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The rapid development of information and communication technology has encouraged military organizations to adopt modern systems capable of supporting operational effectiveness. One of the challenges faced by the Indonesian Marine Corps is the limitation of conventional monitoring methods that still rely on voice reports through tactical radios and manual communication systems. This condition often causes delays in information delivery, inaccuracies in troop positioning data, and difficulties in controlling personnel and logistics in dynamic operational environments. This study aims to formulate a conceptual model for the utilization of a GPS Tracking System integrated with Marine Corps communication equipment to improve troop and material movement monitoring. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method with a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through literature review, observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation involving operational personnel and military communication experts. The results indicate that integrating GPS Tracking Systems with communication equipment can provide real-time location information, improve command and control effectiveness, accelerate reporting processes, enhance logistics supervision, and support operational evaluations through recorded movement data. The proposed concept is expected to strengthen situational awareness, increase operational efficiency, and support mission success in future Marine Corps operations.

The Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lane II (ALKI II) constitutes a strategic route stretching from the Sulawesi Sea to the Indian Ocean with trade values reaching USD 1.5 million daily and traversed by more than 36,773 vessels annually. The complexity of maritime security threats in this region has increasingly intensified following the relocation of the capital city to East Kalimantan, thereby demanding an effective decision support system to assist Indonesian Warship Commanders in making operational decisions that are rapid, accurate, and in accordance with applicable legal provisions. This research employs a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with four maritime expert sources, with data analysis using NVivo 12 software. Analysis results identified maritime operational complexity and the urgent need for a comprehensive decision support system. These findings subsequently served as guidance in designing a Decision Support System (DSS) with a tab-based interface that integrates international legal frameworks such as UNCLOS 1982, Law No. 3/2025 on TNI, and related national regulations to generate structured action recommendations along with their legal foundations. Research findings demonstrate that the developed DSS successfully integrates operational, legal, and situational aspects to support decision-making that is rapid, accurate, and legally compliant. This system has proven to enhance the effectiveness of Indonesian Warship Commanders in addressing the complexity of maritime security (KAMLA) challenges in ALKI II through the provision of legally-based action recommendations from national and international frameworks accessible in realtime during operational situations.  

This research is motivated by the importance of implementing Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) in speed boat maintenance activities as a supporting facility for ship agency operations at PT. Sinar Pasific. The high intensity of speed boat usage makes the fleet vulnerable to damage if maintenance is not carried out regularly and according to procedures. Based on initial observations, inconsistencies in maintenance implementation, incomplete documentation, and damage to the engine, electrical systems, and hull were still found, which can disrupt company operations. This study aims to determine the implementation of SOPs, the obstacles encountered, and the efforts made to optimize speed boat maintenance at PT. Sinar Pasific. This research was conducted at PT. Sinar Pasific during the author’s Onboard Practical Training (PRADA) from August 2024 to July 2025. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method. The data sources were obtained through direct field observation, semi-structured interviews with personnel involved in speed boat operations, and documentation studies related to fleet maintenance activities. The results show that the implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) in speed boat maintenance at PT. Sinar Pasific has been carried out but has not yet run optimally. This is indicated by inconsistent maintenance schedules, lack of supervision, and incomplete maintenance documentation. In addition, several problems were still found, such as damage to the engine, electrical systems, and speed boat hulls, which can hinder company operations. To overcome these obstacles, the company has made efforts by improving discipline in SOP implementation, conducting regular supervision and evaluation, improving maintenance documentation, and increasing technicians’ understanding of the importance of preventive maintenance so that speed boat conditions are maintained and operational activities run smoothly.

This study examines plant water requirement management in urban farming using an automatic drip irrigation system. The system consists of 20 reused 1.5-liter bottles as water reservoirs and 20 emitters as drip control valves. The experiment was conducted on two planting beds, namely basil and mustard greens, with drip settings of 60, 125, and 180 drops. Before operation, calibration and correction factors were applied to ensure that the design discharge matched field conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the drip irrigation layout model and plant water requirements over 37 days. The layout used a parallel arrangement of three rows of plants with two rows of irrigation devices placed between them. Water demand was calculated using the radiation method based on daily evapotranspiration (ETo), considering latitude, altitude, temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity data. The results showed that ETo ranged from 8.51 to 8.84 mm/day, equivalent to 38.937 to 40.094 liters/day. After applying correction factors for each drip setting, the actual water requirement indicated surplus water stored in the soil and used for plant growth. The study concludes that drip irrigation management must account for residual soil water so that evapotranspiration demand during sunlight exposure is continuously met

