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Javanese long pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl) is a native Indonesian spice that is found in many regions in Indonesia, especially in Madura. The cultivation of Javanese long pepper plants is spread across four large areas in Madura, that are Sumenep, Pamekasan, Sampang, and Bangkalan. Empirically, herbal chilies have been proven to be able to treat various diseases. This is closely related to the macronutrient content and bioactive compounds contained in herbal chilies. This research has carried out proximate analysis, phytochemical screening and phenolic content analysis of herbal chilies originating from four regions in Madura. The analysis results showed that Sumenep herbal medicine chili extract had the highest number of calories at 8,434 kcal. Meanwhile, Bangkalan herbal medicine chili extract has the lowest number of calories, namely 8,227 kcal. The results of this research also showed that Javanese long pepper contain six active compounds, five of which have been successfully tested with positive results (+) or have been proven to contain alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, flavonoids, and carotenoids. Saponin compounds showed negative results (-) or there were no saponin compounds in Madurese herbal chilies. The total phenolic content of local Madurese herbal chilies from Pamekasan, Sampang, Sumenep and Bangkalan respectively, 44.63; 27.70; 25.49; and 22.70 mg GAE/g. The results showed that there were significant differences between the areas of the Javanese long pepper in terms of water content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content and phenol content (p<0.05).

This study evaluates the effectiveness of vaccination programs in reducing the incidence of infectious diseases in low-income countries. By analyzing immunization coverage data and disease prevalence rates, the research highlights the successes and challenges faced by vaccination initiatives. The findings indicate that comprehensive vaccination campaigns significantly decrease morbidity and mortality rates, emphasizing the need for sustained investment and community engagement to improve public health outcomes.

This article investigates the intersection of social entrepreneurship and leadership, focusing on how sustainable business models create social and economic impact. Using examples from successful social enterprises, the study highlights the importance of purpose-driven leadership in addressing societal challenges. Findings emphasize the role of collaboration and innovation in achieving scalable solutions.

This article examines transformational leadership in family-owned businesses, with a focus on balancing the preservation of traditional values and driving innovation. By conducting interviews with family business leaders and analyzing their leadership approaches, the study identifies key strategies for managing generational transitions, incorporating modern practices, and fostering organizational culture. Findings highlight that transformational leadership ensures long-term success by integrating the strengths of tradition with the opportunities of innovation.

Teaching the Al-Qur’an is the core of Islamic education, with the main aim of guiding children in reading, studying and understanding the Koran from an early age. The Al-Qur'an Education Park (TPQ) serves as an important platform to instill a love of the Al-Qur'an in children. Even though many TPQs have been successful with good administration and management and a large number of students, there are still TPQs that have not developed, such as the TPQ in Glidah Kedamean Village, Gresik. Observations show that learning management at TPQ does not meet recognized management and curriculum standards in education, resulting in suboptimal educational attainment. Responding to this problem, the Glidah Village TPQ Teacher Management Optimization team, together with KSPPS BMT Khoiru Ummah, initiated an intensive community service-based mentoring program using the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method. The mentoring process involves several stages, starting from identifying problems through field observations, organizing and planning programs, to implementing program actions. The results of discussions and implementation of mentoring revealed a number of problems faced by teachers regarding TPQ management. The implementation of this mentoring activity has been empirically proven to have a positive impact, increasing the effectiveness of management and the quality of education at the TPQ.

Project-Based Learning (PjBL) is a learning approach where students learn by actively participating in real projects or tasks. This approach aims to prepare learners to face real-world situations and develop skills relevant to careers and everyday life. The (PjBL) approach was used in the creation of this motion graphics titled "Affordable" with the client LB LIA. The PjBL process involved planning, client needs analysis, conceptualization, production and evaluation. The results show that PjBL helps learners develop a deep understanding of graphic design and effective communication skills with clients. PjBL helped learners develop a deep understanding of graphic design and effective communication skills with clients. Although time management and communication challenges arose, collaboration between students and clients successfully overcame these obstacles so that this motion graphics project could run smoothly. With a focus on project-oriented learning, this article can serve as a guide for those interested in maximizing students' educational experience in the real world.

