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The abolition of the National Examination (UN) as a national policy has marked a significant change in the education evaluation system in Indonesia. This policy was implemented with the aim of reducing psychological pressure on students and replacing it with a more holistic evaluation approach through the National Assessment (AN). However, this transformation has raised various issues, particularly regarding the aspects of equity and accountability in education quality. This study aims to analyze in depth the impact of the abolition of UN on the quality of educational evaluation by examining its implications for equitable access, fairness, and accountability systems at both national and local levels. This research uses a qualitative method with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, analyzing various scholarly literature sources and relevant policy documents published between 2020 and 2024. The findings indicate that although the UN was abolished with the intention of promoting fairness and reducing academic stress, the implementation of AN has yet to ensure equitable implementation of educational evaluations across regions. Moreover, the absence of a standardized, open, and quantitative evaluation indicator such as the UN has weakened transparency and accountability in education, both in the public's perception and in policy-making processes. Therefore, a new evaluation system is needed—one that is not only diagnostic in nature but also ensures data transparency, equitable access, and strengthened public accountability functions in education.

Colon In Loop examination is an important radiographic procedure in the evaluation of Hirschsprung cases in pediatric patients. At Brebes Regional Hospital, there are differences in procedures compared to existing literature, especially in the method of administering contrast media and the projections used. This study aims to review and examine the Colon In Loop examination procedure in pediatric patients with Hirschsprung cases at Brebes Regional Hospital. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study method. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving three radiographers and one radiologist as research subjects. Data analysis techniques were carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Results Colon In Loop examination in pediatric patients at Brebes Regional Hospital was performed without any special preparation for the patient. Contrast media was used with a stepwise method, namely 50cc in the first stage and added 50cc in the second stage. The projections used included AP (Antero Posterior) and AP oblique to overcome visualization limitations. The Colon In Loop examination procedure at Brebes Regional Hospital differs from the literature regarding the method of contrast media insertion and additional projections. This provides better visualization for Hirschsprung's diagnosis in pediatric patients.

Triglycerides are an important metabolic indicator associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Hypertriglyceridemia often develops without symptoms but contributes to the accumulation of atherogenic lipids. This activity involved 104 adult participants who underwent triglyceride level examination using Point-of-Care Testing (POCT). Education was delivered individually using a leaflet containing information on the relationship between high-calorie food intake and increased triglyceride levels, as well as recommendations for replacing energy-dense foods with healthy foods. A total of 47.1% of participants showed triglyceride levels ≥150 mg/dL, while the other 52.9% had normal levels. The average triglyceride level of 159.1 mg/dL reflects the hidden metabolic risk in the population. Education was provided based on the results of the examination to encourage the selection of low-calorie foods and increased fiber consumption. Triglyceride level examination is useful as an early screening for hypertriglyceridemia in the community. Education about high-calorie food consumption plays an important role in reducing metabolic risk and supporting the prevention of cardiovascular disorders through a healthier diet.

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the health problems that is often experienced by the elderly and has a major impact on their quality of life, especially because it increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disorders. This condition often does not show symptoms, but the process of atherosclerosis can develop slowly and cause serious complications if not treated early. The Community Service Program (PKM) implemented at Panti Werdha Hana aims to increase awareness among the elderly of the importance of early detection of Cholesterol and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) levels as part of efforts to prevent heart disease. This activity applies the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) approach, including total cholesterol and HDL examinations using the Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) method, as well as interactive education about risk factors and healthy lifestyles. The results of the activity showed that out of 76 participants, 38 people (50%) had total cholesterol levels above normal, while 22 people (28.95%) had low or very low HDL levels. Early detection through screening has proven effective in identifying cardiovascular risks earlier and providing a basis for timely medical and educational interventions. Through this activity, it is hoped that the elderly can understand their health conditions better and take preventive steps to maintain lipid levels within normal limits, to improve the quality of life and reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications in the future.

Total cholesterol and HDL assessments are fundamental initial steps in evaluating the risk of cardiovascular disease. The ratio between total cholesterol and HDL is considered a sensitive indicator in predicting atherosclerotic events. Screening activities were carried out using the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) approach in adult participants. The examination was carried out using the Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) tool to assess total cholesterol and HDL levels from blood samples. Education was provided through leaflets containing information about lipid profiles and the importance of dietary changes. A total of 62 participants took part in this activity, with an age range of 23 to 76 years and the majority were female. Most participants had total cholesterol levels in the normal category, but almost all participants had HDL levels that were classified as low or very low. This lipid profile imbalance indicates a significant potential cardiovascular risk. The screening results underscore the need for continuous education on healthy dietary habits as a primary prevention strategy. Nutritional interventions emphasizing reduced intake of saturated fats, increased fiber consumption, and controlled sugar intake can help restore lipid balance and reduce the risk of atherosclerosis and long-term cardiovascular complications.