The increasing demand for electricity and high dependence on the utility power grid have driven the adoption of photovoltaic (PV) power generation as an environmentally friendly alternative energy source. This study aims to analyze the techno-economic feasibility of a load-sharing PV power generation system, focusing on technical analysis, operational costs, electricity bill savings, and environmental impacts. The research was conducted using quantitative methods to compare energy from photovoltaic generation and the grid, carbon emission calculations using an emission factor of 0,87 kgCO₂/kWh, and economic evaluation through parameters such as Net Present Value (NPV), Return on Investment (ROI), Cost of Energy (COE), and Payback Period (PP). The research results indicate that the photovoltaic panel generation system enables reducing utility grid energy consumption and reducing carbon emissions by 4,85 tons of CO₂ in 2024, increasing to 8,45 tons of CO₂ in 2025. The economic analysis indicates that the NPV value is not yet optimal; however, the ROI stands at 15%, the COE is Rp. 980.08/kWh, and the Payback Period is 6,56 years. The system is feasible for long-term investment. Overall, the implementation of the photovoltaic power plant demonstrates good potential in supporting carbon emission reduction, increasing the utilization of renewable energy, and reducing dependence on fossil-based energy.

The contemporary moral crisis, marked by the prevalence of hoaxes, corruption, intolerance, and hedonism, demands a strategic response from the Islamic tradition. This research aims to actualize Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) moral exemplariness as a strategy for strengthening Muslim character. Using a qualitative literature review method with a thematic-integrative approach, this study analyzes primary sources (the Quran, authentic hadiths, classical Islamic texts) and secondary sources (national and international academic journals). The findings identify five dimensions of Prophetic exemplariness (siddiq, amanah, rahmah, zuhud, hikmah) that directly correspond to 24 character strengths in Peterson and Seligman's Values in Action (VIA) framework. This research formulates four actualization strategies: internalization through contemporary Sufism, behavioral modeling (uswah fi'liyah), moral community reinforcement (al-biah al-shalihah), and Islamic digital literacy. The primary contribution of this research is an integrative model linking Prophetic moral values with modern character psychology, supplemented by an integration table mapping moral crises, Prophetic values, and character-strengthening strategies. This model is intended to serve as an operational framework for Islamic educational institutions, families, and Muslim communities in addressing moral crises systematically and evidence-based.

In order to raise the standard of healthcare services in the contemporary period, digital transformation in hospital management has become a phenomena. The purpose of this study is to investigate the adoption, advantages, difficulties, and success aspects of digital transformation in healthcare facilities. A literature review employing a narrative review system was the methodology. 14 papers that met the inclusion requirements were found using data sources from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases with publication years ranging from 2020 to 2025. To determine the primary study themes, data analysis was carried out utilising a thematic synthesis approach. According to the study's findings, digital transformation can enhance operational effectiveness, service quality, and patient safety by using technology including electronic health records (EHR), telemedicine, and hospital management information systems. However, there are still a number of obstacles to its adoption, such as inadequate infrastructure, inadequate human resource competency, expensive investment costs, and data security threats. Significant barriers also include a lack of system integration and opposition to change. Government policies and regulatory assistance have an impact on the success of digital transformation in hospital administration.

The rapid advancement of information and communication technology has increased the need for data security and confidentiality in digital information exchange. Various threats, such as eavesdropping, data theft, and information manipulation, require effective security methods capable of protecting message content without attracting unauthorized attention. One of the techniques used to address this issue is steganography, which conceals secret information within digital media so that the existence of the message remains undetectable. This study aims to implement the Least Significant Bit (LSB) method on digital facial images as a medium for embedding secret messages and to evaluate the quality of the resulting stego images. The system was developed using the Python programming language with a Tkinter-based graphical user interface to facilitate the processes of message embedding and extraction. Prior to embedding, the secret message was secured using an XOR encryption operation with a specific key. The embedding process was performed by modifying the least significant bits of image pixels, resulting in minimal visual distortion. Experimental results indicate that the LSB method successfully conceals secret messages while maintaining the visual quality of the cover image. The evaluation produced low Mean Squared Error (MSE) values and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) values exceeding 85 dB, indicating a very high similarity between the original and stego images. Furthermore, the hidden message could be accurately extracted using the correct key, provided that the image had not undergone compression or manipulation. Therefore, the LSB-based steganography approach on digital facial images is proven to be an effective method for enhancing information security and confidentiality.

