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Exposure to toxic materials in the workplace remains a major occupational health and safety issue, particularly in industrial sectors with high chemical use intensity. Various control efforts have been implemented through industrial hygiene and occupational safety (OHS) programs, but their effectiveness varies. This study aims to analyze strategies for controlling toxic material exposure through industrial hygiene and OHS programs based on literature review over the past five years. The method used was literature review of 10 national journals relevant  the topic of toxic material exposure in various industrial sectors. The analysis results indicate that toxic material exposure is still found in various sectors, with types of materials such as heavy metals, organic solvents, toxic gases, and industrial dust. The most commonly implemented control strategies are the use personal protective equipment (PPE), administrative controls, and some engineering controls such as ventilation. However, the effectiveness of these controls is less than optimal due low worker compliance, limited supervision, and the minimal implementation of higher-level controls such as elimination and substitution. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen integrated industrial hygiene programs, improve worker compliance, and implement a more comprehensive hierarchy of controls to minimize the risk of toxic material exposure in the workplace.

The purpose of this community service program is to enhance the capacity and independence of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) by providing improved training in business management. The program covers the use of digital technology in the agricultural sector, the implementation of occupational safety and health practices, intellectual property protection, and simple financial record-keeping practices. In Pugeran Village, the activities were carried out using a collaborative approach involving the village government, MSME actors, and university students participating in the Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata). A qualitative descriptive approach was employed through observation, interviews, and focus group discussions, complemented by direct mentoring and counseling sessions. The results indicate that MSME actors have begun to understand the importance of maintaining simple financial records, utilizing digital technology to market their products, and becoming more aware of workplace safety as well as legal protection for their businesses. The program also encouraged MSME actors to shift their perspectives and manage their enterprises in a more professional manner. However, the speed of implementation varied depending on differences in age, educational background, and established business habits. Overall, this community service activity contributed to strengthening the capacity of MSMEs and supporting sustainable economic growth in the village

Patient safety is a top priority in healthcare services in hospitals. One of the critical elements is the accuracy of patient identification to prevent incidents such as procedural errors or medication administration. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between nurses' compliance in implementing SBAR communication with the accuracy of patient identification at Hospital X, West Jakarta. This study is a quantitative analytical study. The research design used was a cross-sectional study. The population in this study were nurses working at Hospital X, West Jakarta with a sample of 50 respondents taken using the total sampling technique. The data collection technique used an instrument in the form of an observation sheet for SBAR compliance and patient identification accuracy. Data analysis used the Chi-Square statistical test method. Based on the results of the study, it was found that most nurses were not compliant in implementing SBAR communication, namely 27 people (54%) and the majority were not accurate in identifying patients, namely 30 people (60%). The results of the statistical test showed a p value = 0.000 (p <0.05), which means there is a significant relationship between nurses' compliance in implementing SBAR communication with the accuracy of patient identification at Hospital X, West Jakarta. This study indicates that the better nurses' adherence to SBAR communication, the better the accuracy of patient identification. Hospitals are recommended to increase routine supervision and ongoing training to strengthen a culture of patient safety through effective communication.  

The hospital laundry installation is a non-medical supporting unit with a high risk of occupational health and safety (OHS) hazards due to direct exposure to chemicals, machinery, and contaminated linen. Potential hazards in this unit include physical (heat, noise), chemical (detergents and disinfectants), biological (viruses and bacteria from linen), and ergonomic (improper working posture) risks. This study is a descriptive quantitative research with a semi-quantitative approach. The aim is to identify, assess, evaluate, and control OHS risks in the laundry unit. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and document review with seven laundry staff members. Risk assessment was conducted using a risk matrix based on the AS/NZS 4360:2004 standard. The results show that several risks ranged from low to very high levels, including infection from linen, chemical exposure, noise, and injury from machinery. Risk control measures implemented include applying the hierarchy of controls, starting from elimination, substitution, engineering controls, Administratif controls, and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). It is concluded that improvements in supervision, staff training, and facility upgrades are necessary to minimize occupational accidents in the laundry installation.