The aim of early detection of behavioral, emotional and psychosocial disorders in children is to identify students who require further examination based on the results of the examination. In this activity, interviews were conducted according to the Pediatric Symptom Checklist 17 (PSC-17) questionnaire. It is estimated that it can increase insight into the importance of early detection of behavioral, emotional and psychosocial problems so that it can improve children's well-being and academic success.

This study aims to analyze the impact of social relationships in crowdfunding, focusing on the aspects of information, trust, and project funding. In the context of crowdfunding, social relationships between fundraisers and backers play a significant role in creating an environment that supports project success. The literature review reveals that strong social networks and information transparency can increase the level of backer trust. Trust built through positive social relationships significantly contributes to funding decisions made by individuals. In addition, this study shows that the quality of social relationships can serve as a catalyst in attracting financial support, with a wider network providing access to greater resources. Thus, the results of this study emphasize the importance of fundraisers to build and maintain good social relationships as a strategy to increase the chances of success in crowdfunding. Further research is recommended to explore cultural differences and contexts that may influence the dynamics of social relationships in crowdfunding.

The digital transformation within the public sector has shifted from an optional advancement to a primary parameter for local government success in managing dynamic metropolitan areas. This research examines the acceleration of Smart Governance in Surabaya through the implementation of the mandatory non-cash parking policy on public roads. Using a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical design, the study explores how this transition redefine the relationship between the government, parking attendants, and citizens. Findings indicate that the policy effectively minimizes budget leakage and enhances fiscal transparency. The integration of digital payment systems has transformed traditional parking management into a data-driven service, fostering public trust through accountable financial tracking. Furthermore, the shift from cash to digital transactions has successfully professionalized the role of parking attendants within the urban ecosystem. However, success relies heavily on consistent infrastructure readiness and public literacy. The study concludes that Surabaya's non-cash parking model serves as a vital instrument for strengthening Regional Original Revenue (PAD) while modernizing urban governance. These implications suggest that digital integration is not merely a technical change but a fundamental shift in bureaucratic culture. This model provides a strategic framework for other Indonesian metropolitan cities aiming to implement similar digital-based public service innovations and sustainable smart city governance.

Energy efficiency is a critical concern in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) due to the limited power resources available in sensor nodes. Prolonging network lifespan while ensuring reliable data transmission is essential for successful deployment in various applications, such as environmental monitoring, military operations, and industrial automation. This paper presents a mathematical model designed to optimize energy consumption across various nodes in WSNs. By implementing simulations and analyzing data from these models, the study demonstrates significant improvements in extending network lifespan while maintaining reliable data throughput. The findings contribute valuable insights into energy management for large-scale sensor deployments.

Background: Immunization is the governments promise to get Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially to decrease the number of infant death rates. Universal Child Immunization (UCI) is an indicator of success in basic immunization in babies immune against a disease. Purpose: To analyze the process of management in achieving UCI. Research Methods: The research used qualitative phenomenological methods. The objective of the research was to analyze the process of management in achieving UCI. The research used qualitative phenomenological methods. It was done in the working area of Bah Kapul Puskesmas. The data were gathered by conducting in-depth interviews with 8 Informantts from Surveillance and Immunization Section Head, the Heads of Puskesmas, participants of immunization program, and practice midwife. Result : The result of the research showed that human resources were inadequate since their qualification was not in accordance with the standards, training was only done by the participants, facility and infrastructure such as KMS preparation and the facility outside the building were inadequate, lacked of staff cars for immunization personnel, there was no counseling about immunization in the field, people were not interested in the program, there were ignorance and lack of involvement of cross-sectors, and there was no monitoring from the Heads of Puskesmas for immunization outside the building. Conclusion : The Heads of Puskesmas should monitor directly immunization service outside the building and not only monitor through the report. The management of Puskesmas should provide counseling about the importance of immunization for targeted parents before posyandu service is done. The cross-sectors should support the implementation of immunization, actively play and collaborate in its implementation.

