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The increasing number of children facing the law in Indonesia indicates that the repressive legal approach has not been fully effective in addressing juvenile crime. Children, as subjects of law, have social and psychological characteristics that differ from adults, so law enforcement against them must consider humanitarian and educational aspects. This research aims to analyze the factors causing children to commit criminal acts and formulate a model for addressing them based on developing a legal culture rooted in Pancasila values. This research employs a normative juridical method with conceptual and legislative approaches, and analyzes data qualitatively thru literature review and positive legal norms. The research findings indicate that the causes of children committing criminal acts are multidimensional, encompassing family factors, social environment, education, economics, and psychological factors. Therefore, mitigation efforts cannot be done partially, but must be thru a preventive, educational, and restorative approach. This research offers a model for overcoming challenges thru the development of a legal culture based on five main pillars: family, education, society, the state, and the legal system. This model emphasizes the importance of synergy between law enforcement and moral development in accordance with the values of Divinity, Humanity, Unity, Deliberation, and Social Justice. Thus, the development of Pancasila legal culture is expected to realize a child criminal justice system that is humanistic, substantively just, and oriented toward social rehabilitation in accordance with the legal ideals of a Pancasila state of law.

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the infectious diseases that remains a public health problem in Indonesia, including in West Java Province, which has a large population and high mobility. This condition has the potential to increase the risk of transmission and cause variations in the distribution of cases between districts and cities. This study aims to map the distribution of TB cases across all districts and cities in West Java Province from 2022 to 2024 using a spatial analysis approach. This analysis was conducted to describe the geographical distribution of cases, identify patterns of spread, and determine areas with relatively high or low case rates. TB data was obtained from routine recording and reporting by health facilities in West Java, then integrated with population and administrative boundary data. The results of the analysis provide information on case distribution patterns between regions and trends in case changes from year to year. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a basis for local governments in formulating more targeted TB prevention and control strategies, through a focus on interventions in areas with a high case burden, as well as optimizing sustainable public health programs in West Java Province.  

Per capita expenditure is an important indicator of household welfare because it reflects the economic capacity and consumption patterns of the community, as explained in Engel's Law. In regions with diverse geographical characteristics such as Papua Province, spatial analysis is needed to understand the variations in expenditure between districts/cities and the differences between urban and rural areas. This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution of per capita expenditure percentages for food and non-food items in nine districts/cities in Papua Province during the 2022–2024 period. The research data was sourced from the National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas). The methods used included quantile-based choropleth mapping using QGIS, attribute data merging through table joins, and Pearson's correlation test to evaluate the consistency of spending patterns between years. The analysis results show that food and non-food spending patterns were relatively stable during the observation period with high correlation values (r = 0,85–0,93), although spatial variations between regions were still apparent. Mamberamo Raya Regency consistently had the highest proportion of food spending (>68%), while Jayapura City showed the lowest proportion. These findings indicate spatial disparities related to urbanization levels and economic access. Spatial visualization proved effective in revealing regional disparity patterns that were not fully apparent through conventional statistical tables and has the potential to support the formulation of more evidence-based regional development policies.  

The evaluation of Indonesian language instruction at the junior secondary level remains predominantly oriented toward lower-order thinking skills, thereby constraining the advancement of students’Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). This situation necessitates the development of comprehensive assessment tools that are coherently aligned with the Merdeka Curriculum. The present study introduces a model for constructing HOTS-oriented assessment instruments targeting procedural text writing in Phase D. The development process was systematically organized through several stages: translating learning outcomes into measurable indicators, preparing assessment blueprints, creating item cards, formulating scoring rubrics for attitudes, knowledge, and skills, and finally analyzing and interpreting the assessment data. These instruments were specifically designed to capture students’ analytical, evaluative, and creative abilities in producing procedural texts that are logical, coherent, and effective. Findings demonstrate that the instruments provide an objective and holistic representation of students’ competency attainment. In summary, the proposed HOTS-based assessment model for procedural text writing is practical, methodical, and contextually relevant, serving as a valuable framework for evaluating Indonesian language learning in accordance with the Merdeka Curriculum principles.

This study examines the application of double integrals in calculating the volume of cylindrical concrete piles as a basis for estimating material requirements in building foundation structures. The volume calculation was carried out using a double-integral approach in polar coordinates for three pile segments with lengths of 4 m, 3.9 m, and 4 m, each having a diameter of 60 cm. The results were then validated using the standard geometric formula to ensure consistency and mathematical reliability. The obtained concrete volume was subsequently used to estimate material needs based on a 1:1.5:3 mix proportion consisting of cement, sand, and gravel. The findings indicate that double integrals can be effectively applied to generate accurate estimations of both volume and material requirements, supporting logistical planning in construction. This approach also highlights the strong connection between mathematical concepts—particularly multivariable calculus—and practical applications in civil engineering. Furthermore, the study emphasizes that double integrals may serve as a relevant alternative when structural modeling requires deeper analytical exploration or validation beyond conventional geometry. Therefore, the implementation of double integrals not only reinforces theoretical understanding but also enhances precision in evaluating structural components within building foundation planning.

