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This study aims to analyze the quality of service in the Culinary Arts Practical Laboratory at SMK Ibu Pertiwi 1 using the Service Quality (Servqual) method. Service quality is an important element in supporting the success of the education process, especially in the Culinary Arts expertise program that requires laboratory facilities as a means of practical learning. The Servqual method is used to evaluate five main dimensions, namely tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy.This study was conducted by collecting data through questionnaires distributed to students as users of laboratory services. Data analysis used a comparison between students' expectations of ideal service quality and their perceptions of the services received. The results of the study showed a gap in several dimensions of service quality, especially in the tangibles dimension which includes the completeness and condition of laboratory facilities. In addition, the responsiveness and reliability dimensions are also of concern because students feel that the response to complaints and service consistency are not optimal.From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the quality of laboratory services needs to be improved to meet student expectations. Recommendations for improvement include improving physical facilities, training for laboratory staff to improve responsiveness and reliability, and strengthening security assurance in the practical learning process. This study contributes to school management in creating a more effective and quality learning environment.

This research is a quantitative research with a quasi-experimental research design. Comparison of the effectiveness between groups of students using the TaRL (Teaching at The Right Level) learning method as a control group and groups of students using the CRT (Culturally Responsive Teaching) learning method as an experimental group on the Mathematics Learning Outcomes of Students IX MIPA 1 and IX MIPA 2 SMAS Mardi Yuana Bogor Regency. The sampling technique was carried out by determining according to the wishes of the researcher, namely students who were already in the class. The instrument used in this study was in the form of a test in the form of pretest and posttest questions to measure student learning outcomes. The instruments tested amounted to 20 questions with an objective or multiple-choice test assessment system which were analyzed using simple regression analysis including the t-test and coefficient of determination. The results of the study showed that there was no significant difference between the group of students using the TARL (teaching at the right level) learning method and the group of students using the CRT (culturally responsive teaching) learning method on mathematics learning outcomes as indicated by t count < t table (1.04 < 2.021) and a significance value of 1.04 > 2.024.

This research aims to compare the role of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah in politics in Indonesia. This study belongs to library study research type of research conducted to write, clarify, and collect data from many reported data sources, both unwritten and written. The data were collected through the so-called literature study. Citing and analyzing data with this documentation technique aims to search, collect, and process data from written documents such as books, journals, and other written sources. The results revealed that NU and Muhammadiyah have depicted their respective roles in politics in Indonesia since their inception. The differences could be seen from several comparisons, such as ideology, background, reasons for formation, and orientation. Moreover, NU and Muhammadiyah have provided a tangible impact on Indonesian society. Subsequently, the differences in ideology have had a different impact in politics.

This article discusses a comparison of the educational systems between Japan and India, two countries with rich and diverse educational traditions. The Japanese education system is known for its systematic and structured approach, emphasizing discipline, hard work and quality-based learning, whereas India has a more heterogeneous system, influenced by broader social and economic diversity. In Japan, primary and secondary education are very important stages, with a focus on moral and academic development. In contrast, India's education system faces major challenges related to infrastructure, access, and inequality between urban and rural areas. This article also reviews recent education policies in both countries, as well as their efforts to reform higher education and align curricula with global needs. Through this analysis, it is hoped that it can provide deeper insight into the strengths and weaknesses of each country's education system, as well as lessons that can be taken to improve the overall quality of education.    

Education is a place where initially people who don't know anything can find out and education is very important for all human beings, both in Indonesia and other countries. Basic education is an important part of the education system. Through basic education, students are provided with scientific concepts, moral cultivation, character formation and other basic knowledge needed in social life. The aim of writing this article is to examine the comparison of Indonesia's basic education system with that of the United States. The research approach used is a literature study by reviewing several previous research studies and by analyzing learning videos in each country that are viewed on YouTube. Data analysis uses qualitative descriptive methods. The results obtained are that there are differences in basic education policies in Indonesia and the United States. These differences can be seen from the curriculum system and structure used. However, both Indonesia and the United States have tried to implement the best basic education system according to the capabilities of their respective countries. Keywords: Education system, United States, Indonesia

