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This investigation examines the implementation of linguistic politeness in English as Foreign Language (EFL) instruction in Karawang, with particular emphasis on faculty-student interactions. Utilizing an ethnographic qualitative methodology, the research encompasses one faculty member and thirty-five, first-semester students. Data acquisition was conducted through non-participant classroom observations and semi-structured in-depth interviews. The findings demonstrate that the faculty member systematically implemented politeness strategies through indirect communication and face-threatening acts management. The incorporation of Sundanese cultural values in instruction was manifested in the utilization of address systems and modifications in communication approaches. The implementation of politeness significantly contributed to the enhancement of students' communicative competence and the establishment of a conducive learning environment. This research underscores the significance of integrating linguistic politeness and indigenous cultural values in EFL instruction to facilitate pedagogical effectiveness.  

This study aims to develop a hypothetical model of Balai Latihan Kerja (BLK) / Job Training Center through the POAC (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, Controlling) approach as a fundamental framework in reforming the vocational training system. Using qualitative methods with data triangulation from expert interviews, empirical studies, and international reports, the study identified four key themes that determine the effectiveness of the model: digital transformation, strengthening triple helix partnerships, sustainable competency development, and industry-based standardization and certification. Digital transformation through virtual reality-based simulations and digital learning platforms has increased training effectiveness by up to 48%. Triple helix partnerships increase graduate absorption rates by up to 78%. Sustainable competency development is essential, considering that 65% of jobs in 2030 will require skills that do not yet exist today. Industry-based standardization positively correlates with labour productivity, increasing it by 24%. The hypothetical Balai Latihan Kerja (BLK) model that integrates these four themes is expected to be a reference in preparing an adaptive, competitive workforce that is ready to face global challenges in the era of technological disruption.

This study is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) which aims to obtain an overview of the objectives of the application of the question and answer method as an effort to increase student activity in teaching and learning activities (KBM) in the subject of Fiqh in class X MIPA 3 MA Assathi' Sedan in the 2018/2019 academic year. This study was conducted in two cycles. In cycle I, the percentage of students who were active in learning reached 35.13%, while 64.87% of other students still did not show optimal activity, so improvements were made in the next cycle. In cycle II, the percentage of student activity increased significantly to 86.48%, so no further action was needed. The results of the study showed that (1) the application of the question and answer method can increase the activity of class X   3 MA Assathi' Sedan students, (2) students become more active in learning, ask more questions, and actively express their opinions, and (3) the classroom atmosphere becomes more lively with increased student responses and enthusiasm in participating in KBM. These findings provide a positive contribution for teachers and students in creating more interactive learning and encouraging critical thinking.

This study investigates the effectiveness of the Jigsaw cooperative learning model in enhancing fourth-grade students’ understanding of Asmaul Husna in elementary schools. The research employed a pre-test and post-test design, involving an experimental class that applied the Jigsaw method and a control class that used conventional teaching. Data were collected through written tests designed for elementary-level comprehension and observation sheets to record students’ learning activities. The results indicate that the Jigsaw model fosters greater student engagement, encourages collaboration, and facilitates a clearer understanding of the material, as students actively participate in sharing knowledge with peers. In addition, the method nurtures a sense of individual responsibility and improves communication skills among students. The teacher’s role as facilitator proved essential in guiding group interactions and ensuring that learning objectives were met effectively. These findings suggest that the Jigsaw model can serve as an effective alternative strategy for teaching Islamic Religious Education in elementary schools, particularly on topics such as Asmaul Husna that require not only cognitive understanding but also moral application in daily life.

The This study aims to explore the implementation of online learning of Teaching Skills and Microteaching courses, focusing on three main aspects: preparation, implementation, and evaluation of learning. This study also considers the challenges that arise due to student involvement in the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) program, which often affects the consistency of their participation in regular learning. This study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method with a case study design. The results showed that online learning was quite effective in conveying teaching skills theory through digital materials and asynchronous activities. However, teaching practice simulations faced several limitations, such as the difficulty of observing non-verbal elements, classroom management, and spontaneous responses of students during online simulations. Technical constraints, especially unstable internet connections, were also major obstacles in implementing learning. In addition, students involved in MBKM reported difficulties in dividing time between program assignments and regular course preparation, which impacted their participation and engagement.

