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This study aims to see and find out how education in India and its comparison with Indonesian education which includes the education system in India, character and physical education in India and Indonesia, coding learning and its comparison. This comparison provides insight for the improvement of the education system in India and in Indonesia. Basic Education Institutions are responsible for developing and implementing national character education in order to advance the nation's civilization, and produce quality human beings in all dimensions of their personality. Although in general, the educational curriculum in each country has similarities, but specifically each country has a unique difference between the education of one country and another, as well as the comparison of Indonesian and Indian education. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques with literature studies.

Village development is an effort to improve the quality of life and life for the greatest welfare of village communities. Meanwhile, the aim of village development is stated in article 78 paragraph 1, namely improving the welfare of village communities and the quality of human life as well as overcoming poverty through fulfilling basic needs, developing village facilities and infrastructure, developing local economic potential, and using natural resources and the environment in a sustainable manner. As is the case with village development, Watu Wona Village is one with a majority of farmers, which is an example of a road access development plan that really needs assistance from the government in its construction to support the production and sale of agricultural products. Infrastructure is still lacking, damaged infrastructure roads make access to the village difficult. As a result, the flow of goods and services to villages to transport agricultural products is also lacking and hampered. Based on the existing problems, village development planning is needed using a decision support system (SPK) so that village selection in Watu Wona village is faster and more accurate. By using the SAW method comparison

This study discusses the history and education system in Turkey, focusing on the developments and challenges faced. Turkey, as a country located in the Eurasian region, has a centralized education system and is managed according to the provisions set by Mustafa Kamal Ataturk. The purpose of this education system is to produce skilled, productive, and creative individuals in the era of reform. Some important points raised in this study include: Quality of Education, although there are many quality higher education institutions, the global ranking of the Turkish education system still needs to be improved. Improving the quality of teaching and curriculum development are key to facing this challenge. Educational Inequality, there is inequality in access to education, especially in rural areas. Although basic education is mandatory, there are still areas in Turkey that experience limited access to education, which creates a gap between urban and rural areas. Educational Reform, since 2012, the structure of education in Turkey has changed, where students must complete upper secondary education which is now mandatory. Previously, students completed basic education for eight years and secondary education for three years. Comparison with Indonesia, the education system in Turkey has similarities with Indonesia, especially in the use of a modern system in implementing the curriculum in universities. However, Turkey has greater academic autonomy in universities. Investment in Education, Turkey has invested in education through the "2023 Eğitim Vizyonu" program to improve the quality and accessibility of education. However, challenges such as educational inequality still need to be addressed. This study is expected to provide deeper insight into the education system in Turkey and the challenges faced, as well as comparisons with education systems in other countries, especially Indonesia.    

The education systems in China and Indonesia have significant differences, although both aim to create an educated generation. In China, education focuses on the development of technical and academic skills with a highly structured and competitive system, especially through the Gaokao exam that determines students’ academic futures. Meanwhile, Indonesia places more emphasis on cultural diversity and character development, with a more inclusive learning approach based on social values. These differences are clearly reflected in the educational structure, curriculum, teaching methods, and assessment systems, which align with the social and economic needs of each country.

This research aims to analyze the comparison of lowland rice harvest costs between traditional methods and the use of combine harvester technology in Padang Siring Village, Seginim District, South Bengkulu Regency. A total of 56 farmers were research respondents, consisting of 28 farmers using combine harvesters and 28 farmers using traditional methods. Primary data was collected through observation and interviews, while secondary data came from related agency documents. The research results show that the average cost of harvesting using traditional methods reaches IDR 2,560,000, while the cost of harvesting using a Combine Harvester is IDR 1,865,000, with a cost difference of IDR 695,000. Combine Harvester provides higher cost efficiency because it only requires IDR 500/kg for production wages and harvest time is shorter, namely one day for one hectare. In contrast, traditional methods require more labor and time, so they are more expensive. Reasons why farmers choose traditional methods include muddy land conditions, narrow rice fields, and inconsistent harvests. This research concludes that the use of a Combine Harvester is more efficient in terms of cost and time, but its implementation is still hampered by land conditions. It is hoped that this study can become a reference in encouraging the adoption of appropriate technology in the agricultural sector to support sustainable food self-sufficiency.

Communication technology is experiencing rapid development. The internet and digital devices are the result of technological developments. With the internet and digital devices, it is possible to carry out various activities, for example pastoral activities such as online fellowhsip. Online fellowship is increasingly developing following technological advances. Online fellowship began to be widely carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this research is to find out more about online fellowship, its comparison with on-site fellowship and the opinions of Christians regarding online fellowship. The results of this research can be used to answer the dilemma of Christians who practice online fellowship.

