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This study uses a one group pretest posttest design model. posttest on the correlation between vocabulary mastery, reading habits, while pretest with conventional learning, then both groups were measured with the same measuring instrument. To test whether the two data (variables) are the same or different, a t-test was conducted. The t-test obtained a t count of 2.082 with α = 0.05 and t table = 1.725. The testing criteria in the one-tailed test are Ho is rejected and H1 is accepted if t count > t table. The hypothesis can be accepted because t count > t table, namely 2.082 > 1.725. The results of student learning completeness show a significant percentage, namely the pretest gets 10 (50%) students who have not completed and 10 (50%) students who have completed after being carried out on the correlation between vocabulary mastery, reading habits get completeness posttest learning results 18 (88.89%) students who have completed and 2 (11.11%) students who have not completed. It was concluded that through the correlation between vocabulary mastery, students' reading habits can achieve learning completeness because it is one indicator of the effectiveness of this research. The conclusion is that the correlation between vocabulary mastery, reading habits is effective in achieving English reading comprehension for fifth grade students of Gunungsari 01 Pati State Elementary School. Based on the results of this study, the suggestion obtained is that the correlation between vocabulary mastery and reading habits be used as an alternative for teachers to teach English in class.

This study aims to describe the utilization of multimodal media in teaching news text reading skills among seventh-grade junior high school students. The research employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive research design. The data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 61 seventh-grade students as the research respondents. The research instrument used a Likert scale covering aspects of students’ perceptions, comprehension, motivation, participation, and readiness toward the use of multimodal media in learning news text reading skills. The data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative techniques through percentage calculations and interpretation of respondents’ answers. The findings revealed that most students showed positive responses toward the use of multimodal media. A total of 72.1% of students agreed that learning through printed and digital media made the learning process more engaging. In addition, 59% of students stated that digital media helped them understand news content more clearly, while 60.7% felt more active during learning activities using multimodal media. The use of multimodal media also increased students’ motivation, self-confidence, and reading comprehension skills in understanding news texts. The findings indicate that the combination of printed and digital media creates a more interactive and effective learning environment that aligns with students’ literacy needs in the digital era. Therefore, multimodal media can serve as an alternative instructional strategy to improve students’ news text reading skills in junior high schools. The implications of this study highlight the importance of integrating digital and printed media in Indonesian language learning to enhance students’ reading literacy quality.

This study was motivated by the importance of using digital technology-based learning media in Catholic Religious Education learning to improve students’ learning achievement. The development of digital technology requires teachers to use interesting and interactive learning media that are suitable for students’ needs. This study aimed to determine the use of digital technology-based learning media in Catholic religious education learning and its impact on students’ learning achievement at SMPK Swadaya Tuakepa. This study used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The research subjects consisted of the principal, the Catholic religious education teacher, and five students. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The data were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that digital technology-based learning media such as PowerPoint, learning videos, Canva, Kahoot, and Quizizz had been utilized well in the learning process. The use of digital media helped teachers explain learning materials more clearly and attractively so that students became more active, focused, and motivated in learning. In addition, the use of digital media also improved students’ intellectual abilities, cognitive strategies, attitudes, and skills. Therefore, digital technology-based learning media can improve the quality of Catholic religious education learning and students’ learning achievement at SMPK Swadaya Tuakepa.

Introduction: Smartphone use has increased substantially in higher education and is widely used by university students for both academic and non-academic activities. Prolonged smartphone use combined with poor posture may increase mechanical load on cervical structures and lead to neck pain. This study aimed to examine the relationship between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students at IKES Suaka Insan. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 55 undergraduate nursing and physiotherapy students selected using cluster sampling. Smartphone use was assessed using a structured questionnaire, while neck pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho correlation test. Results: The analysis showed a weak negative association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity (r = -0.16), with a p-value of 0.20 (>0.05), indicating no statistically significant relationship. Conclusion: There was no significant association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students. Future studies should include ergonomic posture and duration of smartphone use as additional variables.