This study examines the alignment of Regional Regulation of Grobogan Regency Number 3 of 2022 concerning the Environmental Protection and Management Plan (RPPLH) 2022–2052 with higher-level legislation, particularly Law Number 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning Job Creation, and Government Regulation Number 26 of 2025 on RPPLH from the perspective of Rechtszekerheid (Certitudo Juris). The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. Primary legal materials include environmental legislation and the Grobogan RPPLH Regulation, while secondary materials consist of scholarly literature, academic journals, and official reports. The findings reveal that the Grobogan RPPLH Regulation is generally consistent with the fundamental principles of environmental protection established in national legislation. Nevertheless, several technical and operational inconsistencies remain, particularly regarding monitoring and evaluation mechanisms, environmental carrying and assimilative capacity arrangements, environmental information systems, substantive public participation, and legal consequences for non-compliance with RPPLH provisions. These shortcomings may create regulatory conflicts, legal uncertainty, and ineffective environmental governance. From the perspective of Rechtszekerheid, environmental policy implementation in Grobogan Regency has not fully satisfied the requirements of legal clarity, procedural certainty, consistency of enforcement, and public accountability. Therefore, regulatory harmonization is required through limited revision of the RPPLH Regulation, preparation of implementing regulations, institutional strengthening, integration of RPPLH into regional development planning, and establishment of an integrated environmental information system. These measures are necessary to ensure sustainable environmental governance and strengthen legal certainty in environmental protection and management.

This study investigates the role of Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT) in empowering Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through the integration of Maqashid Sharia principles and financial inclusion strategies. Despite the strategic importance of MSMEs in economic growth and poverty reduction, many face challenges in accessing formal financial services. BMT, with its dual function of social (maal) and commercial (tamwil) activities, offers a unique platform to bridge this gap. Using a qualitative systematic literature review guided by PRISMA, this study analyzes 30 relevant articles to examine BMT operational models, implementation of Maqashid Sharia objectives, financial inclusion practices, and their impact on MSME performance. Findings indicate that BMT effectively supports MSMEs in capital access, income generation, and business resilience, but inconsistencies in balancing social and commercial objectives limit. holistic empowerment. Integrating Maqashid Sharia principles enhances ethical and sustainable outcomes, while financial inclusion expands outreach to underserved entrepreneurs. Optimization strategies, including strengthening institutional capacity, combining financial and non-financial support, and context-specific interventions, are essential for maximizing BMT effectiveness. This study contributes a comprehensive framework linking ethical, financial, and empowerment dimensions, offering practical guidance for policymakers and BMT managers in promoting inclusive and sustainable MSME development.

This study aims to provide the benefits of a psychological approach in education through a learning adjustment strategy based on the developmental stage and age limits of students. The study used a library method with a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach through a review of educational psychology literature, cognitive development theory, national education regulations, and various relevant scientific journals. The results of the study indicate that learning effectiveness is greatly influenced by the alignment between material, teaching methods, and students' psychological readiness. Piaget's cognitive development theory indicates that elementary school-aged children are at the concrete operational stage, thus requiring contextual learning, the use of real-life media, and active interaction in the learning process. This study also found that age limits in the education system have an important function as a means of synchronizing students' biological, emotional, social, and intellectual readiness with learning targets. Through the "Psychological Navigation" model, this study offers a strategic framework for educators to create adaptive, humanistic learning that is oriented towards optimal student development. The implications of this study emphasize that teachers need to understand the individual characteristics of students so that the educational process does not only focus on academic achievement, but also supports the psychological well-being and character formation of students as a whole.

Food and nutrition governance is a central issue in subnational development, especially in areas with high agricultural potential but persistent malnutrition. This study analyzes how Grobogan Regency, Indonesia, implements food and nutrition governance through its 2025–2029 Regional Action Plan for Food and Nutrition Based on Local Resource Potential (RAD-PGBPSDL). Using qualitative policy analysis, the research examines policy design, strategic priorities, coordination mechanisms, and indicator frameworks, supported by secondary data on food production, consumption, poverty, and nutrition. Findings show that Grobogan possesses strong local food assets, including surplus production, improved dietary quality, and diverse commodities. However, major governance challenges persist, such as high stunting rates, maternal energy deficiency, uneven food access, climate-related production risks, and fragmented cross-sector data systems. The policy demonstrates a shift toward multisectoral governance by integrating food availability, affordability, utilization, institutional coordination, climate resilience, and local food diversification. Implementation may be constrained by limited operational detail, uneven agency readiness, and insufficient monitoring and accountability. The study highlights that effective food and nutrition governance requires institutional coordination, evidence-based planning, and adaptive public management. The Grobogan case provides practical lessons for strengthening subnational governance in Indonesia and similar developing contexts.

