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The development of Society 5.0 requires Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning in MTs to transform into a more adaptive model that integrates technology while maintaining a focus on character formation. This article aims to identify the main problems in PAI learning at MTs and analyze the challenges and threats arising from digital educational changes. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach through literature review, educational policy analysis, and synthesized findings from the last five years. The results show that the central issues include teachers' digital competence, infrastructure readiness, value degradation due to digital distraction, and the mismatch between students’ character needs and technology-based learning demands. Society 5.0 offers opportunities for technology integration but also brings threats such as misinformation, digital dependency, and weakened value internalization when learning is not holistically designed. This study provides strategic recommendations for teachers, schools, and policymakers to strengthen PAI learning quality relevant to digital-era needs.  

This study aims to develop a Christian Religious Education learning model based on Tongkonan values to strengthen the spiritual identity of Toraja youth amid identity crisis caused by globalization. Using qualitative method with literature study, this research analyzes the integration of Tongkonan philosophical values such as karapasan, kasiuluran, and kasianggaran with theological principles of Christian Religious Education through contextual learning approach and narrative theology. The results show that Tongkonan values have strong resonance with Christian teachings and can be integrated into a learning model comprising five components: theological-cultural foundation, contextual curriculum design, experience-based learning strategies, the role of three educational centers, and authentic evaluation. Implementation of this model has significant implications for strengthening spiritual identity through formation of solid self-identity, authentic moral value internalization, and development of spiritual resilience. This Tongkonan values-based Christian Religious Education learning model bridges the dichotomy between modernity and tradition, making Christian Religious Education more relevant and meaningful for Toraja students by equipping them with a holistic identity as Toraja people who are also followers of Christ.  

Prompt injection has emerged as a critical security threat for Large Language Models (LLMs), exploiting their inability to separate instructions from data within application contexts reliably. This paper provides a structured review of current attack vectors, including direct and indirect prompt injection, and highlights the limitations of existing defenses, with particular attention to the fragility of Known-Answer Detection (KAD) against adaptive attacks such as DataFlip. To address these gaps, we propose a novel, hybrid, multi-layered detection framework that operates in real-time. The architecture integrates heuristic pre-filtering for rapid elimination of obvious threats, semantic analysis using fine-tuned transformer embeddings for detecting obfuscated prompts, and behavioral pattern recognition to capture subtle manipulations that evade earlier layers. Our hybrid model achieved an accuracy of 0.974, precision of 1.000, recall of 0.950, and an F1 score of 0.974, indicating strong and balanced detection performance. Unlike prior siloed defenses, the framework proposes coverage across input, semantic, and behavioral dimensions. This layered approach offers a resilient and practical defense, advancing the state of security for LLM-integrated applications.

Social and environmental responsibility as part of business ethics. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is an important strategy in building and maintaining a company's image in the public eye. This study aims to analyze how the CSR strategy implemented by PT. Kompas Gramedia through the Kampung Koran program maintains the company's image. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through in-depth interviews and documentation. The theory used is the CSR strategy from Coombs and Holladay which includes five stages: scanning, conducting, creating, communicating, and evaluating. In addition, the image formation theory from John M. Tiedemann was also used to analyze the process of forming a company's image. The results show that the Kampung Koran Program of PT. Kompas Gramedia demonstrates a planned and participatory CSR strategy. Through scanning and monitoring as well as conducting formative initiatives, the company is able to map community needs and design programs based on local potential. At the create CSR stage, the focus is directed at empowering housewives with skills in processing used newspapers, then strengthened through communicate CSR with communicative narrative techniques that touch public emotions, and is periodically evaluated at the evaluation stage to maintain relevance and sustainability. This process contributes directly to the formation of the company's image. Starting with a creative idea to recycle newspapers, a positive perception emerged that the program brings tangible benefits.

Advances in in vitro fertilization (IVF) technology have expanded the scope of reproductive interventions, from simply addressing infertility to enabling genetic selection of embryos through preimplantation genetic testing (PGT). This advancement not only enables the detection and prevention of severe genetic diseases, but also opens up opportunities for the selection of non-medical traits such as intelligence potential, physical characteristics, or specific polygenic scores, giving rise to the phenomenon of “designer babies.” This development presents complex bioethical issues related to human dignity, social justice, biological safety, and the right of children to have an open future. This paper aims to analyze the ethical issues of selecting non-medical characteristics of embryos in modern IVF through a literature review using a biomedical ethics framework, including the principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. The findings show that the application of technology for non-medical purposes is still fraught with scientific risks, biological uncertainties, the potential for commercialization of humans, and the threat of socio-biological inequality. This analysis emphasizes the need to restrict the use of technology to clear medical indications, increase regulation and governance, and involve the public in policy formulation. Thus, advances in reproductive technology must be accompanied by strict ethical considerations so as not to sacrifice individual dignity and the value of justice in society.

