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Students who experience difficulties in learning are the teacher's responsibility to overcome the problems faced by students. One of the actions that teachers can take to help students with learning difficulties is through providing remedial activities. The purpose of this research is to find out the steps, obstacles and solutions to the problems of class V-C teachers in implementing remedial activities for students who experience difficulty adding and subtracting mixed fractions at SDN Rangkah I Surabaya. This research uses a method with a descriptive qualitative approach. This research uses data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation techniques. The results of this research are 1). The teacher's steps in implementing remedial activities are that the teacher analyzes the results of the diagnosis of student difficulties by referring to student test scores that are below the KKTP score of 60. Next, by planning remedial activities, the teacher arranges the day, date, time, method, media and prepares the questions that will be created for the activity. remedial. After everything has been carefully planned for remedial activities, the next step is for the teacher to carry out remedial activities for four students who are experiencing difficulties. Next, after carrying out the remedial activities, the teacher assesses the results of the remedial work for each student who took part in the remedial activities. 2). The obstacles for teachers in implementing remedial activities are that they require quite a long time, the physical condition of students is not enthusiastic and the differences in the characteristics of students' comprehension abilities. 3). The teacher's solution to the obstacles in implementing remedial activities is that the teacher maximizes the time for remedial activities, the teacher always provides encouragement in every implementation of remedial activities and the teacher explains again to students who do not understand the explanation individually.

Beginning writing is a skill that is taught to students at the initial stage, namely in class I. This research is motivated by the difficulties faced by students in the Indonesian language subject of learning to start writing in class I. This research aims to describe the difficulties of learning to start writing and identify factors -factors causing difficulties in learning to write at the beginning of class I at UPTD SDN Banyuajuh 2. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The subjects of this research were 4 class I students with difficulty in beginning writing. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation. Based on research results, several writing difficulties experienced by class I students include: not being able to write their full name or nickname, not being able to write the letters of the alphabet correctly, not being able to copy words and not being able to write on the right lines. Then the factors that influence initial writing difficulties are internal factors including students' low fine motor skills, students' low visual abilities, study habits and low learning interest and motivation. Meanwhile, external factors for students include a lack of parental attention and guidance towards students.

Stroke is a brain function disorder that occurs suddenly due to blockage or rupture of brain blood vessels. The problem that often arises in stroke patients is movement disorders, patients experience problems or difficulty when walking because they experience problems with muscle strength and body balance or you could say immobilization. Based on these conditions, non-pharmacological management is needed, namely ROM. to find out the results of the application of passive ROM to increase muscle strength in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients in the ICU X Hospital. Descriptive research using case studies, in this application muscle strength was measured before and after being given Range of Motion passive (ROM). Passive ROM is carried out 2x a day for 5 days. Muscle strength Mr. W from (upper extremity) 4/0 and (lower extremity) 3/0 becomes (upper extremity) 5/2 and (lower extremity) 4/2. Power to Mr. P (upper extremity) 5/3 and (lower extremity) 5/3 become (upper extremity) 5/4 and (lower extremity) 5/4. there was an increase in muscle strength in both respondents after ROM was carried out

This research is based on the ability to collaborate which is an ability that students must have. Collaboration skills, what teachers must do to improve collaboration skills is to apply various learning models that adapt to students' needs. The Group Investigation type learning model is a learning model that focuses on students' collaboration abilities. The success of a learning process can be measured by the success of students in participating in the learning process.This research aims to explore the application of the group investigation model in an educational context and measure its impact in improving the collaboration abilities or skills of class XI students at SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda. The object of this research is all students in class XI C of SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda, totaling 36 students. This research is a qualitative descriptive type of research. The research method used in this research is a qualitative research method with a system of field observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this research is analysis.The concept of group investigation learning is learning that emphasizes students gaining knowledge through learning experiences. The group investigation type learning model has six stages, namely selecting topics, planning collaboration, implementing plans, analysis and synthesis, presenting work results, and evaluation.The collaboration ability of students in class And the results of interviews with students show that students have good collaboration or cooperation skills in completing the topic/material given.The advantage of the Group Investigation type Cooperative Learning learning model in class can improve students' ability to collaborate or work together and students can learn to solve problems that arise during the learning process.The weakness of the Group Investigation type Cooperative Learning learning model in class XI SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda namely, the material presented will be less because the learning time is short, the teacher will have difficulty giving individual grades, and the class atmosphere will be noisy due to discussions.

