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The micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) sector plays a vital role in sustaining the national economy, particularly in food security and employment absorption. However, this sector remains highly vulnerable to economic disruptions, including large-scale layoffs in the industrial sector. This study aims to examine the socio-economic impacts of layoffs on the sustainability of traditional fish processing businesses. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through semi-structured interviews with a traditional fish processor who has operated since 1990 in Tanjung Morawa, Deli Serdang, North Sumatra. The findings reveal that layoffs have led to a significant decline in consumer purchasing power, resulting in a drop in daily production volume (from 20 to 5–8 baskets) and increased waste due to unsold inventory. The lack of innovation, absence of adaptive strategies, and minimal external support have further exacerbated the business’s vulnerability. Therefore, policy interventions and capacity-building programs are essential to enhance the resilience of MSMEs amid labor market fluctuations.  

This study investigates the influence of Provincial Minimum Wage (PMW), Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR), and Population Growth Rate (PGR) on Employment Opportunities (EO) across 20 most populous provinces in Indonesia from 2017 to 2024. Using a quantitative approach and panel data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency, the analysis applies the Fixed Effect Model selected through Chow and Hausman tests. The Outcomes indicate that PMW has a significant negative effect on EO, implying that wage increases without corresponding productivity growth can reduce job absorption. Conversely, LFPR has a significant positive effect, reflecting that a higher labor force engagement boosts employment. PGR has a negative but statistically insignificant effect. The F-test confirms that all three variables jointly influence EO. These results highlight the need to harmonize wage regulations, human capital development (HDI), and population planning to support inclusive and sustainable employment in regions experiencing high demographic pressures.

The purpose of this study was to determine and explain the role of salted egg businesses in helping to improve the economy of the community in Kandangan District. Micro and small businesses such as salted egg production have great potential in contributing to household income and local labor absorption. This study uses a case study method with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with salted egg business actors, and documentation of business activities. The results of the study show that salted egg businesses in Kandangan District are not only the main source of income for some people, but also create jobs, encourage economic independence, and increase the purchasing power of local people. In addition, business actors also show creativity in packaging and marketing products, both conventionally and digitally. This study concludes that salted egg businesses can be one of the driving forces of a sustainable local economy if supported by adequate training, market access, and capital.

This study aims to analyze the influence of economic growth and education quality on labor absorption in 27 regencies/cities of West Java Province during the 2020–2024 period using the Random Effect Model (REM) method. The estimation results show that economic growth has a positive and significant effect on labor absorption, with a coefficient of 0.322424 and a p-value of 0.0002. This indicates that regional economic growth contributes to increasing employment opportunities. On the other hand, the quality of education, measured by the average years of schooling, has a negative and insignificant effect on labor absorption, with a coefficient of -0.706782 and a p-value of 0.0755. These findings suggest that improvements in formal education do not automatically lead to increased labor absorption, likely due to a mismatch between graduate qualifications and labor market needs. The Adjusted R-squared value of 0.091650 indicates that the model explains only about 9.16% of the variation in labor absorption, with the remaining variation influenced by other unobserved factors. Therefore, strategic policies are needed, such as the development of labor-intensive sectors and the improvement of vocational education quality and relevance, to optimally enhance labor absorption in West Java.

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is a vital analytical technique used for separation, identification, and quantification of compounds in complex mixtures. This review explores the comparative performance of four detectors employed in the Chemical Laboratory of PT FIP: UV-Visible, Refractive Index (RI), Conductivity, and Evaporative Light Scattering Detector (ELSD). Each detector operates on distinct principles and is selected based on analyte characteristics such as the presence of chromophores, ionic nature, or volatility. The UV-Vis detector remains the most widely used due to its precision and compatibility with chromophoric compounds. However RI, Conductivity, and ELSD detectors serve as essential alternatives for analytes that lack UV absorption, non-ionizing, or exhibit low volatility. This review summarizes the key principles, advantages, limitations, and applications of each detector. The comparative evaluation highlights the strengths and constraints of each system, facilitating method optimization in pharmaceutical analysis.

