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Digital technology has significantly transformed adolescents’ lives, including the process of character formation. While the digital era provides broad opportunities for accessing information and developing personal potential, it also presents challenges such as identity crises, individualism, instant culture, cyberbullying, moral relativism, and declining spiritual engagement. These conditions create unique challenges for Christian adolescents in maintaining values and character grounded in biblical teachings. This study aims to examine the challenges of Christian adolescent character formation in the digital era, analyze the perspectives of the Christian worldview and educational psychology on character development, and explain the relevance of integrating these perspectives in addressing contemporary challenges. The research employed a qualitative approach using a library research method. Data were collected from books, scholarly journals, and other relevant academic sources and analyzed through content analysis. The findings indicate that the Christian worldview provides a theological foundation for shaping identity, values, and character based on biblical truth, while educational psychology offers scientific insights into adolescent development and effective character-building strategies. The integration of these perspectives creates a holistic approach that addresses spiritual, moral, social, emotional, and cognitive dimensions. Therefore, this integration is essential for helping Christian adolescents navigate the challenges of the digital era wisely, responsibly, and in accordance with Christian values.

This study aims to analyze the internalization of Islamic developmental psychology values through the Qur'an memorization (Tahfidz Al-Qur'an) program in shaping the character of middle adolescents aged 13–17 years in the digital era at Al Hayya Orphanage Foundation, Depok. Adolescence is a transitional stage characterized by significant physical, emotional, social, and spiritual changes. In the digital era, adolescents face various challenges, such as social media addiction, cyberbullying, declining social interaction, and moral degradation, all of which may affect character development. Therefore, strengthening character education based on Islamic values has become increasingly important. This research employed a qualitative approach using a case study method to gain an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon under investigation. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving orphanage caregivers, Tahfidz instructors, and students at Al Hayya Orphanage Foundation, Depok. The findings indicate that the Tahfidz program plays a positive role in character formation through habituation, role modeling, spiritual guidance, and a supportive religious environment. From the cognitive perspective, students demonstrated improvements in discipline, concentration, responsibility, and self-regulation. Emotionally, they became more patient, better able to control their emotions, and experienced inner peace through intensive engagement with the Qur'an. Socially, the program fostered attitudes of mutual assistance, respect, empathy, and stronger social relationships among students.This study reveals that the Tahfidz program serves not only as a means of memorizing the Qur'an but also as an effective medium for internalizing the values of Islamic developmental psychology and fostering Qur'anic character among adolescents in facing the challenges of the digital era.  

Christian religious education teachers act as agents of social, spiritual, and cultural transformation by integrating Christian values ​​into the lives of communities that are still strongly bound to ancestral customs and beliefs. The transformation of customs through contextual evangelism is both a challenge and an opportunity for Christian religious education (PAK) teachers in carrying out their roles as educators and servants of God in a pluralistic society. This study aims to analyze the strategic steps of PAK teachers in integrating Gospel values ​​with local culture without eliminating the identity of the Christian faith or damaging the noble values ​​of customs. The research method used is a qualitative approach and literature study. The results of the study indicate that PAK teachers need to have three main strategic steps, namely contextual understanding by studying in depth the values, symbols, and practices of local customs, a transformational approach, namely presenting Gospel values ​​through education that respects culture but leads to renewal of life and pedagogical implementation through creative and reflective learning methods that foster students' awareness of faith and social responsibility. With this strategy, Christian Religious Education teachers can become agents of transformation, bridging the gap between Christian faith and local culture, ensuring that evangelism is not confrontational but contextual, dialogical, and builds lives rooted in the love of Christ.

This study aims to analyze the role of parents in fostering adolescents' moral development and to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors in this process in Karya Jaya Village, Buton Regency. This research is motivated by the importance of adolescence as a critical developmental stage that is highly vulnerable to environmental influences, thus requiring optimal moral guidance, especially from the family as the first and primary educational institution. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach. The research subjects consist of 30 parents and adolescents selected through purposive sampling. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation to obtain in-depth and comprehensive data. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman model, which consists of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results show that parents play a significant role in moral development through role modeling, habituation of moral and religious values, effective communication, and supervision of adolescents' behavior in daily life. Parental role modeling is a key factor in shaping adolescents’ moral behavior, as adolescents tend to imitate what they observe within the family environment. Supporting factors include harmonious family conditions, active parental involvement, and a positive social environment. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors include parents' busyness, lack of supervision, and the influence of technology and peer environment. Therefore, the role of parents is crucial in shaping positive moral behavior among adolescents.