Kidney dysfunction often remains undetected in its early stages due to minimal clinical symptoms. Serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) examinations are the main parameters to assess kidney filtration function. Lifestyle factors such as a high-sodium diet play a role in accelerating the decline in kidney function. Creatinine and eGFR examinations were performed by taking venous blood from 104 adult participants. Samples were analyzed in the laboratory, while education was provided directly to all participants after blood sampling, focusing on reducing sodium consumption and improving diet. The examination showed that the average creatinine level was still within normal limits, but the eGFR value of some participants showed a decline in kidney function. The agreement between the two parameters reinforces the importance of laboratory examinations in detecting the risk of declining kidney function. Education successfully conveyed information about the effect of salt consumption on kidney health. eGFR and creatinine examinations are effective steps to detect the risk of kidney dysfunction in asymptomatic populations. Education about reducing sodium and improving diet plays an important role in preventing progressive kidney damage.

Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels are fundamental hematological screening parameters that are relevant for identifying potential erythropoiesis disorders. An imbalance in these two parameters often reflects undiagnosed anemia, especially in adults and the elderly. The activity was carried out at the Cengkareng Baptist Foundation using the Plan–Do–Check–Act (PDCA) approach. The examination was carried out using the capillary method based on Point-of-Care Testing (POCT). Nutrition education was provided using leaflets containing information about the importance of micronutrients for blood formation. A total of 62 participants took part in this activity, with an age range of 23–76 years. Most participants were female (74.2%). Hemoglobin values ​​ranged from 7.4 to 17.3 g/dL, with a median of 11.9 g/dL. A total of 64.5% of participants had anemia. Hematocrit values ​​ranged from 22.0 to 51.0%, with a median of 35.0%. The high prevalence of anemia identified through this screening underscores the importance of preventive efforts through targeted nutritional education. Emphasis should be placed on the adequate intake of iron, vitamin B12, and folate to promote behavior change and reduce anemia risk in the community.

Hypertriglyceridemia is a metabolic condition characterized by elevated triglyceride levels in the blood and is closely related to cardiovascular risk and metabolic syndrome. Routine blood tests play an important role in detecting unnoticed lipid disorders, especially in individuals without clinical symptoms. Triglyceride screening was performed on 91 adult participants using the point-of-care testing (POCT) method. Education was provided through leaflets containing information on lifestyle and dietary patterns that affect triglyceride levels. The results were classified and analyzed to identify risk distribution and as a basis for health education. The mean triglyceride level of participants was 137.8 ± 77.1 mg/dL (range 45–463 mg/dL). Most participants showed values ​​within the normal range, but individuals with very high levels were found, indicating hidden metabolic risks that require clinical attention. Early detection of triglyceride levels accompanied by education based on examination results is a strategic step in preventing hypertriglyceridemia. Community intervention through education and the formation of healthy habits contributes to controlling the risk of non-communicable diseases in the adult population.

Diabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication that often occurs in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and is a major cause of blindness in older adults and the elderly. This study aims to describe the characteristics of diabetic retinopathy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus through a literature review of 10 journals published between 2022 and 2025. The results of the analysis show that the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy globally reaches 35%, with the main risk factors including long duration of diabetes (>5 years), high HbA1c levels (>7%), and poor glycemic control. The majority of cases of diabetic retinopathy are found in the non-proliferative stage (65%), which is characterized by microaneurysms and retinal hemorrhages, while the proliferative stage is less common but has a high risk of causing blindness. The study also revealed that patients with comorbidities such as hypertension and dyslipidemia tend to experience more severe diabetic retinopathy. Further stages of diabetic retinopathy if not managed properly can cause vision-threatening conditions. However, low patient compliance in metabolic control and eye examination is a major challenge. Management of diabetic retinopathy requires a holistic approach that includes patient education, regular screening, and comprehensive risk factor control to prevent progression of diabetic retinopathy and maintain the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 2016, there were 3.8 million people died due to poor indoor air quality. The highest number of deaths occurred in the Southeast Asia region at 1.5 million deaths while the Western Pacific region was 1.2 million, Africa 739,000, the Eastern Mediterranean 212,000, America 82,000, and Europe 52,000 deaths. Passo Health Center is directly adjacent to residential areas which results in exposure to air pollution from the surrounding environment entering the health center, causing flying bacteria or germs to enter the health center so that they can multiply in the air. This type of research is descriptive which describes the study of microbiological quality in the waiting room at the Passo Health Center. Measurement of the number of germs in the waiting room did not meet the requirements and temperature measurements, lighting in the waiting room met the requirements and humidity measurements in the waiting room did not meet the requirements based on the standards of Permemkes No. 2 of 2023 concerning Environmental Health. The number of germs and humidity in the Passo Health Center waiting room does not meet the requirements, The temperature and lighting in the Passo Health Center waiting room meet the requirements, The humidity in the Passo Health Center waiting room does not meet the requirements, The Health Center can use this research as a reference in controlling air quality both from microorganism factors and physical environmental factors.

