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This research aims to determine the types of children's diversity in learning. The method used in the research is literature study or literature review. There are 2 journals that are suitable for this research. The results of this research show that children's diversity in learning is a phenomenon that is increasingly recognized as a key aspect in education. Children bring a variety of backgrounds, cultures, interests, and abilities to their learning environment. By embracing diversity, educators can create an inclusive environment and allow every child to develop to their potential.

The service's goal is to promote public understanding of domestic violence prevention and build awareness among the inhabitants of Mojorejo Village. Counseling activities in the community are motivated by phenomena that occur in the community. The problem of domestic violence itself is actually a problem that often occurs in married life, but some people do not consider what they experience as an act that is wrong in the eyes of the law. Therefore, the community needs to be given an understanding of domestic violence, so that if it occurs or experiences domestic violence, the victim can take legal steps. The method used is a participatory method which is expected to play an active role in legal counseling activities in the form of; Lecture on the Socialization of Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning Domestic Violence; Legal counseling regarding the material of Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning Domestic Violence;  Question and answer session about domestic violence through mediation.

Comprehending narrative literature is a pressing matter for students. Reading entails more than the visual perception of symbols; it involves comprehending the significance conveyed by those symbols. This research aims to identify issues or difficulties in comprehending narrative texts during reading. The objective of this study is to delineate the difficulties encountered by grade VI students at SDN Pleret Lor in comprehending narrative reading texts. This study employs a descriptive methodology. The researchers selected a sample of 40 children in the sixth grade, with 3 of them being chosen as participants. The researchers employed observation and experimentation methodologies. The observation approach is employed to assess students' comprehension by gauging their grasp of the content conveyed through narrative in reading materials. The exam administered to the three kids had the lowest level of reading comprehension. The findings revealed that students encountered difficulties in comprehending narrative texts. Specifically, students struggled with understanding reading comprehension indicators, identifying the main idea of the text, comprehending the information presented, determining factual details, and drawing conclusions from the reading material. Recommendations for educators to employ more effective reading techniques and educators to evaluate reading comprehension.

This research aims to find out what child custody rights are like after parents' divorce in the Gorontalo Religious Court and what the legal consequences are for child custody after parents' divorce. The method used in this research uses a normative type of research. This research uses a comparative approach (Comparative Approach) and a fact approach (The Factapproach). The results of this research found that divorce between husband and wife has a big impact, especially on child custody rights after parental divorce with an approach from the perspective of Islamic law and the Constitution. Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. The Gorontalo Religious Court's decision regarding child custody is also a supporting factor, highlighting the best interests of the child as the main priority. Interviews with Gorontalo Religious Court Judges show that the court's adaptation to modern family dynamics and the involvement of children in the decision-making process is in the spotlight. In concrete cases, the research describes two decisions related to child custody, highlighting the importance of considering casuistry and the best interests of the child in making custody decisions. This research seeks to provide a holistic and sensitive picture of the complexity of child custody cases with a focus on child welfare as the main priority. Divorce between husband and wife raises responsibilities that must be maintained, especially regarding children's rights. In line with Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection, parents have primary obligations, including caring for, nurturing, educating and protecting children. This thesis explains that after divorce, children become direct victims by being separated from their parents. Child care, especially the cost of the hadhanah, is the father's responsibility according to the Compilation of Islamic Law Article 156 letter d. However, if parents do not fulfill their obligations, child custody rights can be revoked at the request or coercion of the court

This research explores the intricate relationship between digital citizenship, moral development, and family-based character education, focusing on integrating technology. Employing a library research approach and descriptive analysis method, the study delves into existing literature to investigate the impact of technology-based interventions on parental influences in shaping children's ethical decision-making in the digital age. The research addresses three primary questions: (1) How does incorporating technology in family-oriented character education programs impact children's formation and reinforcement of moral values and digital citizenship skills compared to traditional methods? (2) What are the key challenges and opportunities families face when leveraging technology for character education, and how do these factors influence the effectiveness of moral development within the familial environment? (3) In what ways do parental involvement and modelling of digital behaviours shape children's ethical decision-making and online conduct, and how can technology-based interventions enhance or alter these parental influences on their children's moral development and digital citizenship? Through a comprehensive review of theoretical frameworks, empirical studies, and technology integration models, this research aims to provide valuable insights into the evolving dynamics of character education within the digital landscape.

