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Street children constitute a highly vulnerable population who spend most of their time in public spaces working in the informal sector and are at increased risk of engaging in deviant behaviours. Social support and resilience are recognised as key protective factors that may enable street children to adapt to adversity. This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional correlational design to examine the association between social support and resilience among street children in Semarang City, Indonesia. A total of 42 street children were recruited using accidental sampling. Data were collected using modified Likert-type questionnaires measuring social support (social embeddedness, enacted support, and perceived support) and resilience (emotion regulation, impulse control, causal analysis, self-efficacy, realistic optimism, empathy, and reaching out). Data were analysed using univariate statistics and Spearman’s rank correlation test. Most respondents reported moderate levels of social support (90.48%) and resilience (66.67%). Spearman’s test indicated a significant, positive, yet low correlation between social support and resilience (p = 0.014; r = 0.228). These findings suggest that higher social support is associated with greater resilience, although other internal and external factors are likely to contribute to resilience among street children.

The purpose of Indonesian national education is to educate the nation. Adolescence is a time of crisis where teenagers try to find their identity. Today, the world of education is being hit by very deep concern with the frequent occurrence of juvenile delinquency or what is known as juvenile delinquency which has quite serious impacts on the development of themselves (teenagers) and society. Because delinquency is an anti-social act, violating applicable laws, which is carried out by a person approaching adulthood with his own knowledge which if carried out by an adult is qualified as a crime. News about delinquency is sprayed like bullets on the battlefield and unfortunately the ones who are always hit by insults are the schools, in fact, it is not uncommon for the public to assume that the low quality of student behavior or personality is due to the school's inability to control the psyche of its students. In this case, we learn about what types of delinquency are carried out by teenagers, the factors that influence teenagers to commit delinquency and how schools try to overcome this delinquency. The purpose of this study was to determine the forms of juvenile delinquency, factors that influence juvenile delinquency and school efforts in overcoming juvenile delinquency. To obtain accurate data, the author uses qualitative descriptive research, namely by using the method of describing and analyzing research results without using calculation formulas, while in obtaining data the author uses direct observation, interviews with informants, and documentation. From the data obtained, it explains that the real state of juvenile delinquency (students) is still relatively common and not dangerous such as playing truant, coming late to school, not doing homework, making noise and so on. Factors that influence juvenile delinquency are often caused by lack of parental attention (broken home), the influence of playmates and from themselves because they are lazy and afraid of teachers. Then regarding the data obtained as an effort by the school to overcome juvenile delinquency (students), including cooperation with parents and the community and providing educational punishment. In addition, it also creates a commitment to all teachers to always remind every student who commits any form of violation. As a suggestion that must be done in overcoming juvenile delinquency is that parents, schools and the community should create a conducive environment, provide services and motivate teenagers to always fill their free time with positive activities. Establish interactions between students and teachers as harmoniously as possible. There needs to be self-introspection of the Teaching and Learning Activities carried out by teachers and students (teenagers). Parents are expected to pay attention to their children's daily activities and try to direct them to activities that bring benefits.

Background High blood pressure or hypertension is one of the biggest causes of death in the world. Adopting a healthy lifestyle can prevent or slow the onset of hypertension and reduce cardiovascular risk Apiin and mannitol content in celery leaves have diuretic properties that help draw fluid and support kidney function in removing excess fluid from the body. This process can significantly lower blood pressure in people with hypertension Objectives to determine changes in blood pressure in hypertensive patients with non-pharmacological therapy using celery leaves Quasi-Experimental design method with Pre-test and Post-test control group design. Samples were taken using Purposive Sampling technique as many as 30 people Research Results From the characteristics of respondents and based on statistical tests with the Wilcoxon Test in the intervention group Pre-test Post-test obtained Asymp. Sig. value of 0.890 Conclusion There is no significant change between the intervention group and the control group in the provision of non-pharmacological therapy using Celery leaves Suggestions For people with hypertension to always seek information in improving self-management in order to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension.