PT Gapura Angkasa is one of the aviation companies whose business includes ground handling services. At Zainuddin Abdul Madjid Lombok International Airport, PT Gapura Angkasa handles ground handling for Garuda, Citilink, and Sriwijaya Air. Aircraft essentially transport passengers, baggage, cargo, and mail. Airlines are responsible for checked baggage entrusted by passengers. Regarding baggage, many passengers often experience issues such as lost, damaged, delayed, or mixed-up baggage. The unit responsible for handling problematic baggage is the Lost and Found unit. This research aims to evaluate the performance of the Lost and Found Unit in managing baggage issues. The study uses a qualitative method. The subjects of this research are the Lost and Found Unit at PT Gapura Angkasa Pura, Zainuddin Abdul Madjid Lombok International Airport Branch. Data for the research is obtained from primary sources, including observations and interviews, and secondary sources, such as photos/images and company records as well as Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). Data credibility is tested through triangulation. Data analysis is performed through data reduction, data examination, and conclusion drawing. The research results show that the responsibility of the carrier towards problematic baggage at the Lost and Found Unit of PT Gapura Angkasa is carried out comprehensively, including steps for receiving reports, identifying, documenting, storing, and coordinating with airlines according to the applicable Standard Operating Procedures. However, there are still challenges, such as delays in tracking and returning baggage that need improvement. The carrier's responsibility for problematic baggage is in line with the regulations stipulated in PM No. 77 of 2011 concerning the procedures for managing and the responsibility for problematic baggage, including handling damaged, delayed, and lost baggage.

A Fuel Filling Station is a location that produces air pollution due to transportation activities. The use of motorized vehicles will produce various pollutants including NO2 and SO2. Public Fuel Filling Station (SPBU) officers are a group of workers who play an important role in helping to provide services and provide fuel needs for public transportation. However, these officers also have the risk of being exposed to hazardous chemicals, especially motor vehicle gas emissions such as SO2 and NO2 produced by vehicles that will refuel. This study aims to determine the quality of Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) in Ambient Air at SPBU 84-97104 Passo. This type of research is descriptive research, this research is supported by examination using the Midget Impinger tool. The population in this study is the entire ambient air at SPBU 84-97104 Passo. The samples in this study are the parameters of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) which will be measured at the measurement points that have been determined according to SNI 19-7119.6-2005 concerning Determination of Sampling Locations for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Tests. The results of NO2 and SO2 measurements carried out at gas station 84-97104 which were carried out for 1 hour obtained NO2 measurement results of 10.50 µg/m3 and SO2 30.37µg/m3 which means that it meets the requirements according to the standard quality for Nitrogen Dioxide 200 µg/m3, and Sulfur Dioxide quality 150 µg/m3 according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 2 of 2023. Based on the results of NO2 and SO2 measurements carried out at gas station 84-97104 which were carried out for 1 hour, the NO2 measurement results met the requirements according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 2 of 2023. Concentration of Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Ambient Air, Fuel.

This consider points to assess the affect of brand image on customer obtaining behavior in a computerized setting by joining quantitative strategies and counterfeit insights (AI)-based opinion examination. Essential information collection was conducted through an internet overview of 212 respondents matured 21–35 a long time who routinely make online buys, whereas auxiliary information was gotten from 5,000 customer comments on social media and e-commerce destinations. The comes about of the relapse examination appeared that brand image components such as believe (β = 0.37), seen quality (β = 0.31), and passionate association (β = 0.28) have a critical impact on buy purposeful (R² = 0.62, p < 0.01). The discoveries from the estimation investigation appeared that 72% of customer suppositions were positive, supporting the quantitative comes about and underlining the significance of the enthusiastic viewpoint in acquiring choices. This think about contributes to the advancement of hypothesis by combining essential and auxiliary information analyzed utilizing AI innovation, and emphasizing the significance of computerized notoriety and enthusiastic perspectives in forming brand quality. The comes about of this ponder open up unused points of view in creating data-based promoting procedures within the computerized period.