Study explores the integration of eco theology into Christian higher education curricula, focusing on the role of faith based environmental education in fostering environmental stewardship. Introduction: As the global ecological crisis intensifies, there is a growing need to incorporate ecological ethics into religious education, preparing future leaders to address environmental challenges. By integrating eco theology with sustainability practices, students are encouraged to view environmental stewardship as a spiritual responsibility grounded in biblical teachings. Literature Review: Previous studies emphasize the success of faith based educational approaches in raising ecological awareness and fostering sustainable practices, particularly in Islamic and Christian communities. Eco theology combines theological principles with environmental ethics, offering a holistic perspective on sustainability. Materials and Method: This study employs a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data from interviews, surveys, and focus groups with students and faculty members at Christian institutions that integrate eco theology into their curriculum. The research examines changes in students' attitudes toward sustainability before and after participation in eco theology courses, focusing on practical applications of creation care. Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that the integration of eco theology significantly enhances students' ecological awareness and commitment to sustainability practices. Students report an increased understanding of the ethical and moral responsibility to care for creation, as well as greater engagement in community based conservation efforts. The results highlight the potential of eco theology as a transformative model in Christian higher education, equipping students with both ethical and practical tools to address the global ecological crisis.

The increasing need for buildings and land has the effect of increasing construction in the housing sector. However, it must be understood that a company is able to regulate the structure of its funds. The maximum fund structure has an effect on the size of the fund and its value. This lesson will explain each variable raised as a study topic. This learning takes a quantitative approach through purposive sampling. The analysis uses classical assumption testing, descriptive statistics, as well as hypotheses using multiple linear regression methods using SPSS 25.0. The total study sample was 110 samples. Personally shows that the scale has a good effect on the fund structure. LiquidityProfitability is bad for the structure of funds. Then, together with the independent variables, they have a significant effect on the structure of the funds.  

Learning Islamic Cultural History (SKI) at Madrasah Aliyah presents unique challenges, particularly in increasing students' interest and learning outcomes. Conventional methods such as lectures and memorization often result in low student engagement, leading to suboptimal understanding and poor learning outcomes. To address this issue, this study implements project-based learning (PjBL) as an alternative approach to enhance student learning outcomes. This study examines the effectiveness of project-based learning in improving student achievement in SKI subjects at Madrasah Aliyah 1 Kampar, specifically in class XI Science. Using the Kemmis and McTaggart classroom action research (CAR) model, the research was conducted in two cycles, involving planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. Data were collected through learning outcome tests, observation sheets, interviews, and student and teacher questionnaires. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed to comprehensively assess the effectiveness of this method. The findings indicate that implementing project-based learning positively impacts student learning outcomes. The average student score increased significantly from the first to the second cycle. Moreover, student engagement in learning activities improved, as seen in their active participation in discussions, material exploration, and teamwork on assigned projects. Additionally, this method helped students develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and collaboration skills essential in modern education. The study confirms that project-based learning is an effective strategy for enhancing SKI education in Madrasah Aliyah. These findings suggest that educators should adopt more innovative and interactive teaching methods to foster student engagement and deeper understanding in learning.

This study aims to determine the form of students' worship practices and how they understand and appreciate the worship they do. The research method used is field research with a qualitative approach. Data analysis techniques include the process of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Data validity testing is carried out through triangulation. The results of the study indicate that the worship taught and accustomed to students includes prayer, fasting, daily prayers, and reading and memorizing the Qur'an. Students have understood the laws of worship such as obligatory, sunnah, sin, reward, heaven, and hell. However, their understanding of the goals and benefits of the worship they carry out is still limited. The practice of worship has become a daily habit and shows a good level of obedience, indicating that the practice of worship has formed a personality (moral actions). However, the aspects of understanding (moral knowledge) and deep awareness (moral feelings) still need to be improved.

This research aims to increase students' interest in studying and understanding the pillars of Islam through the method of attaching pictures. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach at SDN Tambakaji 04 Semarang. The image affixing method is used to introduce the pillars of Islam interactively by arranging finger images that symbolize each pillar of Islam. The results of the research showed that students were very enthusiastic and showed that students were very enthusiastic and showed increased understanding in arranging the pillars of Islam sequentially. Through observations and interviews, it was found that almost all students could order the pillars of Islam correctly, starting from the shahada to the hajj. This sticking activity not only increases student engagement and retention, but also creates more fun, active and motivating learning. This research proves that the visual approach and method of attaching images is effective in increasing students' interest in learning and understanding.