Introduction: Smartphone use has increased substantially in higher education and is widely used by university students for both academic and non-academic activities. Prolonged smartphone use combined with poor posture may increase mechanical load on cervical structures and lead to neck pain. This study aimed to examine the relationship between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students at IKES Suaka Insan. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted involving 55 undergraduate nursing and physiotherapy students selected using cluster sampling. Smartphone use was assessed using a structured questionnaire, while neck pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho correlation test. Results: The analysis showed a weak negative association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity (r = -0.16), with a p-value of 0.20 (>0.05), indicating no statistically significant relationship. Conclusion: There was no significant association between smartphone use and neck pain intensity among students. Future studies should include ergonomic posture and duration of smartphone use as additional variables.

This study investigates why applicants who have passed the initial admissions stage do not proceed to final enrolment in an Indonesian private higher education context. While student recruitment is often measured by the number of applications received, institutional sustainability depends on the ability to convert applicants into enrolled students. This study employed a descriptive survey design supported by thematic analysis of open-ended responses. Data were collected from 179 applicants who had participated in the admissions process but did not complete final re-registration. The data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, and thematic categorization. The findings show that conversion failure is influenced by several factors, including waiting for public university admission results, financial constraints, postponement of study plans, family considerations, uncertainty about the institution or study programmed, preference for other institutions, and campus accessibility. A key finding reveals that 58.1% of respondents would reconsider enrolment if scholarships, tuition discounts, or other financial assistance were available. These findings highlight the need for a conversion management strategy through targeted financial aid, transparent cost communication, family engagement, and proactive applicant follow-up.  

This study aimed to develop teaching materials based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) assisted by Canva media for teaching biography writing to tenth-grade vocational high school students and to examine their validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model, which consists of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The participants were 30 tenth-grade vocational high school students. Data were collected through observation, interviews, expert validation questionnaires, student response questionnaires, biography-writing tests, and documentation. The data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative and qualitative techniques. The results revealed that the developed teaching materials achieved a validity score of 95%, categorized as highly valid based on evaluations by subject-matter and media experts. The practicality level reached 94%, categorized as highly practical according to students’ responses. Furthermore, the effectiveness test demonstrated an improvement in students’ biography-writing skills, as indicated by the increase in the average score from 63.47 in the pretest to 84.73 in the posttest. The Normalized Gain (N-Gain) score of 0.58 was categorized as moderate. These findings indicate that the Canva-assisted PBL teaching materials are valid, practical, and effective for use in biography-writing instruction for vocational high school students. The study contributes to innovations in Indonesian language teaching by integrating problem-based learning with digital technology to enhance students’ writing skills.

This study looks at how da'wah management plays a role in running the Qur'an memorization curriculum at SDIT Islamiyah Proyek Desa Belinteng. The tahfizh program isn't just seen as a way to pass on religious knowledge it's also viewed as a da'wah tool and a means of building religious character in students from an early age. The study aims to explore how management functions including planning, organizing, directing, and evaluating are applied in running the tahfizh program at the school. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, observation, and document review. The key informants were the school principal and the tahfizh teachers. The findings show that the tahfizh program has been managed in a fairly structured way, covering memorization target-setting, clear division of responsibilities, regular memorization sessions, and periodic progress assessments. Beyond improving students' memorization skills, the program also helps instill discipline, good manners, and a love for the Qur'an. That said, the program still faces some challenges, mainly students' lack of focus and limited muroja'ah practice at home.

This study examines the effectiveness of integrating the demonstration method with audio-visual interactive multimedia to enhance Grade III elementary students' proficiency in sunnah rawatib prayers. A quasi-experimental design was employed with an experimental group (n=21) receiving demonstration-assisted multimedia instruction and a control group (n=22) undergoing conventional teaching. The primary instrument was a validated worship practice observation checklist (CVR=1; Cronbach's Alpha=0.873). Data analysis included the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, N-Gain calculation, and the Mann-Whitney U test. The experimental group achieved a posttest mean of 85.95 (100% mastery rate) compared to the control group's 74.32 (77.27% mastery). The experimental group's N-Gain score of 0.7146 (high category) substantially exceeded the control group's 0.4423 (moderate category). The Mann-Whitney U test yielded an Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value of < .001, confirming a statistically significant difference between both groups. These findings affirm that demonstration enriched by interactive multimedia scaffolding effectively constructs students' procedural knowledge of worship rituals and optimally engages multiple sensory modalities at the primary level.

