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Arumanis mango rind (Mangifera indica L) usually becomes organic waste, but contains flavonoid secondary metabolites. Arumanis mango rind extract was chosen so that it can be used as an antioxidant compound, which is an antidote to free radicals. The aim of this research was to examine the antioxidant activity and toxicity tests of arumanis mango rind extract. The result is that the maximum absorption wave of DPPH is 518 nm, with an absorbance of 0.788. The results of comparative antioxidant activity for gallic acid obtained IC50 = 4.424 µg/mL, while the arumanis mango rind extract sample had an IC50 value = 18.294 µg/mL. For toxicity test results, the LC50 value = 169.043 µg/mL. Based on the research results obtained, it can be concluded that the antioxidant activity of arumanis mango rind extract is classified as very strong (<50 µg/mL) and the toxicity is classified as toxic (<1,000 µg/mL).

Snacks among school children still contain many unhealthy ingredients (high sugar salt and saturated fat) fulfillment of the nutritional needs of school children can be achieved by changing to healthier snacks, one of which is snack bars. Fulfillment of nutrients in making snack bars can be obtained from local food ingredients, namely purple sweet potato flour and moringa seed flour. The aim is to determine the acceptability, nutritional content and antioxidant power of snack bar formula substituted with purple sweet potato flour and moringa seed flour as a healthy snack for school children. The design used a completely randomized design (CRD) method. Formulation of making snack bar substitution of purple sweet potato flour and moringa seed flour with three treatments F1 (90%:10%), F2 (80%:20%), and F3 (70%:30%). Research Results: Based on the results of the acceptability test, the selected formulation is F2. The snack bar contains 33.769% protein, 8.941% fat, 30.22% carbohydrate, 29.546% moisture content, 1.81% ash content, and IC50 antioxidant power of 101.354 ppm (medium).  

Pear skin contains flavonoids which have potential as antioxidants. Considering the existence of humans as social creatures, interacting with each other requires self-confidence to be well accepted. For this reason, humans need self-care to appear charming, attractive and full of self-confidence. Masks are a type of cosmetic treatment that is well known and widely used. The mask works deeply to remove dead horn cells on the skin. This research aimed to determine the potential antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of pear peel (Pyrus bretschneideri) which was formulated as a sheet mask preparation. Extraction was carried out by maceration using 96% ethanol to obtain pear peel extract. The antioxidant activity test method was carried out using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. The results obtained from the concentration of the sheet mask preparation of pear peel extract (Phyrus bretschneideri) were homogeneous and stable. The pH results obtained from F0 (5,1), F1 (5,4), F2 (5,5), F3 (5,6), are still within the safe range of facial skin pH. The results of the antioxidant activity test showed that the IC50 value for F1 was 84.58 ppm with intensity (Strong), F2 69.96 ppm with intensity (Strong), and F3 63.79 ppm with intensity (Strong).

A novel compound called 3-chloro-4-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-1-(6-methoxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)azetidin-2-one (3-CDBA), derived from beta-lactams, was investigated for its effects on human leukemia (HL-60) cells, pancreatic cancer (TCP-1026) cells, and healthy cells (WRL68) for comparison. The compound showed an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 91.55 µg/ml on the leukemia cells, 141.3 µg/ml on the pancreatic cancer cells, and 353.8 µg/ml on the healthy cells. This indicates that the compound selectively kills cancer cells while having minimal effect on healthy cells, as higher concentrations are required to kill half of the healthy cells. These findings suggest that the compound has the potential to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. In comparison to conventional antioxidants like ascorbic acid (vitamin C), the beta-lactam derivative (3-CDBA) exhibited a higher percentage of inhibition at the highest concentration, with a value of 72.95% and an IC50 of 42.67 µg/ml. Furthermore, the compound's effects were studied on two types of pathogenic bacteria, specifically Staphylococcus aureus (positive) and Escherichia coli (negative), as well as various Penicillium species. The compound showed the greatest inhibitory effect at a concentration of 1000 µg/ml. In a theoretical examination, molecular docking was employed to design and synthesize a drug using the beta-lactam derivative and a target associated with cancer cells from a protein database. The compound demonstrated a strong and close interaction with amino acids and different sites within the active pocket, resulting in a higher binding energy. This indicates that the compound has the potential to inhibit the growth of cancer cells by disrupting their metabolic processes.  To determine the lethal dose (LD50), the beta-lactam derivative (3-CDBA) was administered to half of the animals in the study.

