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According to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), fire caused by an oxidation process that involved fire triangle elements. The fire triangle elements consist of fuel, oxygen, and heat. Informal industry, such as UMKM, facing a high risk because of fund limitation which hinder risk analysis and post-disaster recovery, moreover lack of regulation and adequate protection measures such as fire protection systems. To decrease that risk, a fire disaster mitigation program is needed, including outreach, training about how to use a fire extinguisher, and fire simulation. This program aims to increase the knowledge and preparedness of workers in facing potential fire hazards so that the risk can be minimized and the losses can be reduced. This research using a pre-experimental design method approached by one group pretest-posttest design. According to pre-test and post-test results by the workers, there was a 9.4% increase in knowledge. It evidenced by the result of the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test which showed a P-value of 0.003 (p ≤ 0,05), which means there is a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test result.

Disasters are a series of events or occurrences that cause ecological damage, eliminate many lives, cause damage to infrastructure and public facilities and services, and worsen public health or health facility services. The survey showed that, after a disaster event, the results of early detection of anxiety symptoms carried out on disaster victims showed that as many as 85.11% of people experienced anxiety within normal limits, while 14.89% fell into the clinical anxiety category. Around 15-20% of the population will experience mild or moderate mental disorders which refer to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), while 3-4% will experience severe disorders such as psychosis, severe depression and high anxiety..

Abstract: This study explores the communication patterns used by the Fire and Rescue Department of Bekasi City in disseminating fire disaster mitigation education at SMK Vinama 2 Bekasi. The research investigates how disaster communication is implemented through socialization programs aimed at increasing students’ awareness and preparedness toward fire hazards. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation with key informants, including officials from the Prevention Division, school representatives, and student participants. The findings reveal that the department adopts a multi-layered communication model integrating one-way, two-way, and multi-way approaches to effectively convey safety messages. The process involves formal coordination, practical demonstrations, and participatory simulations, contributing to improved literacy and proactive attitudes among students. This study highlights the essential role of structured communication patterns in enhancing disaster preparedness and proposes recommendations for strengthening participatory engagement in future educational programs.

Earthquakes are one of the most common and potentially devastating natural disasters, especially in countries located along fault lines. Indonesia, which is located on the Pacific Ring of Fire, often experiences earthquakes. Simulations can improve children's disaster preparedness, provide self-confidence, and foster a sense of responsibility. Community service activities were carried out at MTsN Sumba Timur on September 7, 2024 starting at 08.00 -10.00 WITA. The name of the community empowerment program is Earthquake Disaster Preparedness Education and Simulation for MTsN Sumba Timur Students as a form of community service in the East Sumba NTT region, by providing education and understanding of the dangers of earthquakes and how to prevent accidents due to earthquakes, as well as providing simulations to maximize participants' knowledge. The first stage is a pre-test on disaster mitigation. This aims to determine students' initial understanding of earthquake disaster mitigation. There are eight Guttman scale questions containing "yes" and "no" answer choices with one correct answer. Next is the presentation of material on earthquake disaster mitigation supported by the use of power points and animated videos. The material provided is in the form of a disaster preparedness plan that includes an introduction to the types of earthquakes, the impact of earthquakes, what happens when an earthquake occurs, and the stages of efforts to increase preparedness before an earthquake occurs, when an earthquake occurs. and after an earthquake occurs. Community service activities through Earthquake Disaster Preparedness Education and Simulation for MTsN Sumba Timur Students were carried out well and effectively. The suggestions that can be conveyed are 1. Activities like this should be carried out periodically in different locations but are prone to disasters so that Disaster Preparedness efforts can be felt by the community fairly and evenly. 2. Partnerships with other sciences and sectors so that Disaster Preparedness efforts can be evenly distributed in all aspects of community life towards optimal public health.