Problem solving in permutation and combination requires the ability to understand context, choose strategies, and perform calculation procedures accurately. Based on the analysis of students' answers, it was found that difficulties arose consistently at each stage of problem solving according to Polya, namely the problem understanding stage, the planning stage, the plan implementation stage, and the rechecking stage. In general, students' weaknesses are not only related to their understanding of permutation and combination concepts, but also to their inability to apply problem-solving steps systematically. The results of the study indicate the need for a learning approach that not only focuses on mastering formulas, but also strengthens problem literacy, the ability to identify relevant information, and the selection of solution strategies appropriate to the characteristics of the problem. In addition, the habit of reflection through reviewing the process and results of the solution needs to be developed consistently so that students are able to recognize mistakes and improve their accuracy in solving permutation and combination word problems in a more accurate, logical, and structured manner.

Injustice against women in contemporary Islamic law practice is still a serious problem, especially in cases of divorce, child custody, and the division of common property, which are often decided textually without considering the social, economic, and psychological aspects of women. This phenomenon shows that the application of Islamic law is still normative and does not fully reflect substantive justice as the purpose of maqāṣid al-syarī'ah. This research aims to analyze the nature of justice for women in the modern era, identify the steps needed to realize this justice, and formulate Islamic legal solutions based on maqāṣid al-syarī'ah that can be applied contextually in the religious justice system. The research method used is qualitative with a normative-empirical approach through literature analysis, case studies, and empirical data from religious court decisions and reports of official institutions such as Komnas Perempuan. The results of the study show that justice for women can only be achieved through a dynamic maqāṣid approach, by placing the interests of women and children above the legal-formalities of classical fiqh. The efforts needed include the integration of empirical data in judges' decisions, reform of religious justice policies, increasing the capacity of judges in understanding maqāṣid, and empowering women through legal literacy.

In Indonesia, micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) have long been recognized as a very important business sector due to their various real roles in the economy. However, MSMEs often face many obstacles in running their businesses. More incentive support from various parties, especially the government, is needed for the development of MSMEs. In order to overcome the problems faced by MSMEs and support their sustainability, a KKU (Business Field Study) activity was carried out by Group 15 at the KKU-11 of the Institute of Technology and Business (ITB) Adias Pemalang at the MSME “Ev_Kids Product.”After conducting an observation phase, several problems faced by the SME were identified, including the lack of social media for marketing, failure to calculate the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) and maintain simple accounting records, absence of a business logo, banners, promotional image designs, organizational structure, business profile, product catalog, stamps, receipt books, and product attributes. Additionally, the SME had never produced a production video or promotional video.After conducting the observation phase, KKU actors formulated several business development assistance programs, namely creating social media accounts, calculating the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS), creating simple bookkeeping, creating a business logo, banners, promotional image designs, organizational structure, business profile, product catalog, stamps, note books, and product attributes in the form of hangtags. They also created production videos and promotional videos.

This study aims to understand how PKK mothers in BPI Semarang give meaning to their life experiences in building humanistic values ​​within the community. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, data were obtained through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies. Data analysis was conducted by identifying themes of experience formulated based on Carl Rogers' humanistic theory, including empathy, unconditional acceptance, openness, and self-actualization. The results indicate that the PKK serves as a space that facilitates members' mutual support, mentoring, and development of their potential, allowing humanistic values ​​to naturally emerge in community interactions.

Stunting and wasting are nutritional problems in toddlers that remain a double burden of malnutrition in Indonesia and have an impact on the quality of health and future human resource development. Monitoring the nutritional status of toddlers is generally carried out using anthropometric indicators, but the use of this data is still limited to descriptive analysis. This study aims to apply the K-Means algorithm in clustering infants vulnerable to stunting and wasting based on anthropometric indicators, so that groups of infants with different levels of nutritional vulnerability can be identified. The dataset used consists of infant data with variables of gender, age (months), height (cm), and weight (kg). The research stages included data preprocessing, encoding categorical variables, data normalization, determining the optimal number of clusters using the Elbow and Silhouette Score methods, and analyzing the characteristics of each cluster. The evaluation results showed that the optimal number of clusters was four. Each cluster has different anthropometric characteristics and distributions of stunting and wasting status, ranging from groups with relatively normal nutritional conditions, groups with a tendency toward overnutrition, to groups that are vulnerable to acute and chronic malnutrition. These clustering results provide a more comprehensive and segmented mapping of toddlers, which can be used as a basis for formulating more targeted and data-driven nutrition policies and interventions.