This study aims to analyze the management of young preacher (dai cilik) training in developing students’ preaching skills at SD IT Al-Washliyah Kelambir Lima Medan using a management function approach (*planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling*). This study employed a descriptive qualitative method, with data collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The research informants consisted of the principal and teachers responsible for the young preacher training program. The collected data were analyzed systematically to describe the implementation of management functions in the young preacher training activities and their contribution to the development of students’ preaching skills. The results showed that planning was carried out through the development of a practice-based preaching curriculum, organizing was implemented through task allocation and regular scheduling, implementation focused on *public speaking* practice, sermon material preparation, and moral development, while evaluation was conducted periodically through student performance assessments. The implementation of this systematic training management contributed to the improvement of students’ preaching skills in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. These findings indicate that management functions applied in a structured manner play a strategic role in supporting the development of students’ preaching competencies at the elementary school level. Furthermore, continuous training provides opportunities for students to enhance their self-confidence, communication skills, and readiness to effectively deliver Islamic preaching messages

The objective of this study is to determine the influence of teacher teaching style on student learning motivation in Islamic Religious Education at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Wonosobo. The approach used in this study is a quantitative approach with a causal associative method. Data collection was conducted through the distribution of questionnaires to 144 respondents selected using probability sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires for the learning motivation variable and the teaching style variable. The technique analysis applied in this study is a simple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS program. The results of this study indicated the the teacher teaching style has a significant and positive influence on student learning motivation in Islamic Religious Education subjects at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Wonosobo. This result was proven by the results of the T-test which showed that the significance value of the regression model of this study is greater than the significance level value. Based on these results, it is suggested for Islamic Religious Education teachers at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Wonosobo to apply adaptive and innovatice teaching style to maintain and increase student learning motivation.

Communication is a crucial element in the learning process, particularly in the education of students with special needs who possess diverse characteristics, abilities, and communication requirements. These differences require teachers to implement adaptive communication strategies to ensure that learning messages are effectively conveyed and understood by students. This study aims to analyze the communication at SLB YPAC Medan. The subjects of this study specifically focused on third-grade students with intellectual disabilities (tunagrahita) and slow learners. The. The study adopted a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that teachers apply communication strategies through a combination of verbal and nonverbal communication. Verbal communication involves the use of simple language, repetition of learning materials, and step-by-step instructions tailored to students’ abilities. Meanwhile, nonverbal communication is expressed through facial expressions, body movements, eye contact, and the use of visual learning media to clarify instructional messages. In addition, interpersonal approaches emphasizing patience, attention, empathy, and emotional closeness were found to enhance the effectiveness of teacher–student interactions. Supporting factors include adequate school facilities, psychological services, and therapy programs, while inhibiting factors involve differences in students’ characteristics and limitations in their communication abilities. This study concludes that adaptive communication strategies that accommodate individual student needs play a significant role in creating an effective, comfortable, and supportive learning environment for students with special needs.

The community service activities aim to improve business financial management skills and student readiness in facing the 2026 Indonesian Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Festival (FIKSI). The program is implemented by lecturers of the Digital Business Study Program at Al-Irsyad University Cilacap together with supervising teachers and 26 FIKSI finalist students from SMA Negeri 2 Cilacap, SMA Negeri 3 Cilacap, and SMA Negeri 1 Maos. The main problem faced by partners is the low ability to prepare business financial reports and the use of digital technology in business development. The method used is Participatory Action Research (PAR) through stages of socialization, training, technology implementation, mentoring, evaluation, and program sustainability. The results of the activity show an increase in student understanding and skills in recording transactions, calculating the cost of production, preparing profit and loss and cash flow reports, and utilizing digital financial applications and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to support business development. In addition, supervising teachers received capacity building in assisting students in aspects of financial management and preparing business proposals. The establishment of the Smart Fintech Young Entrepreneur Community is a sustainable strategy for the program to support the development of digital entrepreneurship in schools. This program has proven effective in improving the quality of business and improving students' readiness for entrepreneurship competitions.