One of the by-products that can be used as a source of fiber and antioxidants is avocado seeds. Processing avocado seeds into flour can make it easier for people to make interstitial foods, for example biscuits. Avocado seed biscuits that are rich in fiber and antioxidants are expected to be beneficial for health. This study aims to determine the effect of the right ratio of wheat and avocado seed flour on the chemical characteristics of biscuits, The study used a complete random design with the treatment of the comparison of wheat and avocado seed flour, namely F1 (100:0), F2 (90:10), F3 (80:20), F4 (70:30), F5 (60:40), F6 (50:50). The determination of the best biscuits is seen based on the parameters observed, namely: moisture content test, crude fiber test, antioxidant capacity, IC50 value. Based on the results of the analysis of various comparisons of wheat and avocado seed flour (TBA) in biscuits, it showed no real effect (p>0.05) on water content, while there was a real effect (p>0.05) on crude fiber, IC50, and antioxidant capacity.    

Free radicals are unpaired electron molecules that are unstable and can attack important macromolecules causing cell damage in the body. Antioxidants themselves are compounds that can prevent oxidative reactions by free radicals. One of the plants that has the potential as an antioxidant is Walther indica. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity and determine the total flavonoid content of Waltheria indica stem extract. The method used in this study is the DPPH method which is used to determine antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of the Waltheria indica ethanol extract was obtained with an IC50 value of 148.7116 ± 2.061 with a moderate antioxidant category.

Australian guava fruit (Psidium guajava L.) is thought to have antioxidant activity. Antioxidants are compounds that are useful for treating oxidative damage caused by free radicals in the body. The aim of this study was to determine the secondary metabolite content and IC50 value on the antioxidant activity of extracts and fractions from Australian guava fruit. This research used four solvents, including 70% ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction with varying concentrations of 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm and 250 ppm. The antioxidant test was carried out using a UV-Vis spectrophotometry tool with the DPPH method at a wavelength of 515 nm with an incubation time of 15 minutes. Antioxidant activity tests show that Australian guava fruit is effective as an antioxidant in capturing free radicals. The IC50 value for the ethanol extract is 0.784 µg/mL, the n-hexane fraction is 2.448 µg/mL, the ethyl acetate fraction is 1.015 µg/mL and the water fraction is 0.676 µg/mL. All samples were included in the very strong category, but the water fraction had the best antioxidant activity among the ethanol extract, n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions.

Free radicals work by binding to molecules or cells in the body and are very dangerous because they can damage cells in the body and trigger disease. Antioxidants are compounds that can counteract the effects of free radicals. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract and the n-hexane, ethyl-acetate and water fractions of Australian guava peel (Psidium guajava L.). Extraction was carried out by maceration method using 70% ethanol. The skin of the Australian guava (Psidium guajava L.) contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids and saponins. Fractionation was carried out with solvents based on polarity differences obtained by the n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and air fraction. Antioxidant test by inhibiting DPPH free radicals (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl) on ethanol extract and n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and air at several concentrations, namely 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, and 250 ppm. The IC50 calculation results obtained for the ethanol extract were 4.406 µg/mL, the n-hexane fraction was 4.131 µg/mL, the ethyl acetate fraction was 3.812 µg/mL and the air fraction was 3.312 µg/mL. The antioxidant activity with the best IC50 value was the fraction air.

Excessive exposure to sunlight is a source of free radicals that cause damage to the skin such as redness, dullness, and aging, so skincare containing antioxidants is needed, one of which is a face mist made from carrot root extract. The carrot (Daucus carota L) is a plant rich in antioxidants such as β-carotene and vitamin C which can counteract free radicals. This research aims to determine whether carrot tuber extract can be formulated in a face mist preparation and to determine the value of antioxidant activity in the carrot tuber extract face mist preparation. The method used in this study is the experimental method. Preparation of carrot root extract was carried out using the maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent. Facemist carrot root extracts was made with various concentrations of FI 1%, FII 3%, and FIII 5%. All preparations were subjected to physical stability (organoleptic, pH, spray spreadability, dry time, and homogeneity) and antioxidant activity tests using the DPPH method. The results of physical stability stated that all formulas met the physical quality requirements. The antioxidant activity value of carrot tuber extracts facemist at concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5% has an IC₅₀ value of 41.31ppm, 34.64ppm, and 28.80ppm respectively. This value is in the very strong category. The conclusion of this study is that carrot root extract can be formulated as a face mist preparation and has a very strong antioxidant value.

