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Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common and serious mental health disorder for mothers after givingbirth, which is a public mental health problem because it not only has a direct impact on the baby, but also on the family. The most common symptoms of PPD are overwhelming sadness, feelings of hopelessness and helplessness, moodiness, an inability to experience joy with the baby, serve anxienty, loss of appetite, poor concentration and memory, sleep disturbances, prolonged fatigue, and suicidal ideation (American Psychological Association, 2013). The design used in this study was quantitative by measuring the prevalence of postpartum depression in postpartum mothers using the EPDS form. The research was conducted at Gandapura Community Health Center, this location wa used as the research site because it had not been exposed at all regarding the use of the EPDS form as part of the initial assessment of midwifery services. A population is all elements that meet certain criteria for inclusion in a study. The population in this study was all postpartum mothers who gave birth in the obstetrics ward. The sample criteria in this study are divided into two, namely inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Conclusion: Postpartum guidance provided to mothers influences the risk of postpartum depression. Postpartum women who receive assistance are less likely to experience postpartum depression, and mothe who do not receive assistance are depression.

Severe preeclampsia is a condition characterized by systolic blood pressure exceeding 160 mmHg and diastolic pressure exceeding 110 mmHg, occurring after 20 weeks of gestation and accompanied by edema and proteinuria. One intervention used to save both mother and fetus is a cesarean section. This final nursing scientific paper analyzes the implementation of evidence-based practice, specifically warm foot soak therapy, for mothers with severe preeclampsia during the pre- and postpartum periods who are at risk for ineffective cerebral perfusion. This descriptive case study method used a nursing care approach. Assessment results identified five major nursing problems, including the risk for ineffective cerebral perfusion. After four days of warm foot soak therapy, this problem was resolved, as blood pressure decreased from 147/101 mmHg to 120/88 mmHg. Conclusion: Warm foot soak therapy effectively lowers blood pressure in pre- and postpartum mothers with severe preeclampsia. Recommendation: Nurses can implement warm

Childbirth is the time after labor to restore health again which takes 6-12 weeks. Giving Moringa and banana heart aims to increase the milk production. The result of a survey conducted on 15 postpartum,obtained the result of 9 people (64,28 %) experienced less milk production. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Moringa leaf and banana heart on the increase of milk production in postpartum in  Nunkurus Village, East Kupang District, Kupang Regency. This research is pre experimental research. The population in this study were all postpartum in the work area of Nunkurus Village, East Kupang District, Kupang Regency.Sample size is 15 people obtained from purposive sampling technique. The result of the study were analyzed using the Wilcoxon statistical test. The result of the research showed that before the leaves were given moringa leaf and the banana heart mostly (73,3%) had milk production not smoothly and after given moringa leaf and banana heart almost whole (86,7%) experienced milk production smoothly. Based on Wilcoxon test result show data that the value of ρ = 0,003 and value a = 0,05  can be said that ρ-value <a. So H0 rejected and H1 accepted which means there is an influence of Moringa leaf and banana heart to increase milk production in postpartum mothers in Nunkurus Village, East Kupang District, Kupang Regency. It is Expected that the results of this study can provide information about the benefits of Moringa leaf and banana heart to increase milk production in postpartum in the working area of Nunkurus Village, East Kupang District, Kupang Regency.

Background: Comprehensive midwifery care is essential for early detection of complications and reducing maternal and infant mortality rates. In Sleman Regency, despite high access to health services, continuous monitoring remains crucial for ensuring maternal and fetal safety. Objective: To provide comprehensive midwifery care for Mrs. M at Klinik Pratama Shaqi, Sleman, from the third trimester of pregnancy through the postpartum and neonatal periods. Methods: This is a descriptive qualitative study using a case study approach based on Varney's seven-step midwifery management and SOAP documentation. Findings: During pregnancy (37 weeks 6 days), the mother experienced physiological complaints of back pain and shortness of breath, managed through posture education and pregnancy exercises. Labor proceeded normally and spontaneously on October 6, 2024, utilizing "gentle birth" practices such as endorphin massage to reduce pain. A second-degree perineal tear occurred and was treated according to procedure. The baby was born healthy, weighing 3100 grams, with successful Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIB). During the postpartum and neonatal periods, uterine involution was normal, breast milk production was adequate, and the infant's growth met standards with no danger signs. Implications: Continuous assistance improves the mother's physical and psychological readiness and ensures a healthy neonatal transition.

