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Introduction: Febrile seizures are seizure episodes that occur due to an increase in body temperature above 38°C without evidence of central nervous system infection such as meningitis or encephalitis. In Indonesia, the prevalence of febrile seizures is approximately 2–5% among children aged 6 months to 3 years, and around 30% of these cases experience recurrence or recurrent febrile seizures. Therefore, an appropriate nursing care plan is required to manage patients with febrile seizures. Methods: This scientific paper employed a descriptive narrative method to illustrate the provision of nursing care to patients through the nursing process approach. The general objective of this study was to understand and implement nursing care for patients with febrile seizures. Results: The nursing diagnoses identified in patients with febrile seizures were hyperthermia, risk for injury, and knowledge deficit. Nursing interventions included hyperthermia management, safety management, and health education. Conclusion: After two days of nursing implementation, two nursing diagnoses were resolved and one was partially resolved. Discharge planning included monitoring the patient's condition, particularly for seizure signs, maintaining a safe environment, educating the family about injury prevention during seizures, and encouraging family members to continuously supervise the patient.

Hypertension is a condition in which systolic blood pressure exceeds 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure is above 90 mmHg. Hypertension is the leading chronic non-communicable disease among adults in Indonesia, with a prevalence of 26.5%, and tends to increase with age. Family nursing care plays an important role in helping patients manage hypertension through education, pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, and ongoing monitoring. This case study aimed to describe comprehensive nursing care for Ny. K, a 66-year-old patient from the family of Tn. I, diagnosed with hypertension in Desa Tonjong RT 02 RW 04, Kecamatan Tonjong, Kabupaten Brebes. Nursing care was conducted from December 27 to 29, 2025, using interview, physical examination, observation, and documentation methods. Two nursing diagnoses were identified: (1) Risk of ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion, and (2) Knowledge deficit related to hypertension. Nursing interventions included vital sign monitoring, oral medication administration (Amlodipine 10 mg), health education on hypertension, and non-pharmacological therapy using bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) decoction. Evaluation results showed that the knowledge deficit was resolved after one session of health education, while the risk of ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion was partially resolved, with blood pressure decreasing from 180/100 mmHg to 165/90 mmHg over three home visits. It is recommended that families continue the bay leaf decoction therapy for one week and maintain regular blood pressure monitoring at the nearest health facility.

This study aims to examine the role of teachers in developing emotional intelligence among adolescent students at SMP Kesatrian Surakarta. Emotional intelligence is an essential aspect that supports academic achievement, social relationships, and character development. This research employed a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 15 teachers teaching grades VII to IX, participant observations in classroom settings, and analysis of relevant school documents. The findings reveal that teachers play a strategic role in fostering students’ emotional intelligence through three primary approaches: emotional modeling by demonstrating appropriate emotional management (45%), facilitating emotion-based learning activities (30%), and evaluating students’ emotional intelligence development (25%). These roles significantly contribute to improving students’ self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, and social skills. Supporting factors include emotional intelligence training programs provided by the local education authority and the school’s commitment to creating a supportive learning environment. However, major challenges consist of high administrative workloads among teachers (70%) and limited counseling facilities (50%). This study recommends continuous teacher training, the integration of emotional intelligence modules into lesson plans, and collaboration with school psychologists to ensure long-term monitoring and development of students’ emotional competencies. The findings contribute to the enrichment of emotional intelligence literature within the context of Indonesian secondary education.