Concentration of learning in children is how children focus on doing or doing something until the job is done in a certain time. In some 6th grade children at Eben Haezer Family Elementary School have difficulty concentrating which causes a decrease in learning achievement due to the fact that children often play gadgets, experience low thinking levels such as memory disorders, and children have a history of illness since childhood so that teachers who also complain and are confused in improving and overcoming children who have difficulty concentrating when learning takes place. Brain gym is a collection of simple movements that aim to connect or unite the mind and body so that not only will facilitate the flow of blood and oxygen to the brain, but also movements that can stimulate the work and functioning of the brain optimally. This study was conducted to determine the effect of Brain Gym on the level of learning concentration in students at SDS Eben Haezer Family. This study is a quantitative research pre-Experimental approach one group pre-post test with a sample of 21 respondents with a total sampling technique. Analysis of the data in this study using the Wilcoxon test with the analysis test obtained the value of p value =0.000 (p<0.05) so that the conclusion of this study there is the influence of Brain Gym on the level of concentration of learning in students at SDS Eben Haezer Family.    

Faculty The Faculty of HOLS Hospitality School faces challenges in manual administration, such as accumulating registration data, difficulty in data retrieval, risk of data loss, administrative inaccuracies, and time-consuming registration and attendance processes, increasing the risk of administrative errors. To address these issues, researchers designed a web-based information system using the waterfall model and PHP programming language. This system allows students to mark attendance using a QR code within a 5-meter radius, mentors to reschedule classes quickly and easily, and administrators to control administrative data accurately and efficiently. The result of this research is an information system product that facilitates academic administration management at HOLS Hospitality School, supports e-learning facilities, and simplifies coordination between students, mentors, and administrators.

Betrayal trauma is a condition of pain experienced by a person after receiving bad treatment from people who are trusted. This research is motivated by the problem of indications of betrayal trauma due to cases of betrayal in dating relationships. The purpose of this study is to determine the empirical picture of individuals who experience betrayal in dating relationships and how the impact caused by betrayal trauma both physically and psychologically. This research method uses descriptive qualitative method. Data collection uses interview techniques and the IES-R test. The main subjects were 6 individuals aged 18-25 years. The results showed that the empirical picture of individuals due to betrayal trauma caused fear in interacting and establishing relationships, especially with the opposite sex. Physical consequences include difficulty concentrating, difficulty sleeping, loss of appetite, weight loss, stomach illness, and behavioural changes. Psychological consequences include difficulty in rebuilding trust, numbness/anger, anxiety, alexithymia, dissociation, and anxiety. This research is expected to provide new insights so that it can be used to provide effective guidance and therapy due to betrayal trauma. Suggestions for future researchers can develop research variables such as identifying factors that cause betrayal trauma, the effects of betrayal trauma, and strategies to overcome betrayal trauma independently.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), a condition in which air flow to the lungs is limited, causing difficulty in breathing. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) causes a decrease in oxygen levels in the blood (SpO2<85%) because oxygen flow to the lungs is reduced due to obstruction in the airways or because lung function decreases in the process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide. to determine the effect of balloon blowing therapy on oxygen saturation in COPD patients in Flamboyan 7 Dr. Moewardi Surakarta ward. Descriptive application,, research sample of 2 respondents, research instrument using observation sheet and oximeter, application using balloon blowing therapy. After carrying out balloon blowing therapy times in 3 days, the respondent experienced an increase in oxygen saturation values ​​with results for Mr.S 98% and Mr.K 98%. the application of balloon blowing therapy can increase oxygen saturation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary (COPD) patients in Flamboyan 7 Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.  

The digital age has revolutionized many aspects of life, including the way we negotiate. Digital platforms such as social media, email and video conferencing have opened up new opportunities to negotiate with parties around the world. However, these changes also present new challenges that require adaptive and innovative negotiation strategies. This research aims to observe and understand the interactions and dynamics of negotiations taking place on digital platforms. Qualitative methods were used to analyze effective negotiation strategies in the digital era through various digital platforms. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with digital platform users, direct observation of the negotiation process on digital platforms, as well as a literacy review of previous research. The results show that negotiations are increasingly turning to online platforms that offer flexibility, wide coverage and easy access to information. However, digital negotiations also face significant challenges such as a lack of non-verbal communication, difficulty in building trust, and potential technological disruptions. To create effective negotiations in the digital age, an adaptive strategy is needed that takes into account the unique characteristics of digital negotiations and helps companies reach mutually beneficial agreements. This strategy includes seven steps outlined by Poerwanto (2014), namely preparation, first contact, assessment, confrontation, conciliation, solution, and post-negotiation.

This study aims to analyze learning difficulties in Bahasa Indonesia among 4th grade students at SDN Margamulya VI Bekasi. The researcher employed a qualitative research method for this study. The instruments used were questionnaires and interviews. The research was conducted at SDN Margamulya VI among 4th grade students in the academic year 2024/2025.The findings of this study indicate that the learning difficulty in Bahasa Indonesia experienced by the 4th grade students at SDN Margamulya VI is related to the understanding of paragraph types according to their positions. Factors influencing these difficulties include the students' inability to grasp the abstract concepts of the material.