Indonesia is a country that faces a high risk of multiple disasters, one of which is fire disasters that can be prevented by the community through preparedness and early detection. The community service program, implemented by a team of lecturers and students from the Disaster Management Study Program at Budi Luhur University in collaboration with the Tanjungpinang SAR Office, conducted a basic fire extinguishing training session at SMAN 2 Tanjungpinang. The target audience for this training was students involved in the Scout, Paskibraka, and PKS (School Security Patrol) extracurricular activities, aimed at increasing student preparedness for fire emergencies. The activities included both theoretical materials and practical exercises on extinguishing fires and techniques for victim evacuation. The evaluation results showed an increase in participants' knowledge, particularly regarding the basic concepts of fire and victim movement, with understanding levels ranging from 45% to 100%, depending on the material. Although the results were positive, areas such as the type of fire extinguisher material and victim transfer techniques require further emphasis. This collaboration between educational institutions and disaster response agencies has proven effective in building student awareness to deal with emergency situations. Recommendations for future training include adopting a more interactive approach and incorporating intensive simulations to enhance students' understanding and readiness to face disaster.

Natural disasters have become an integral part of people's lives in Indonesia, disrupting daily activities and causing significant impacts. Indonesia, located in the Ring of Fire, faces a high risk of volcanic eruptions, including the active Mount Kerinci which has the potential to cause disasters such as volcanic ashfall. Kresik Tuo Village, located near Mount Kerinci, faces a direct threat from this eruption. The community, especially the youth, need to improve their preparedness and knowledge to deal with potential disasters. The "MENGABU Siaga dalam Bencana" program is designed to improve the preparedness of the Kresik Tuo Village community in dealing with potential volcanic ashfall, with the hope of contributing to the development of community preparedness strategies in disaster-prone areas. To improve the knowledge of youth in Kresik Tuo Village related to disasters and disaster preparedness. The study used the Pre-Experimental research method with a Prepost Test Design. Sampling used a non-probability sampling technique with convenience sampling according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of 40 respondents. Wilcoxon test shows that there is a significant increase in the knowledge of youth preparedness for the eruption of Mount Merapi after being given the "Mengabu Siaga dalam Bencana" program. All respondents experienced an increase in knowledge, as indicated by a positive ranks value of 40 and a p value = 0.000. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that there is a significant effect of the "Mengabu (Mengabu Storm Ash) Siaga Dalam Bencana" Program on Youth Preparedness Knowledge for Disasters in Kresik Tuo Village, Kayu Aro District, Kerinci Regency, Jambi in increasing youth knowledge.

Mohammad Hardiansyah. Strategy to Improve The Discipline of FireFighting Personnel to the Palembang Fire and Disaster Management Service. This study aims to Improve the Discipline of Fire Fighting Personnel to the Palembang Fire And Disaster Management Service. The results show that from the results of research that has been carried out it can be said that the Strategy for Increasing Discipline of Personnel Related to Fire Fighting Services to the Community at the Palembang City Fire and Disaster Management Service has not been effective because there are several indicators that have not been met from the side of external training that are not. can be followed by all personnel due to limited funds, as well as the support of facilities and facilities that are still not supported. For training activities carried out by employees, namely internal training for Levels I, II and III, while external training is held at the DKI Jakarta Fire Department in Ciracas, and has now been implemented by the Ministry of Home Affairs.  The supporting factor in this research is where the ASN development policy, as well as agency support for internal training and personal motivation are the main and important things, although in the future there will need to be other improvements. In addition, the existence of rewards and punishments is also a motivation to improve work discipline. Improving the quality of work is apart from the quality of personnel, also in terms of improving supporting facilities and infrastructure, currently the facilities owned are still not in accordance with the needs, so this is the inhibiting factor in this research. Then a lot of fire fighting equipment is still lacking, be it hoses, pumps, for reasons of budget constraints, of course this triggers the fire fire operation process