Diesel engines are widely used in the transportation and industrial sectors due to their high thermal efficiency and good operational durability. However, increased fuel consumption due to inefficiency of the injection system remains a common problem. Injector characteristics, particularly nozzle diameter and injection pressure, are important factors that affect the quality of fuel atomization, air-fuel mixing, and combustion efficiency. An inappropriate combination of parameters can cause suboptimal combustion and increase fuel consumption. This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in nozzle diameter and injection pressure on fuel consumption efficiency in diesel engines. The method used is an experiment with variations in nozzle diameter of 0.150 mm, 0.152 mm, and 0.154 mm and injection pressures of 400 bar, 420 bar, and 440 bar. Tests were conducted at engine speeds of 500 rpm, 1000 rpm, and 1500 rpm with a fuel consumption measurement time of one minute for each parameter combination. Fuel consumption was measured using the volumetric method and analyzed through the fuel volumetric flow rate, fuel mass flow rate, Brake Power (BP), and Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC). The results showed that the combination of a nozzle diameter of 0.150 mm and an injection pressure of 400 bar produced the lowest BSFC value, thus providing the best fuel consumption efficiency. Meanwhile, the combination of a nozzle diameter of 0.152 mm and an injection pressure of 420 bar showed the closest condition to optimal because it was able to provide a balance between atomization quality and the amount of fuel injected, resulting in efficient and stable combustion. Thus, the efficiency of a diesel engine is influenced by the balance of nozzle size and injection pressure, not solely by the lowest fuel consumption.

The growth of the nickel mining industry in Indonesia, particularly in Southeast Sulawesi Province, has made this sector one of the main contributors to the Regional Gross Domestic Product (RGDP). However, the development of supporting infrastructure—especially mining haulage roads—still faces various risks that could potentially cause project delays and disrupt operational efficiency. Therefore, a systematic risk identification process is necessary to ensure that project implementation proceeds in accordance with established time, cost, and quality targets. This study aims to identify and assess risks in mining infrastructure development projects using a stakeholder-based approach. This approach is employed to gain an understanding of the risks that arise from the perspectives of the parties involved in the project. The results of this study describe the dominant risks that could potentially occur in nickel mining projects, namely opposition from the local community surrounding the project, conflicts with community organizations, denial of access to project roads, and disruption of project security due to inadequate security measures by authorities. It is hoped that these dominant risks can serve as a basis for developing effective risk mitigation strategies to support the successful and sustainable development of mining infrastructure.

Patient trust is a crucial variable in hospital management, determining clinical success, treatment adherence, and institutional loyalty. In the increasingly competitive and digitalized modern healthcare landscape, hospitals face unique challenges stemming from the inherent characteristics of healthcare services. This article presents a systematic literature review exploring the determinants of patient trust through the lens of hospital service characteristics: intangibility, inseparability, variability, and perishability. This study followed the PRISMA protocol and analyzed 150 articles published between 2010 and 2026 from Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The review results indicate that assurance and empathy are the most significant service quality dimensions in mitigating perceived risk due to intangibility. Meanwhile, the quality of therapeutic communication is a key factor in managing inseparability, and standardization of operational procedures is necessary to address variability. The study also identifies the role of digital technology and the physical environment as "tangible evidence" that strengthens hospital credibility. The managerial implications of this research emphasize the need for organizational culture transformation oriented toward humanitarian values ​​and transparency to rebuild public trust that has eroded in the post-pandemic era.

The quality of boiler feedwater is a crucial factor in maintaining the operational reliability of ship machinery systems against the risks of corrosion and scale formation. This research focuses on the design and development of a real-time monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) to automatically determine water quality. The hardware development utilizes a NodeMCU ESP32 microcontroller that integrates four main sensors: a pH sensor, a DS18B20 temperature sensor, a Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) sensor, and a turbidity sensor. The methodology applied is an experimental systems engineering model, encompassing circuit design, software programming, and the implementation of simple artificial intelligence. The automatic decision-making process in this tool is designed using zero-order Sugeno fuzzy logic with input parameters of turbidity, salinity, and acidity level (pH). The obtained data is transmitted wirelessly to a Firebase database and visualized through a 0.96-inch OLED display. Functional tests on seven fluid characteristics including pure water, hard water, and muddy water show that this prototype can accurately classify water quality into Good, Fair, and Poor categories. The main contribution of this design is the provision of a preventive, efficient, and applicable boiler maintenance solution for the modern shipping industry.