This study aimed to assess the impact of time management, academic stress, and locus of control , mediated by family support, on student procrastination in Semarang. This study employed a quantitative methodology via a survey conducted among the student population in Semarang, employing random sampling to get a sample size of 399 respondents. The data were evaluated using validity assessments, discriminant validity, reliability evaluations, and hypothesis testing via Smart-PLS version 4.0. The test results indicated that time management, academic stress, locus of control , and family support significantly influenced procrastination. However, time management and academic stress did not exert a mediated effect through family support on procrastination. Additionally, academic stress was mediated by support for procrastination, while locus of control , mediated by family support, significantly affected procrastination. According to the test results, it is advisable for students to focus on time management and locus of control to mitigate procrastination tendencies. Families and universities offer enhanced support for emotional well-being and self-healing to assist students in managing academic stress.

This research aims to (1) Knowing the differences in self-control among guidance and counseling students at Sanata Dharma University who use social media X (Twitter) based on gender. (2) Determine the level of self-control among guidance and counseling students at Sanata Dharma University who use social media X (Twitter). (3) Knowing the level of self-control among guidance and counseling students at Sanata Dharma University who use social media X (Twitter). Type of quantitative research with a comparative approach. The subjects in this research were BK USD students who used Twitter, totaling 30 male and 30 female students. The questionnaire is based on Averill's self-control theory (in Ghufron and Risnawati, 2010) which has three aspects including: Behavioral control, cognitive control, and control in making decisions. The validity test results obtained a total of 39 valid items.The research results show differences in the level of self-control between guidance and counseling male students and female students who use social media based on the results of Mann Whitney, asymp. the significant value is 0.000 < 0.05, then the Ha (alternative hypothesis) is accepted and the Ho (null hypothesis) is rejected. Male students have lower self-control than female students. Male students tend to have a moderate level of self-control around 21 (70%) and female students tend to have a high level of self-control around 21 (70%).

This research aims to explore the integration of Christian values ​​in Indonesian language learning at Methodist 8 Medan Middle School. The main focus of this research is how Indonesian language teachers apply an integrative approach that not only educates academically but also shapes students' moral character through Christian values, such as love, patience and self-control. The research method used is qualitative, with interviews as the main data collection technique. The research results show that teachers use methods such as discussions and case studies to link religious teachings with language learning. Even though there are challenges, such as students' lack of interest in religious values ​​material, the implementation of Christian values ​​is still carried out through routine school activities such as monthly services and morning prayers, as well as collaboration between language teachers and religion teachers. This research provides an illustration that integrating Christian values ​​in learning can have a positive impact on student character, but requires a creative approach to attract student interest more effectively.

This study aims to determine the level of social skills of 7th grade students of SMP Negeri 15 Yogyakarta in the 2023/2024 school year and to find out the low items to be proposed as guidance topics. This type of research is descriptive quantitative with the subjects in this study are 7th grade students in the 2023/2024 school year. Determination of the sample from the population was carried out using calculations made by Issac and Michel with an error of 10%. Data collection was carried out using a social skills scale with 46 valid items with a Cronbach alpha reliability index of 0.945 which is in the very strong category. The scale is arranged based on 5 (five) aspects, namely cooperation, assertiveness, responsibility, empathy, and self-control. The data analysis technique used descriptive statistics, using the SPSS Ver. 25. With the results, most of the 7th grade students of SMP Negeri 15 Yogyakarta in the 2023/2024 school year have high social skills. The results showed that in 166 students, 35% of students had a very high level of social skills, 55% of students had a high level of social skills, and 10% of students had a moderate level of social skills. There are no low items on the social skills scale that will be proposed as guidance topics.

Phubbing is a behavior where someone uses their smartphone while interacting with others, engrossed in playing with their phone and avoiding direct communication. There are several factors that cause individuals to perform phubbing behavior. Some of these factors are smartphone addiction, Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), and low self-control. In today's era, smartphones contribute significantly to facilitating various activities in society. However, uncontrolled smartphone use can lead to various negative effects, one of which is phubbing behavior. This study was conducted to examine the correlation between self-control and phubbing behavior among college students. This research is non-experimental quantitative research with a correlational design. The sampling technique that used is accidental sampling with the number of samples obtained as many as 236 samples. The instruments used in this study are the Phubbing Scale (PS) and the Self Control Scale (SCS). Based on the results of this study showed that self-control has a significant and strong negative relationship with phubbing behavior among collage students.  