Multicultural education offers hope in addressing various social tensions that have emerged in recent times, as it is an educational approach that consistently upholds values, beliefs, heterogeneity, plurality, and diversity in all aspects of education. This study aims to describe the implementation of multicultural inclusive learning in developing students’ moral character and to identify the challenges of its implementation at MIN 2 Gunungkidul Yogyakarta. The study employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving the principal, teachers, and students as sources of information. The data were analyzed through data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing or verification. The findings show that multicultural inclusive learning was implemented through the habituation of the 5S values (smiling, greeting, addressing, politeness, and courtesy), inclusive classroom arrangement for students with special needs, and the strengthening of discipline, responsibility, independence, care, and religious activities within the madrasah environment. These practices contributed to a warmer learning atmosphere, acceptance of differences, and social interaction between regular students and students with special needs. The main challenges included the limited availability of special assistant teachers, teachers’ limited competence in handling students with special needs, and insufficient inclusive learning facilities

This article examines the urgency of strengthening Islamic creed (aqidah) as a preventive instrument in addressing religious radicalism. The rise of extremism is not merely driven by sociological factors, but is also rooted in a theological crisis, namely textual interpretations that give rise to exclusivism and takfiri doctrines. Employing a conceptual literature review method, this study deconstructs the pathology of radicalism and reconstructs the preventive dimensions of aqidah. The findings reveal that ideological mitigation is grounded in three dimensions of aqidah: Tawhid as a means of liberating reason from group arrogance, wasathiyyah (moderation) in maintaining tolerance, and the absolute integration of faith with social morality. To be effective, these values must be institutionalized within Islamic education through the transformation of critical pedagogy, the strengthening of religious digital literacy, and the development of an inclusive school culture. Strengthening aqidah is therefore not merely a transfer of dogma, but the formation of a moderate worldview as a strong shield against the infiltration of radical ideologies.

The Celeng Behel tradition is a form of local wisdom practiced by the people of Soropadan Village, Pringsurat District, Temanggung Regency, and is carried out through the Sadranan Kali ritual. This study aims to explain the form and function of the Celeng Behel tradition in the community’s daily life. The research uses a qualitative descriptive method with folklore and semiotic approaches. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, then analyzed to understand the cultural meanings behind the tradition. The results show that the Celeng Behel tradition has two main forms. First, it exists as oral folklore in the form of stories passed down from generation to generation. Second, it appears as a ritual practice, namely Sadranan Kali, which is held every year on the 10th of Sapar at Bendung Pondoh. The ritual includes communal prayers, the preparation of offerings, and the release of ducks into the river. These activities symbolize the community’s gratitude for the water that supports their farming and daily needs. The tradition also has important functions. It serves as a way for the community to express their hopes and concerns about nature, especially related to water and agriculture. It also strengthens social rules and cultural values that have been passed down over time. From a semiotic point of view, the symbols used in the ritual have both direct meanings and deeper cultural meanings that form shared beliefs in the community. In conclusion, the Celeng Behel tradition is not only a cultural activity, but also an important way to maintain harmony between humans, nature, and spiritual values in the life of the Soropadan community.

This study aims to analyze the forms of tasybīh ḍimnī in Dīwān al-Imām al-Syāfi‘ī by Imam al-Shafi‘i, identify its elements (musyabbah, musyabbah bih, and wajh al-syabah), and examine the Islamic educational values contained within it. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach using the content analysis method. The data consist of poetic verses containing tasybīh ḍimnī, focusing on 10 representative stanzas selected from 279 poems. The results show that tasybīh ḍimnī is an implicit form of simile that does not explicitly employ comparative particles, but is instead understood through contextual meaning relations. From the perspective of balaghah, this form is characterized by its implicit and argumentative nature, as well as its ability to construct meaning through logical analogy. The elements of tasybīh can still be identified through meaning reconstruction, even though they are not directly stated. Furthermore, the study reveals Islamic educational values encompassing the dimensions of īmān, islām, and ihsān. The value of īmān is reflected in dependence upon Allah, the value of islām in social life practices, and the value of ihsān in the cultivation of moral virtues such as patience and qanā‘ah (contentment). Thus, tasybīh ḍimnī functions not only as an aesthetic element, but also as an integrative educational medium.