This study aims to analyze the influence of promotion, shopping convenience, advertising, recommendation, comment, and credibility factors on purchase intensity in the TikTok Shop platform among Indonesian households. The rapid development of social commerce services requires a deep understanding of factors driving online purchasing decisions, especially among families as primary users. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing a Likert-scale questionnaire distributed online. The sample consisted of 150 active TikTok Shop users from various household backgrounds. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) via SmartPLS was used to analyze the direct effects of each factor on purchase intensity. The results indicate that promotion, shopping convenience, and credibility significantly and positively influence purchase intensity, while advertising, recommendation, and comment have relatively weaker yet still relevant effects. These findings underscore the importance of effective promotional strategies, ease-of-shopping enhancements, and building platform credibility to boost purchase intensity within the household consumer segment. The practical implications can guide e-commerce practitioners and digital marketers in formulating adaptive marketing strategies in the era of social commerce.

The rapid development of artificial intelligence, particularly ChatGPT, has created new opportunities to support students’ academic activities in higher education. However, its utilization needs to be evaluated in terms of the alignment between academic task characteristics and technological capabilities to ensure optimal outcomes. This study aims to examine the feasibility of using ChatGPT in students’ academic activities by applying the Task–Technology Fit (TTF) model. This research employed a quantitative approach using Structural Equation Modeling based on Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to university students and analyzed using SmartPLS 4 software. The variables examined included Task Characteristics, Technology Characteristics, Task–Technology Fit, Performance Impact, and Utilization. The results indicate that Task Characteristics and Technology Characteristics have a positive and significant effect on Task–Technology Fit. Furthermore, Task–Technology Fit significantly influences Performance Impact and Utilization. Performance Impact also shows a positive and significant effect on the utilization of ChatGPT by students. These findings suggest that the alignment between academic task requirements and the capabilities of ChatGPT plays a crucial role in improving students’ performance and encouraging sustained technology use. The implications of this study highlight the importance of selective and purposeful use of ChatGPT in higher education and provide a reference for higher education institutions in formulating policies related to the ethical and effective integration of artificial intelligence technologies as learning support tools.

With the rapid growth of Jambi City's tourism sector, the demand for souvenir products as a representation of local culture has increased. However, this potential has resulted in fierce competition among businesses. To generate new customers, businesses require effective digital and physical marketing strategies. The purpose of this study was to examine how social media marketing, product quality, and location at Gerai Adila simultaneously and partially influence consumer purchasing decisions. A survey method was used to implement a quantitative approach; data from 387 respondents, collected through Google Forms, were selected using the Slovin formula from a population of 11,723 customers in 2024. In data analysis, instruments, classical assumptions, multiple linear regression, and hypothesis testing were conducted using SPSS 25. The results showed that social media marketing, product quality, and Gerai Adila's location partially had a positive and significant impact on consumer decisions to purchase products at Gerai Adila; social media marketing played a role in increasing consumer brand awareness and purchasing interest, while product quality influenced consumer satisfaction and trust. In addition, it was proven that all three variables had a positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions. The results show that to increase the competitiveness of souvenir shops in Jambi City, digital marketing strategies, consistent product quality, and the right location are important factors.

This study aims to design the User Interface (UI) and User Experience (UX) on the VINIX Showcase Website as a personal branding platform and digital Skill Passport for participants of the VINIX Seven Aurum Program using the Design Thinking method. The background of this research is the absence of an integrated digital platform that can systematically and easily document and display participants' skills, projects, certificates, and professional identity. The design process is carried out through five stages of Design Thinking, namely Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, and Test, starting with exploring user needs, formulating problems, developing solution ideas, creating Prototypes, and Usability Testing. The results of the study consist of the UI/UX design of the VINIX Showcase Website, which includes registration and Login features, user Dashboard, Skill Passport, project upload, public Showcase, and automatic CV generation feature. Testing using the Usability Testing method showed that the resulting design has a good level of ease of use and comfort and is acceptable to users. This research is expected to be an effective digital solution in supporting personal branding, skills documentation, and improving the professionalism of VINIX Seven Aurum Program participants.

Ontology is the philosophical foundation that determines the way reality is understood in the development of science. Differences in ontological assumptions will have implications for the way science is constructed, developed, and interpreted. This article aims to philosophically analyze the ontology of science in Western and Islamic perspectives by highlighting its fundamental similarities and differences. This study uses a qualitative approach based on literature studies with descriptive-analytical and comparative methods. The results show that the ontology of Western science tends to emphasize empirical and rational reality as the main object of science, while the ontology of Islamic science is based on the principle of monotheism which looks at reality holistically, including physical and metaphysical dimensions. Although paradigmatically different, the two perspectives have a common point in the recognition of the order of nature and the role of reason in understanding reality. This article affirms the importance of ontological dialogue between the West and Islam in formulating a scientific paradigm that is not only technically advanced, but also philosophically and ethically meaningful.