Nutritional problems among school-age children remain an important challenge in human resource development in Indonesia. Adequate nutritional status is essential for supporting physical growth, cognitive development, learning achievement, and future productivity. Schools play a strategic role in promoting children's health through nutritional monitoring and educational interventions, particularly during the implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG). This community service activity aimed to monitor students’ nutritional status and strengthen awareness of the importance of nutrition as a foundation for human resource development. The activity was conducted on April 5–6, 2026, at SD Negeri 09 Jambi City and involved 261 students from grades I to III. A school-based assistance approach was implemented through anthropometric measurements, including body weight and height assessments, followed by balanced nutrition education. The findings revealed that 77.0% of students had normal nutritional status, while 8.8% were undernourished, 9.6% were overweight, and 4.6% were classified as obese. The activity also increased school awareness regarding the importance of continuous nutritional monitoring and evidence-based health management. These findings suggest that school-based nutritional monitoring can support the implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal Program and serve as an initial effort to strengthen human resource development by fostering healthier, more productive, and higher-quality future generations.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insufficient insulin production or ineffective insulin utilization. The prevalence of DM in Indonesia reached 11.7% in the 2023 National Health Survey, with Brebes Regency recording 568 DM cases in 2025 and increasing to 157 cases in Tonjong Village in January 2026. This case study aims to describe comprehensive nursing care for Ny. M, a 52-year-old patient diagnosed with endocrine system disorder (diabetes mellitus), in the family of Tn. I at Karang Anyar Village, Tonjong District, Brebes Regency. The method used was a case study with data collection through interview, observation, physical examination, blood glucose measurement, and literature review conducted on December 26–28, 2025. The assessment found subjective data: the patient frequently felt fatigue, tingling in both legs, excessive thirst, and increased urination frequency. Objective data: pale and fatigued face, blood pressure 150/100 mmHg, pulse 95x/min, respiration 22x/min, temperature 36.7°C, and random blood glucose (RBG) 155 mg/dl. Two nursing diagnoses were established: blood glucose instability and readiness for enhanced knowledge. Interventions implemented included hyperglycemia management (monitoring blood glucose, dietary education, complementary herbal therapy with ginger and honey), and health education regarding DM complications. Evaluation results showed that after 2 days of nursing visits, fatigue decreased, blood glucose improved (RBG 130 mg/dl), and the patient's knowledge about DM complications was resolved.

Background: Community nursing is a specialty field that combines nursing science skills, public health sciences, and social assistance in addressing individual and family health problems, including non-communicable diseases such as gout arthritis. Gout arthritis is a metabolic disease characterized by pain and joint inflammation due to the accumulation of purine crystals (hyperuricemia). The WHO reports a prevalence of gout arthritis reaching 3.74% globally, while in Indonesia the prevalence reaches 11.9% based on health worker diagnosis. In Brebes Regency, the prevalence reaches 13.67%, with 3,078 sufferers out of 22,550 productive-age population. Objective: To provide comprehensive community nursing care to Ny. R with musculoskeletal system disorder: gout arthritis in Tonjong Village, Tonjong District, Brebes Regency. Method: This study uses a case study approach with data collection through interview, observation, physical examination, and documentation study conducted on December 26–28, 2025. Results: Assessment findings showed that Ny. R, a 60-year-old woman, had a history of gout arthritis for 3 months with uric acid levels of 9.6 mg/dL, complaining of pain and aching in the left foot with pain scale 3. Two nursing diagnoses were established: acute pain and knowledge deficit. Nursing interventions included pain management, uric acid level monitoring, lemongrass stem decoction foot soak complementary therapy, and health education using leaflets. After 2 days of implementation, uric acid levels decreased to 8.2 mg/dL and pain scale decreased to 2. Conclusion: Community nursing care through complementary therapy (lemongrass stem decoction foot soak) and health education effectively reduced pain and improved knowledge about gout arthritis in Ny. R.

Introduction: Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke (NHS) or ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke resulting from blood vessel blockage that inhibits oxygen supply to brain tissue. The prevalence of stroke in Indonesia was recorded at 10.9 cases per 1,000 population in 2013 and increased to 70 cases per 1,000 population (equivalent to 7.0%) in 2017. At RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency, the prevalence of stroke cases was recorded at 647 people (3.74%) in 2023, 682 people (3.94%) in 2024, and 1,120 people (6.48%) in 2025. These cases frequently cause impairments in physical, emotional, cognitive, and social functioning, necessitating comprehensive care and management. Writing Method: This scientific writing used descriptive narrative methods through a nursing process approach, aiming to describe nursing care in patients with Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke. Results: Four nursing diagnoses were identified in Ny. M with Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke: ineffective cerebral perfusion risk, impaired physical mobility, knowledge deficit, and fall risk. Nursing interventions included intracranial pressure increase management, neurological monitoring, intravenous medication administration, mobilization support, health education, and fall prevention. Conclusion: After two days of nursing implementation, 2 nursing diagnoses were resolved and 2 others were partially resolved: ineffective cerebral perfusion risk via discharge planning delegated to the ward nurse, and impaired physical mobility with discharge planning including recommendations for gradual passive range of motion exercises and continued family involvement in patient care.