Current water safety issues in society are very diverse. Water quality safety issues are closely related to the bioethics of water testing, because water testing involves protecting human health and the environment. Water quality testing is an important part of ensuring that the water consumed is safe for human health. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of bioethical principles in water quality testing (Pb and Cd). This study was conducted in March 2025 at the UPT Food Security Laboratory of Medan City. The data analysis used in this study used qualitative descriptive methods to see the pattern of observation responses. The results of the study showed that in the bioethical aspect of sample testing, analysts who conducted the testing had implemented bioethics or SOPs that apply in food quality and safety testing laboratories. In conducting water testing for lead and cadmium examination, the procedures used were in accordance with applicable requirements using testing procedures from SNI (Indonesian National Standard).

One of the districts with the greatest concentration of ethnic Chinese residents and the highest concentration of young business owners in Medan City is Medan Kota District. The purpose of this study is to clarify the potential impact of ethnic Chinese youth's independent enterprises on labor absorption in Medan Kota District. A quantitative descriptive research design is employed, and SPSS version 17 analysis is used to perform the Multiple Linear Regression research method. Ho was rejected while Ha was accepted, according to the ANOVA test, which revealed that Fcount> Ftable. This indicates that ethnic Chinese youth-owned independent enterprises significantly improve labor absorption, specifically 72%.

Garlic is a medicinal plant that is widely used for health and is used by people for traditional medicine. Garlic contains various secondary metabolite compounds which have antifungal activity, including tannins, flavonoids, allicin. Flavonoids are the largest group of phenolic compounds. So it is possible that flavonoids also have an effective antifungal effect. This research aims to formulate an ethanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum) ointment with a variety of bases and to determine the physical quality of the ointment. The type of research is laboratory experimental. The method used is maceration of the extract using 1000 ml of 70% ethanol, the design of the ointment formulation is to use three base variations FI (Hydrocarbon Base), FII (Absorption Base), FIII (Water Soluble Base). The results of the research conducted show that ethanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum) can be formulated into an ointment and has stable physical quality. The conclusion from this research is that ethanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum) can be formulated into an ointment and has stable physical quality.

This study attempts to examine the influence of three economic factors, namely capital, wage rate, and output value in the context of labor absorption in the industrial sector operating in Java. The study uses a quantitative approach method by utilizing secondary data sourced from BPS during the period 2018-2023, where panel data regression analysis with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) approach is applied to test the relationship between variables. The results of the analysis indicate that the capital factor does not have a significant impact on the labor absorption process. Meanwhile, the wage level shows a correlation in the same direction as labor absorption, this influence is not proven to be significant when tested statistically. On the other hand, the output value shows a significant positive influence on labor absorption. These findings reveal how complex the interactions between economic factors are in the Java region, which have important implications for the development of employment policies and inclusive development strategies. A comprehensive approach is needed to support the sustainability of industrial growth and improve the quality of human resources in the future.

This study aims to determine the ratio of the concentration of the processing industry, labor absorption, and the value expenditure on labor in the province of bali. The data analysis method used in this analysis is the CR4 concentration analysis method. The data used is the analysis data on the number of large and medium processing industries, labor, and expenditure on labor in 2018 – 2021 obtained from the Central Statistic Agency (BPS) in the province of Bali. The result of this study indicate that : (1) In terms of CR4 analysis calculations, the concentration of the processing industry in the province Bali in 2018 – 2021 has a role in labor absorption. (2) In terms of CR4 analysis calculation, the concentration of the processing industry in province Bali in 2018 – 2021 has a role in the amound of expenditure given to labor. (3) In terms of CR4 analysis calculation, the concentration of the processing industry in the province Bali in 2021  has a role contributing to the PDRB in the province of Bali, as well as a comparison of the CR4 ratio in the province of Bali from 2018 – 2021.