Mathematics learning in SD Negeri Cikampek Kota faces several complex issues, including irrelevant curriculum, low teaching quality, low student interest and motivation, and limited resources. To address these problems, integrated actions from various stakeholders are needed. Recommended actions include refining a more relevant and integrative mathematics curriculum, enhancing teaching quality through teacher training and mentoring, utilizing technology in learning, boosting student motivation, involving parents and the community, and developing collaborative learning approaches. By implementing these strategies holistically and sustainably, it is hoped that the understanding and achievement of mathematics among students in SD Negeri Cikampek Kota can be improved. Ongoing evaluation and feedback are also necessary to ensure the success of improvement efforts. Thus, mathematics learning in SD Negeri Cikampek Kota is expected to become more effective and competitive, in line with national education goals.

Public health is a fundamental pillar of regional development as it directly affects the quality of life, productivity, and social welfare of the community. At the local level, the village head (lurah) plays a strategic role in encouraging community participation and coordinating public health programs. This Community Service Program (PKM) aims to analyze the role of the village head in improving public health through a public administration approach in Bumi Ayu Subdistrict, Dumai City. The methods applied in this program include counseling, training, simulation, and free health screening services using an educational approach. The activity was conducted on July 20, 2024, at STIA Lancang Kuning Campus and involved more than 100 participants from various community groups. The results indicate an increased public awareness of the importance of regular health check-ups and early detection of non-communicable diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol, and uric acid disorders. In addition, the program strengthened the roles of the village heads, Posyandu cadres, and PKK members in supporting community health services. The discussion reveals that the success of public health programs at the subdistrict level is strongly influenced by participatory, collaborative, and responsive local leadership. This PKM activity is expected to serve as a model for strengthening the role of local government in promoting sustainable community health development.

Malnutrition over a long period of time as a cause of stunting, can cause toddlers to be susceptible to infection. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is one of the biomarkers of inflammation as a cause of infection. Community service activities in the form of providing additional food to stunted and malnourished children for 90 days in the Penfui village of Kupang City through the Orang Tua Anak Asuh programme (OTA2S), as well as CRP testing. Each lecturer team has 2 foster children in this programme. A total of 15 children / toddlers were successfully sampled for CRP testing, and obtained 100% non-reactive. Anthropometry of 2 toddlers as foster children showed different results. Toddler No.1 showed a decrease in weight in the third month by 0.5 kg, but an increase in height by 1, 9 cm and LiLa by 0.2 cm. In toddler No.2 there was an increase in body weight by 0.25 kg, an increase in height by 1.2 cm, but a decrease in LiLa by 0.7 cm.

This article delves into the power competition between Saudi Arabia (Sunni) and Iran (Contemporary Shia) by examining their involvement in shaping Middle Eastern influence expansion through fundamentally different ideological approaches, namely Sunni and Shia. The author takes the cases of Syria and Yemen as focal points to narrow down the scope and gauge the efforts of both countries as balancing forces in the Middle East region. The paper adopts an ideological approach to identify conflict patterns and strategies employed by both nations. The objective of this paper is to explore the background of the conflict between these two countries, utilizing ideological approaches to achieve their political goals. Employing a descriptive-analytical approach, this article aims to address the research issues at hand. It reveals that Saudi Arabia and Iran play significant roles in Middle Eastern conflicts, particularly in Syria and Yemen, through various means such as funding and providing military logistical support. The ideological approach is inseparable from the missions carried out by both nations. Iran has succeeded in building alliances with local governments, thus securing victories in Yemen. However, Saudi Arabia, despite employing various alliance-building strategies, has yet to achieve success.

In learning activities, motivation is an encouragement or process to direct students in achieving learning goals. The research was motivated by the very diverse problem of students' learning motivation in mathematics subjects in class XI TFLM-3 SMK Negeri 5 Surabaya. This can be seen from the results of the researcher's observations, where when they are about to start learning activities, many students still think that mathematics is less interesting and boring so that students are always less ready to start learning mathematics and the learning that was usually carried out by previous mathematics teachers was just learning. just lectures and assignments. This research aims to determine the increase in students' learning motivation in mathematics subjects through differentiated learning based on content. This research uses a type of Classroom Action Research (PTK) which consists of two cycles using data collection techniques in the form of questionnaires and observation. This questionnaire is used to determine learning satisfaction that motivates students after carrying out learning strategy treatment. The results of research using differentiated learning based on content show an increase in students' learning motivation from pre-cycle activities 63,8% to 73,1% in cycle I, then continued with cycle II. It shows that the presentation average of students' learning motivation in mathematics subjects is 83,2% From the results of this research it can be concluded that using differentiated learning based on content is successful in increasing students' learning motivation in mathematics subjects in class XI TFLM-3 SMK Negeri 5 Surabaya.    