This research is motivated by damage to hair which causes hair loss. Several Padang State University students experienced abnormal hair loss. The way to treat hair loss is to use shampoo made from flower extract. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of hair loss treatment using cosmetic hibiscus extract shampoo at a frequency of 2 days once and 3 days once used. This research uses pure experimental methods. The sample in this research was 6 cosmetology and beauty students from the class of 2023. Data collection techniques use observation methods, documentation and assessment sheets. The data analysis technique used is the normality test, homogeneity test and independent sample test with SPSS 26. The normality test results show a sig>0.01 value, namely 200, which is normally distributed. In the homogeneity test results, the value of sig>0.01, the Levene statistic result is 1.066, indicating that the results have a homogeneous variance. The results of the independent simple test using spss26 were nil. ai sig >0.01, namely 0.660, shows that there is a comparison between the effect of using shampoo from hibiscus extract in the 2 day 1 treatment with the 3 day 1 treatment. From the results of the effect of using hibiscus extract shampoo, treatment 2 days 1 time is more effective or faster to prevent hair loss.

User satisfaction in a health system is defined as the way the person perceived the service and its judgements about the care received. In Indonesia, health provider who could give dental treatments are Dentist, Dental Specialist, and Dental Co-ass Students under the supervision of Dentist in Charge of Service (DPJP) and under applicable laws and regulations. The objective of this research was to analyze whether there was a significant difference between patient’s satisfaction towards dental and oral treatment by dental co-ass students and dentist practitioner on RSGMP Jendreral Soedirman University, and measured using the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire-18 (PSQ-18) that was modified according to field condition. Hypothesis of this research was there was a significant difference between patient satisfaction who received dental and oral treatment by co-ass students and dentist practitioner on RSGMP Jenderal Soedirman University. Result show that patient received treatment from general dentist showed higher level of satisfaction compared to patient received treatment from dental co-ass. The management of RSGMP Universitas jenderal Soedirman as a service provider needs to evaluate aspects which are still lacking in order to improve the quality of health services. Further research is needed to compare between patient satisfaction at RSGMP Universitas Jenderal Soedirman and patient satisfaction at other hospitals.

This study aims to determine the Application of Differential Costs in Decision Making to rent or buy fixed assets (musical instruments) in the field of musical instrument rental. This type of research is quantitative research. Data is obtained through primary and secondary data. This research was conducted in 2020 to 2022. Data collection techniques through interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques are carried out by identifying data on interview costs, observations and documentation at the New Arista Orchestra. Based on the results of the analysis, these relevant costs can be used as considerations for the company in making decisions. With the alternative of buying, it will save costs of IDR 76,257,322.93 or 2.7% in making decisions with the alternative of buying or renting heavy equipment, it is better to consider the expenses that will be incurred from the two alternatives with relevant costs so that the decisions taken can benefit the company. The results of the comparison using the differential costs above. it can be concluded that differential cost analysis is very useful for the new Orchestra in making better decisions taken by the orchestra is to buy because it is more profitable than renting musical instruments.

The appointment of Constitutional Court Judges between one country and another certainly has similarities and differences. This is greatly influenced by the history, state system and political situation of a country. Therefore, a problem is formulated regarding the characteristics of the mechanism for appointing constitutional court judges between Indonesia and Thailand. This study aims to determine and analyze the differences in filling constitutional court judge positions between Indonesia and Thailand. The study uses a normative legal method using primary, secondary, and tertiary data because by using this method, this study can produce descriptive data obtained from written words related to the object of the writing. This study also uses a comparative method between Indonesia and Thailand. The results of this study indicate that there are significant differences regarding the mechanism for appointing constitutional judges. Indonesia was proposed by three state institutions with their respective procedures, then Thailand was proposed by the Judicial institution and a special committee was formed to select constitutional judges.    