Background: The maternal mortality rate in Indonesia reaches 177 per 100,000 live births, with 75 percent of deaths occurring in the first week of the postpartum period. The partnership between midwives and village shamans is an adaptive strategy to optimize maternal health services, but its implementation still faces various systemic obstacles. Objective: To analyze factors related to the partnership of village midwives and shamans in caring for postpartum mothers in the BLUD area of the Tumpung Laung Health Center UPT. Methods: A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design involved 50 respondents using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the Chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: There was a significant relationship between age (p=0.032), work experience (p=0.048), education (p=0.000), knowledge (p=0.000), competence (p=0.000), quality of communication (p=0.000), frequency of interaction (p=0.000), policy support (p=0.000), and availability of facilities (p=0.000) with partnership effectiveness. Conclusions: Effective partnerships are influenced by a multiplicity of factors at the individual, interpersonal, and structural levels, requiring holistic interventions through capacity building, communication strengthening, and comprehensive policy support to accelerate maternal mortality reduction.

Background: Anxiety in postpartum mothers is a psychological problem that can negatively impact maternal mental health, marital relationships, and the lactation process. This psychological disorder can inhibit the production and let-down of breast milk, which, if not addressed promptly, can lead to physical complications such as breast engorgement or mastitis, as well as hinder the fulfillment of the infant's nutritional needs. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between anxiety levels and delayed breast milk let-down in postpartum mothers at Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou General Hospital Manado. Methods: This research is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 30 postpartum mothers selected using non-probability sampling. Research instruments included questionnaires and interviews, with data analysis using the chi-square test. Results: The majority of respondents experienced moderate anxiety (60.0%) and had non-smooth breast milk let-down (53.3%). Statistical test results showed a p-value = 0.030, indicating a significant relationship between anxiety levels and delayed breast milk let-down. Conclusion: High anxiety levels in postpartum mothers contribute to delayed breast milk let-down. Psychological support for postpartum mothers is needed to maintain the smoothness of the breastfeeding process.

The postpartum period is a critical transitional phase during which women are vulnerable to psychological disturbances, particularly postpartum depression. Psychological distress may undermine maternal confidence, including the perceived ability to breastfeed effectively. This study aimed to examine the relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy and postpartum depression among postpartum mothers. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed involving 45 respondents selected through total sampling. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), while breastfeeding self-efficacy was measured using the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSE-SF). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s Rank correlation test with a significance level of 0.05. The results demonstrated a statistically significant and strong negative correlation between breastfeeding self-efficacy and postpartum depression (r = –0.616; p < 0.05). Mothers with higher depressive symptoms tended to report lower levels of breastfeeding self-efficacy. These findings highlight the importance of integrating mental health screening and breastfeeding support into postpartum care to strengthen maternal confidence and improve breastfeeding outcomes.  

Postpartum depression is a mood disorder that occurs in mothers after childbirth, with symptoms that can appear from pregnancy until 4 weeks postpartum. This condition negatively impacts the psychological health of the mother and the development of the baby. This study aims to analyze factors associated with the risk of postpartum depression. The method used was quantitative with an analytical survey design through a cross-sectional approach. Data collection was carried out using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) questionnaire consisting of 10 questions. The results of the validity test showed a calculated r value of > 0.3610 and the reliability test obtained a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.67. The study sample consisted of 42 respondents selected using a total sampling technique, with inclusion criteria of mothers aged ≥18 years, in the period <6 weeks postpartum, and willing to be respondents. Data analysis used the chi-square test. The results showed that all variables had a significant relationship with the risk of postpartum depression (p < 0.05). These variables include age (p=0.040), education (p=0.018), occupation (p=0.011), history of depression (p=0.024), complications (p=0.017), economic status (p=0.048), parity (p=0.016), type of delivery (p=0.006), husband's support (p=0.000), and family support (p=0.028). Therefore, it can be concluded that demographic, obstetric, and social support factors play an important role in the risk of postpartum depression. These results are expected to form the basis for prevention efforts and early intervention to improve postpartum maternal mental health.