This study aims to describe the process and results of the implementation of the teaching module "My Responsibility as a Child of God" in Christian Religious Education and Character Education learning in grade IV of SDN 1 Kereng Bangkirai Palangka Raya. This module was developed to instill the value of responsibility as a Christian character in students through active learning activities that include discussions, Responsible Action Challenge games, and the preparation of personal commitments. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach with 10 students as subjects. Data were obtained through observation, cognitive, affective, psychomotor assessments, and documentation during the learning process. The results showed that students were able to understand the concept of responsibility biblically through the story of Joseph in Genesis 37–50, and showed increased enthusiasm, cooperation, and courage in expressing opinions. The personal commitment products produced by students showed that most students were able to formulate concrete actions as a form of implementation of responsibility in everyday life. Obstacles found were variations in students' ability to focus and differences in the speed of students in understanding instructions, but these could be overcome through more intensive guidance and direction.  

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing Wizzmie customer purchasing decision model in Semarang City: shopping experience involvement as a mediating variable. This study is a type of quantitative research with primary data sources in the form of questionnaires. The sampling method in this study uses the Hair formula which obtained 140 research samples. The analyzed data used in this study is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) with Smart PLS 3.0 software. The results of this study state that store atmosphere and shopping experience have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. Conversely, brand image, social media marketing, and service quality do not have a significant direct effect on purchasing decisions. However, shopping experience is proven to be able to mediate the influence of store atmosphere, social media marketing, and service quality on purchasing decisions. Thus, although not all variables have a direct effect on purchasing decisions, some of them can indirectly influence through shopping experience as a mediating variable.

This study aims to examine the influence of work environment, work motivation, and job training on employee performance, with work discipline as an intervening variable at PT. Telkom Akses Semarang. The population of this research consists of 400 employees of PT. Telkom Akses Semarang, which is a prominent company in the telecommunications sector. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, and the sample size of 100 employees was determined using the Slovin formula to ensure a representative sample. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed randomly to the selected respondents to gather comprehensive and reliable information. This study employed a quantitative analysis approach, utilizing Smart PLS as the analytical tool, covering the outer model, inner model, and hypothesis testing to assess the relationships between the variables. The findings indicate that the work environment, work motivation, and job training significantly affect employee performance at PT. Telkom Akses Semarang. Furthermore, the use of work discipline as an intervening variable also mediates the influence of work environment, work motivation, and job training on employee performance, suggesting that work discipline plays a crucial role in enhancing overall employee productivity and organizational success.

Advances in accounting technology and economic decision-making have resulted in many important risk assessment tools that support the decision making process. In the past, risk assessment depended on personal opinions and manual analysis, which often resulted in inaccurate estimates and delays in decision-making. However, with these risk assessment tools, we can now identify, analyze, and mitigate various risks that can affect financial and economic outcomes in a more accurate and efficient manner. This study aims to discuss technology in the form of risk assessment tools as an aid in decision-making and identify trending topics related to the use of risk assessment tools from 2020-2025, particularly in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach and collects data from the scopus database of 1.827 articles selected from 2020 to 2025. In understanding research from the scopus database, bibliometric analysis was used in this study and using analysis tools such as R Studio and Vos Viewer. The results of the study show a significant increase in publications related to risk assessment tools with a growing trend toward international collaboration. The dominant themes that emerged include decision making, artificial intelligence, climate change, health risks, and financial markets. In addition, the increasing number of publications with international collaboration trends shows that the use of risk assessment tools has become a global standard that Indonesia needs to adapt. The government can use these findings as a basis for formulating policies that are more adaptive to technological developments.

Economic forecasting is becoming increasingly important year after year, especially during crises such as the pandemic of COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine war. Its development can be seen from the use of basic statistical models to the increasingly widespread use of machine learning technology. Economic forecasting plays an important role in helping to formulate policies and is also a reliable tool for researchers in dealing with uncertainty. Global crises, such as inflationary pressures due to the pandemic and supply chain disruptions from the Russia-Ukraine conflict, have prompted increased research in this field in an effort to anticipate economic shocks and emphasize the urgency of forecasting to prepare strategies for dealing with future uncertainty. This literature review uses the Scopus database with 2561 publications from 2020 to 2025, analyzed using R Studio with a bibliometrix approach (specifically biblioshiny) and VOSviewer to map relevant thematic connections. This analysis shows that economic forecasting is greatly influenced by market uncertainty and geopolitical factors, and at the same time influences public policy formulation and financial stability. Research contributions from Indonesia are still limited, with only 40 documents, thus emphasizing the need to strengthen economic forecasting studies in Indonesia to support monetary policy and national financial stability.