The purpose of this research is to understand that the current development of technology has brought about a phenomenon known as flexing. People who frequently show off their wealth, possessions, and achievements on social media are referred to as flexing. This study employs expert theories related to the spirituality of modesty, particularly A. Setyo Wibowo's theory, which emphasizes sophrosyne (moderation). Modesty teaches individuals to live sufficiently, without excess. The study uses a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. Data collection techniques include observation and in-depth interviews. The findings of this study suggest that the phenomenon of flexing should be addressed through the spirituality of modesty by practicing gratitude in all circumstances, learning self-control, and living with love. Thus, society and social media users are encouraged to always embrace the spirituality of modesty.

The Dhammapada, a revered Buddhist scripture, is structured in the form of gathas, which are poetic teachings rich in noble values and inspiration for self-development. The beautiful language within the Dhammapada frequently employs lexemes and metaphorical sentences that possess a high degree of vagueness. This vagueness necessitates a literal semantic analysis of meaning so that the text can effectively serve as a guide for ethical and spiritual conduct, as well as a tool for teaching morality, meditation, and wisdom. Semantic studies, which analyze the meaning of lexemes or sentences, are still rarely found within Buddhism. However, semantic studies are crucial for a deep understanding of Buddhist teachings, bridging the gap between literal and philosophical interpretations, and providing a foundation for teaching Dhamma relevant to the modern era. This research utilizes a descriptive method with a literature review approach. The results of the semantic study on the figurative meanings within the Dhammapada indicate that a right view (samma ditthi) regarding unwholesome and wholesome actions can be achieved through mind control, management of the six senses, and eradication of mental defilements (kilesa).

The global elderly population in 2022 was 1.4 billion, and in ASEAN, the number of elderly people reached 142 million or 8% of the population. Indonesia has become an aging population since 2021 with 10% of its population being elderly, reaching 28.9 million people in 2022, with 1 elderly person supported by 6 productive residents (BPS, 2022). In DKI Jakarta, there are 951,557 elderly people with 2,340 elderly people in Kelurahan Dukuh (Jakarta Open Data, 2020). The increasing number of elderly people indicates successful development, but unproductive, financially weak, sick elderly people without social security and needing assistance can become an economic burden (BKKBN, 2020). Neglected elderly are at risk of becoming PMKS and are fostered by the Social Service. These elderly people need social adaptation and are vulnerable to depression. This study aims to analyze the process of social adaptation and depression control in an effort to improve the quality of life of neglected elderly at Sasana Tresna Werdha Dukuh 5, 2023-2024. The observational study uses a sequential explanatory mixed-method approach with surveys and in-depth interviews as well as FGDs, using 19 respondents. The results show that 89.47% of respondents are young elderly, 68.42% show moderate social adaptation, 10.53% mild depression, and 26.32% have a moderate quality of life. Some of these elderly people experience social adaptation disorders and schizophrenia, as well as severe social problems. ASN and PJLP lack knowledge about mental disorders, especially depression. In conclusion, most neglected elderly fostered by PSTW experience good self-adaptation, do not experience depression, and have a good quality of life, but some elderly people are found to experience severe depression and moderate quality of life. Special education on mental health for ASN and PJLP is very necessary.    

In order for students to actively develop their potential for religious spiritual strength, self-control, personality, intelligence, morality, life sciences, general knowledge, and the skills they need for society based on the law, education is a planned basic effort to create a learning atmosphere and learning process. Invite. Although it can also be autodidactic, education frequently takes place with the assistance of other people as well as biological parents. Preschool, elementary school, middle school, high school, and finally college, university, or apprenticeship are the typical phases of education. Another important factor in a region's development is education. Therefore, a decision support system that can make suggestions for choosing state institutions and study programs is required for West Sumba Regency SMA/Vocational Schools. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach is used to weight the value of each criterion, and the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method is used to calculate the weighted total or to order the alternatives from best. The weights of each alternative—a state university or study program—along with all of its features are added up to determine recommendations for selecting one. The chosen option will be indicated by a higher value. This system generates a report on the outcomes of management decisions, which includes the management's selections based on all options arranged from greatest to smallest SAW value. MySQL and Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 were used to develop the decision support system suggestions for choosing state colleges and study programs for the database.    

