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The sport of fencing is centered on skill tactics like cutting, stabbing, or using hand agility to parry an opponent's sword. In fencing, athletes must have strong reflexes and focus in order to both attack and evade attacks from opponents. An LED lamp, a buzzer, and an ultrasonic sensor were used in the tool's design. When the athlete runs toward the sensor—which is identified by a buzzer that sounds and an LED that illuminates—the gadget functions as follows: the athlete waves his hand at the sensor. The distance between the instruments is positioned according to the athlete's needs and skill level. The website that has been developed will show the ultrasonic sensor's detecting findings. The website's architecture allows for multiple tool function configurations, including training mode, tool delay, tool duration, tool detection distance, and indicators of the number of connected sensors. When the tool's durability was tested against distance, it was found to be able to establish a connection between the client and server up to 20 meters away with an average connected time of 27.39. The tool's delay test yields an average of 14.57 seconds. an average of 0.078 when the tool's point inaccuracy is tested.

Spentwash, a liquid waste byproduct of bioethanol production, is a potential raw material for biogas production due to its high organic content and abundant availability. PT Energi Agro Nusantara (ENERO) utilizes spentwash through anaerobic digestion processes to produce biogas, which is used as an alternative energy source.However, optimizing biogas production still faces various challenges, including the need for efficient monitoring and increased production volume. Internet of Things (IoT)-based technology offers a solution through real-time monitoring systems, enabling direct and accurate methane level measurements.This study aims to develop a prototype of a stirred digester equipped with an IoT-based methane gas detection sensor, using the MQ-2 sensor to detect methane gas.

Background: Spinal anesthesia is anesthesia performed on patients who are still conscious with the aim of eliminating the conductivity process at the sensory nerve endings or fibers in certain parts of the body. Research Objectives: This study aims to determine changes in blood pressure before induction of spinal anesthesia and after induction of spinalanesthesia.        Research Methodology: Thisresearchisa descriptive observational study with a quantitative research design that focuses on variable analysis, especially intra-anesthesia blood pressure after application of spinal anesthesia. This research uses an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. Results: It is known that the systolic blood pressure 5 minutes after spinal anesthesia was found to be mean (114.89 mmHg), median (118 times/minute) and mode (132 times/minute), diastole 5 minutes after spinal anesthesia was obtained as mean (70.09 mmHg), Median (70 times/minute), and Mode (70 times/minute). It is known that systolic blood pressure 10 minutes after spinalanes the siaobtained Mean (102.96mmHg), Median (102 times/minute) and Mode (80 times/minute), Diastole 10 minutes after spinal anesthesia obtained Mean (67.32mmHg), Median (70 times/minute), and Mode (60 times/minute). It is known that systolic blood pressure 15 minutes after spinal anesthesia obtained Mean (119.47 mmHg), Median (118 times/minute) and     Mode (100 times/minute), Diastole 15 minutes after spinal anesthesia obtained mean (71.11 mmHg), Median (70 times/minute), and Mode (80 times/minute). Conclusion: This study can conclude that patients undergoing spinal anesthesia may experience a decline due to the effects of spinal anesthesia.

Making a modern bun from coconut fiber to support your appearance can be an idea for a business opportunity because the coconut fiber fiber material does not require too much additional material, so the price of a modern bun from coconut fiber is relatively cheaper. The aim of this research is to find out and explain the process of making a modern bun from coconut fiber, validate the modern bun from coconut fiber, and the public's acceptance of the modern bun from coconut fiber. Data collection uses the methods of observation, literature, experiments, documentation, interviews, questionnaires, and data analysis using descriptive qualitative. The sensory test results from 3 coloring trials on the bun were declared valid on product 3 with a total average color of 4.5, a total average texture of 4.3, a total average of packaging of 4.5, while the total the average aroma is 4.1. The results of the public test showed that people's acceptance was at the highest level of liking in experiment 3 with an average total of 4.5 colors, a texture of 4.3, an average total of packaging of 4.5 while an average total of aroma of 4.1. From the research results, making modern buns from coconut fiber is quite good, creative and innovative, so it can be a business opportunity.