Background: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a condition characterized by the inability of the heart to pump blood optimally, resulting in the accumulation of fluid in the lungs and other organs. This condition frequently causes ineffective airway clearance due to hypersecretion of the airway. Objective: This study aims to describe the comprehensive nursing care provided to Ny. R with Cardiovascular System Disorder: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) with the main nursing problem of ineffective airway clearance at the Melati Ward of RSUD Banyumas. Method: This study used a descriptive method through a case study approach. Data were collected through interviews, physical examination, observation, and documentation. Results: Two nursing diagnoses were identified: (1) ineffective airway clearance related to airway hypersecretion, and (2) activity intolerance related to an imbalance between oxygen supply and demand. Nursing interventions included airway management and energy management. After two days of implementation (January 27–28, 2026), the first diagnosis was resolved and the second was partially resolved, with continued interventions recommended including monitoring of physical and emotional fatigue, advising bed rest, and monitoring vital signs. Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing care with appropriate interventions can effectively address ineffective airway clearance in CHF patients.

Background: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood effectively due to structural or functional disorders, commonly manifesting as dyspnea, fluid retention, and peripheral edema. Globally, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death, with CHF affecting more than 55-65 million people worldwide. Objective: To perform comprehensive nursing care on patient Ny. A with cardiovascular system disorder: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) in the Mawar I Ward of RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency. Methods: This study used a descriptive method through a case study approach. Data were collected via interview, observation, and physical examination. Results: Four nursing diagnoses were identified: ineffective breathing pattern, hypervolemia, activity intolerance, and knowledge deficit. Interventions included respiratory monitoring, hypervolemia management, energy management, and health education on disease process. After two days of nursing implementation, three diagnoses were resolved and one (hypervolemia) was partially resolved. Conclusion: Nursing care for Ny. A with CHF was carried out through assessment, nursing diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation. Continued interventions are recommended, including fluid balance monitoring, diuretic collaboration, and edema and ascites monitoring.

Package C equivalency education is a strategic non-formal education policy designed to provide senior secondary education access for citizens who are not served by the formal schooling system. This study evaluates the implementation of the Package C Equivalency Education Policy at the Non-Formal Education Unit Sanggar Kegiatan Belajar in Batudaa District, Gorontalo Regency, Indonesia. The study addresses the gap between the policy objective of expanding equitable access to secondary education and the practical constraints found in local implementation. Using a qualitative evaluative case study design, the research applies the Context, Input, Process, and Product evaluation model. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis involving program managers, tutors, learners, parents, alumni, and non-formal education supervisors. The findings show that the policy is contextually relevant to learners who face economic barriers, employment demands, age constraints, and limited access to formal schooling. However, input capacity remains insufficient due to limited tutor availability, inadequate andragogical competence, insufficient learning media, and learning modules that are not yet fully contextualized. The process dimension reveals inconsistent learning schedules, lecture-dominated instruction, weak adult-learning practices, and suboptimal monitoring. Product evaluation indicates positive outcomes in graduation, academic confidence, and access to administrative requirements for work or further study, but practical skills and socio-economic impacts remain limited. The study concludes that Package C policy implementation requires stronger socialization, tutor capacity development, contextual learning resources, flexible learning management, and local policy support to generate sustainable public value.

The government policy known as the Free Nutritional Meal Program (MBG) aims to improve public nutrition and reduce stunting rates in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to examine the MBG Program from a political perspective, particularly considering political dynamics, legal risks, and fiscal issues. This research was conducted through literature review, reviewing various journals and academic sources. The results indicate that the MBG not only has social impacts but also influences political interests, poses risks to legal enforcement, and disrupts the sustainability of the state budget. Therefore, for the program to be successful and sustainable, strong regulations and oversight are required. Furthermore, this populist program is often utilized as an instrument for power legitimacy, demanding compromises between the executive and legislative branches during its budget approval process. Without a detailed legal framework, the policy's implementation is highly vulnerable to overlapping institutional authority and potential misappropriation of funds. Ultimately, technology-based monitoring strategies and accountable governance are the main keys to maintaining the stability of the State Budget (APBN).

Agentic artificial intelligence (AI) systems capable of autonomous goal-directed behavior, multi-step planning, tool use, multi-agent coordination, and iterative self-correction represent a transition from passive clinical AI tools toward systems that can participate in complex healthcare workflows. However, empirical evidence remains fragmented across clinical decision support, patient monitoring, and administrative applications, and no systematic synthesis has evaluated which agentic principles have been technically demonstrated and which have accumulated sufficient evidence to support responsible clinical deployment. We conducted a PRISMA-informed systematic review of peer-reviewed empirical studies published between January 2025 and April 2026. Searches across five bibliographic databases and Google Scholar, supplemented by citation tracking, identified 443 unique records for screening, of which 25 met the predefined PICOS and quality appraisal criteria. Evidence was synthesized using an evidence-informed seven-principle framework derived from the integration of agentic AI, clinical AI, and healthcare governance literature. This framework provides a structured lens for examining how agentic principles are evaluated individually and in combination, enabling a deployment-readiness perspective that extends beyond capability-focused assessments alone. The evidence base was concentrated on technical capability principles, whereas human oversight, safety, compliance, and equity-related evaluation received comparatively limited attention. Most studies remained at the laboratory, benchmark, or proof-of-concept stage, and none reported demographic-stratified performance outcomes. Overall, the findings suggest a structural asymmetry in agentic healthcare AI: empirical research is advancing agentic capabilities more rapidly than it is generating evidence for the oversight, safety, equity, and governance mechanisms required for responsible clinical translation.