Community Service (PkM) activities through socialization of public speaking materials for student council administrators at SMP Negeri 2 Sangatta Utara aims to improve the verbal communication skills and self-confidence of the participants. This training includes the provision of material on basic public speaking techniques, the use of body language, and emotional control, which is carried out through presentations, discussions, and question and answer sessions. The results of this activity showed an increase in understanding and public speaking skills among participants, which was reflected in their enthusiasm in following each stage of the activity. In addition, this socialization also provided an opportunity for participants to hone their leadership skills and communicate effectively in the school environment. Recommendations for future activities include organizing more interactive training with hands-on practice, in order to achieve more optimal results. Thus, this activity is expected to be an inspiration for similar PkM programs in the future, which aim to develop important skills for the younger generation.)

Public speaking is an ability that a person has to be able to speak in public with the aim of conveying an idea or information. Public speaking is an important skill to have in this day and age. However, in reality, public speaking becomes a scary thing for some people. This is due to feelings of anxiety, fear, nervousness, and lack of confidence in their own abilities. The existence of public speaking seminars and training is expected to increase self-confidence and eliminate feelings of fear when faced with such situations. The activity entitled "Berani Bicara, Berani Berdakwah" was carried out with 3 stages, namely the preparation stage, the implementation stage, and the evaluation stage. From the activities that have been carried out at Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Ula NU 08 Sullamul Hidayah, children can learn and dare to show public speaking skills during the event. Not only that, the children also began to control their negative feelings, such as fear, anxiety, and lack of confidence

Bipolar disorder affects a person’s affect and activities over a certain period of time. In manic and hypomanic episodes, a person with bipolar disorder experiences increased activity and affect in the form of increased energy and activity. In a depressive episode there is a decrease in affect, activity, and reduced energy. This study aimed to determine social adaptation of subjects with bipolar disorder in manic/hypomanic and depressive episode, describe impact of bipolar disorder on social environment of subjects with bipolar disorder, how subjects with bipolar disorder building good friendships, how subjects with bipolar disorder maintain social relationships when in depressive episode, and ability to socialize in campus setting. Researchers used qualitative methods with a case study approach. Data collection techniques use interviews and documentation. The analysis technique uses the help of QDA Miner software version 6.0.11. The results of this research show that a person with bipolar disorder have social adaptation strategies including providing understanding to others, self-control, moral adjustment, and respect for other.

This study investigates the relationship between mathematics self-efficacy and problem-solving ability, exploring the role of the Jigsaw cooperative learning model in enhancing both factors. Self-efficacy, defined as students' belief in their ability to successfully perform mathematical tasks, has been shown to significantly impact students' problem-solving capabilities. The research focuses on understanding how this belief influences academic performance and how the Jigsaw model, which fosters collaborative learning, affects students’ self-efficacy and problem-solving skills. A survey-based research design was employed, with participants consisting of university students enrolled in mathematics courses. Data collection involved administering a self-efficacy scale to assess students' confidence in solving mathematical problems and a problem-solving test to evaluate their abilities. Path analysis was used to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and problem-solving skills, and the effect of the Jigsaw model was evaluated by comparing pre- and post-test scores between the experimental and control groups. The results revealed a strong positive relationship between self-efficacy and problem-solving ability (β = 0.45). Additionally, the Jigsaw model significantly enhanced this relationship, improving both students' self-efficacy and problem-solving performance. These findings highlight the importance of fostering self-efficacy in mathematics education and the effectiveness of the Jigsaw cooperative learning model in achieving this goal. The study provides valuable insights into improving teaching strategies in mathematics, particularly for subjects requiring critical thinking and problem-solving skills, by promoting a more interactive and supportive learning environment.

In order for students to achieve the best learning outcomes, they must be involved in their studies and confident. Combining the debate method and the Number Head method together is one of the useful strategies to increase self-confidence and activity. If the Number Head Together method encourages students to actively participate in their education, the debate method seeks to develop students' self-confidence in voicing their opinions. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in the influence of the experimental class and the control class. The Independent T-Test and Test 3 (Hotteling's T2 Test) were used in experimental research and hypothesis testing. From the first hypothesis test, the Sig value was produced. 0.068> 0.05, which means that there is no effect of learning with a combination of the Number Head Together - Debate Method and learning without treatment on student learning activity. While the results of the second Hypothesis test show a Sig value. 0.416> 0.05, namely there is no effect of learning with a combination of the Number Head Together - Debate Method on student self-confidence. And the results of the Hotteling T2 test show that the ρ-value for learning activity is 0.342 > 0.05, meaning that there is no difference in the average learning activity between students from both classes. The ρ-value for self-confidence is 0.049 < 0.05, meaning that there is a difference in the average self-confidence between students from both classes.