Umbilical cord infection remains one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among newborns, particularly in areas where knowledge and health practices are still limited. Padellegan Village is one of the regions where some mothers continue to practice traditional cord care methods, such as using herbal mixtures or non-sterile materials, which increases the risk of omphalitis. Initial situation analysis indicates that 40–60% of postpartum mothers are not yet familiar with the principles of clean and dry cord care (dry cord care), and access to accurate health information is still limited. Based on this condition, education on umbilical cord care is essential to improve mothers’ and health cadres’ understanding and skills in preventing neonatal infections. This community service activity focuses on providing evidence-based education regarding safe cord care techniques, infection risk factors, and danger signs that need to be recognized. Padellegan Village was selected due to the high need for maternal–neonatal health education and the low level of community knowledge related to cord care. This activity is expected to bring positive changes, such as improved maternal behavior in performing proper cord care, reduced use of unhygienic traditional methods, and strengthened roles of health cadres in monitoring neonatal health. Enhancing appropriate cord care practices can reduce the risk of infection in newborns, thereby contributing to improving the overall health status of the community in Padellegan Village.

The goal of continuous midwifery care is to use the SOAP documentation technique to provide comprehensive care to pregnant women up to birth control according to care standards. From May 2 - July 14, 2025, Mrs.C, G2P1A0, 32 years old received continuous midwifery care from pregnancy until get contraception methods, starting at 34 weeks of gestation. The mother complained of back pain during prenatal check-ups. The labor process went smoothly. With the assistance of a midwife, the baby was born on June 10, 2025. Birth weight: 3000 grams; length: 50 cm; head circumference: 34 cm; chest circumference: 33 cm; received Hb0 vaccine two hours after birth, eye ointment, and vitamin K shortly thereafter. The baby did not experience any problems or complaints during the first visit. Mrs. C received four visits during the postpartum period. The mother did not feel anything during the first visit up to the following visits. She continued to breastfeed exclusively, and her vital signs and fundal height returned to normal. The mother used a three-month injectable contraceptive so as not to interfere with the exclusive breastfeeding program. Mrs.C has received continuous midwifery care during pregnancy and contraceptive use, and her health is normal. It is expected that the midwife will be able to provide continuous midwifery care so that in the event of an emergency, it can be immediately identified and promptly handled.

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is one of the indicators of the quality of maternal and child health services in a country. Based on data from the 2024 SDKI (Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey), the maternal mortality rate decreased compared to the previous year, from 4,482 cases in 2023 to 4,150 deaths in 2024, but this figure is still far from the 2030 SDG target. In an effort to reduce maternal mortality, the government's program is the Program for Birth Planning and Complication Prevention (BPCR or P4K in bahasa), which emphasizes community empowerment in monitoring pregnant, delivering, and postpartum mothers. In its implementation, P4K still faces obstacles, one of which is the lack of knowledge among mothers and the community regarding P4K. This also occurs in RW17, Cilendek Barat Village, where many people are still unaware of P4K. Health education interventions about the importance of P4K are one of the activities carried out to increase the knowledge of mothers and the community. Participants are pregnant women, community health workers, and neighborhood association leaders. The success of the activity is measured by assessing participants' knowledge before and after the education is conducted. After education was provided, there was an 84% improvement in participants' knowledge. This activity involved community leaders, so it is hoped that it can increase knowledge and understanding of the importance of P4K.

Perineal wounds are commonly experienced by postpartum mothers after vaginal delivery and may cause pain and increase the risk of infection if not properly managed. Appropriate perineal wound care, including the use of non-pharmacological methods, requires adequate maternal knowledge and skills. This program aimed to improve postpartum mothers’ knowledge and skills in perineal wound care through education on betel leaf compresses at PMB Lina Contesa. A community empowerment approach was applied through health education combined with demonstrations and hands-on practice. Evaluation was conducted by assessing changes in maternal knowledge and skills and by observational monitoring of perineal wound conditions. The results showed improvements in maternal knowledge and skills in performing perineal wound care using betel leaf compresses. In addition, postpartum mothers reported reduced pain and no signs of infection during the observation period. These findings indicate that education on betel leaf compresses has the potential to serve as an applicable promotive and preventive approach to support accelerated perineal wound healing among postpartum mothers in primary midwifery care setting.