Flexible pavement is the most widely used pavement in Indonesia. There are three types of hot mix asphalt in Spesifikasi Umum Bina Marga 2018 Rev. 2, including Asphalt Concrete (AC), Thin Layer Asphalt Concrete (Hot Rolled Sheet, HRS) and Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA). Of the three types of hot mix asphalt Stone Matrix Asphalt has advantages but is rarely used in Indonesia, especially in Papua. This is what then motivated the author to raise the research topic to find out whether local materials in the Jayapura Regency area can be utilized as a basic material for Rough Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA).This research was conducted at the BPJN Jayapura Testing Laboratory with asphalt levels of 5.5%, 6.0%, 6.5%, 7.0% and 7.5%. Coarse aggregate in the form of crushed stone and stone ash was obtained from Kampung Harapan, Jayapura Regency while sand was obtained from River at Waibu District Jayapura Regency and filler from stone ash. The results of the water absorption test stated that the aggregate from Kampung Harapan had a value greater than 2% and sand 0.872%. The marshall test results showed that the stability and flow values continued to increase with the addition of asphalt content and decreased at 7.5% asphalt content. While the Void In Mix value decreased with the addition of asphalt content and the Void In Mineral Aggregate value continued to increase with the addition of asphalt content although it was still below the standard. Optimum Asphalt Content is obtained with a value of 6.13%. The residual strength index is 84.77%. As for the price difference between Stone Matrix Asphalt Rough is more expensive by 15.02% compared to the Intermediate Layer Laston (AC - BC).

Labor absorption is an important issue in the development of a region. Labor can be used as a benchmark for success in the development of a region. This study aims to analyze the effect of education level, population, and wages on labor absorption in the districts/cities of Bali Province using secondary data from 2017-2023. Data collection uses the observation method and is analyzed using panel data regression with the help ofsoftwareE-Views 12. The results of the study indicate that the level of education, population, and wages simultaneously have a significant effect on labor absorption. Partially, the level of education has a negative but not significant effect on labor absorption, the population has a significant positive effect on labor absorption, and wages have a significant negative effect on labor absorption. The district/city governments in Bali Province should pay more attention to the education sector, by increasing the quality of education through the development of infrastructure and supporting facilities, it is hoped that this will be able to increase labor absorption which will ultimately encourage economic development. In addition, the district/city governments of Bali Province must be more sensitive to the potential of their respective regions so that existing funds can be utilized properly to improve people's standard of living through income equality

The contribution of the tourism sector in Bali Province has grown over the last twenty years, which can be seen from the number of tourist visits which has increased after the Covid-19 pandemic. The phenomenon that occurs is the gap between tourist visits which increases but the increase in investment and MSEs does not occur in all districts in Bali Province. This research aims to determine whether there is an influence of investment on labor absorption in Bali Province, to determine the effect of district minimum wages and tourist visits on labor absorption in Bali Province. This research was conducted in Bali Province in the 2019-2023 period. The sample in this study used tabular data techniques. The research method uses quantitative descriptive from the results of documentation studies related to investment data, district minimum wages and tourist visits. The results of this research are that there is a positive influence of investment on labor absorption in Bali Province, apart from that there is an influence of the district minimum wage and tourist visits on labor absorption in Bali Province. This research was conducted in Bali Province in the 2019-2023 period.

The growth of the creative economy in East Lombok Regency presents significant potential for creating jobs and enhancing local competitiveness. The production value in this sector serves as an important indicator for measuring the contribution of the creative economy to the overall economy, while investment plays a crucial role in driving innovation and production capacity. This study aims to analyze the impact of creative economy growth, production value, and investment on labor absorption in East Lombok Regency. This research is a quantitative descriptive study using primary data. The analysis results show that the growth of the creative economy significantly influences labor absorption, reduces unemployment, and increases community income. However, production value and investment do not demonstrate a significant effect on the welfare of workers in the region. Nevertheless, an increase in production value is expected to support the growth of the creative economy sector.  

Economic development is a multidimensional change process that covers various aspects and affects the quality of life and human welfare. Economic development can be approached regionally through mapping regions and growth centers (growth pools) with the aim of achieving efficient production, distribution and consumption of goods and services. Sectorally, the tourism sector is a sector that absorbs labor, captures community economic efforts, attracts tourists and brings in foreign exchange. Therefore, encouraging tourism development can create wider employment opportunities and accelerate economic growth and employment. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of the number of tourists and investment in hotels and restaurants in the tourism industry sector of the city of Surabaya. The research used quantitative descriptive with secondary data for 2014-2023 obtained from the Department of Culture, Youth and Sports and Tourism of the City of Surabaya and data from BPS. The data collected is by tabulation, analysis and also document study. The results of research using the growth rate test and also the elasticity test show that the growth in the number of tourists (X1) has no effect on labor absorption (Y). investment growth (X2) influences labor absorption (Y). 