Bagelen bread is a processed dry bread product, processed by re-baking the finished bread to become dry bread. This study aims to determine the right  formulation of canna  starch substitution  for wheat flour in making bagelen dry bread, and to examine the effect of canna starch substitution on the physical properties, chemical properties and sensory properties of bagelen. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Food and Agricultural Product Processing, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of 17 August 1945 Semarang. The research design used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and each treatment was repeated 3 times. Data were analyzed using Anova (Analysis of Variance) at a 95% confidence level. If significantly different, Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) will be carried out. The results of the analysis of physical hardness properties showed significant differences and the results of the color analysis (L a * b *) showed no significant differences. The results of the chemical properties analysis showed that there was no significant difference in water, ash and fat content, but there was a significant difference in protein and carbohydrate content in bagelen bread. The protein content of bagelen bread will decrease in line with the increasing portion of ganyong starch. Meanwhile, carbohydrate levels will increase as the number of canna starch substitutes increases. The results of the sensory properties analysis of color, aroma, taste and texture of bagelen bread showed significant differences. Substitution of canna starch up to 40% did not affect the level of preference for the attributes of taste, color, and aroma of bagelen bread, but the texture of the substitution with canna starch was less preferred.

Development of products based on ingredients rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds needs to be developed. High sources of antioxidants can be found from various fruits and their waste. Dragon fruit peels is known to contain various antioxidant compounds that are useful for body health. Instant dragon fruit peels drink is an instant food product processed from dragon fruit waste. The instant drink processing technique in this study uses conventional methods.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of heating time on the chemical quality of instant drink powder in terms of water content and ash content and organoleptic tests were also carried out to determine the effect of the process on the sensory characteristics of color, taste, and aroma. Based on the results obtained, the water content of instant dragon fruit peels powder ranged from 1.97-1.98%, KND 3 samples with a heating treatment of 30 minutes had the highest water content (1.98%). The ash content value of the product ranged from 0.17-0.83% where the KDN3 treatment (heating time 30 minutes) showed the highest ash content (0.83%). The results of the analysis of this study showed a solubility of 97.6-99.15%. The results of the organoleptic test (hedonic test) on the color attribute showed a significant difference (P>0.05) between the 10 and 20 minute heating treatments with the product from the heating results with a heating time of 30 minutes where the panelists liked the color and aroma of the product from the 10 and 20 minute heating time treatments.

This research aims to design and build a system for stirring and monitoring temperature and humidity for ESP32-based compost fertilizer. This system uses an ESP32 microcontroller to control compost mixing and monitor temperature and humidity conditions in real- time. Data obtained from sensors will be sent to the server for monitoring via Blynk. The implementation of this system is expected to increase the efficiency of the composting process and produce high quality compost through optimal monitoring and mixing.

Natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, and floods pose significant risks to critical infrastructure. AI-driven disaster response systems provide real-time analytics, predictive modeling, and automated response strategies to mitigate damage and improve recovery efforts. This paper explores how AI-powered drones, satellite imagery, and sensor networks enhance disaster monitoring and decision-making. Additionally, the study discusses the role of AI in optimizing emergency resource allocation and predicting infrastructure vulnerabilities. Through an analysis of past disaster management strategies, this research aims to propose AI-integrated frameworks that enhance disaster preparedness and resilience.

Natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, and floods pose significant risks to critical infrastructure. AI-driven disaster response systems provide real-time analytics, predictive modeling, and automated response strategies to mitigate damage and improve recovery efforts. This paper explores how AI-powered drones, satellite imagery, and sensor networks enhance disaster monitoring and decision-making. Additionally, the study discusses the role of AI in optimizing emergency resource allocation and predicting infrastructure vulnerabilities. Through an analysis of past disaster management strategies, this research aims to propose AI-integrated frameworks that enhance disaster preparedness and resilience.

Introduction: ED (Eating Disorders) is one of the most difficult mental disorders to treat and treat, and the cost is even higher than schizophrenia. Secondary somatic complications due to malnutrition, severe weight loss and low levels of micronutrients. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a combination of interventions such as Expression Head Massage, Myofacial Release, Neurosenso Komplit, General Massage, Patterning, Play Therapy, Brain Gym, Oral Reflex Stimulation. Method: A single-subject study was conducted on a 22-month-old child with ED. Results: The results of the sensory examination evaluation showed an increase in sensory in the child. Conclusion: A 22-month-old child was diagnosed with Eating Disorder, initially given physiotherapy, the child did not want to eat rice at all, only wanted to drink milk and sometimes the child liked to hit and bite, but after doing routine physiotherapy and home programs, now the child is willing to feed 15 mouthfuls of rice and focus on the child has also begun to exist and the child's balance is increasing.