The Sunter C Polder/Pump construction project is a strategic effort to address flooding issues by increasing drainage system capacity. This project involves various high-risk construction activities that have the potential to cause workplace accidents and health issues. This study aims to identify hazards, assess risk levels, and determine control measures. The HIRADC (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Determining Control) method involves a systematic identification of potential hazards at the project site, risk assessment based on impact and probability, and the formulation of appropriate control recommendations. This is a descriptive study designed to illustrate Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) hazards and risks, located at the Sunter C polder/pump construction project. The research was conducted from January to May 2025. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and information obtained directly from internal company documents. The results indicate that the application of the HIRADC method accurately identifies various primary hazards, such as the risk of falls, being struck by materials, chemical exposure, and ergonomic issues. The risk assessment suggests that most activities fall under the medium to high-risk categories, necessitating controls such as the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), OHS training, and routine monitoring of working conditions. The implementation of the HIRADC method in this project is proven to enhance the culture of occupational health and safety and can serve as a reference for other construction projects in managing operational risks effectively.

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is a crucial aspect in manufacturing industries due to the high risk of workplace accidents caused by heavy machinery, chemical substances, and intensive production activities. Companies usually provide Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) as safety guidelines; however, SOPs are often delivered in long textual formats that are less engaging, making workers reluctant to read or difficult to understand quickly. This study aims to design an infographic-based SOP media as an effective visual communication tool to improve workers’ understanding of safety procedures. The research applies a qualitative method with a design approach through workplace observation, interviews with HSE personnel, literature review, and design validation using questionnaires. The results produce infographic media in the form of posters and signage presenting PPE usage procedures, hazard warnings, and evacuation steps using safety color codes, icons, and readable typography. The conclusion indicates that infographic SOP media is more effective than text-based SOP because it improves readability, comprehension, and workers’ memory of safety procedures.

This research investigates climate change adaptation frameworks for Indonesian port infrastructure and workforce safety through integrated risk management approaches addressing physical facility resilience and human resource protection. Through qualitative analysis involving 37 stakeholders including port authorities, terminal operators, marine engineers, climate scientists, occupational health specialists, and port workers, this study examines how climate threats including sea level rise, extreme weather, flooding, and heat stress affect both port operations and worker safety requiring coordinated adaptation strategies. Results demonstrate that integrated frameworks can reduce climate-related operational disruptions by 50-70%, decrease worker heat illness by 60-80%, improve emergency response effectiveness by 55-75%, and enhance infrastructure resilience by 45-65% when combining physical hardening with workforce protection measures. Key challenges include immediate infrastructure damage (ports already experiencing 3-8 annual flooding shutdowns), worker heat illness epidemic (150+ cases in 2023 with 300% increase), investment decision urgency ($15-25 billion infrastructure commitments 2024-2030), and organizational coordination across fragmented stakeholders. Findings reveal that successful climate adaptation requires holistic sociotechnical approaches treating ports as integrated human-infrastructure systems where worker safety and facility resilience prove inseparable, supporting Indonesia's maritime economic security and coastal community welfare through comprehensive climate risk management.

The implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) has become an important element in improving healthcare service quality, efficiency, and patient safety in hospitals. However, the benefits of EMR depend not only on system availability but also on the quality of the information provided and how actively the system is used by healthcare professionals. This study aims to analyze the influence of electronic medical record content and perceived ease of use on the net benefits of EMR, with actual system use acting as an intervening variable. The research applied a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design conducted at RSM Hospital. The population consisted of all general practitioners and specialist doctors working at the hospital, totaling 51 respondents, and the study used a total sampling technique. Data were collected through structured questionnaires measured using a Likert scale and analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method. The results show that EMR content and perceived ease of use significantly influence the net benefits of EMR. Both variables also significantly affect the actual use of the system, while actual use significantly influences the benefits obtained. Furthermore, actual use mediates the relationship between EMR content, ease of use, and net benefits, indicating that better information quality and usability can encourage greater system utilization and maximize the advantages of EMR implementation.