Universities are educational institutions that have an important role in addressing various problems in rural areas by motivating, empowering, and broadening the perspectives of local communities. Through community service activities, universities can contribute to improving community skills and encouraging economic independence. This community service program aims to foster an entrepreneurial spirit among female farmers in APK Bandung Village, Selupu Rejang District, through training and assistance in producing pineapple-flavored papaya jam as a value-added agricultural product. The program was conducted in November 2025 and involved one partner, namely the Srikandi Women's Farmers Group (Kelompok Wanita Tani/KWT) 02 of APK Bandung Village. The implementation stages included socialization, product-making demonstrations, mentoring, monitoring, and evaluation activities. These stages were designed to enhance participants’ knowledge and practical skills in processing local agricultural commodities into marketable products. Out of 20 registered members of KWT Srikandi, 17 members attended and actively participated in the program. The results of the evaluation, based on questionnaires distributed to participants, showed that approximately 64.70% of the members demonstrated an entrepreneurial spirit. These findings indicate that the program contributed positively to increasing entrepreneurial awareness and encouraging the development of small-scale rural business opportunities among female farmers.

This study examines human resource competence in improving financial management at the Public Service Agency of Gorontalo State University, a public higher education institution that operates under a flexible financial management model while remaining accountable for public funds. The main problem addressed is how financial management personnel translate regulatory knowledge, technical skills, and professional attitudes into efficient, effective, and accountable financial governance. This study aims to analyze the competence of financial management personnel and explain its contribution to strengthening institutional financial management. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed through interviews, observation, and document analysis involving bureau leaders, financial work team officials, treasurers, and financial managers across relevant work units. The findings show that knowledge competence is reflected in personnel understanding of regulations, policies, financial systems, budgeting procedures, reporting requirements, and the linkage between budget and institutional performance. Skills competence is demonstrated through financial administration, transaction recording, document verification, use of financial information systems, reconciliation, reporting, and preparation of accountability documents. Attitudinal competence appears in professionalism, compliance, integrity, prudence, responsibility, and openness to evaluation and audit. Financial management has been directed toward performance-based planning, expenditure control, budget realization monitoring, reporting, supervision, and audit follow-up. However, challenges remain in regulatory adaptation, system integration, data quality, document timeliness, account-code accuracy, inter-unit coordination, and consistency of audit follow-up. The study concludes that strengthening human resource competence is essential for improving financial management that is efficient, effective, accountable, and performance-oriented in public university financial governance.

Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) such as Diabetes Mellitus and Gout pose a serious threat to the health of the elderly due to their often asymptomatic nature. Cost barriers hinder the elderly community from accessing laboratory services. This community service activity aims to improve health standards and early detection of NCDs through monitoring blood glucose and uric acid levels in the Generasi Kaleb community of the JKI Injil Kerajaan Church, Semarang. The Participatory Health Screening and Education method used includes health education, screening using the Point of Care Testing (POCT) tool, and personal consultation on the results. The service subjects were 50 elderly respondents. The examination results showed a prevalence of abnormal random blood glucose (GDS) of 8%, 32%, had high uric acid levels with a maximum value of 10.3 mg/dL. This activity successfully transformed the elderly's awareness from subjective perception to awareness based on objective data, and encouraged community independence in managing a healthy lifestyle to prevent further NCD complications. .