Milk consumption and the need for beef cattle for food purposes or sacrificial purposes continue to increase from year to year. This increase is in line with the increasing level of the economy and awareness of the need for nutritious food. However, the increase in demand still faces many production constraints due to the difficulties faced by farmers, the decline in cattle production from year to year in Indonesia. This causes Indonesia to have to import beef for 35.95% of the total national beef consumption. With many factors that affect the decline in the production rate of dairy cows or beef cattle every year, one of them is air pollution and poor air quality in cages. Along with the development of technology, a monitoring and detection system for air cleanliness in cattle pens was created, using the MQ-7 sensor as the concentration of carbon monoxide, the MQ-135 sensor as the concentration of ammonia gas, the MQ-2 sensor as the smoke detection, and When the air pollution value of each sensor input is according to the air pollution standard index (ISPU), the outputs namely indicator lights, buzzers and blowers will be on, then there will be temporary air neutralization in the cage. This tool is made easier by internet of things technology, so that it can send notifications via telegram and can see the level of air pollution levels through the web.

Traditional doors usually consist of a housing or padlock and a flip key to open it. Usually found on office or mall doors, doors can be made more practical. The door will open automatically if there is physical energy (stimulus) that moves it. For example, when someone wants to enter the room, the door will automatically open. Doors like this are designed using automatic control using embedded system equipment. This automatic door system can be designed using automatic control combined with PIR sensors and servo motors. In terms of input equipment, a PIR (Passive Infrared Receiver) sensor is used which will detect humans approaching the door. This PIR sensor will send a signal to the Arduino process unit which contains a microcontroller chip. This microcontroller will send the processed data to the servo motor, so that it can open or close the door automatically.

Indoor air quality plays a vital role in public health, especially since people spend about 90% of their time indoors. Poor indoor air quality, often caused by chemical, physical, and biological pollutants, can severely impact health, comfort, and productivity. To tackle this issue, a robust air quality monitoring and control system was designed, featuring an ESP32 microcontroller paired with sensors such as the GP2Y1010AU0F dust sensor, MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor, and MQ-2 smoke sensor, along with a fan to enhance air circulation. This system is capable of detecting air quality issues and taking corrective action. The ESP32 module, integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, enables real-time transmission of sensor data to a web server for continuous monitoring and prompt response. Researchers have made significant progress in creating an effective, system-based solution to improve and maintain indoor air quality

Perilaku merokok tidak hanya ada di zona sekolah non pesantren, tetapi juga ditemukan di sekolah pesantren. Walaupun dalam pesantren terdapat aturan dilarang merokok, masih banyak santri yang merokok secara sembunyi, dimana salah satu tempat yang paling sering dijadikan tempat merokok mereka adalah di dalam kamar mandi asrama dan perilaku tersebut merupakan suatu pelanggaran. Pondok pesantren salafiyah safi’iyah sukorejo merupakan salah satu pondok pesantren yang sangat melarang para santrinya untuk merokok. Bahkan pelarangan merokok ini merupakan pelanggaran yang berat, dimana santri yang ketahuan merokok bisa langsung di keluarkan dari pondok. Salah satu solusi dari permasalahan ini yaitu  bagaimana merancang alat pendeteksi asap rokok berbasis IoT menggunakan sensor MQ-135 dan mikrokontroler ESP32-CAM, serta bagaimana sistem ini tidak hanya mendeteksi asap tetapi juga mengirimkan notifikasi lokasi dan mengambil gambar kejadian untuk dokumentasi.

This paper presents the design and implementation of an automatic Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) making device using an Arduino Uno microcontroller. Virgin Coconut Oil has gained popularity due to its health benefits and versatile uses in various industries. The traditional process of making VCO involves manual effort and precise timing, which can be tedious and inconsistent. The proposed automated system aims to streamline the VCO production process by integrating sensors, actuators, and a microcontroller to achieve precise control and monitoring of the process variables. The Arduino Uno microcontroller serves as the central unit for data acquisition, processing, and control, facilitating automation through programmed logic. Key components of the automated VCO maker include temperature sensors for monitoring heating stages, a motor for stirring, and relays for controlling heating elements. The system utilizes feedback loops to maintain optimal conditions during each phase of VCO production, ensuring reproducibility and quality. The design also emphasizes user-friendly operation, with an interface that provides real-time feedback on process parameters and allows manual intervention if necessary. Safety features are incorporated to prevent overheating and ensure operational reliability. Overall, the developed automatic VCO maker offers a practical solution to enhance the efficiency and consistency of VCO production, catering to both small-scale producers and commercial enterprises in the food and cosmetic industries