This study aims to project the number and pyramid of population and employment conditions of Kupang City in facing the demographic bonus in 2025-2030. Population projection is done using the spectrum application and employment conditions are seen based on the availability and absorption of labor. The results showed that there was an increase in population in Kupang during 2025-2030 with a stationary population pyramid.  The demographic bonus experienced by Kupang City has an impact on existing labor conditions, namely the availability of a potential workforce. However, unemployment remains a concern for the Kupang government. The existing business sectors in Kupang City in 2025-2030 are not able to keep up with the availability of labor, leading to high unemployment in 2025-2030.

Rumah Makan Citra Minang was established in 2020 and has become one of the favorite places to eat in Percut Sei Tuan District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra. However, in recent times the Citra Minang Restaurant has experienced several obstacles that can hinder the progress of its business and labor productivity. The purpose of this study is to find out how the influence of citra minang restaurants on labor absorption. And this data was collected through direct observation to the research site using quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of this study show that the Citra Minang restaurant has a very significant role in the absorption of labor as well as the local economy and the wider community.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of economic growth and minimum wage on employment in Tulungagung from 2008-2022. This research is descriptive quantitative type, using multiple linear regression analysis and the data used are secondary data of ADHK GRDP, district minimum wage, and working population of Tulungagung obtained from the Tulungagung Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The results showed that the Economic Growth variable had a partially significant negative effect on employment in Tulungagung Regency with T value < T table (-5,213 < 1.782) and significant 0,000 < 0,05. Minimum Wage variable had a partially significant positive effect on employment in Tulungagung Regency with T value > T table (5,830 > 1.782) and significant 0,000 < 0,05. Meanwhile, Economic Growth and Minimum Wage simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on Labor absorption in Tulungagung Regency with F value > F table (17,003 > 3,89) and significant 0,000 < 0,05.

Indonesia's rapid population growth requires the economy to grow at least 2.2% every year to keep per capita output stable. This results in high labor force growth that is difficult to overcome. Labor absorption must be in line with economic growth to prevent disparities. The processing industry sector plays a major role in the strategy for employment absorption and economic growth. This industry is also considered a leading sector in the economy, with a favorable exchange rate and creating higher added value. In Surabaya, economic growth and per capita income are higher than other areas in East Java. This city has great potential to develop promising sectors and encourage economic growth. Regional economic conditions, including GRDP, taxes, inflation, investment and other economic services, can reflect the success of a region.  

The aim of this research is to determine and analyze the significance of the influence of capital, length of business, type of outlet, working hours, rental costs  and labor on the income and welfare of market traders. Pratistha Harsa Culinary, East Purwokerto, Banyumas Regency. The method used in this research is descriptive with a quantitative approach. The sample in this research is the Pratistha Harsa Culinary Market traders in East Purwokerto, Banyumas Regency as the population, with a sampling technique, namely a saturated sample, the sampling technique is by determining the entire population as a sample, namely 86 traders. The results of this research show that capital, length of business, working hours, and labor have a significant positive effect on the income of traders at the Pratistha Harsa Culinary Market, East Purwokerto, Banyumas Regency, while the type of outlet and rental costs have no effect on the income of traders at the Pratistha Harsa Culinary Market, East Purwokerto, Banyumas Regency. The implication of this research is that with the increasing length of business, traders need to increase innovation and promotion so that they can attract consumers. With the increasing number of consumers, the capital will be higher and the income earned will increase. By utilizing affordable rental costs and various types of outlets, traders are expected to be able to take advantage of Facilities as promotional materials and innovation can increase consumer demand and good use of working hours such as opening earlier at lunch time can also increase consumer demand. The more consumer demand, the greater the absorption of labor.