A decrease in the height of the uterine fundus is an important indicator of a normal uterine involution process after childbirth. Delayed reduction of fundal height may lead to uterine subinvolution, which increases the risk of postpartum hemorrhage, particularly in post–cesarean section mothers. Early breastfeeding and early mobilization are recommended interventions to support uterine contraction, prevent vaginal bleeding, and accelerate uterine involution. This study aimed to examine the effect of early breastfeeding and early mobilization on reducing the height of the uterine fundus in post–sectio caesarea mothers treated in the Amaryllis SMC Room at Telogorejo Hospital. The study employed a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach. The population consisted of 523 post–cesarean section mothers hospitalized at SMC Telogorejo Hospital between January and November 2023. Data were collected using structured observation sheets to measure fundal height before and after the interventions. The results showed that the average uterine fundal height before early breastfeeding and early mobilization was 19.74 cm above the symphysis, while after the interventions it decreased to an average of 12.49 cm above the symphysis. Statistical analysis indicated a significant effect of early breastfeeding and early mobilization on the reduction of uterine fundal height (p = 0.000). These findings highlight the importance of implementing early breastfeeding and mobilization as part of postpartum nursing care to support uterine involution and reduce the risk of complications in post–cesarean section mothers.

Successful breastfeeding is a crucial factor in ensuring maternal and infant health, yet many postpartum mothers experience obstacles in optimally breastfeeding. One factor that plays a significant role in successful breastfeeding is family support and involvement. Families, particularly husbands and immediate family members, play a strategic role in providing the emotional, informational, and instrumental support mothers need during the postpartum period. This study aims to analyze the relationship between family roles and successful breastfeeding in postpartum mothers at TPMB Bdn. Neneng Banjarmasin. This study employed an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 35 postpartum mothers with infants aged 0–6 months selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire to measure family roles and successful breastfeeding, including aspects of early breastfeeding initiation, breastfeeding frequency, maternal comfort, and sustainability of breastfeeding practices. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-square test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that most respondents received good family support and that the majority of postpartum mothers experienced successful breastfeeding. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between family roles and breastfeeding success. In conclusion, family roles are significantly associated with breastfeeding success in postpartum mothers. This finding underscores the importance of a family-centered midwifery care approach in supporting breastfeeding success in community midwifery practice.

Background : The Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) worldwide reaches 183,000 per 100,000 live births (WHO, 2024). In Indonesia, there were 4,305 reported cases (Ministry of Health RI, 2024), while Central Java Province recorded 315 cases (Central Java Health Office, 2024). In Brebes Regency, there were 54 maternal deaths in 2024 (Brebes Health Office, 2024), and in the Bumiayu Public Health Center area, 2 maternal deaths were recorded (Bumiayu PHC Data, 2024). Objective : To analyze, implement, and provide comprehensive midwifery care for Mrs. A, 25 years old, with anemia in the Bumiayu Public Health Center area in 2025, using the Varney midwifery management approach and the SOAP method. Research Methods : This study used a qualitative descriptive design in the form of a case study. Results : Midwifery care during pregnancy for Mrs.A with anemia was carried out bassed on the mother’s needs. During labor, newborn care, postpartum period, and family planning services, no complications were found. Conclusion: The comprehensive midwifery care provided to Mrs. A with anemia was carried out in accordance with the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), with both the mother and baby in good condition.

This study examines postpartum nursing care for mothers undergoing Sectio Caesarea (SC) with the primary nursing diagnosis of ineffective breastfeeding. The purpose is to evaluate the effectiveness of oxytocin massage intervention in improving breastfeeding outcomes in post-SC mothers. The study was conducted in Mawar Ward, RSUD dr. H. Soewondo Kendal, involving four patients experiencing delayed lactation, difficulty in baby latching, and psychological challenges such as anxiety and lack of confidence. The intervention was based on the Indonesian Nursing Intervention Standards (SIKI), focusing on observation, therapeutic actions, education, and collaboration with healthcare teams and family members. Oxytocin massage was performed 2–3 times daily, complemented by warm compresses, breastfeeding position training, and emotional support. The results indicated significant improvements: increased breast milk production, better baby latching, reduced maternal anxiety, and higher self-confidence in breastfeeding. This evidence-based approach highlights that comprehensive postpartum nursing care—integrating physical, psychological, and family support—plays a crucial role in ensuring breastfeeding success and overall maternal recovery after SC.