Cockroaches are one of the insects that act as disease vectors that are often found in houses, buildings, including restaurants or eateries. Based on the results of observations conducted at the BTN Kanawa Indah Settlement Block 17, Batu Merah Village, Sirimau District, Ambon City with a dense population and an unclean environment. Viewed according to the habitat and behavior of cockroaches at night, it appears that cockroaches roam around in houses such as kitchens, rooms, toilets, and damp and dirty places. This type of research is descriptive which describes the Density and Identifying the types of cockroaches in the BTN Kanawa Indah Settlement Block, Batu Merah Village, Block 17, Sirimau District, Ambon City. The results of the Cockroach Density study found in the BTN Kanwa Indah Settlement Block 17, Batu Merah Village, Sirimau District, Ambon City were 12 cockroaches, included in the moderate category. Cockroach Identification in BTN Kanawa Indah Settlement Block 17 Batu Merah Village Sirimau District Ambon City there are 14 American cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) at sample point one 2 cockroaches, sample point two 2 cockroaches, and sample point three 5 cockroaches, and point four 3 cockroaches point five 1 cockroach. The survey of cockroach density in BTN Kanawa Indah Settlement Block 17 Batu Mera Village Sirimau District Ambon City, namely the measurement results are in the moderate category. There are 14 American cockroaches (Periplaneta americana), and there are no German cockroaches (Blatella australasiae) obtained from the results of the examination of the 5 sample points, namely positive there is one type of cockroach in the BT Kanawa Indah Settlement Block 17 Batu Merah Village Sirimau District Ambon City.

The elderly group (elderly), aged 60-69 years, is part of the community that is vulnerable to various health problems, both physically, mentally, and socially. Untreated health problems can reduce the quality of life and become a burden for individuals and society. In Borisallo Village, Parangloe District, Gowa Regency, there are around 320 elderly residents. Through the Community Service (PKM) program of the Fostered Village in collaboration with the Borisallo Village Government and funded by the UMI Endowment Foundation, a series of activities were carried out to improve the quality of personal health of the elderly. The activity was carried out in November 2024 at the Borisallo Village Hall and included two main forms, namely: (1) elderly health checks covering blood glucose, cholesterol, uric acid, blood pressure, body temperature, and weight; and (2) counseling on the importance of maintaining overall health quality. Although only 15 participants registered for the counseling, the number of participants who attended exceeded expectations, indicating high enthusiasm from the community. The results of the examination showed that some elderly people required medical follow-up for further treatment. The program also emphasizes the importance of regular and continuous monitoring of the health of the elderly so that their condition can be monitored objectively and early intervention can be carried out. The activity took place in an atmosphere full of empathy, care, and a spirit of service that respects and loves the elderly. 

Hypertension is one of the health problems that are often experienced by the elderly. This is caused by various factors such as an unhealthy lifestyle, an unbalanced diet, and a lack of physical activity. Hypertension can result in stroke, heart disease, kidney disorders, and can even result in death. The elderly need to know how to prevent hypertension. The number of elderly people in Borisallo Village, Parangloe District, Gowa Regency is around 310 people (10.75%). The partner in the PKM of the Assisted Village is Borisallo Village which fosters the elderly in its area. Based on the problems faced by partners, the PKM service program of the Assisted Villages that is expected to be a solution is (1) Education on the prevention of hypertension in the elderly (Elderly), (2) Blood pressure checks in the elderly in Borisallo Village. This activity is financed by the UMI Waqf Foundation.  The results of the implementation of PKM in the Assisted Villages (1) Counseling on the prevention of hypertension in the elderly community has been carried out at the Borisallo Village Hall which was attended by 15 elderly people, (2) Then continued with a hypertension examination showing that in general, the blood pressure of the elderly community in Borisallo Village, Parangloe District, Gowa Regency, is still normal unless there are as many as 2 (20%). It is recommended to have comprehensive and periodic health checks on the elderly, not only hypertension, but more comprehensive, including mental health, so that the health status of the elderly can be known