Occupational Safety and Health (K3) is an important aspect in protecting workers from potential accidents and health problems arising from work activities, including in the administrative sector, which is often considered low-risk. However, the Human Resources (HR) Department at PT Micro Madani Institute (MMI) Solo Branch still found several potential hazards and work risks that have not been optimally identified. This study aims to apply the Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOPS) and Job Safety Analysis (JSA) methods to identify and mitigate hazards and work accident risks in the HR Department's activities at PT Micro Madani Institute (MMI) Solo Branch. The research method is a qualitative study with a descriptive approach through observation and interviews. Risk analysis used the JSA and HAZOPS methods. The results of the study show that the application of the HAZOPS method in five sections of the HR Department successfully identified 53 potential hazards and risks, consisting of 12 extreme risks, 23 high risks, 15 moderate risks, and 3 low risks with the Employee Training and Development section as the section with the largest number of risks. Meanwhile, the application of the JSA method also identified 53 potential hazards and risks from 19 work activities. The dominant risks stem from non-ergonomic work postures, prolonged sitting, intensive computer use, and high workloads. This study concludes that the JSA and HAZOPS methods are effective in identifying potential occupational hazards and risks and can serve as the basis for control efforts to minimize workplace accidents and improve OHS implementation in the HR Department.

Patient safety culture is an essential component in improving the quality of healthcare services and preventing medical errors in hospitals. However, the implementation of patient safety culture is often influenced by several organizational and individual factors, including situational awareness, availability of hospital infrastructure, and the balance between effort and rewards experienced by healthcare workers. This study aims to analyze the influence of situational awareness and hospital infrastructure on patient safety culture, with effort–reward imbalance acting as a mediating variable. The research was conducted at RSIA Tiara and involved healthcare workers as respondents. A quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design was applied in this study. Data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed to healthcare professionals and analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that situational awareness has a significant positive effect on effort–reward imbalance and patient safety culture. Hospital infrastructure also significantly influences effort–reward imbalance and patient safety culture. Furthermore, effort–reward imbalance significantly affects patient safety culture and mediates the relationship between situational awareness, hospital infrastructure, and patient safety culture. These findings indicate that improving healthcare workers’ situational awareness and ensuring adequate hospital infrastructure can help reduce work imbalance and strengthen patient safety culture. In conclusion, hospital management should prioritize training programs to enhance situational awareness, improve supporting facilities, and implement fair reward systems to promote a sustainable and positive patient safety culture in healthcare organizations.

Occupational health is an important aspect in maintaining worker productivity and safety, particularly in sectors with a high risk of chemical exposure such as gas stations (SPBU). Gas station workers are potentially exposed to hazardous chemical compounds such as benzene, toluene, and xylene which may affect the hematopoietic system and lead to decreased hemoglobin (Hb) levels. The use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is one of the preventive measures to minimize exposure to these hazardous substances. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and hemoglobin levels among female workers exposed to fuel at gas stations in Kendari City. This study employed a quantitative research design with a descriptive analytic approach using a cross-sectional method. The population in this study consisted of all female fuel filling operators working at gas stations in Kendari City, totaling 30 workers, who were all included as research samples. Data on PPE usage were obtained through observation and questionnaires, while hemoglobin levels were measured using a Hematology Analyzer with venous blood samples collected in EDTA tubes. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate statistical tests to determine the relationship between PPE usage and hemoglobin levels. The results showed that out of 30 respondents, 21 (70%) had normal hemoglobin levels and 9 (30%) had abnormal hemoglobin levels. A total of 20 respondents (66.7%) used PPE according to the required standards, while 10 respondents (33.3%) did not meet the PPE requirements. Statistical analysis showed a p-value of 0.104 (p > 0.05), indicating that there was no significant relationship between PPE usage and hemoglobin levels among female gas station workers in Kendari City. The study concludes that the use of PPE does not have a significant relationship with hemoglobin levels among female gas station workers in Kendari City. However, the consistent use of PPE is still recommended as a preventive measure to protect workers from exposure to hazardous chemicals in the workplace.