The rapid development of information technology drives various business sectors, including the beauty and health industry, to adopt digital systems in their operational management. A Beauty Clinic, a medium-scale aesthetic clinic, faces significant operational challenges in managing human resources, finance, and digital marketing in an integrated manner. This study aims to analyze the existing manual operational system of A Beauty Clinic using the PIECES framework (Performance, Information, Economy, Control, Efficiency, Service), design and configure an Odoo ERP Community Edition implementation integrating the HR, Invoicing/Point of Sale, and Social Marketing modules, and evaluate the operational efficiency improvements achieved. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study method and Rapid Application Development (RAD) as the system development methodology. Data was collected through direct observation and semi-structured interviews. The results show that the manual system experienced critical problems across all six PIECES dimensions. Post-implementation evaluation indicates an estimated 80% reduction in the secretary's administrative workload (from 20–25 hours to 3–5 hours per month), over 90% reduction in payroll error frequency, and an 87% reduction in transaction processing time per cashier transaction. The implementation of role-based access control and complete audit trails fundamentally addressed the security vulnerabilities identified in the as-is analysis. This study demonstrates that Odoo Community Edition is an effective, comprehensive, and cost-efficient ERP solution for small and medium-scale beauty clinics seeking to transform from fragmented manual systems to integrated, data-driven information systems.

The development of technology in the digital era has significantly altered consumer behavior, particularly for Generation Z, who are known as digital natives. This group possesses unique characteristics, highly relying on social media to seek product information before making purchasing decisions. This study aims to analyze digital marketing management strategies through social media in enhancing brand engagement and loyalty among Generation Z consumers, as well as to identify the key determinants of its success. The research method employed is descriptive qualitative, utilizing literature review as the data collection technique across prior scientific sources. The analysis reveals that the implementation of digital marketing strategies based on visual content and short-form videos on platforms such as TikTok and Instagram is proven to be highly effective in capturing the audience's attention rapidly. In addition to content format, collaboration with highly credible influencers and the application of authentic, responsive two-way communication serve as the main pillars in building emotional proximity and trust among young consumers. Operationally, this strategy offers cost efficiency and a broader market reach. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that the optimal integration between management information systems and interactive, adaptive communication approaches toward digital trends is the main key to winning the market and sustaining the long-term loyalty of Generation Z.

Flight crew productivity is a strategic factor in maintaining flight safety, operational efficiency, and airline competitiveness in the high-reliability aviation industry. This study aims to analyze and synthesize factors influencing flight crew productivity through a conceptual approach based on literature review. The research method used is library research with a systematic literature review technique. The type of data used is secondary data in the form of scientific articles, proceedings, and relevant previous research reports. Data sources were obtained from scientific databases such as Scopus, EBSCO, Copernicus, and SINTA. The results of the study indicate that adequate individual capabilities, a high level of work engagement, a measurable KPI system, and a fair and competitive remuneration scheme have a positive relationship with increasing aircrew productivity. Managerial implications emphasize the importance of designing integrated human resource policies, particularly in competency development, a safety- and efficiency-based performance appraisal system, and compensation management oriented towards sustainable performance.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of quality control in the carbonated beverage filling process using an automated filler machine and to identify critical control points that influence product conformity and production efficiency. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed through production line observation, machine monitoring, and quality control documentation review. The study focused on the filling process of carbonated beverages packaged in 330 mL aluminum cans and the associated quality control activities throughout the production line. The findings show that the filling process is the key quality control stage, supported by the automated filler machine, Fill High Detector (FHD), seaming, temperature stabilization, and traceability systems to maintain product conformity. The study was limited to a descriptive evaluation of a single production line and did not include statistical process capability analysis or quantitative measurements of filling variation. Therefore, the findings primarily provide operational insights rather than statistical validation of process performance. The findings may assist beverage manufacturers in improving filling accuracy, strengthening inspection systems, and enhancing production reliability through effective quality control practices. This study provides a comprehensive overview of quality control implementation in an automated carbonated beverage filling system and highlights the integration of filling, inspection, and supporting production processes in maintaining product quality and operational efficiency.