This research aims to examine the influence of digital literacy on elementary school students' interest in reading and writing during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is qualitative research using the systematic literature review (SLR) method. Information is taken from the Google Scholar database for the last 5 years, viz. between 2020 and 2024 in full text format. The research results show that the Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on elementary school students' education, especially in distance learning. Obstacles faced include lack of facilities, slow internet connection, and lack of direct interaction. Parents and teachers also face the challenges of costs, adapting to technology, and difficulty controlling and understanding students. However, online learning opens up opportunities for innovation and collaboration between parents, teachers and the community. Research also shows that the pandemic affects elementary school students' digital literacy and reading interest. Rahman found an increase in reading ability despite obstacles. Mirnawati identified the challenges and opportunities of online learning. Siroj noted that good digital literacy increases interest in reading. Andarini concluded that digital literacy at the UPI Serang Pilot Laboratory Elementary School was going quite well. Salsabillah revealed the negative impact of online learning on literacy and numeracy. Ayuniar highlighted the important role of teachers in teaching reading skills. Solahudin identified internal and external factors that influence students' reading interest. Anam emphasized the need for educational updates and technological support during the pandemic.

This study aims to determine the difficulties of students in solving Higher Order Thingking Skills (HOTS) problems by using the Polya method in Trigonometric comparison materials. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The subjects of the study were 36 students in class X.1 of SMA Negeri 2 Situbondo. Data collection techniques use test questions, interviews and documentation. The test in the form of Higher Order Thingking Skills (HOTS) questions is carried out to measure students' abilities. Interviews were conducted on 6 students based on the category of ability level of test results. Data analysis was carried out using data induction and reduction theory. The test results showed that those who scored in the high-level category were 10 students (28%), the moderate-level category was 14 students (39%) and the low-level category was 12 students (33%). The conclusion of this study states that the difficulty of students in solving Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) questions using the polya method, namely subjects with high-level categories, experience difficulties at the re-examination stage. Subjects with a moderate level category, experienced difficulties at the stage of implementing the plan and re-examining. Subjects with low-level categories experienced difficulties at all stages of polya, namely at the stage of understanding the problem, making a plan, implementing the plan and re-examining.

Lower elementary school students usually have difficulty solving arithmetic puzzles. This is caused by variables inhibiting students, including lack of focus and low motivation to learn. This research was conducted to determine the proficiency of class II students at SD 1 Selojari in answering addition and subtraction questions through the use of narrative questions. The aim of the qualitative method of this research which uses a qualitative descriptive approach is to characterize mathematical problem solving abilities. The technique for selecting subjects in this research is using a purposive sampling technique, which is a technique for determining samples with various specific considerations using 11 class II students at SD 1 Selojari. The data collection techniques used were interview, observation and documentation methods. The data analysis technique uses data collection, data reduction, and drawing conclusions.  The mathematical problem solving ability of second grade elementary school students in addition and subtraction material is quite high, namely 90%, as seen in the students' ability to work on the questions given and get high scores. The results of this research show that one in three students are still unable to solve problem questions and still need help.

The results of the research that have been researched by the author are: First, the reason for the integration of PAI learning at SMP BP Amanatul Ummah Pacet is to deepen students' understanding of Islamic religious teachings. Therefore, integration of PAI learning with book learning is carried out, such as Fiqh using Mabadiul Fikihiya and Arabic using Akidatul Awam. Obstacles faced include the difficulty of teachers dividing time between PAI and muis as well as the challenges of adapting new grade 7 students from elementary school. Solutions include teacher adaptation to changing moods and student maturity levels as well as developing engaging and effective teaching methods to maintain student focus. Second, the form of integration of learning that uses the Integrated model (The Integrated Model).

This study is motivated by the students' poetry writing skills are often hampered due to lack of focus, difficulty expressing feelings due to uncomfortable situations, low interest in writing, less time, and less optimal use of a variety of learning models and media so that the results obtained by students are less than optimal. Therefore, it is necessary to apply other innovative models and media that are more supportive. So that in this study has a formulation of the problem of how the application of the Project Based Learning model assisted by Wattpad media in writing poetry material for class VIII students of SMPN 25 Semarang in the 2023/2024 academic year. The data collection method of this research is descriptive qualitative. With the subject of class VIII C totaling 33 students. The data collection techniques used in this study were test and non-test techniques. The test technique was carried out by giving a test on writing poetry text through the specified learning media, while the non-test technique was carried out by observation, student questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. So that the application of the Project Based Learning Model assisted by Wattpad Media can be applied with the results of good poetry text work products in learning the material of writing poetry texts on Class VIII Students of SMPN 25 Semarang Academic Year 2023/2024.