This study aims to analyze the influence of internal combustion engine instructional tools on the competency achievement of cadets at the Indonesian Naval Academy Technical Corps. Using a mixed-methods research approach with sequential explanatory design, this study involved 160 cadets divided into experimental group (n=80) and control group (n=80). Quantitative data were collected through knowledge competency tests, practical skills assessments, and attitude scales, while qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and participatory observations. The results showed that internal combustion engine instructional tools had a positive and significant effect on cadet competency achievement in three domains: knowledge (Cohen's d = 1.56), practical skills (Cohen's d = 2.68), and learning attitudes (Cohen's d = 1.62). Multivariate analysis showed that the use of internal combustion engine instructional tools explained 68.8% of the variance in the combination of cadet competencies (Wilks' Lambda = 0.312, p<0.001). Qualitative findings identified four main themes: enhanced conceptual understanding, hands-on skills development, increased motivation and engagement, and implementation constraints. Mediation analysis showed that attitude served as a partial mediator in the relationship between instructional tools and competency achievement. The results confirm that internal combustion engine instructional tools are a crucial determinant factor in technical competency achievement, with significant implications for military technical education curriculum development and Indonesian Navy operational readiness.

This research aims to identify and analyze the essential instructional tools needed in gas turbine learning for cadets of the Naval Academy's engineering corps using a mixed-method approach with an explanatory sequential design involving 160 respondents, consisting of 120 engineering corps cadets, 15 instructors, and 25 field engineering officers. The research results identified 28 types of gas turbine instructional tools categorized into four groups, with simulators and software showing the highest level of importance (4.65/5.0), and there were significant differences in the perception of importance levels among the three groups of respondents (F(2,157) = 12.45, p < 0.001). The AHP analysis produced a priority framework in four levels, with Level 1 encompassing 5 essential instructional tools: gas turbine simulator (0.742), gas turbine cut-section model (0.698), control system trainer kit (0.681), interactive learning video (0.673), and troubleshooting simulator (0.667). Regression analysis showed that instructional tools significantly contribute to learning effectiveness (R² = 0.742), with the gas turbine simulator as the main predictor (β = 0.384), positively impacting the cognitive aspect with a 26.8% increase in concept understanding (effect size 1.24), the affective aspect with an increase in learning motivation and career interest from 67% to 84%, and the psychomotor aspect with a 33.7% increase in hands-on skills and a 28.5% reduction in troubleshooting time. The resulting priority framework provides strategic guidance for optimizing resources and gradually developing gas turbine learning capabilities in military educational institutions, despite facing major obstacles such as budget constraints, technology compatibility, lack of quality human resources, and limited laboratory infrastructure.

This research aims to analyze the benefits of learning shipbuilding theory for cadets of the Technical Corps at the Indonesian Naval Academy (AAL) using a mixed methods approach. The research results show that mastery of shipbuilding theory significantly enhances the technical competence of cadets, particularly in understanding ship structure, stability, hydrodynamics, and propulsion systems, and contributes to their operational readiness in the TNI AL environment. However, the main challenges identified include the complexity of the material, limited laboratory and simulator facilities, and the gap between classroom theory and real-world application on warships. The effectiveness of learning is greatly influenced by interactive teaching methods, instructor competence, and the support of learning facilities. This research recommends the development of an adaptive curriculum, increased investment in simulation technology, and collaboration with the maritime industry to enrich the cadets' learning experience. These findings are expected to serve as a basis for the evaluation and development of the shipbuilding theory curriculum at AAL, as well as a reference for other maritime educational institutions in designing more applicable and relevant learning programs that meet operational needs in the field.

Good financial management is an important skill that needs to be taught early on. The learning process of financial reporting at the high school level aims to provide students with a basic understanding of accounting principles and the ability to prepare financial reports. This activity is part of a community service program designed to improve financial literacy and prepare the younger generation to face future economic challenges. The method used involves a practical approach with the delivery of basic theory, case-based training, and evaluation of learning outcomes. The results of the activity showed an increase in students' understanding of financial reporting concepts, such as balance sheets, income statements, and cash flows. Further discussion highlighted the importance of integrating this material into the school curriculum so that students are better prepared to face the world of work and independent businesses.

The learning is targeted at observing each variable raised as the topic of this learning. This learning will be held at housing manufacturing companies that have been verified on the IDX since 2022-2023. This learning takes a quantitative approach using purposive sampling. To analyze the data through testing classical assumptions, descriptive statistics, as well as hypotheses from the media multiple regression method SPSS 25.0.  The total learning sample is worth 100. Based on the learning, It is observed that all independent variables have a significant effect on the dependent variable which has been verified on the BEI since2022-2023. However, partially the liquidity variable affects financial performance, while the leverage variable and company size have no partial effect on financial performance.