The development of thematic teaching materials at the elementary school level requires a deep understanding of students’ learning needs to ensure that the presented material is relevant, contextual, and capable of improving learning outcomes. This study aims to analyze the learning needs of elementary school students as a basis for developing effective thematic teaching materials. Literature related to learning needs, teaching material design, integrated thematic approaches, and the characteristics of students’ cognitive development were analyzed comprehensively. The results of the study indicate that students’ learning needs include contextual material, concrete visualizations, collaborative activities, and varied learning media. Challenges include limitations of teachers in conducting needs analysis, suboptimal utilization of technology, and the suitability of material to the local context. This article provides strategic recommendations for designing student-needs-based thematic teaching materials that are adaptive, engaging, and competency-oriented.

This study examines the modern Islamic thought developed by Amin Abdullah, particularly through the concept of integrative and interconnective Islam. The main issue discussed is the fragmentation between religious sciences (naqliyah) and modern sciences (‘aqliyah) in the contemporary Islamic knowledge corpus. The purpose of this research is to analyze Amin Abdullah’s efforts in reconstructing the epistemology of Islamic knowledge through the integration of these two domains of knowledge. This research uses a qualitative-descriptive approach with a literature study method, analyzing Amin Abdullah's key works and relevant academic discourses. The results show that the integrative-interconnective paradigm offered by Amin Abdullah provides a holistic framework for understanding Islam in the modern era. This approach encourages a dialogical relationship between religion, science, and social reality, ensuring that Islamic thought remains relevant and dynamic amidst global changes. The study concludes that Amin Abdullah's perspective makes a significant contribution to the renewal of Islamic scholarship by bridging tradition and modernity. Thus, this integrative-interconnective perspective is expected to enrich the development of Islamic thought in a more inclusive and open manner.

Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) is a pedagogical approach that links the learning material to students' everyday life, making the learning process more meaningful and easier to understand. The aim of this literature review is to identify the effectiveness of context-based teaching materials in enhancing students' conceptual understanding, motivation, and learning outcomes in elementary schools. Studies focusing on the development of teaching materials, interactive modules, contextual worksheets, and e-modules were analyzed in depth. The findings show that the contextual approach consistently enhances student engagement, conceptual understanding, and critical thinking skills. However, several challenges need to be addressed, such as limited resources, lack of teacher competence, and the scarcity of relevant local learning resources. This article provides strategic recommendations related to the development and implementation of more effective and sustainable context-based teaching materials, taking into account resource availability and the improvement of teacher competencies to ensure the success of contextual learning in elementary schools.

Kopirates Maumere is a local micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) engaged in the processing and marketing of specialty coffee products from Sikka Regency. This study aims to analyze the management strategies implemented by the MSME based on interviews with the business owner. The research focuses on product strategy, marketing, operations, business development, and the challenges faced in running the MSME amid increasingly competitive market conditions. The research method employs a descriptive qualitative approach through in-depth interviews and direct observation. The results indicate that Kopirates Maumere applies a product differentiation strategy by highlighting the quality of local coffee, supported by increasingly developed digital marketing. The MSME also strives for operational efficiency despite facing challenges related to limited capital and production equipment. This study concludes that adaptive management strategies based on local potential are crucial for maintaining MSME sustainability. Furthermore, improved managerial capacity along with support from the government and local communities is needed to strengthen the MSME’s position in a broader market.

The development of information and communication technology in the digital era has increased access to and productivity of scholarly publications, while also creating challenges in managing academic literature and references. Final-year students, particularly those from non–Information Technology programs, often experience difficulties in organizing references systematically, maintaining citation consistency, and avoiding unintentional plagiarism. This article aims to describe the implementation and outcomes of a community service program that provided training on the use of Mendeley as a personal digital library for managing scholarly literature. The program was conducted over two days using a participatory and hands-on approach involving students from Universitas Tamansiswa in Padang. The training methods included conceptual lectures, live demonstrations, and practical sessions covering Mendeley installation, reference management, automatic citation, and bibliography generation. The results indicate improvements in participants’ understanding and skills in reference management, as well as increased awareness of academic integrity. Overall, the training proved effective in enhancing efficiency and writing quality in the preparation of theses or final projects.