Community creative economic empowerment plays an important role in improving welfare, preventing stunting, and enabling the development of creative potential and the uniqueness of local culture. The MAMAH TING-TING counselling and cooking demonstration in Sidorejo Village focused on delivering information on the prevention of wasting and stunting through the utilisation of local food, with interaction of question and answer sessions and quizzes, as well as the practice of making corn pudding as a High Calorie High Protein (TKTP) menu for the prevention of stunting in children, attended by 30 out of 40 invited PKK members. The MAMAH TING-TING counselling and cooking demonstration have successfully delivered important information about wasting and stunting prevention to the community, especially the PKK women of Sidorejo Village. Through a comprehensive explanation of the meaning, differences, causal factors, impacts, prevention and control of wasting and stunting, as well as a cooking demonstration of corn pudding as an example of a TKTP menu, participants are expected to better understand the importance of nutritious food consumption in preventing stunting in children. The interaction of question and answer sessions and quizzes have also contributed to ensuring participants' understanding of the material presented.

The success of stroke treatment is determined by the speed and accuracy of treatment. The golden time in treating stroke is ± 3 hours. Integrated Referral System SISRUTE is a tool that facilitates the transfer of health services between various health facilities.Rapid reporting through the web application is facilitated by this system.. The aim of this research is the relationship between the use of an integrated referral system (SISRUTE) and the speed of success in emergency treatment of stroke cases in the0AGD0of the0DKI0Jakarta0Health Office. The research method that will be used is an analytical research design with a correlational The design was cross-sectional, with a population of 340 participants and 77 participants chosen for the sample size. Using the parametric Chi-Square test. The results show a relationship between using the integrated road system (SISRUTE)..and the success rate of speed of emergency treatment of stroke cases in the0AGD0of the0DKI0Jakarta Health0Office0with a p-vlue of 0.014 < 0.05. Conclusion: The use of an integrated referral system can influence the success rate of stroke emergency treatment.    

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the implementation of Good Corporate Governance on Firm Value and Financial Performance. The sampling used purposive sampling technique, namely the selection of samples with certain criteria, so that the sample in this study was 32 samples. The implementation of Good Corporate Governance was measured by a score of corporate governance perception. index (CGPI). Firm value is measured by Tobin's q and financial performance is measured by return on assets (ROA). The results show that there is a significant negative relationship between good corporate governance and firm value, and there is a significant negative relationship between good corporate governance and financial performance. This shows that the market response to the implementation of good corporate governance is still lacking and the implementation of good corporate governance requires a longer period long time to see its success.

Partners in this PPM activity are Village Apparatus and several community representatives of Sumur Gedang Village, Sungai Full City, Kerinci. Based on the analysis of the situation, the main problem faced by partners today lies in the phenomenon of waste which continues to increase in volume which causes environmental pollution, especially related to cleanliness and health. The increasing population and community activities greatly affect the increasing volume of waste in rural areas. Various kinds of pollution that occur due to piles of garbage so that the impacts caused include environmental damage, changes in health conditions. Support, participation and awareness from various parties, especially waste management drivers, is one of the keys to the success of good waste management. Based on these problems, through this activity, several solutions to solve problems will be provided. The method of implementing activities uses a participatory approach through training and mentoring activities, with measurable achievement targets. The results of PPM activities that have been carried out are obtained as a result of the PPM team has carried out all forms of training and simple practices to partners including in making natural compost by utilizing leftover vegetable pieces from households that can be used as natural fertilizer to fertilize the soil. In addition, the team practiced processing plastic waste to be used as handicrafts and other products which are expected to be attractive and can be resold in the future.