The role of citizenship education is fundamental in internalizing the values of nationalism and ethics within a society. This research is motivated by the increasing challenges of globalization and moral degradation that threaten the national identity of the younger generation. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the strategic role of citizenship education in shaping and strengthening national character within the Indonesian context. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method, utilizing literature reviews and thematic analysis of educational policies and social phenomena. The findings indicate that citizenship education serves as a vital instrument not only for transferring political knowledge but also for fostering civic disposition, including integrity, tolerance, and social responsibility. Furthermore, the integration of local wisdom within the curriculum significantly enhances the effectiveness of character building. The implications of this study suggest that a revitalized citizenship education curriculum, which adapts to digital era challenges, is essential for maintaining social cohesion. Stakeholders in the education sector must prioritize interactive and participatory pedagogical approaches to ensure that national character values are not merely memorized but practiced in daily life, thereby ensuring the long-term sustainability of the nation's democratic values.

Churches and Christian institutions frequently face the challenge of congregations whose understanding of ministry remains confined to the spiritual dimension alone, while the holistic ministry mandate calls for active engagement across social, educational, and economic spheres. This study examines two primary objectives: first, how Christian Religious Education (CRE) shapes congregational understanding of holistic church ministry; and second, how CRE equips congregants with the concrete capacity to serve comprehensively. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed at Yayasan Sola Gratia Medan. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews with seven informants comprising foundation leaders, program coordinators, active church members, volunteers, and beneficiaries. Analysis followed a thematic framework encompassing data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. Findings reveal that: (1) consistent CRE implementation at Yayasan Sola Gratia has successfully shifted the congregational ministry paradigm from exclusively spiritual to holistically transformative; and (2) congregants who have internalized CRE values demonstrate more structured ministry capacity, stronger theological motivation, and significant cross-dimensional engagement. This research contributes a contextual CRE model relevant for church-based institutions operating in multidimensional urban environments.

Indonesia’s multicultural diversity poses serious challenges in maintaining social harmony, marked by increasing cases of intolerance driven by differences in ethnicity, religion, and culture. Education, particularly civics (PPKn), plays a strategic role in instilling tolerance values from an early age. This study aims to analyze the strategies used by elementary school teachers in cultivating tolerance attitudes through PPKn  learning, identify the implementation of tolerance values in classroom activities and student social interactions, and reveal the challenges faced by teachers along with effective and contextual learning strategies. This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach based on library research, collecting data from accredited scientific journals published between 2021 and 2025, sourced from databases including google scholar, DOAJ, and sinta- indexed journals. Data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis through stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, with source triangulation appliet to ensure validity. The findings reveal that affective teachers employ a holistic approach encompassing cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains, consistent with Bloom’s revised taxonomy. Teachers serve not only as knowledge transmitters but also as moral role models, as supported by Bandura’s Social Learning Theory. Implementation is carried out through three channels: intracurricular, co-curricular, and extracurricular activities. Key challenges include dominance of cognitive approaches, limited understanding of multicultural education, and negative influencesof social media. This study implies the urgent need for continuous professional training for PPKn teachers, differentiated and inclusive learning design, and active collaboration between schools and families to strengthen the internalization of tolerance values in elementary school students.

This study examines teachers’ strategies in instilling citizenship values among students to develop democratic character and social responsibility. The background of this study is rooted in the increasing need to strengthen students’ civic awareness and character in the face of rapid social and technological changes. The objective of this research is to identify and analyze effective strategies used by teachers in integrating citizenship values into the learning process. This study employs a library research method by analyzing various relevant academic sources, including journals, books, and scholarly articles related to citizenship education and character development. The findings indicate that effective strategies include student-centered learning approaches, the integration of character education into civic education, the use of inquiry-based learning methods, and the utilization of technology to enhance student engagement. Additionally, extracurricular activities and a democratic classroom environment play a significant role in reinforcing students’ understanding and application of citizenship values. These strategies contribute to the development of students’ critical thinking, participation skills, and social awareness. The implications of this study suggest that teachers need to continuously innovate and adapt their teaching strategies to meet the evolving needs of students and societal demands. Furthermore, educational institutions should provide adequate support and resources to optimize the implementation of citizenship education in fostering responsible and democratic citizens.