Stunting remains one of the major chronic nutritional problems in Indonesia, including in Oesapa Village, Kelapa Lima District, Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This condition is not only caused by inadequate nutritional intake but is also closely related to chronic infections resulting from poor hygiene and sanitation, particularly intestinal parasitic diseases. To reduce the risk of parasitic infections and improve children’s nutritional status, preventive efforts through education and health promotion are essential.This community service activity aimed to increase public awareness and knowledge, especially among parents and caregivers of stunted children, regarding the importance of maintaining hygiene and sanitation to prevent intestinal parasitic diseases. The methods used included participatory approaches such as interactive lectures, group discussions, and practical demonstrations of clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS), food hygiene, clean water management, and household waste disposal. Evaluation was conducted using pre-test and post-test instruments to measure changes in participants’ knowledge.The activities, carried out from May to September 2025 in Oesapa Village, showed a significant improvement in community understanding of hygiene and sanitation practices. Participants demonstrated greater commitment to maintaining environmental cleanliness and adopting healthier daily behaviors. Continuous educational efforts and multisectoral support are needed to help reduce the prevalence of stunting in the region

In the learning process, educators often face challenges in helping students achieve optimal learning outcomes. One of the contributing factors is the dominance of teacher-centered learning models, which frequently leads to low student engagement and reduced motivation. This condition affects students’ curiosity, particularly in Science learning, which requires active participation and exploration. Therefore, innovative teaching materials are needed to encourage student involvement while simultaneously stimulating their curiosity. One alternative that can be utilized is the Student Worksheet (Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik/LKPD), which can be designed systematically and contextually to support active learning. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using LKPD in enhancing students’ curiosity in Grade VII Science learning at SMPN 1 Sanrobone. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach carried out in two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The findings indicate a significant increase in students’ curiosity after the implementation of LKPD, as shown by improvements in questioning behavior, interest in the material, and the ability to observe and explore scientific phenomena. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the use of LKPD is effective in fostering students’ curiosity and contributes to a more interactive and meaningful Science learning experience.

This community service program was carried out to enhance the technological literacy of residents in Telang Sari Village through the introduction of an automated street lighting system based on sensor technology. The system presented to the community utilizes an Arduino microcontroller integrated with an LDR sensor to detect light intensity and an ultrasonic sensor to identify the presence of nearby objects. With this configuration, the street lights operate automatically: they turn on when the environment becomes dark and an object is detected, and turn off when the surroundings are bright or no activity is detected in the sensing area. The program activities included device installation, technical explanation, and a live demonstration to ensure that residents comprehended its functions and benefits. Additionally, the use of solar panels was introduced as an alternative power source to support sustainable operation without relying on grid electricity. The results of the program showed a positive response from the community, as the system was considered effective in improving nighttime safety, reducing energy consumption, and requiring minimal maintenance. Overall, this activity successfully increased public understanding of automation technology and renewable energy applications suitable for rural community development.

This community service program was carried out to enhance the technological literacy of residents in Telang Sari Village through the introduction of an automated street lighting system based on sensor technology. The system presented to the community utilizes an Arduino microcontroller integrated with an LDR sensor to detect light intensity and an ultrasonic sensor to identify the presence of nearby objects. With this configuration, the street lights operate automatically: they turn on when the environment becomes dark and an object is detected, and turn off when the surroundings are bright or no activity is detected in the sensing area. The program activities included device installation, technical explanation, and a live demonstration to ensure that residents comprehended its functions and benefits. Additionally, the use of solar panels was introduced as an alternative power source to support sustainable operation without relying on grid electricity. The results of the program showed a positive response from the community, as the system was considered effective in improving nighttime safety, reducing energy consumption, and requiring minimal maintenance. Overall, this activity successfully increased public understanding of automation technology and renewable energy applications suitable for rural community development.

This community service article aims to improve the marketing capacity of UMKM Tri.Crochet Situgede through the implementation of an integrated digital marketing strategy. The method used is qualitative with a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach, involving collaboration between the implementation team and the UMKM owners. The program includes need assessment, branding improvement, promotional content creation, product photography, and optimization of Instagram and TikTok as the primary marketing platforms. Training and technical assistance were provided to enable UMKM to independently create content, manage posting schedules, and expand promotional reach. The results show a significant improvement in visual content quality, audience engagement, account reach, and product visibility. This directly impacted the increase in product sales. The findings indicate that an effective digital marketing strategy can enhance the competitiveness and market penetration of creative UMKM. Ongoing mentoring also proved crucial in ensuring the sustainability of marketing practices applied to handmade craft UMKM, allowing them to continue growing in an increasingly competitive market.