Compliance with clinical pathways is a critical component in ensuring quality of care, patient safety, and cost efficiency in hospitals. However, its implementation continues to face challenges related to management systems and the work behavior of Healthcare Providers (HCPs). This study aimed to analyze the effect of performance-based remuneration systems and organizational support on clinical pathway compliance, with work discipline serving as an intervening variable among HCPs at Cabangbungin Regional General Hospital.This research employed a quantitative approach with an explanatory research design. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with a Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach, supported by the three-box method analysis. The findings indicate that performance-based remuneration systems and work discipline have a significant positive effect on clinical pathway compliance. Furthermore, work discipline was found to strengthen the relationship between performance-based remuneration and compliance, confirming its mediating role. In contrast, organizational support did not show a significant direct or indirect effect on clinical pathway compliance.The study concludes that compliance with clinical pathways is more strongly influenced by performance control mechanisms and clinical work discipline than by general organizational support. These findings provide evidence-based insights for hospital management in designing sustainable strategies and policies to enhance clinical pathway adherence and improve service quality.

Patient safety is one of the key elements in providing quality health services. Patient safety is a top priority because it has become a global issue in hospital health services. This study aims to determine the relationship between workload and the implementation of patient safety among nurses in the Outpatient Room of Grha Permata Ibu Hospital in 2025. This study is a quantitative, analytical study. This quantitative research uses a cross-sectional design. The population in this study consisted of 40 nurses in the Outpatient Room of Grha Permata Ibu Hospital. Therefore, the sample in this study consisted of 40 respondents using a total sample technique. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the chi-square test. Based on the statistical test results, the p-value was 0.023, meaning that p-value < α (0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between workload and the implementation of patient safety among nurses in the Outpatient Ward of Grha Permata Ibu Hospital in 2025. The hospital is advised to ensure fair task distribution, provide facilities, and offer training and psychological support to manage stress.

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is an important element in creating a safe, healthy, and sustainable work environment. PT. X as a logistics and port operations company has potential occupational hazards originating from physical, chemical, and biological factors that need to be managed optimally. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of OHS at PT. X based on the results of measurements of physical, chemical, and biological factors of the work environment and their compliance with the provisions of the Minister of Manpower Regulation No. 5 of 2018. This study uses a descriptive method with an evaluative approach to work environment monitoring data in 2025 in the generator and office areas. The parameters analyzed include noise, lighting, hot work climate (ISBB), inhalable and respirable dust exposure, and microbiological air quality in the form of total bacteria and fungi. The results show that most parameters meet the specified standards, with the exception of the generator area which exceeds the noise limit and the hot work climate which exceeds the Action Level (AL). The implementation of OHS at PT. X has been running quite well, indicated by most of the work environment parameters that meet the standards. However, strengthening risk controls, particularly regarding noise and hot working conditions in operational areas, is still necessary. This evaluation is expected to serve as a basis for continuous improvement in the implementation of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) to protect workers from potential occupational hazards and support the productivity and sustainability of company operations.

Patient-Centered Care (PCC) is a healthcare approach that places the patient at the center of every interaction and clinical decision-making. However, a preliminary study at Tarumajaya Hospital showed that 58% of healthcare workers had not yet optimally implemented the PCC approach. This study aimed to analyze the influence of self-efficacy and social support on the implementation of Patient-Centered Care, with safety culture as a mediating variable, at Tarumajaya Hospital. The research method used was quantitative analytic with a cross-sectional design. The study sample used a saturated sampling technique of 132 healthcare workers, consisting of doctors, nurses, and medical support staff. Data analysis used Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results showed that self-efficacy and social support had a positive and significant effect on safety culture and PCC implementation. Safety culture also had a positive and significant effect on PCC implementation. Furthermore, safety culture was shown to mediate the influence of self-efficacy and social support on PCC implementation. The coefficient of determination value indicates that the model has strong ability to explain variations in PCC.

Hospitals are high-risk work environments that expose workers to biological, chemical, physical, and psychosocial hazards.  Despite strict regulations on Occupational Safety and Health (OSH), the implementation of regular Medical Check-Ups (MCU) for hospital workers is often considered merely an administrative formality rather than a legal protection instrument. This study aims to analyze the legal urgency of implementing MCU for hospital workers and examine the evidentiary strength of MCU results as a preventive measure against work-related disease claims. This normative juridical research employs statutory and conceptual approaches, analyzing Law No. 17/2023 on Health, Law No. 13/2003 on Manpower, and Ministry of Health regulations on Hospital OSH. Although MCU obligations are legally mandated, their implementation in hospitals remains administrative in nature and suboptimal as legal evidence for establishing causation in occupational disease litigation. MCU documentation serves as critical baseline evidence to prove or refute work-relatedness of health condition. Hospital compliance with MCU standards constitutes not merely a health compliance requirement, but a preventive legal risk management strategy to avoid compensation claims and ensure workers' constitutional rights to a safe work environment. Strengthening internal MCU protocols is essential for minimizing future litigation risks.