This research is motivated by the rampant moral decadence that needs attention. Underlining the responsibility of parents and educators in educating children, including the importance of the right method to shape children's faith, morals, knowledge, mentality, and social. Sheikh Nawawi Al Bantani and Abdullah Nashih 'Ulwan were appointed as the main focus because of their influential thoughts in the context of children's education. The purpose of this study is to describe, compare, and analyze the relevance of the thoughts of the two figures regarding children's education in the context of contemporary Islamic education. This study uses a Qualitative Descriptive-Analytical approach with a literature review nature. The data obtained are sourced from primary data as the main reference obtained from a book entitled Tarbiyatul Aulad Fil Islam by Dr. Abdullah Nashih 'Ulwan and the book Tanqih Al-Qaul by Sheikh Nawawi Al-Bantani. While secondary data is obtained from journals, expert books, and previous scientific articles. Descriptive in explaining the arguments and comparison of the two concepts and methods, analysis to describe the contents in depth. In this study it was found that the educational methods proposed by Sheikh Nawawi al-Bantani and Abdullah Nashih have similarities even though the approaches and implementations are different, both discuss Islamic education that prioritizes noble morals which are very relevant considering the contemporary era which is full of moral crises.

This study focuses on examining the comparison between the principles of general criminal law and military law applied in the justice system, through a comparative method with a normative juridical approach used as a comparative identification process of the two legal systems which includes the process of examination, trial, sentencing and consideration of legal principles. The difference in nature between general criminal law and military law is that general criminal law (Commune delicta) which anyone can carry out, is the opposite of Military Law as a special crime (Delicta proparia) which can only be carried out by certain people, in this case by a military man. Based on a literature study to see the principles of implementing the two laws, this study aims to show how the comparison of the two systems is applied, reviewing aspects of Human Rights, Justice and Legal Certainty in the legal justice system in Indonesia.

Comparative studies of education are an approach used to compare various educational systems in different countries or cultures with the aim of understanding differences and similarities in educational practices.This research aims to explain the basic concepts of comparative education studies and the importance of this study in efforts to improve the quality of education globally.The data collection used by researchers is a literature study by studying and citing several sources from textbooks, articles, journals, modules and other publications. This comparative research is important to generate a better understanding of effective educational practices and to provide useful insights for educational reform in different countries.

The education system in Singapore is known for its effective teaching methods and high academic results in international tests. This makes education in Singapore can be said to be advanced. The education system in Singapore has evolved from the traditional British education model to be more adaptive and innovative, with a focus on individual and talent development. Singapore is also implementing various educational reforms to increase global competitiveness, such as "Thinking Schools, Learning Nation" which encourages critical thinking skills. This research aims to analyze the education system in Singapore as a comparison with Indonesia. The research method used is library research where data sources are obtained from books, articles, journals and other reading materials. This research can produce knowledge about the education system in Singapore and comparisons with Indonesia.

Adultery, which in Islam is defined as sexual intercourse outside of a legal marriage, is one of the major sins. Islamic law strictly prohibits and imposes severe sanctions on perpetrators of adultery, both men and women. In the Qur'an, adultery is referred to as an act that damages morals and social order. Sanctions for perpetrators of adultery in Islamic law are included in the category of hudud punishments, which have fixed provisions from Allah and are strictly regulated in the Shari'a. The purpose of this study is to analyze how Islamic law imposes sanctions on adultery and the role of these punishments in maintaining the morality of society, to examine how the Criminal Code in Indonesia regulates adultery, and to consider the differences in sanctions applied in positive law, to compare the perspectives of Islamic law and the Criminal Code in dealing with cases of adultery, both in terms of legal substance and enforcement in Indonesia, to identify the relevance of each legal system in dealing with adultery in the modern era, considering the differences in culture and views of society. In Islamic law, adultery has very severe sanctions. If the perpetrator of adultery is a married person, the punishment is stoning or stoning to death, while for those who are not married, the punishment is 100 lashes. This research method uses a qualitative approach with a normative juridical method to analyze the comparison between Islamic law and the Criminal Code in regulating adultery. The results of this study indicate that Islamic law emphasizes the importance of testimony and strong evidence in the process of enforcing the punishment for adultery, namely that there must be four witnesses who directly witnessed the act. Meanwhile, in the Criminal Code, adultery is not given the same severe sanctions as in Islamic law. The Criminal Code only provides imprisonment for adultery perpetrators who are proven guilty, especially if the act involves married parties. Article 284 of the Criminal Code regulates a maximum prison sentence of nine months for those who commit adultery. Unlike Islamic law, the Criminal Code focuses more on maintaining public order and family honor than on individual morality according to religion.