A market is a place where buying and selling transactions take place between sellers and buyers at a specific time and place. This definition encompasses several key elements: the presence of sellers, buyers, a specific place and time, and a transaction agreement. Such markets are also known as traditional markets. "Surprise" or "overflow" markets are markets that open suddenly and briefly. "Surprise" or "overflow" markets are increasingly common in various locations. There are many reasons why people enjoy shopping at these markets. One example is the very low prices, especially compared to shopping at supermarkets or malls. Over time, with the increasing demand for basic necessities, the "surprise" market, located along the road in the Vila Mutiara Cikarang housing complex, has also experienced gradual development. The number of traders and buyers has increased, the trading space has expanded, and transaction times have decreased. This "surprise" market is located along the road in the Vila Mutiara Cikarang housing complex, starting from the second block to the end of the road exiting the housing complex. The "surprise" market operates during peak hours, especially in the morning, when this time is not only for market activities but also for many activities such as going to work, school, and other activities.

In engineering practice, various methods have been implemented to stabilize landslide-prone slopes, one of which is the use of bore piles. Bore piles are structures that hold back soil and make slopes more stable by reinforcing the ground inside them. However, the application of bore piles in landslide mitigation presents its own challenges, making it essential to identify and anticipate potential issues that may arise in field engineering practice. Bore piles are installed vertically, either parallel or staggered, at specific spacing and are often combined with capping beams and struts to resist soil movement and provide lateral restraint. This method is commonly applied to high-risk slopes or critical infrastructures such as roads, bridges, and buildings. Anticipation strategies in engineering practice consist of three stages: planning, implementation, and long-term maintenance, with this study focusing specifically on anticipation strategies during the implementation stage. Although bore piles serve as an effective solution to reduce landslide risk, their success depends heavily on proper planning, construction execution, and maintenance. Issues such as soil conditions, construction quality, and external factors must be addressed through a comprehensive engineering approach.

The development of science and technology generally brings positive impacts in terms of convenience in various human activities, but on the other hand, it also leads to negative consequences such as an increase in waste. One of the significant wastes produced from construction activities, including building and house construction, is feldspar, which typically comes from leftover ceramic materials. Feldspar is a type of waste that is difficult to decompose naturally and has no economic value, often accumulating and polluting the environment. Therefore, innovation is needed to utilize this waste to create value. This study aims to use feldspar powder as a replacement for fine aggregates in K-200 grade concrete mixtures. The research method involved mixing feldspar powder in specific proportions as a substitute for sand, followed by a series of tests, including compressive strength and flexural tests, to determine the feasibility and performance of the resulting concrete. The results indicate that the use of feldspar powder as a fine aggregate produces a concrete mixture with satisfactory mechanical characteristics, meeting the K-200 concrete standards. These findings not only provide an alternative environmentally friendly material but also offer a solution to reduce ceramic waste, contributing positively to sustainable construction.

The rapid growth of digital financial technology has introduced new economic instruments that require re-evaluation through the lens of Islamic economic law, one of which is Bitcoin. This study aims to analyze the legal standing of Bitcoin as a means of transaction and investment using a normative legal approach. Data were obtained through extensive literature review involving primary and secondary sources, including Islamic jurisprudence, maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, qawā‘id fiqhiyyah, official fatwas, and contemporary technological and economic studies. The analysis employed normative and reconstructive methods to assess the compatibility of Bitcoin’s characteristics with the principles of Islamic law. The findings indicate that Bitcoin may be classified as a form of digital māl because it possesses utility, can be lawfully owned, and is tradable within open market mechanisms. However, its extreme price volatility, limited public acceptance, and absence of state-backed legitimacy make it unsuitable as a lawful medium of exchange in Islamic transactions. Conversely, Bitcoin may be permitted as an investment instrument under strict conditions, provided the activity avoids speculative motives, ensures transparency, and follows prudent financial conduct. Based on these assessments, this study concludes that Bitcoin is more appropriately categorized as a digital commodity rather than a transactional currency. This research contributes conceptually to the development of sharia-compliant crypto-asset regulations and opens avenues for further exploration on designing more stable and ethically aligned digital financial instruments.

Acne vulgaris (AV) is a common dermatological condition affecting adolescents and young adults, with multifactorial causes including hormonal influences, increased follicular keratinization, excessive sebum production, and colonization by Cutibacterium acnes. External factors, particularly skincare behavior, are also considered to play an important role. The use of skincare products that are unsuitable for skin type or contain comedogenic ingredients such as mineral oil, lanolin, and certain silicones may clog pores and exacerbate acne. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between skincare product selection and usage behavior, types of skincare products used, and frequency of use with the occurrence of acne vulgaris among female medical students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, cohorts 2022–2024. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. Primary data were collected through an online questionnaire, while secondary data were obtained from the student directory. A total of 90 respondents were selected using stratified random sampling. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. The results showed a significant association between skincare product selection and usage behavior and the occurrence of acne vulgaris (p = 0.043), as well as between the type of skincare products used and acne incidence (p < 0.001). However, no significant relationship was found between the frequency of skincare product use and acne vulgaris (p = 0.116). These findings indicate that appropriate product selection and type are more influential in acne development than usage frequency.