This paper provides a comprehensive examination of the concept and implementation of skill management as a cohesive set of competencies encompassing technical, interpersonal, conceptual, and strategic skills within organizational and entrepreneurial contexts. The background highlights the critical role of skill management in addressing the challenges posed by a highly competitive and rapidly evolving business environment, where mastery of these competencies determines both individual and organizational effectiveness in planning, organizing, leading, and controlling resources to achieve collective objectives. Grounded in a literature review of seminal works by Robbins & Coulter, Katz, Drucker, Mintzberg, Armstrong, and Barney & Hesterly, this study adopts a structured approach that covers definitions, classification of skill types, their roles in organizations, development strategies, implementation challenges, and applications in entrepreneurship. The findings indicate that: (1) technical, human, and conceptual skills are complementary across different managerial levels; (2) skill development requires a blend of formal education, field practice, mentorship, and technology utilization; (3) primary challenges include technological adaptation, complexity of decision-making, and limitations in training resources; and (4) in entrepreneurial ventures, effective skill management is fundamental to planning, finance, human resources, innovation, and communication. In conclusion, skill management should not be viewed as a static competency but as a strategic asset that must be continuously enhanced through lifelong learning, enabling both individuals and organizations to sustain growth and resilience in the era of globalization and digital transformation.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a permanent, non-progressive motor disorder that occurs due to brain damage experienced before, during, or after birth. This condition is generally characterized by activity limitations and can be accompanied by various other disorders, such as delayed cognitive development, visual impairment, speech disorders, and neuromuscular disorders. Management of cerebral palsy is usually multidisciplinary, including physiotherapy, behavioral therapy, speech therapy, nutritional management, pharmacotherapy, and surgical intervention, with the aim of improving the patient's quality of life. This case report discusses a male patient, An. AZ, aged 4 years and 6 months, who was brought by his parents to the Emergency Department of Cut Meutia General Hospital, North Aceh with the chief complaint of seizures that had occurred two days before admission and had worsened in the past day. The patient had been diagnosed with cerebral palsy since early childhood and regularly underwent physiotherapy. From the anamnesis, it was revealed that the patient experienced weakness on the left side of the body, which was more dominant than the right side. This condition is consistent with the manifestation of hemiplegia in cerebral palsy patients. Physical examination revealed delayed motor development, increased muscle tone on the left side, and enhanced pathological reflexes. Acute seizure management included administering anticonvulsant medication according to protocol, monitoring vital signs, and close observation in the inpatient ward. In addition to pharmacological therapy, the patient was advised to continue regular physiotherapy to maintain motor function, prevent contractures, and support the development of daily activities. This case emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach to the management of cerebral palsy, particularly when complicated by seizures. Integration of acute medical care, rehabilitative therapy, and family support plays a crucial role in improving the patient's quality of life.

Phlegmon is a serious infection affecting the maxillofacial area. Cases of phlegmon cause more than 50% mortality before the development of antibiotics, and 90% are due to acute infection of molar teeth. Examination of cervical vertebrae can help the diagnosis by using AP Axial, Lateral, right posterior oblique (RPO)/left posterior oblique (LPO) projections of 15º-20º cephalad, and right anterior oblique (RAO)/left anterior oblique (LAO) 15º-20º caudad while in the Radiology Installation of Yogyakarta City Hospital, using AP Axial projection 15º cephalad, Lateral and oblique (RPO and LPO) with perpendicular beam direction without other modalities such as MRI and CT Scan. This study aims to further examine radiographic examination procedures and projections of RPO and LPO with perpendicular ray directions. This type of research is qualitative with a case study approach at the Radiology Installation of Yogyakarta City Hospital from September 2024 to May 2025. Data were collected by observation, documentation and interviews with 3 radiographers and 1 radiology specialist. Data analysis was done by data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed 3-position photographs to evaluate the overall condition of the cervical vertebrae and surrounding tissues. RPO and LPO projections are not angled according to the applicable SOP and have no significant effect, because the main focus of phlegmon is soft tissue evaluation and is not related to the evaluation of nerve abnormalities in the intervertebral foramen. However, for phlegmon cases with serious severity, other modalities such as MRI, CT scan or ultrasound should be added in order to detect soft tissue and the cause of phlegmon for further action.

This study aims to investigate the implementation of project-based learning (PjBL) in improving students independence at the elementary school students. Independent learning is a crucial aspect in students' academic and personal development enable them to take their own steps, organize themselves, and take responsibility for their learning process. Through a classroom action study approach, this study involved students and teachers in several elementary school classes implementing PjBL in various subjects. Data were obtained through observation, interview interactions, and examination of project documents made by students. The research findings indicate that the implementation of PjBL significantly improves various aspects of student independence, such as the ability to plan, implement, and assess tasks independently, as well as encouraging student motivation and confidence in learning. Challenges and strategies for effective PjBL implementation were also identified in this study, providing practical insights for educators who wish to apply this approach to empower the independence of elementary school students' learning.