The increasing frequency and severity of tsunamis in coastal areas underscore the urgent need for efficient Tsunami Early Warning Systems (TEWS). This research aims to optimize TEWS by integrating fast computational tsunami wave modeling to enhance prediction speed and accuracy. The study utilizes numerical simulations employing finite volume methods, along with GPU acceleration, to model tsunami wave propagation and its impact on coastal areas. Machine learning techniques, such as regression trees, are incorporated to analyze large datasets of pre-computed tsunami simulations for accurate forecasting. The results reveal that by applying rapid computational methods, detection time can be reduced by up to 7 minutes, particularly for near-field tsunamis. This significant time-saving enables more effective evacuation procedures and better disaster mitigation efforts. In comparison to conventional systems, the fast computation model also provides more accurate predictions, including tsunami heights and arrival times. The implications of these findings suggest that fast computational methods can substantially improve the current TEWS, allowing for quicker and more reliable tsunami warnings. Moreover, the integration of advanced machine learning techniques ensures the system's adaptability and robustness in predicting tsunami behaviors based on varying data inputs. The potential for implementing this model in tsunami-prone regions worldwide is considerable, offering an improved approach to tsunami disaster preparedness and response. By reducing detection time and enhancing prediction accuracy, the optimized TEWS can significantly minimize loss of life and infrastructure damage, making it a valuable tool for global disaster management strategies.  

The rapid development of technology has introduced various language learning resources, including podcasts, which offer authentic audio input but are often underutilized and lack structured application in EFL classrooms. Integrating gamification into podcasts represents a promising approach to enhance students’ engagement, motivation, and learning outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the impact of gamified podcasts on EFL students’ listening comprehension, learning motivation, and content retention. A quasi-experimental design was employed, involving university-level EFL students divided into an experimental group (gamified podcasts with interactive quizzes, leaderboards, and badges) and a control group (non-gamified podcasts). Pre-tests and post-tests assessed listening comprehension, motivation, and retention, with statistical comparisons conducted using t-tests and ANOVA. The results indicate that students exposed to gamified podcasts demonstrated significant improvements in listening comprehension, motivation, and retention compared to their peers in the control group. The interactive and competitive elements of gamification encouraged repeated engagement, active participation, and deeper cognitive processing of audio materials, which strengthened long-term memory and overall learning outcomes. These findings suggest that gamified podcast-based learning not only enriches traditional listening practices but also fosters a more engaging, motivating, and effective EFL learning environment. Consequently, integrating gamification into podcast instruction is recommended as an innovative strategy to support language acquisition and enhance students’ sustained involvement in learning activities.

This study aims to analyze the comparative law on inheritance in the Islamic legal system, civil law, and its impact on Indonesian implementations. The research method used is normative juridical with a statute approach and a conceptual approach, which focuses on analyzing applicable legal documents and norms. This study discusses the characteristics of each legal system, including differences in the distribution of inheritance, the obligations of heirs to the debts of the testator, and the inheritance mechanism regulated in the Civil Code (KUHPerdata) and Islamic inheritance law. Furthermore, this study explores the impact of implementing the two legal systems in Indonesia, considering the diversity of Indonesian society that influences the implementation of inheritance law. The results are expected to provide deeper insight into how the two legal systems interact and influence inheritance practices in Indonesia.

This article is entitled "Development of the Education System in South Korea". This article was written with the aim of analyzing and clarifying the comparison of the Korean and Indonesian curricula in more detail. The type of research used in this research is library research. The data source for this research is a journal or scientific article. This research uses data and information collection methods using technology in the form of computers and various library and internet sources such as books, magazines, articles and similar research results. The aim of this research is to consider methods and steps that can be taken to improve the quality of education through comparative educational analysis research. This research shows that there are differences between the two countries, namely in their curriculum. The Korean curriculum focuses on providing students with skills that prepare them to enter the world of work. On the other hand, the Indonesian curriculum focuses on responding to the challenges of the 4.0 revolution era. Therefore, considering that there are still many unresolved unemployment problems in Indonesia, Indonesia needs to emulate several Korean education curricula, especially to prepare students to be ready to enter the world of work.

This study examines the comparative regulation of the Business Judgment Rule (BJR) between countries adopting Civil and Common Law systems. BJR is a principle that grants corporate decision-makers the discretion to make business decisions without fear of legal liability, provided that the decisions are made in good faith, are reasonable, and free from conflicts of interest. This research aims to identify the similarities and differences in the regulation of BJR between civil law and common law countries and analyze the factors contributing to these differences. This research employs a normative juridical method with a legislative and comparative law approach. These approaches are utilized to analyze relevant national and international legislation and compare the application of BJR in Indonesia with that of other countries, such as the United States and European nations. The findings are expected to provide insights into the philosophical and practical differences in the regulation and implementation of BJR across these two legal systems.