In the digital era, the use of information technology in various fields, including education, is essential. Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Syamsul Huda in Jagakarsa District, South Jakarta, faces challenges in recording teacher attendance, which is still done manually, leading to issues such as data inaccuracy and difficulty in recapitulation. This research aims to design and develop a web-based attendance system using PHP, Bootstrap, CSS, HTML, and MySQL. The system is expected to improve the efficiency and accuracy of attendance recording, as well as facilitate real-time access and processing of attendance data. The research methodology includes needs analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. The results indicate that the web-based attendance system can provide an effective solution to enhance teacher attendance management at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Syamsul Huda.

The purpose of this study is to increase students' interest in the implementation of dance extracurricular activities at MTsN 7 Pesisir Selatan. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive analysis approach. The research instrument is the researcher himself and is assisted by supporting instruments such as stationery and cameras. Data collection techniques are carried out by means of literature studies, observations, interviews, and documentation. The steps to analyze data are data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawn. Dance extracurricular activities are carried out in stages, starting with gathering students who are interested in participating in dance extracurricular activities, making schedules, and providing materials. Dance extracurricular activities began with the recruitment of new members, students who were interested in participating in dance extracurricular activities totaling 20 people. After carrying out extracurricular activities in dance with umbrella dance learning, students' interest began to increase, this can be seen from the enthusiasm of students who attended every meeting. Then from the learning carried out by 8 students who were able to perform dance movements with a good level of memorization, 10 students who lacked memorization and 2 students who had difficulty practicing the dance movements given by the coach during dance extracurricular activities with limited facilities and inadequate infrastructure.  

Dysmenorrhea is a gynecological complaint resulting from an imbalance of the hormone progesterone in the blood, resulting in pain. The impact of menstrual pain is very diverse, including young women being unable to walk, having difficulty sleeping, being in a bad mood, losing concentration in doing something, and so on. Gymnastics is a relaxation technique for experiencing dysmenorrhea. To find out nursing care for adolescents with reproductive disorders, dysmenorrhea, the design used in this scientific report is a case study. This case study results from the application of Evidence Based Practice (EBP), client K experienced moderate dysmenorrhea pain on a scale of 4 after being given the intervention, decreasing to mild pain on a scale of 2, client R experienced mild dysmenorrhea pain with a pain scale of 3 after being given the intervention, decreasing to mild pain on a scale of 1 and client S experienced mild dysmenorrhea pain with a pain level of 3 after being given the intervention, decreasing to no pain on a scale of 0. Applying Evidence Based Practice (EBP) it can be concluded that dysmenorrhea exercises can reduce the dysmenorrhea pain experienced by young women during menstruation.

This research aims to analyze students' difficulties in writing stories in Indonesian language subjects in Class IV UPTD SPF SDN 61 Kampung Baru. The subjects in this research were 19 students of UPTD SPF SDN 61 Kampung Baru consisting of three students with high abilities, three students with medium abilities, and three students with low abilities. Data collection was carried out using written tests and continued with individual interviews to obtain valid data. The results of the analysis of the difficulty test for writing stories for students showed an average score of 67.63 for students. From these data it can be seen that the ability of class IV students in writing stories is still quite low. Of the 3 questions asked, many students still had difficulty answering questions related to structure and choosing words. Based on the results of interviews with 9 students, it is known that the difficulties experienced by students in the high subject category are that students have difficulty determining titles and connecting words to make a complete sentence. The difficulties experienced by moderate subjects were difficulty putting together good and interesting sentences in determining the content of the story and the noisy classroom atmosphere affecting their concentration in writing. Meanwhile, the difficulties experienced by low subjects are that they are not interested in writing a story so it is difficult to write, they have difficulty deciding what words to use, and they have no interest in writing long texts so they prefer not to do it. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the level of difficulty for students in writing stories in Indonesian language subjects is still quite low.

Education creates an optimal learning environment and an active learning process for students to develop their potential and help them achieve goals in improving knowledge and morals, as well as building children's personalities. Lack of educational facilities and difficulty managing free time are also problems for teenagers in channeling their talents and interests and preparing for a better future. Madrasah Aliyah Vocational Boarding School as an alternative school has an optimal environment for character education. The aim of this research is to design a Madrasah Aliyah Vocational Boarding School that can meet educational needs, a good learning environment, security and safety, as well as several supporting architectural factors and elements by applying metaphorical architectural aspects. The research method is carried out using qualitative methods, which can be collected by collecting data from literature studies, case studies or similar themes, then direct observation of educational activities. The application of a design with a metaphorical architectural theme, which uses the basic shape of a rose, is expected to visually illustrate the function of the building. Thus, observers and building users are expected to be able to clearly obtain ideas and impressions of the activities taking place within it through the shape of the building mass and facade.