Background: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is an abnormal cell growth in the liver characterized by increased number of dividing liver cells accompanied by malignant transformation. A common paraneoplastic phenomenon in HCC patients is hypoglycemia, which arises due to hepatic dysfunction impairing gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, as well as tumor-mediated IGF-II production. This condition causes hypoglycemia as a primary nursing problem requiring comprehensive nursing care. Objective: To describe the nursing care process for a patient with HCC focusing on blood glucose instability management and knowledge deficit intervention. Methods: This study used a descriptive qualitative method through a case study approach. Data were collected through interview, observation, documentation study, and literature review. Results: Two nursing diagnoses were identified: blood glucose instability related to hepatic dysfunction and knowledge deficit related to lack of information exposure. Nursing interventions performed included hypoglycemia management and disease process education. After 2x24 hours of nursing implementation, both diagnoses were partially resolved, as GDS values remained fluctuating and behavioral change had not been fully achieved. Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing management through routine blood glucose monitoring, dextrose administration, nutritional modification, and health education can improve blood glucose stability and patient knowledge in HCC patients.

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a promising liquid biopsy biomarker for real-time monitoring of tumor dynamics. In urothelial carcinoma (UC), effective monitoring of treatment response remains a clinical challenge due to the limitations of conventional imaging and invasive procedures. This systematic review aims to synthesize the existing evidence on the association between ctDNA dynamics and treatment response monitoring across various stages and therapeutic settings. A comprehensive systematic review was conducted. We included cohort studies, randomized controlled trials, and meta-analyses that evaluated ctDNA in UC patients undergoing treatment. Data were extracted on patient population, methodology, treatment, sampling strategy, clinical outcomes, and statistical associations. The review encompassed 80 studies. Baseline ctDNA positivity was strongly prognostic, associated with a 4- to 6-fold increased risk of recurrence or death (HR 4.23-6.56). Dynamic ctDNA clearances or significants reduction during treatment, were strongly associated with improved outcomes. Showing hazard ratios for adverse events as low as 0.10-0.31. ctDNA demonstrated time advantages of 53-90 days over radiographic detection. ctDNA is a potent tool for monitoring treatment response in urothelial carcinoma. It provides superior prognostic and offers a significant lead time for detecting treatment failure. Future research must focus on standardizing methodologies and validating ctDNA-guided therapeutic.

Medical waste is a by-product of healthcare activities that may have negative impacts on human health and the environment if not properly managed. This study aims to examine strategic planning for medical waste management in healthcare facilities and evaluate the risk of environmental contamination in the digital era. The method used was a literature review by examining various relevant scientific sources. The findings indicate that medical waste management still faces several challenges, including non-compliance with established standards, limited human resources, and the risk of environmental pollution. The utilization of digital technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), RFID, and Blockchain has the potential to improve the effectiveness of monitoring and managing medical waste. Therefore, strategic planning supported by digital technology, human resource capacity building, and regulatory compliance is essential for achieving safe and sustainable medical waste management.

Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) provides short-term income for rural communities but frequently creates environmental, safety, and governance problems when it operates outside formal control. This study aimed to analyze the existing condition of ASGM, identify the driving and inhibiting factors of its arrangement, describe the perceived impacts, and formulate strategic directions for ASGM arrangement in Karang Jaya District, North Musi Rawas Regency, Indonesia. A qualitative descriptive approach was applied using semi-structured interviews supported by secondary data on the study area, population, and agricultural land use. Twenty-two informants represented district officials, village officials, technical agencies, company representatives, community leaders, nearby residents, and ASGM actors. Data were analyzed through reduction, presentation, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that ASGM development is driven by gold potential, mining history, household economic pressure, limited alternative employment, and weak field control. The main impacts include land degradation, open mining pits, landslide and occupational accident risks, and mercury-related water and soil contamination. The recommended strategy combines alternative livelihood development, skills training, local economic institutional strengthening, gradual area monitoring, land rehabilitation, and mercury-risk education.

Environmental-based diseases remain a major public health issue associated with unsafe drinking water, inadequate sanitation, poor hygiene behavior, improper household waste management, and unsafe domestic wastewater disposal. Community-Based Total Sanitation, known in Indonesia as Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat or STBM, is a community empowerment approach designed to change hygiene and sanitation behavior through five pillars. This article aims to develop an STBM program planning design and an impact evaluation model for reducing environmental-based diseases, particularly diarrhoeal disease. This study used a narrative review method by analyzing national regulations, official guidelines, global WASH reports, and recent scientific literature. The proposed program design includes situation analysis, multisectoral advocacy, community triggering, household mentoring, strengthening sanitation facilities, monitoring, verification, and impact evaluation. The evaluation model uses process, output, outcome, and impact indicators, with diarrhoea incidence as the main measurable health indicator. The findings indicate that an integrated STBM program supported by community participation, valid baseline data, and periodic evaluation can strengthen the prevention of environmental-based diseases. This article recommends implementing STBM as a sustainable community-based public health intervention rather than a short-term sanitation activity.