A peel-off gel mask is a cosmetic used for facial skin care in the form of a gel. Porang tuber extract peel-off gel mask (Amorphophallus muelleri) contains polyphenolic tannins which are efficacious as antioxidants. This study aims to determine the formulation of peel-off gel mask preparations of porang tuber extract and to determine the physical evaluation and antioxidant test of peel-off gel mask preparations of porang tuber extract using the DPPH method. Experimental formulation method with 7% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) base. The active ingredient used is porang tuber extract with a concentration of 0.5% (F1), 1% (F2), and 1.5% (F3). Evaluation of the preparations carried out were organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, drying preparation test, spreadability test, hedonic test and stability test. Based on the results of the stability test, it was shown that the peel-off gel mask preparation of porang tuber ethanol extract at various concentrations met the requirements for each test parameter. The antioxidant test results showed that F1 had an IC50 value of 48.75 ppm, F2 had an IC50 value of 43.18 ppm, and F3 had an IC50 value of 11.15 ppm which means that the three formulas have very strong antioxidant activity.

Penyakit degeneratif merupakan penyebab terbesar kematian di Indonesia. Jumlah kematian akibat penyakit tersebut terus meningkat. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena sebagian besar penyakit diawali oleh adanya reaksi oksidasi yang berlebih dalam tubuh. Reaksi oksidasi yang terjadi setiap saat dalam tubuh dapat menyebabkan terbentuknya radikal bebas. Substansi untuk mengurangi terjadinya pembentukan radikal bebas adalah antioksidan. Tanaman kemuning merupakan salah satu tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber antioksidan alami. Tanaman kemuning memiliki berbagai kandungan senyawa diantaranya adalah fenol, kumarin, tanin dan flavonoid. Senyawa-senyawa tersebut yang mempunyai kemampuan untuk mengurangi radikal bebas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadar flavonoid total dan aktivitas antioksidan pada fraksi etil asetat daun kemuning. Metode penelitian dalam penentuan kadar flavonoid total dilakukan secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis dengan pereaksi AlCl3 sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan dengan metode DPPH dengan pembanding kuersetin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan fraksi etil asetat daun kemuning mengandung senyawa fenol, tanin, saponin dan flavonoid. Fraksi etil asetat daun kemuning mengandung kadar flavonoid total sebesar 10,021% dan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 83,222 ppm. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat daun kemuning memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan yang kuat.

Sarang semut merupakan tumbuhan epifit yang menempel di pohon-pohon besar. Penggunaan sarang semut untuk pengobatan masyarakat di papua sudah sejak lama dilakukan. Tujuan penilitian ini untuk uji kandungan bioaktif sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendens) sebagai antioksidan, dan mengetahui senyawa antioksidan yang berperan dalam  menghambat radikal bebas. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode Spektrofotometer UV-vis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan komponen senyawa aktif yang yang terdapat dalam sarang semut yaitu saponin, tannin, dan flavanoid,dan pengujian nilai IC50  yaitu nilai IC50 vit C yang diperoleh sebesar 8,406 μg/mL, ini menunjukan bahwa antioksidan vit C merupakan antioksidan dengan aktivitas yang sangat kuat (< 10 μg/mL). Sedangkan ekstrak etanol sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendens) yang di ambil dari Desa Titawaai kab. maluku tengah memiliki aktivitas antioksidan kuat dengan nilai IC50 31,94 μg/mL, (< 50 μg/mL). Berdasarkan pengujian skrining fitokimia dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendens) yang telah dilakukan maka dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa komponen senyawa aktif yang terdapat pada sarang semut adalah saponin, flavonoid, dan tannin dan yang memiliki afektifitas sebagai antioksidan yaitu flavanoid.  

Masyarakat kecematan kairatu biasa menggunakan daun sirih popar (ficus septica burm) sebagai obat luka, penyakit kulit, mengatasi bisul. Masyarakat maluku belum mengetahui kandungan dan manfaat lain dari tanaman  awar-awar /sirih popar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihatkan duangan senyawa fitokimia serta melihat aktivitas antioksidan pada sampel. Menggunakan metode DPPH dan di ukur pada spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukan daun awar-awar positif mengandung senyawa fitokimia vlavonoid, fenol, saponin, tanin. Hasil pengukuran dari spektrofotometri UV-Vis aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH menunjukan bahwa, pada Ekstrak methanol daun awar-awar mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan yang kuat dengan nilai IC50 sebesar (56,169 ppm), sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan vitamin C sangat kuat dari pada ekstrak methanol daun awar-awar dengan nilai IC50  (25,437ppm).