The success of information systems projects in the digital transformation era is often hindered by unhealthy team dynamics, even when technical aspects have been optimally met. This study aims to analyze the synergy between inclusive communication strategies and digital leadership styles in building team health and sustainable performance. The research method employed is a qualitative literature study, integrating variables such as digital leadership, psychological safety, and knowledge management. The results indicate that digital leadership serves as a primary catalyst in creating a psychologically safe work environment, which in turn enhances the creative self-efficacy of team members. Synergy is effectively established when leaders adopt transparent communication channels through digital collaboration tools to mitigate role conflict and technostress within hybrid work environments. Furthermore, knowledge coordination is proven to strengthen team cohesiveness through the conversion of personal knowledge into strategic organizational assets. The study concludes that the integration of empathic communication and adaptive leadership is the fundamental basis for the cognitive, psychological, and operational health of the team. This research produces a managerial synergy framework to mitigate the risk of project failure caused by human factors in the digital era.

Construction projects have unique characteristics that differ from other operational activities, as they are time-limited, involve a variety of resources, and require coordination across organizations. Occupational safety and health (K3) is an important element in protecting the workforce as well as the company's assets. This study aims to analyze the implementation of K3 policies in the construction project of PT. X. The research method uses a qualitative approach with case studies, while data analysis is carried out thematically based on the George C. Edwards III policy implementation model, which includes aspects of communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The results of the study show that the implementation of the K3 policy has been running but has not been optimal. The communication aspect has not been carried out regularly and continuously, resources are still limited with task trapping, the disposition of policy implementers is not evenly distributed, marked by low worker compliance, and the bureaucratic structure has not been supported by standardized SOPs and coordination between work units is still weak. This condition creates a gap between the K3 policy and the implementation in the field, so that it has the potential to increase the risk of work accidents and reduce the effectiveness of labor protection. This research emphasizes the need to strengthen communication, increase resources, implement commitment, and improve the bureaucratic structure to support the implementation of more effective K3 policies.

The development of information technology has triggered significant changes in the Indonesian healthcare system, including through the implementation of telemedicine as a key innovation. This digital health innovation requires strengthening the role of health law to ensure service quality, patient safety, and legal guarantees for healthcare workers and service providers. This paper aims to examine the function of health law in the management of national healthcare services, with a particular focus on telemedicine healthcare services, and to evaluate the suitability of its regulations in protecting patient rights. The methodology used is normative legal analysis, which involves examining various laws and regulations such as Law Number 72 of 2023 concerning Health, Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, and Regulation of the Minister of Health Number 20 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Telemedicine Services. Supporting data was obtained from reviewing national scientific journals, which discuss aspects of health law and telemedicine in Indonesia. The results of the study indicate that health law functions as a mechanism to regulate service standards, protect patient rights, and oversee the accountability of healthcare workers in telemedicine practices. However, the implementation of regulations related to telemedicine still faces several obstacles.

This study was conducted to analyze the causes of occupational accidents and to identify potential hazards in the material cutting process at PT Kanaan Global Indonesia using the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) approach. The high number of occupational accidents, totaling 15 cases during the period of December 2024–May 2025, indicates the existence of gaps in occupational safety control in this area. Data were collected through direct observation, interviews with workers, and the collection of historical data from the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) unit. Risk analysis was carried out using a risk matrix to determine likelihood and severity values, followed by JSA for each work stage. The results identified 25 potential hazards, consisting of 4 risks in the extreme category, 9 in the high category, 7 in the medium category, and 5 in the low category. High-risk hazards were predominantly found in roll cutting and cutting press machines, which are characterized by mechanical hazards. Control recommendations focus on the implementation of engineering controls such as the installation of guarding systems and safety light curtains, improvements in safe work procedures, and increased discipline in the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). These findings demonstrate that the JSA method provides a comprehensive overview of risk sources and serves as an effective basis for formulating occupational accident control strategies within the company.