Lack of parental involvement in supporting children's education is one of the main challenges in efforts to improve the quality of education, especially at the elementary school level. This study aims to identify and analyze the factors that cause minimal parental involvement in children's education at SD Negeri Jatiroke 1. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that low parental participation is caused by several factors, including limited time due to work, low understanding of the importance of involvement in education, and lack of communication between schools and parents. The implications of this lack of involvement are seen in the less than optimal academic and social development of children. Therefore, it is recommended that there be a collaborative program between schools and parents to increase their participation in supporting children's education in a sustainable manner. It is hoped that through this approach, the quality of education at SD Negeri Jatiroke 1 can be improved and children's development needs can be met comprehensively

The aim of this research is to find out the influence of Augmented Reality use in on the learning outcomes of elementary school students. The research method used is quantitative with a Pre-Experimental design in the form of One-Group Pretest-Posttest. The sampling technique carried out were a non-probability sampling technique, total sampling type. The sample of this research was 34 students of class IV who were treated using Augmented Reality media. This research was carried out at one of the public elementary school in Bangkalan Madura Regency in the 2024/2025 academic year. The data collection techniques used are observation, tests and surveys. Data analysis techniques include prerequisite tests for normality, homogeneity and hypothesis testing. The research results show that there is an influence of the use of Augmented Reality media on the pre-test and post-test results of class IV students. With the results of the hypothesis test analysis, a sig (2-tailed) value <0.05 was obtained with a sig (2-tailed) value of 0.000. It can be concluded that the hypothesis Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of tilawah training in increasing students' love for the Qur'an at the Nurul Furqon An-Nuriyah Surabaya Al-Qur'an Education Park (TPQ). The method used is a qualitative approach with data collection through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The results of the study indicate that tilawah training carried out in a structured and systematic manner not only improves the ability to read the Qur'an, but also strengthens students' love and closeness to the Qur'an. Students showed increased interest and motivation in learning, and better understood the values ​​contained in the holy book. This study concludes that tilawah training is an effective strategy to build love for the Qur'an, and recommends the implementation of this program on an ongoing basis to achieve optimal results.

Laziness is a behavior that is often experienced by almost everyone, including students. As the next generation of the nation, students should have high enthusiasm in pursuing knowledge. Education is not only limited to the classroom; knowledge can be found anywhere and anytime. Therefore, it is important for students to try to overcome their lazy habits, because laziness can have detrimental effects. For example, if a student is lazy to study, he will lose the opportunity to gain useful knowledge. On the other hand, if the student is diligent in studying and is able to overcome laziness, they will gain broader knowledge and insight. Problems that often arise are the lack of enthusiasm from students in the learning process, non-compliance in completing assignments and taking notes, and the tendency to fall asleep or leave the classroom during the lesson. To overcome this problem, the method of implementing group guidance is carried out in three stages: First, starting with the introduction and delivery of material on the theme of "Learning", which aims to introduce the concept of effective learning and foster student interest. Second, an explanation of the material regarding "Learning Motivation" to encourage students to study hard for a brighter future. Third, the presentation of material on the theme "Why do we have to go to school?" which provides students with an understanding of the importance of education and the reasons to continue learning. Through this group guidance process, it is hoped that it can foster an effective learning spirit and encourage students to participate more actively in learning activities in the classroom.

Physics learning contains concepts, applications and calculations and analysis may cause students find physics lessons difficult to be understood and will definitely affect the thinking ability of students in solving physics problems. To attract students' interest in learning, teachers should make learning activities more interesting with learning models and media that can encourage students' interest, so that the initial teacher-oriented learning activities become student-oriented learning activities. The aim of this study was to determine the increasing of students' learning in class VII MTs Albadriyah by implementing a discovery learning model using PowerPoint on the concepts of work and energy. This method of study is Classroom Action Research (PTK), the use of PTK is aimed to solve the problems found in the classroom. The result found that physics learning outcomes by applying discovery learning model on the concept of effort and energy in cycle I and cycle II. For cycle I the total number of students who completed learning was 6 students from 15 students or 40%. In cycle II, it increased to 11 of 15 students or 73%. The increasing in student learning activities in cycle I is 37.78% while in the cycle II it improved significantly to 83.89%. For the teacher's activity, there is an increasing of cycle I is 34.09% while in cycle II is 79.55%