Diarrhea remains a health problem in developing countries such as Indonesia and is a major cause of mortality and mobility, especially in children. The prevalence of diarrhea based on symptoms is calculated by combining diagnosed or symptomatic diarrhea cases. The incidence and prevalence of diarrhea in Indonesia are 3.5% and 7.0%. This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of health education on the level of knowledge about diarrhea in children at SD Negeri 1 Sokaraja Tengah. This research method uses quasi experimental with One group pretest-posttest design. The sampling technique used total sampling with a sample size of 56 students. Data was taken using a questionnaire. The results showed that the majority of female gender with 29 respondents (51.8%). There is a difference in the level of knowledge about diarrhea before and after being given health education. Based on statistical tests using the paired t test results in a p value of 0.000 which means there is a significant effect.

During childhood, the development of a child involves several key aspects. Firstly, the physical development aspect encompasses the skeletal and muscular systems, as well as the development of motor skills. Secondly, health and safety become important focuses by providing adequate physical exercise to meet national targets and prevent children's inactivity. The processing of information and intelligence in cognitive development emphasizes repetition, organization, comparison, and the emergence of information. The division of intelligence into emotional and spiritual intelligence provides an additional dimension to understanding child development. Piaget's approach, particularly the concrete operational stage, describes a phase in which children use operations and logical reasoning in concrete situations. Lastly, in cognitive development, language becomes an important tool for communication, both in oral and sign forms.

Pediculosis capitis (head lice) is a parasite that sucks blood and infests the human scalp. It often attacks children and spreads rapidly in crowded environments such as orphanages and boarding schools. The research aims to determine the relationship between personal hygiene and the incidence of pediculosis capitis. Method: quantitative research with a cross-sectional design. The population was 131 people, with a sample size of 85 respondents. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately using the chi-square test with a confidence level of 95%. Results: The results of the study showed that residents of the orphanage in Jelutung District, Jambi City (55.3%) experienced cases of pediculosis capitis, and 62.4%) had poor personal hygiene. There was a relationship between personal hygiene (p = 0.001) and the incidence of pediculosis capitis at the orphanage. Conclusion: There is a relationship between personal hygiene and pediculosis capitis. It is hoped that the residents of the orphanage will maintain and improve good and correct personal hygiene, and then health officers should routinely provide health education regarding personal hygiene and pediculosis capitis in the orphanage.

Karo Batak customary inheritance law is based on a patrilineal system which determines that the main heir is the eldest son. However, it should be noted that women also have the right to inheritance in some cases, especially if there are no sons in the family. In general, inherited assets are divided equally between the children and surviving spouse of the deceased, but certain properties such as land or inherited property in particular are more likely to be passed patrilineally to the eldest male child to maintain the continuity of the bloodline. This system also recognizes the important role of ancestors in determining inheritance distribution and has strong customary mechanisms to resolve conflicts that may arise regarding inheritance distribution. Even though it is still recognized and implemented, Karo Batak customary inheritance law has faced several challenges and adaptations with the advent of the modern era. Changing living patterns, urbanization, greater education, and the influence of national laws often influence the way heritage is managed and shared. In many cases, inheritance arrangements may combine elements of customary law with national law to adapt to social changes and the practical needs of modern families. This could have the impact of a more equal distribution between children, without necessarily taking into account gender or birth order, as well as paying more attention to the economic and social needs of family members. Despite this, customary inheritance law practices are still respected and maintained in many Karo Batak communities, often as part of their cultural identity and traditions.

Customary inheritance law is customary law that regulates the system of inheritance procedures. There are 3 (three) customary inheritance systems in Indonesia, namely the individual inheritance system, the collective inheritance system and the majorate inheritance system. Meanwhile, there are 4 (four) kinds of kinship systems in Indonesia, namely patrilineal, matrilineal, bilateral or parental and alternate kinship systems. Balinese people adhere to the patrilineal kinship system, which is based on descent from the male side. This means that in Balinese society, the male child is Bali, and the position and rights of men are higher than the rights and position of women. In Balinese society, girls have the right to enjoy inheritance as long as they perform their dharma.  The limited right of girls to receive inheritance led to emancipation which demanded that girls get the same inheritance rights as boys. During the Indonesian government, the protection of women's inheritance rights in Bali was further strengthened by various laws and regulations issued by the government. However, there are also factors inhibiting the protection of women's inheritance rights in Bali, namely the strong influence of patriarchal culture in Balinese society and adhering to Balinese customary law which gives greater inheritance rights to men.