The quality of Catholic Religious Education learning is an important aspect in shaping students’ faith, character, knowledge, and religious life skills. However, the learning process at SMK Negeri 1 Talibura still faces various challenges, particularly in the areas of spiritual attitudes, social attitudes, Catholic religious knowledge, and religious life skills. This study aims to describe the implementation of the Independent Learning Curriculum (Merdeka Belajar Curriculum) and its contribution to improving the quality of Catholic Religious Education learning at SMK Negeri 1 Talibura. The research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation involving the principal, Catholic Religious Education teachers, students, and parents. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the implementation of the Independent Learning Curriculum has been carried out effectively through learning planning, learning implementation, learning assessment, and the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5). This implementation has had a positive impact on the learning process, outputs, and outcomes. Students demonstrated improvements in spiritual attitudes, social attitudes, Catholic religious knowledge, and religious life skills, as well as positive behavioral changes in their daily lives. The findings imply that the Independent Learning Curriculum can serve as an effective strategy for improving the quality of Catholic Religious Education learning in a holistic manner.

This study aims to analyze normatively and juridically whether students in private schools are entitled to free basic education based on the Constitutional Court Decision Number 3/PUU-XXII/2024. Prior to this decision, the phrase “without charging fees” in Article 34 paragraph (2) of Law Number 20 of 2003 on the National Education System was often interpreted narrowly, applying only to public schools. This interpretation created discrimination in access to education for students in private schools, particularly those from low-income families. This research employs a normative juridical method with a statute approach and case approach. Primary legal materials include the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Law Number 20 of 2003 on the National Education System, and Constitutional Court Decision Number 3/PUU-XXII/2024. Secondary legal materials consist of relevant scholarly literature, books, and journals. The analysis reveals that the Constitutional Court declared Article 34 paragraph (2) of the National Education System Law conditionally unconstitutional. The phrase must be interpreted to mean that the Central and Regional Governments are obliged to guarantee the implementation of compulsory basic education without charging fees, both for educational units organized by the government (public schools) and by the community (private schools). Consequently, students in private schools have the right to obtain free basic education as a constitutional right. Private schools are still permitted to charge fees from financially capable parents, but they are obligated to provide financial relief or full fee waivers for students from economically disadvantaged families. This decision has significant juridical implications for national education financing policy, particularly the need to revise derivative regulations and allocate School Operational Assistance (BOS) and Regional BOS funds to eligible private schools. This study complements previous research, which was largely empirical and regional in scope, by providing a comprehensive national normative juridical analysis.

Sufism as a spiritual approach has a great potential to prevent mental health problems among Generation Z students at UIN Walisongo Semarang. This is because Sufism focuses on inner balance, self-awareness, and strengthening spiritual values that can be a source of psychological resilience. This study aims to investigate how Sufism practices such as dhikr, self-reflection, and spiritual guidance can help prevent mental health problems, such as stress, anxiety, and loneliness among Generation Z students. The method used in this study is a qualitative study with a phenomenological design. Data were obtained from in-depth interviews with students, observations of religious activities on campus, and focus group discussions, then analyzed thematically. Interviews were conducted with three students: Wilda Ismatus Sarifah (Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training), Sinta Wahdatul Khusna (Faculty of Tarbiyah of Social and Political Sciences), and Umi Fathonah (Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training). The study found that regular Sufism practice guided by experienced individuals helped students feel more meaningful, more socially connected, and develop coping strategies. This was associated with reduced symptoms of stress and anxiety, as well as improved well-being. The study recommends integrating Sufism-based spiritual programs into campus counseling services and character development activities. It also recommends training spiritual mentors and fostering collaboration between student welfare units and religious institutions on campus to support the mental health of young people.

This study aims to describe the learning process and explain the improvement of popular scientific article writing skills using the blog-media-based Genre-Based Approach (GBA) model among Grade VIII E students at SMP Negeri 2 Mlati Sleman. This study employed Classroom Action Research (CAR), conducted in two cycles, with all 32 students of Grade VIII E as subjects. Data analysis was performed using descriptive quantitative techniques to measure the increase in the average writing performance score and the percentage of learning mastery based on the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM) of 80. The results showed a significant improvement in each cycle. In the initial condition (pre-cycle), the average writing score was only 68.67 with 19% mastery (6 students), then increased to 79.06 with 50% mastery (16 students) in Cycle I, and reached optimal results in Cycle II with an average of 89.53 and 81% mastery (26 students). Thus, the implementation of the blog-media-based Genre-Based Approach (GBA) model is proven to significantly improve popular scientific article writing skills and the learning mastery of Grade VIII E students at SMP Negeri 2 Mlati Sleman. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pembelajaran serta menjelaskan peningkatan keterampilan menulis artikel ilmiah populer menggunakan model Genre-Based Approach (GBA) berbasis media blog pada murid kelas VIII E SMP Negeri 2 Mlati Sleman. Penelitian menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus dengan subjek seluruh murid kelas VIII E yang berjumlah 32 siswa. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif untuk mengukur peningkatan rata-rata nilai unjuk kerja menulis dan persentase ketuntasan belajar berdasarkan Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) sebesar 80. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan pada setiap siklus. Pada kondisi awal (pra-siklus), rata-rata nilai menulis hanya 68,67 dengan ketuntasan 19% (6 siswa), kemudian meningkat menjadi 79,06 dengan ketuntasan 50% (16 siswa) pada Siklus I, dan mencapai hasil optimal pada Siklus II dengan rata-rata 89,53 serta ketuntasan 81% (26 siswa). Dengan demikian, penerapan model Genre-Based Approach (GBA) berbasis media blog terbukti secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis artikel ilmiah populer serta ketuntasan belajar murid kelas VIII E SMP Negeri 2 Mlati Sleman.