Iskandar Suhardi, Evaluation of Health Protocol Enforcement Performance by Members of the Merdeka Post during the Covid-19 Period by the Palembang City Fire and Disaster Management Service. This study aims to analyze the Performance Evaluation of Health Protocol Enforcement by Members of the Merdeka Post during the Covid-19 Period by the Palembang City Fire and Disaster Management Service. The study used qualitative methods with data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that in the application of the health protocol itself in a combined unit of several elements and agencies, it has several weaknesses, first from the community side who really underestimates the Corona virus, then from the officers themselves there is still minimal knowledge in providing education about the importance of complying with health protocol. The enforcement of health protocols did not go as expected, based on the health protocol policy itself, because there were several aspects, where in fact not all people believed in the existence of the corona virus, some even said that this corona was just a political conspiracy and the like, so that officers had difficulty in enforcement of health protocols. In 2020-2021 the health protocol policy is going quite well, people still have fear and vigilance about the spread of the corona virus, but in the course of time and being supported by people who have been vaccinated 1 and 2, it makes people feel safer, so that strict adherence to simple wearing a mask is no longer obeyed, not to mention other things such as washing hands and so on. The implementation of this health protocol policy has many obstacles and the weak side is public awareness and the pros and cons regarding the presence or absence of the corona virus, so that some people do not obey the applicable rules, and this makes it difficult for officers to carry out the policies that have been determined. So in this case the officer must have the right technique or method so that the implementation process can be easier.    

Imam Sufardi Sunaryo, Evaluation of Personnel Performance in Efforts to Overcome Fire Incidents (Case Study of the Kemuning Command Post at the Palembang City Fire and Disaster Management Service). This study aims to analyze the performance of personnel in disaster management efforts (Case Study of the Kemuning Command Post at the Palembang City Fire and Disaster Management Office). The study used qualitative methods with data collection, namely observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the personnel have tried to do a good job in accordance with the SOP or applicable regulations, but on the other hand the personnel also continue to learn and practice in self-development and personal quality improvement by improving the quality of individuals which are expected to have an impact on the institution in service to public. The firefighters, especially the kemuning post, have done a good job, where the fact is that from time to time the personnel continue to learn and make improvements to their performance, by improving the quality of service for the fire service, especially the kemuning post. Every time from year to year there are always improvements and improvements both in terms of increasing human resources with training every time, there are also improvements in terms of facilities and infrastructure that continue to be added and improved, with the aim of improving the quality of the institution's services. The result is maximum, but technical and method problems in the field, of course, there are still many gaps that must be made for improvements that should be minimized in the future. The supporting factors in this research, namely the existence of training and training attended by personnel, are an important factor to improve the performance of Pos Kemuning personnel. While the inhibiting factor is the lack of supporting facilities such as cars and others.    

The flood management program at the Bukit Sawangan Indah Housing Complex is an effort and method to overcome flood disasters when water overflows and the inability of the embankments and the Angke river sheet pile to accommodate water deliveries from Bogor, West Java. The flow of the Kali Angke River which is right at the Bukit Sawangan Indah Housing Complex is the flow and end point of the Kali Angke Channel. So all the problems with the flow of the Kali Angke river are centered on the Bukit Sawangan Indah housing complex because the position of the housing complex is an estuary. The aim of this research is to determine the level of community participation in overcoming flood disasters in the Bukit Sawangan Indah Housing Complex, Duren Mekar Village, Bojong Sari District, Depok City, from all sides and how to deal with it. The steps in efforts to overcome flood disasters are starting to seek aspirations and attracting community sympathy in protecting and preserving the surrounding environment, increasing community awareness, then instilling the values of deliberation and consensus, fostering the values of mutual cooperation and cooperation, mingling and helping fellow local residents to maintain one condition and another. In realizing community participation in overcoming the threat of flooding in the Bukit Sawangan Indah Housing Complex, Duren Mekar District, Depok City, the author used descriptive qualitative research. Even though this research has obstacles in its efforts to overcome, efforts are being made immediately to preserve the environment in the future. With awareness of the challenges and commitment to continuous improvement, the collaboration of all parties, namely the Bukit Sawangan Indah housing community itself, RT/RW management, youth organization management, firefighters and the Tagana team has the potential to create a more efficient and responsive environment in the improvement process for dealing with flood disasters.