This journal discusses cognitive development during early childhood. The aim of writing the journal is to find out how cognitive development occurs during early childhood, the advantages of cognitive development during early childhood, as well as language abilities and other cognitive abilities. The method used is literature study, namely by searching for materials and references from books, journals and articles. The results show that the early childhood period is called preoperational, this period starts from the age of 2 to 7 years. Preoperational uses symbols, categorization, and numbers. Other cognitive abilities are life, death, bodily functions, space, weight, numbers, time, social impressions, beauty and cuteness.

This research aims to analyze toddler literacy programs in rural areas and evaluate their effectiveness in improving the literacy skills of early childhood. The research methods used include interviews with parents, observations of children, and analysis of existing literacy programs. The research results show that there are several challenges faced in strengthening toddler literacy in rural areas, including limited access, lack of resources, and lack of parental awareness about the importance of early childhood literacy. To overcome this challenge, collaborative efforts are needed between the government, educational institutions and local communities. Toddler literacy programs should be designed to take into account the rural context and available resources. Apart from that, it is necessary to provide outreach to parents and the community about the benefits of toddler literacy and how they can support it. The results of this research can be a guide for developing literacy programs for toddlers in rural areas, so that children in rural areas have equal opportunities to develop their literacy skills from an early age.

Patient An MM was brought by his parents to the Tanah Pasir Community Health Center Children's Polyclinic with complaints of itching on both hands for the last 3 weeks. The initial complaint was that it felt like itching accompanied by the appearance of reddish spots, and over time, pimples appeared between the fingers. Complaints felt worse in the last week until the patient felt itchy all day and complaints of itching felt worse at night until the patient had difficulty getting to sleep because he kept scratching the part of the body that felt itchy. Based on the anamnesis of complaints obtained after contact with the patient's older brother who experienced similar complaints. A physical examination was carried out and the examination results were within normal limits. Primary data was obtained through anamnesis and physical examination by conducting home visits, filling in family folders, and filling in patient files. The assessment is carried out based on a holistic diagnosis at the beginning, process and end of the visit quantitatively and qualitatively. The interventions carried out include education about the causes of scabies in the family, education on environmental sanitation and cleanliness and management of the disease as well as explaining complications that may arise from the patient's disease so that the patient's family maintains better personal hygiene and environmental cleanliness.  

Abstract. Implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum with a focus on the Project for Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile (P5) has become a major concern in the world of education since 2022. This research aims to understand the implementation of P5 in the UNP Laboratory Development Kindergarten, focusing on the topics of implementation, objectives, benefits, advantages, and evaluation. The research method involves collecting data through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The research results show that the implementation of P5 in the UNP Laboratory Development Kindergarten has had a positive impact in increasing understanding of the values ​​of Pancasila, introducing local culture, and forming character and environmental awareness in kindergarten children. Evaluation of P5 activities is carried out through learning management and involving active participation from the surrounding community. In conclusion, the implementation of P5 in the UNP Laboratory Development Kindergarten makes a positive contribution to improving the quality of learning, building student character, and community participation and empowerment. The suggestion proposed is the need for cooperation between teachers, P5 coordinators, and parents of students to better adapt the P5 program.

This research aims to determine the implementation of cultural and civic literacy through the LEKSAM BEDAS literacy program at SDN Cipaku 03 to increase creativity in students. This research uses one method, namely the qualitative descriptive method. Then the researcher also studied research information from the results of interviews conducted with the fifth grade teacher who was the literacy program supervisor at SDN Cipaku 03. Data collection techniques were carried out using observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis was carried out using data collection, data reduction, data presentation, inference and verification techniques. The results of the research show that SDN Cipaku 03 has implemented the Family Educational Literacy program, Children’s School and Community, Awakening to Dynamic, Prosperous, Religious Education (Leksam Bedas) in order to improve literacy and creativity skills in students. The Bedas Leksam program can be carried out by utilizing libraries and other reading areas as literacy infrastructure that supports students. The Bedas Leksam program can be combined with cultural literacy and civic literacy.  