The crisis of student morality and etiquette in higher education institutions has become an increasingly concerning phenomenon in the modern era. Social changes, the rapid development of digital technology, and the weakening The crisis of student morality and etiquette in higher education institutions has become an increasingly concerning phenomenon in the modern era. Social changes, the rapid development of digital technology, and the weakening internalization of religious values have contributed to a decline in students' moral character, which is reflected in poor communication ethics, lack of respect for lecturers, plagiarism practices, individualistic attitudes, and weak academic responsibility. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Islamic values in addressing the crisis of student etiquette at UIN Walisongo Semarang. The research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method through literature review, observation, and data collection from various scientific journals. The findings indicate that the implementation of Islamic values, such as akhlaq al-karimah (noble character), trustworthiness (amanah), discipline, Islamic brotherhood (ukhuwah Islamiyah), and responsibility, can serve as effective solutions in developing students' religious and ethical character. These values are implemented through spiritual development programs, an Islamic academic culture, lecturers' role modeling, Islamic student organization activities, and character education based on Islamic principles. This study emphasizes that the integration of Islamic values into the campus education system constitutes a strategic step in shaping a generation of Muslim intellectuals who excel not only academically but also possess strong morality and ethical conduct.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has increasingly influenced higher education, including learning practices among students of Islamic Education (PAI). Applications such as ChatGPT, Claude AI, and Gemini are widely used to support academic activities, including information searching, understanding course materials, idea generation, and assignment completion. This study aims to examine the use of AI among PAI students and analyze its implications for critical thinking skills. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed at the Islamic Education Program of UIN Salatiga. Data were collected through written interviews with 12 students selected using purposive sampling and analyzed using an interactive data analysis model. The findings reveal that AI has become an important part of students’ academic activities due to its perceived usefulness and ease of use. Most participants demonstrated critical thinking behaviors by verifying AI-generated information, comparing multiple academic sources, and evaluating the accuracy of responses before using them for academic purposes. Nevertheless, excessive dependence on AI was found to potentially reduce students’ independent learning and analytical engagement. The study concludes that AI has a dual impact on critical thinking: it can enhance critical thinking when used reflectively and responsibly, but it may also weaken cognitive involvement when relied upon excessively. Therefore, strengthening AI literacy, digital literacy, and critical thinking skills is essential in higher education learning practices.

This study examines students’ interest in participating in the Al-Kautsar Tahfidz Dormitory Program at MAN 1 Baubau and identifies the factors influencing their participation. The study also seeks to provide a deeper understanding of how both internal and external conditions shape students’ willingness to engage in the program. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with dormitory supervisors, participating students, and non-participating students. Additional supporting information was also gathered through informal discussions and observation in the dormitory environment to strengthen the data validity. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing in an iterative process to ensure accurate interpretation. The findings indicate that students’ interest is shaped by internal factors, such as religious motivation, the desire to memorize the Qur’an, and self-improvement, as well as external factors, including parental support, peer influence, program socialization, and the religious dormitory environment. Conversely, low interest is associated with limited family support, low self-confidence in Qur’anic literacy, competing activities outside school, and perceptions of a demanding dormitory schedule. Overall, the program contributes positively to students’ religious character, discipline, and Qur’anic memorization skills, although variations in student interest remain evident depending on their personal and environmental conditions.