Cutting is part of cooking activities commonly known as the process of dividing using a knife. As for the cutting tools, there are various types, ranging from manual to automatic, from using knives to sensors. In the report, it is mentioned that the modification of the cutting tool involves an existing fruit cutting tool that was then modified by the author into a tool that divides breadfruit into 8 parts using a spring-based pressing system. This cutting tool is suitable for SMEs such as sellers of fried breadfruit, who can sell or even produce it on a large scale, thereby increasing production capacity. The research method used is an experiment by conducting a literature study, such as collecting data from journals, scientific articles, and books relevant to the discussed topic. The design of the breadfruit cutting tool produces uniform fruit slices in 8 seconds using the breadfruit cutting tool and 1 minute 37 seconds using a kitchen knife. This results in a time difference of 1 minute 29 seconds, making the breadfruit cutting tool much more time-efficient and increasing production capacity compared to using a kitchen knife. One thing to note about this breadfruit cutting tool is the sharpness of its blade, which can be sharpened again using a sharpening tool when it becomes dull.

This research aims to design an Aircraft Jacking control system for the Boeing 737-800 to automatically balance the aircraft's inclination using an MPU6050 sensor and servo actuators. The system can detect pitch and roll angles with an accuracy of ±0.5° and an average response time of 150 ms. Based on tests using five datasets, the balancing time ranges from 400 to 600 ms, depending on the initial imbalance. In Dataset 5, with a pitch of 3.5° and a roll of -2.3°, the system required 600 ms to achieve balance, demonstrating its ability to handle critical conditions. The servo actuators successfully adjusted the jacking height within a range of 2 cm with a precision of ±0.02 cm, while the OLED-based monitoring system allowed operators to observe the inclination angles in real-time. Furthermore, ESP-NOW-based communication achieved a data transmission success rate of 98%, supporting efficient centralized control. This research demonstrates the system's effectiveness in balancing the aircraft quickly and accurately, providing a foundation for further development under extreme conditions and energy efficiency improvements.

A clean room is a clean room free from dust and air which can affect product quality. Factors that influence product quality are temperature, humidity and air particles. The condition of the cleanroom cannot be guaranteed to be clean and sterile at all times without a control system. Therefore, a tool was developed that can monitor, control and provide warnings if the room is not in suitable condition. In this research, the PID method was used using the split range control method to control temperature and particles to help optimize the temperature and particle control process. SHT30 sensor for temperature and humidity detection. PMS5003 sensor for air particle detection. The results of sensor detection can be monitored on the website and LCD. The output from the control system will regulate the speed of the blower motor, regulate the temperature and turn on fogging to reduce particles in the air. So the PID method with the split range control method is used as an appropriate temperature control system, so that the temperature and air particles remain in a stable condition. The results of the humidity percentage error are 1.43% and the temperature error is 1.14%, PMS5003 produces errors for particles with a size of 0.1, namely 2.3%, 0.5, namely 5.3%, 1, namely 4.2%, and 5 which is 4%. The PID control system takes approximately 885 seconds to reach 100% setpoint.

With the development of an era that increasingly prioritizes technology, the curiosity of a human mind expects technology that can help human work, so it is undeniable that human work can be replaced by technology. This thesis proposal will design a device that can automatically water plants in pots. In plant maintenance, not many people can care for the garden healthily and properly, especially when watering the plants. By making this automatic plant design, it will provide assistance and convenience for ornamental plant lovers. This device aims to facilitate human work that was originally done manually, to be done automatically. By using Arduino Uno as its microcontroller, Soil Moisture Sensor to assess the level of moisture in the soil, as well as motors and Infra Red Sensors to determine the location of the pot that needs water    

In the modern retail world, competition is getting tougher, and leveraging technology is key to enhancing competitiveness. One technology with great potential to optimize product and service promotions is the Internet of Things (IoT). Figo Mart, as one of the players in the retail industry, needs to utilize IoT to offer a more interactive and efficient shopping experience for its customers. This study aims to explore how IoT can be used to optimize product and service promotions at Figo Mart. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a case study at Figo Mart. The results of the study show that the implementation of IoT can improve the effectiveness of promotions, increase customer loyalty, and provide accurate data for consumer behavior analysis. IoT technologies such as smart sensors and mobile-based devices can be used to inform promotions in real time, offer product recommendations, and optimize customer service.