Undocumented migrant children lose access to formal education. Therefore, a learning forum is provided, namely the guidance studio (SB) or Learning Center. This research uses a qualitative method using a case study approach. The aim of this research is to determine the form of social relations of NGO PERMAI in building a guidance studio for undocumented migrant children, to find out the form of support/contribution from related parties in helping fulfill education for migrant children. The theory used is Michel Foucault's theory of power relations. The results of this research are: The PERMAI NGO guidance studio requires support and assistance from other parties, this form of relationship is a collaborative relationship from (KBRI, ​​KJRIl, PPI and students from universities in Indonesia). The forms of support provided vary, such as material support or learning needs (desks, chairs, notebooks, boards, etc.) or support in the form of personnel as provided by PPI.

The lack of human awareness of environmental problems and limited natural resources is a challenge that needs to be corrected for the survival of future generations. Raising awareness through environmental literacy habits needs to be instilled from basic education, this is done because instilling character values will be more effective given from an early age. Infographic media is a way to convey overall information clearly, complexly and quickly. With the aim of knowing the use of infographics regarding the problem of preserving natural resources as an effort to increase environmental literacy in elementary school students. The type of research used is a qualitative approach with a literature study method. Infographics are an interesting medium for increasing environmental literacy in students. Students can be guided to collect and analyze problems in the surrounding environment, analyze the impacts that will occur, and find solutions to overcome these problems which are outlined in the form of infographics. By instilling environmental literacy in children from an early age, it is possible for students to have an attitude of caring about the environment.

Late childhood development is a continuation of early childhood. This period lasts from the age of 6 until the child becomes sexually mature. The beginning of late childhood is marked by the child's entry into the first grade of elementary school which is an important event for the child that can lead to changes in attitudes, values and behavior. In education, it can be adjusted by compiling materials, methods, facilities, and tools that are in accordance with the situation and conditions of the students. For parents, the growth and development of children and the service model will be known so that children can undergo developmental tasks and adapt to their environment well. The purpose of the analysis is to identify the characteristics of the end of childhood, analyze the developmental tasks of the end of childhood, and identify physical development at the end of childhood. Using the literature study method with an approach that involves analyzing relevant literature or information sources. In conclusion, the characteristics of development in late childhood, namely: a. Emotional development such as heightened emotions, the beginning of emotional catharsis, forming gangs of children; b. Game patterns such as exploring, constructive play, watching TV; c. Common offenses often occur such as fighting with siblings, shirking responsibilities, telling false lies. Physical development in late childhood includes: Height and weight, Motor development, Body ratio, Simplicity, Muscle-fat ratio, Teeth.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not there is an effect of motivation and parental attention on the achievement of Semester 1-7 IAT IAI TABAH students. This research method is Quantitative with the type of case study by maximising Questionnaire, Interview, Observation, and Documentation instruments. The results showed that the influence of motivation and parental attention on achievement for students of Al-Quran Science and Tafsir of the Tarbiyatut Tholabah Lamongan Islamic Institute had no significant effect. 58.8% of parents never demand children to be able to everything.64.7% of parents always support children in campus.  41.2% of parents always support children to buy learning books in campus.70.6% of students rarely buy books. 41.2% of parents never encourage students to go to campus regularly. IAT IAI TABAH student achievement The highest value of Student GPA is 3.68 and the average value is 3.55, while the lowest value is 3.01. From the existing Student Study Result Card data, the highest student value is only able to achieve 3.68 GPA among all students.

The excessive use of gadgets can be interfere in children's development, especially in preschool children. Children who are accustomed to overusing gadgets will have an impact on their emotional development. The aims of this study is  to determine the relationship between gadgets uses on emotional development in preschool age children in RA Character Assalam Manado. This is analytical descriptive research method with the cross sectional design. The sample of respondents in this study was 52 people using Total Sampling. Data collection using questionnaire sheets. In analysis using Chi-Square with Continuity Correction α ≤ 0,05. Results of the study were obtained: Out of 52 there were 32 (61,5%) parents having children with good emotional development; 34 (65.4%) parent having children using gadgets with an abnormal duration (> 1 hour/day), There was a significant relationship between gadget use and emotional developments in preschool age children in RA Character Assalam Manado. The conclusion in this study; there is a relationship between gadgets use and emotional development in preschool children at RA Character Assalam Manado. Based on the results of the research, it is suggested the teachers at the school should be able to coordinate with the student parents to more understanding the impact of the gadget use on the children emotional development.