Oxytocin massage is a technique used to stimulate the release of the hormone oxytocin, which plays a vital role in breastfeeding. Spinal massage stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system, which then triggers the release of oxytocin. This hormone causes contractions in the muscle cells surrounding the milk ducts, thereby promoting breast milk production. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of oxytocin massage on increasing breast milk production in postpartum mothers. This study used a quantitative design with a quasi-experimental approach, namely a one-group pretest-posttest design. The study population was postpartum mothers with breast milk flow problems at the Bandarharjo Community Health Center, Semarang City. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, where researchers selected samples based on certain characteristics. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test. The results of the study showed that the calculated Chi-Square value on the first day (62,000) was greater than the Chi-Square table (12,591), on the second day (54,866 > 23,684), and the third day (58,117 > 32,670). Based on these results, H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted, which means there was a significant effect of oxytocin massage on the smooth production of breast milk in postpartum mothers at the Bandarharjo Community Health Center.

Caesarean section (CS) is a major surgical procedure frequently performed for childbirth with specific medical indications. Early mobilization after CS is crucial to accelerate recovery and prevent complications. The Enhanced Recovery After Caesarean Surgery (ERACS) method is a modern approach aimed at enhancing recovery through multimodal pain management and early mobilization. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the ERACS method on early mobilization in post-caesarean section mothers. This research employed a quantitative design with a one-group post-test only approach. The study population comprised postpartum mothers following CS at Islamic Hospital (RSI) Al-Ikhlas Pemalang. A total of 50 respondents were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using observation sheets and analysed using a one-sample t-test. The results showed that the majority of respondents (78%) achieved independent early mobilization, with a statistically significant p-value of 0.000, indicating a meaningful effect. This study consists of viii (8) pages of introduction, 72 pages of main discussion, 5 data tables, 2 conceptual framework diagrams, and 8 supporting appendices. In conclusion, the ERACS method has a positive effect on early mobilization in post-caesarean section mothers.

This study examines postpartum nursing care for mothers undergoing Sectio Caesarea (SC) with the primary nursing diagnosis of ineffective breastfeeding. The purpose is to evaluate the effectiveness of oxytocin massage intervention in improving breastfeeding outcomes in post-SC mothers. The study was conducted in Mawar Ward, RSUD dr. H. Soewondo Kendal, involving four patients experiencing delayed lactation, difficulty in baby latching, and psychological challenges such as anxiety and lack of confidence. The intervention was based on the Indonesian Nursing Intervention Standards (SIKI), focusing on observation, therapeutic actions, education, and collaboration with healthcare teams and family members. Oxytocin massage was performed 2–3 times daily, complemented by warm compresses, breastfeeding position training, and emotional support. The results indicated significant improvements: increased breast milk production, better baby latching, reduced maternal anxiety, and higher self-confidence in breastfeeding. This evidence-based approach highlights that comprehensive postpartum nursing care—integrating physical, psychological, and family support—plays a crucial role in ensuring breastfeeding success and overall maternal recovery after SC.

Postpartum anxiety is a psychological problem that often occurs after childbirth and can have a direct impact on decreased breast milk production. Non-pharmacological efforts that can help overcome this are Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) therapy and Endorphin, Oxytocin, and Suggestive Massage Stimulation (SPEOS). This community service activity aims to improve comfort, calmness, and increase breast milk production through the application of a combination of SEFT and SPEOS therapy to postpartum mothers in the Sambau Community Health Center, Batam City. The activity method is carried out through education, demonstrations, and direct practice with postpartum mothers given to 48 postpartum mothers. The results of the activity showed an increase in mothers' knowledge about SEFT and SPEOS relaxation techniques, about managing anxiety, and how to increase breast milk production as obtained from the results of qualitative evaluations through interviews and group discussions. This activity received a positive response from participants and local health workers, and is recommended for routine implementation in community midwifery services.