This study aims to analyze the process of internalizing legal values in the formation of a culture of law-abidingness by emphasizing the perspective of civic responsibility and the Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence Theory approach. The main problem studied is how legal values are not only understood normatively, but also internalized in the individual and collective consciousness of society, thus giving rise to sustainable law-abiding behavior. The research method used is a normative juridical approach with strengthening conceptual and sociological analysis of legal dynamics in society. The results show that the internalization of legal values is a multidimensional process involving cognitive, affective, and spiritual aspects, which are influenced by education, the social environment, role models, and the consistency of law enforcement. In the context of civic responsibility, a culture of law-abidingness is not only formal compliance with regulations, but also reflects moral awareness and active participation of citizens in maintaining social order. Meanwhile, Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence Theory offers an integrative paradigm that combines the normative dimensions of sharia with social reality, through a comparative approach of schools of thought, maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, and an orientation toward the welfare of the people. This research emphasizes that the formation of an effective culture of law-abidingness requires a holistic and contextual approach, in which law is understood as a living and adaptive social instrument. Thus, the internalization of legal values based on civic responsibility and an Islamic sociological jurisprudence approach can encourage the realization of substantive justice, high legal awareness, and a civilized and sustainable social order.    

This study is motivated by the increasing complexity of global culture, which demands a value system capable of providing direction and meaning in human life. In this context, Islam is viewed as having the potential to serve as a global value system through a cultural concept grounded in revelatory values. This study aims to analyze the concept of culture from an Islamic perspective as a global value system by examining the thought of Ali Ahmad Madkur. The method used is a qualitative approach based on a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), systematically and critically examining various relevant scientific literature. The results of the study indicate that Islamic culture in Madkur’s thought is built upon two main dimensions: the normative dimension, which is derived from the Qur’an and Sunnah, and the practical dimension as its actualization in social life. Although this approach has strengths in maintaining the integrity of values, it still faces challenges in responding to the complex, dynamic, and hybrid nature of global cultural dynamics. Therefore, a more integrative approach is needed to ensure that Islamic cultural values remain relevant and operational in a global context. This study has implications for strengthening more contextual studies of Islamic culture and developing Islamic education that is adaptive to the changing times.

The objective of this research is to examine how Minangkabau migrants in Bandung negotiate their cultural identity and how the philosophy "di mana bumi dipijak, di situ langit dijunjung" is implemented in their social adaptation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with migrant students from West Sumatra at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, utilizing a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. The study indicates that Minangkabau migrants actively and dynamically negotiate their identity through integration patterns rather than assimilation. Situational strategies are employed; informants gain social acceptance by adopting local linguistic identities and behaviors (Sundanese) in public spaces, while maintaining core values in private spaces. The religious principles of Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah, and the communication ethics of Kato Nan Ampek serve as adaptation guidelines that allow for external flexibility, such as in language and daily habits, while preserving fundamental, non-negotiable values. The success of this negotiation is significantly supported by the educational environment and the early internalization of traditional values. This process results in a hybrid identity, enabling migrants to preserve their authentic Minangkabau identity while becoming an integral part of the Bandung community.

The study highlights the importance of spirituality as a foundational framework for shaping adolescents’ life orientation in the complex digital era, marked by pervasive distractions and fragmented meaning. Ignatian spirituality, emphasizing reflection and lived experience as loci of encounter with God, provides a contextual approach to help adolescents construct deeper existential meaning. The study aims to examine how reflective practices within this framework support students of SMK Katolik St. Mikael Surakarta in internalizing spiritual values and navigating digital challenges. Using a qualitative descriptive case study design, data were collected from 195 reflective writings of twelfth-grade students and reduced to 90 representative samples. The film Hacksaw Ridge was employed as a reflective stimulus to enhance affective and existential engagement. Data analysis was conducted using the four pillars of Jesuit education: Competence, Conscience, Compassion, and Commitment. The findings reveal that all reflections contain at least one element of the 4C framework integrated with Ignatian spirituality. Reflection serves not only as a medium of self-expression but also as a transformative process fostering moral awareness, social sensitivity, and commitment to action. It effectively enables students to process both personal and digital experiences into meaningful learning. The study affirms the strong relevance of integrating spirituality, reflection, and Ignatian pedagogy in contemporary education, contributing to the formation of reflective, value-oriented individuals committed to the common good.