Geologically, Indonesia is located along the Ring of Fire, a volcanic line that surrounds the Pacific Ocean, making Indonesia a vulnerable country and has the potential to experience natural disasters. This is not proportional to the ability and readiness of the community in dealing with natural disasters. This community service socialization and disaster mitigation simulation was carried out to Kemala Bhayangkari 9 Waru Junior High School Students which aims to provide education to be alert when facing natural disasters, especially earthquakes. This socialization and simulation is very effective as seen from the students practicing the simulations that we demonstrate, so it can also be assessed that students really understand and are ready if there is a natural disaster

Indonesia, as a country with complex geological conditions due to the convergence of various tectonic plates, is highly susceptible to natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions. The city of Semarang, as the capital of Central Java Province, also frequently faces disasters such as floods, landslides, and earthquakes. Predicting the occurrence of natural disasters becomes crucial to mitigate the negative impacts they cause. This study uses the Markov chain method to predict natural disasters in the city of Semarang based on disaster data from 2018-2022. The prediction results indicate a 16% chance of floods, 34% chance of landslides, 10% chance of tornadoes, 22% chance of fires, and 17% chance of falling trees in 2023. Validation of the predictions against actual data for 2023 shows a relatively good match for floods and fires, but there are significant differences in the predictions for tornadoes and falling trees. These results indicate that the Markov chain method has potential in predicting disaster occurrences, but accuracy improvements are needed to account for weather variability and dynamic environmental factors. This research is expected to assist the government and society in enhancing disaster preparedness and mitigation in the future.

Forest and land fires are natural disasters that often occur in Indonesia, especially during the dry season. These fires cause enormous environmental damage, economic losses, and social problems. In fact, large forest and land fires result in devastating smoke impacts beyond state administrative boundaries (transnational disasters).  The type of research that the author will use in this research is normative juridical. The use of this type of normative juridical research is because the object of study is related to legal principles and principles as well as theories and opinions of legal experts. It can be said that normative juridical research is literature research.  In general, forest fires that occur in Indonesia are caused by three main factors, namely fuel conditions, weather and social and cultural conditions of the community. Fuel conditions that are prone to fire hazards are their abundance on the forest floor, relatively low water content (dry), and continuous fuel availability. Climatic factors in the form of temperature, humidity, wind and rainfall also determine fire susceptibility. High temperatures due to direct sunlight cause fuel to dry out and become flammable, high humidity (in forests with dense vegetation) reduces the chance of forest fires occurring, wind also influences the fuel drying process and the speed at which fire spreads while rainfall influences the size of the fire. water contained in the fuel.

Fires in residential areas usually occur in densely populated areas. Rawa Buaya Village is a sub-district in West Jakarta City which has a fairly high population density and there is also a densely populated settlement located at RT.016/RW.04 with 445 families. This settlement experienced fire disasters five times in 2008, 2009, 2015, and twice in 2022. The aim of the research is to describe community preparedness to reduce the risk of fire as well as factors that support and inhibit community preparedness. This research uses descriptive methods through a qualitative approach. The results of the research show that 40% of the community knows that the cause of fires is due to human negligence, 81% have the desire to prevent fires, 76% have an agreement between the Head of the RT and the community, 74% have determined the evacuation location for victims, 67% do not know the evacuation route board, 91% have the desire to to help their relatives, 62% only knew that a fire simulation had been carried out once, 74% had no early warning system, and 60% had not prepared an emergency fund. So it was concluded that the community was sufficiently prepared to face fires by knowing the causes and things to prevent fires, having an agreement to prepare evacuation locations, helping relatives and participating in disaster simulations, but the vulnerability of the living environment was a factor that triggered fires.  

Indonesia is a country that has a high potential for natural disasters.  This is because Indonesia is located in the ring of fire which forms an archipelago.  Program from Beneran Indonesia in the form of Service Learning (SL) is a volunteer action carried out to increase the effectiveness of disaster prevention and mitigation by optimizing public awareness strategies so that community participation can increase in carrying out disaster prevention and mitigation, research and spatial and land planning.  The form of this program is in the form of educational videos sent via social media, Instagram.  The purpose of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of disaster education videos to increase disaster knowledge and attitudes in the community.  With a qualitative descriptive analytic observation method with a cross sectional approach through data collection techniques in the form of observation and documentation.  Thus, the results of this research also show that this disaster education video media is effective for increasing disaster knowledge and attitudes.  Because the effective and efficient dissemination is accompanied by packaging of video content that is concise, solid and enjoyable.    