Hypertension is a growing epidemic in the United States, with more than 40% of adults aged 45-64 years and more than 70% of adults aged 65 years and older diagnosed with this condition. Hyperglycemia and high cholesterol contribute to damage to blood vessel walls which triggers hypertension. Physical damage due to hypertension is cumulative, so compliance with treatment is the key to preventing serious illnesses such as end-stage kidney disease. In an effort to improve self-management of elderly people with hypertension, health education activities were carried out at the Wesabbe Complex, working area of ​​the Tamalanrea Community Health Center, Makassar, involving 30 participants. The activity lasted for two days and included lectures, discussions, distribution of leaflets, and blood pressure checks. The results showed an increase in self-management, where before the activity, 66.7% of participants had poor self-management, but after education, 86.7% of participants showed a significant increase in self-management. The evaluation showed an increase in participants' knowledge in hypertension management, including the ability to control blood pressure and recognize signs of increased blood pressure. Conclusion: Health education has proven effective in improving self-management of elderly people with hypertension, which has an impact on increasing their ability to control blood pressure and make health decisions independently. It is recommended that more adequate facilities and infrastructure be provided to support activities to improve public health in the Wesabbe Complex in the Tamalanrea Makassar Health Center Working Area.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disorder worldwide. DM is the most common chronic illness in adults. It is estimated that 300 million people will have DM by 2025, and it will reach approximately 439 million and the prevalence is estimated to be 7.7% by 2030. The decrease of blood glucose levels in patients with DM decreases the mortality and morbidity rates significantly.Objective: To identify the potential risk factors of poor glycemic control among patients having type2 Diabetes mellitus in Al-diwaniya city. Methods: A total of 340 patients were included in the study. This was cross sectional study conducted in the Diabetes  Center at Al-diwaniya city, Iraq, from period of 1st of February to the 1st September2023. Based on the cutoff point of Glycosylated hemoglobin of 7, the poor control were the patients with (Glycosylated hemoglobin is ≥ 7) and the good control were the diabetic patient with Glycosylated hemoglobin is <7. A questionnaire developed to gather the demographic, lipid profile, disease characteristics and lifestyles behaviors and filled by the researcher through direct interview. Results: The total number of poor controls was 221 and the good control was 119 patients. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding sex, age, marital status and occupation. A significant association was observed between the control status and high education level (p=0.001) dyslipidemia (p=0.001), cholesterol level (P=0.002), high TG level (p<0.001), and LDL level (p=0.025). Smoking, Body Mass Index and HDL level were not significant factors (p>0.005). All disease characteristics including the duration, family history of DM, FBS, type of medication were significant factors (p<0.001). Lifestyles  behaviors including  self-monitoring, healthy diet, physical activity, and adherence were significant factors (p<0.001). Conclusion: The most important potential risk factors for poor control diabetes were dyslipidemia, poor adherence and longer duration of diabetes. Enhancement of education of the patients and their healthcare providers on these factors are great benefit in glycemic control.

This research aims to examine the influence of the client-centered approach on students’ self-concept at Al-Ulum Terpadu Islamic Middle School, Medan. The main focus of this research is to evaluate whether the application of counseling techniques based on a client-centered approach can improve students’ self-concept compared to the control group who did not receive treatment. This research is a quantitative research using a quasi experimental method (quasi experimental design) with a two group design (between subject design). The population of this research was 53 students from classes IX-B and X-D. The sample used was purposive sampling. So 10 research samples were taken with a high level of saturation, namely 5 students from the experimental group (IX-B) and 5 children from the control class (IX-D). The research instrument used here is in the form of a questionnaire. The results of this study show that preliminary data shows that before treatment, the majority of students were in the low category (< 76%) in self-concept, with the experimental group showing two students in the low category while the control group were all in the high category (> 79%) . After implementing the client centered approach in group counseling, the experimental group showed significant improvements; only one student was still in the low category, while the control group remained in the high category without any significant changes. The results of this study concluded that the client centered approach was effective in increasing students’ self-concept, in contrast to the control group which did not show changes in self-concept categories. This research confirms the importance of applying client-centered counseling techniques in an educational context to improve students’ self-concept.