This study aims to examine the position of Pancasila as a grundnorm within the Indonesian constitutional system and the role of Islamic Religious Education as an ethical foundation in strengthening constitutional principles from the perspective of Islamic sociological legal theory. The methodology employed is a qualitative approach using library research, involving the analysis of various relevant literature sources. The findings indicate that Pancasila plays a fundamental role in the Indonesian legal system, serving as the highest norm in the hierarchy of laws, while also functioning as an ethical guideline in the life of the nation and the state. Islamic Religious Education plays a significant role in shaping the moral constitution through the understanding of values such as honesty, justice, responsibility, and trustworthiness, in line with the principles of Pancasila. The integration of Pancasila values and Islamic teachings, viewed through the lens of sociological law, demonstrates that effective law is not merely normative but also responsive to social realities. Therefore, Islamic sociological legal theory can strengthen the Indonesian constitutional system through the integration of normative, moral, and sociological values, resulting in a more responsive, just, and contextually relevant legal system.

This research aims to analyze how gender and culture are represented in the Grade VIII Indonesian language textbook of the Merdeka Curriculum. The focus is on various aspects of gender representation, such as the depiction of characters, their roles, activities, attributes, social status, gender equality, and stereotypes related to gender. Additionally, the study explores cultural representation, which encompasses cultural forms, diversity, local traditions, context, ways of presentation, and the cultural values expressed in the textbook's texts and illustrations. The methodology employed is descriptive qualitative research with a content analysis framework. Data were gathered through documenting and note-taking methods on the content of the textbook, followed by an analysis process that includes identification, classification, interpretation, and drawing conclusions. Findings indicate that the gender representation in the textbook predominantly portrays men as leading figures in public roles, leadership, and decision-making, whereas women are mainly shown in nurturing, domestic, and supportive capacities. On the other hand, the cultural representation illustrates the variety of Indonesian culture by showcasing regional customs, languages, art forms, traditional cuisine, practices, and societal norms. The study concludes that although the textbook presents cultural diversity adequately, there is a need for improvement in gender representation balance to better reflect equality values in the educational experience.

This community service program aimed to strengthen community development in Negeri Soya by reinforcing group kinship ties within a multicultural society. As a traditional village in Ambon City, Negeri Soya is inhabited by people from diverse ethnic and social backgrounds who live together in one area. This diversity requires harmonious social relations supported by solidarity, brotherhood, and social awareness. The program focused on the men’s service group of the Elim Sector, Soya Congregation, as a forum for social and spiritual development. The activities were conducted through lectures, question-and-answer sessions, and collaborative practices in church services. The materials emphasized group kinship, social solidarity, togetherness, and the understanding that kinship is not limited to blood relations, but can also be built through shared territory, life experiences, and continuous social interaction. The results show that the Negeri Soya community has strong solidarity and active participation in religious and social activities. Values such as mutual cooperation, masohi, and the concept of orang basudara serve as important foundations for social integration. Men’s church service activities strengthened care, cooperation, and shared responsibility among members. These findings indicate that local cultural values remain relevant for managing diversity and building collective resilience in post-conflict communities. Overall, this program contributed positively to strengthening social relations and supporting harmonious, inclusive, and sustainable community life in Negeri Soya in daily life.

The Baduy community in Kanekes Village has economic potential based on traditional crafts with high cultural value, such as weaving and woven fabrics. However, the management of craft businesses is still carried out in a simple manner without a structured human resource (HR) management system. Problems faced include the lack of a clear division of tasks, inefficient production processes, and limited marketing strategies. These conditions hamper the optimal development of craft businesses. This community service activity aims to strengthen human resource management based on local wisdom in order to increase the capacity of traditional craft businesses in the Baduy community. The solution offered is training and mentoring on simple business management adapted to traditional values. Activities include socializing the importance of HR management, training on the division of labor within groups, improving production skills, and developing marketing strategies that respect local wisdom. The implementation method uses a participatory approach through the stages of preparation, training, mentoring, evaluation, and program sustainability. The community is actively involved in every stage of the activity to ensure the program's suitability to local socio-cultural conditions. This activity results in increased human resource capacity in craft business management, the establishment of a more organized work system, and an increased economic value of craft products. In addition, this activity is expected to produce a community empowerment model based on local wisdom and scientific publications in community service journals.