Indonesia is a country that has a high potential for natural disasters.  This is because Indonesia is located in the ring of fire which forms an archipelago.  Program from Beneran Indonesia in the form of Service Learning (SL) is a volunteer action carried out to increase the effectiveness of disaster prevention and mitigation by optimizing public awareness strategies so that community participation can increase in carrying out disaster prevention and mitigation, research and spatial and land planning.  The form of this program is in the form of educational videos sent via social media, Instagram.  The purpose of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of disaster education videos to increase disaster knowledge and attitudes in the community.  With a qualitative descriptive analytic observation method with a cross sectional approach through data collection techniques in the form of observation and documentation.  Thus, the results of this research also show that this disaster education video media is effective for increasing disaster knowledge and attitudes.  Because the effective and efficient dissemination is accompanied by packaging of video content that is concise, solid and enjoyable.    

Fire is a threat to human safety, property and the environment. With the increasingly rapid development and progress of development, the risk of fires is increasing. Shophouses or shophouses are places that are prone to fires. The increasingly dense population and the construction of office buildings have created a vulnerability in the event of a fire. Preventive efforts must be carried out by each individual and work unit, so that casualties from fire incidents can be minimized. Fires can cause moral, material and even human life losses. Fires that hit public facilities, of course, cause losses to many people. Shophouse fires often occur suddenly due to short circuits, gas explosions or due to sparks from cigarettes/matches. The research carried out this time focuses on creating a fire detection system using ESP32 and Arduino. The system uses three sensors, namely a temperature sensor, a gas sensor and a fire sensor. Temperature sensors are useful for monitoring room temperature conditions, fire sensors are useful for detecting the presence of fire in a fire disaster and gas sensors are useful for detecting the presence of smoke that appears as a result of a fire disaster. This system uses an ESP32 microcontroller and uses the Arduino IDE application. The results of the fire detection system are expected to reduce the occurrence of fire accidents and also losses caused by fire accidents.

Fire is a disaster that cannot be predicted when it will occur and where it will occur, it's just that densely populated areas are areas that are vulnerable to the danger of fire. Fire disaster in Samarinda City. Data obtained from the Samarinda City Fire and Rescue Service are fire incidents from 2021 to 2023. In 2021 there were 230 fire incidents, in 2022 there were 209 fires, in 2023 there were 99 fires. so this city is one of the cities that experiences the most fires on the island of Kalimantan. Several supporting facilities and infrastructure owned by the Samarinda City Fire and Rescue Department, such as hydrants and fire extinguishing posts, have been increased in number. This research functions to group fire data per year using the k-means clustering algorithm.

Fires can occur unexpectedly, even if you are careful when using equipment that produces fire. However, there are still several sources that cause fires, such as electrical short circuits, gas stoves, burning rubbish, cigarette butts and candles when the lights go out. The aim of this research is to create a tool that can detect fire and temperature in a room and can overcome (minimize) the threat of fire disasters based on a microcontroller and C language. This research uses a Fire Sensor to detect fire, a DHT 11 Sensor to detect room temperature, NODEMCU as microcontroller controlling input and output, Buzzer as a system monitoring tool. The system will be assigned to turn on the extinguishing system that uses a FAN if there is a significant increase in temperature or if the system detects a fire. The output from the Flame Sensor which detects fire will be processed into a microcontroller which has been programmed using C language so that it will produce two states, namely low, namely when no fire is detected, and high when fire is detected. Likewise for the output from DHT11. This tool will give a warning to the buzzer if it detects a fire, and also detects changes in temperature and gives orders to spray the fan if there is a significant change in temperature

Pasiran Village is a peat land area covering an area of 750.00 Ha. With the many negative impacts that will be caused by peatland fires, it is necessary to make preparedness efforts by making several evacuation route signs, fire-prone signs, and also making piezometers as a benchmark for awareness of peat water levels in the area. The method used is descriptive qualitative because it raises from the problems that occur in Pasiran Village, namely related to peatland problems and mitigation efforts. The gathering point area in Sandan Village is in Samikun Hamlet where the area is a fairly large field and is in the middle of residential areas. Burn-prone signs are installed around peatlands located adjacent to the plantations of Pasiran villagers.  The piezometer made is a simple piezometer made from paralon and bamboo pipes. This effort is expected to provide benefits to the entire community of Pasiran Village.