When making investment decisions, it is crucial for investors to consider various risks that may arise, both in the short and long term. One method to measure risk is through volatility. Volatility represents a statistical measurement of the degree of price variation over a specific period, expressed as volatility (σ) (Aklimawati & Wahyudi, 2013). This study aims to discuss the pricing of European option contracts using Conditional Monte Carlo simulation and the Black-Scholes method. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from Yahoo Finance. The data consists of quantitative information, namely the monthly closing prices of Toyota Motor Corporation (TM) stock, spanning 5 years from July 1, 2019, to July 1, 2024, yielding 60 data points. In this research, the pricing of European call option contracts was calculated using Conditional Monte Carlo simulation and the Black-Scholes method. The study concludes that European option contract pricing can be determined using two methods: Conditional Monte Carlo simulation and the Black-Scholes method. Conditional Monte Carlo simulation can be employed to calculate European option prices in a structured manner, utilizing stochastic volatility estimated through the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method. The two methods yield differing option prices; Conditional Monte Carlo simulation produces lower option price estimates with relatively lower error values compared to the Black-Scholes method at every strike price. The lower estimates from Conditional Monte Carlo simulation are due to its consideration of stochastic changes in volatility, whereas the Black-Scholes method results in higher prices due to its assumption of constant volatility. The comparison demonstrates that Conditional Monte Carlo simulation provides cheaper price estimates under market conditions with non-constant volatility, despite requiring higher computational time compared to the Black-Scholes method.   ,

This study aims to analyze the comparison between the curriculum of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) and Elementary Schools (SD) in shaping students' religious character. A qualitative approach with a descriptive method was employed to explore in depth the differences and similarities of the two curricula, particularly in the aspects of religious values integrated into the learning process. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and curriculum document analysis from several MIs and SDs in Banjarmasin.The findings reveal that the MI curriculum focuses more on strengthening Islamic education through specialized subjects such as Al-Qur'an, Hadith, Fiqh, and Akhlak, as well as integrating religious values into general subjects. Meanwhile, the SD curriculum positions Islamic education as part of the subject "Religious Education and Character Building," which has a more limited portion compared to MI. However, SD excels in implementing thematic approaches that connect moral values with everyday life contexts.This study concludes that the MI curriculum is more effective in deeply cultivating religious character, while the SD curriculum tends to reinforce moral values within a more universal framework. These findings are expected to serve as an evaluation resource for education policymakers to enhance the integration of religious values holistically in both types of educational institutions.

Character education is an important aspect in forming a generation with integrity and morals. This research aims to analyze the comparison of character education in Japan and Indonesia, including understanding, character education systems, problems and implementation. A qualitative approach using literature study methods was used to explore policies, curricula and character education practices in both countries. The research results show that Japan emphasizes the values ​​of togetherness, discipline and responsibility through integration in daily life at school, while Indonesia focuses more on strengthening religious values, nationalism and morality through special subjects. Differences in cultural context and education systems are the main factors influencing each country's approach. This research is expected to contribute to the development of a more effective character education model in Indonesia by adopting best practices from Japan.

This study aims to see and find out how education in India and its comparison with Indonesian education which includes the education system in India, character and physical education in India and Indonesia, coding learning and its comparison. This comparison provides insight for the improvement of the education system in India and in Indonesia. Basic Education Institutions are responsible for developing and implementing national character education in order to advance the nation's civilization, and produce quality human beings in all dimensions of their personality. Although in general, the educational curriculum in each country has similarities, but specifically each country has a unique difference between the education of one country and another, as well as the comparison of Indonesian and Indian education. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques with literature studies.

Village development is an effort to improve the quality of life and life for the greatest welfare of village communities. Meanwhile, the aim of village development is stated in article 78 paragraph 1, namely improving the welfare of village communities and the quality of human life as well as overcoming poverty through fulfilling basic needs, developing village facilities and infrastructure, developing local economic potential, and using natural resources and the environment in a sustainable manner. As is the case with village development, Watu Wona Village is one with a majority of farmers, which is an example of a road access development plan that really needs assistance from the government in its construction to support the production and sale of agricultural products. Infrastructure is still lacking, damaged infrastructure roads make access to the village difficult. As a result, the flow of goods and services to villages to transport agricultural products is also lacking and hampered. Based on the existing problems, village development planning is needed using a decision support system (SPK) so that village selection in Watu Wona village is faster and more accurate. By using the SAW method comparison

This study discusses the history and education system in Turkey, focusing on the developments and challenges faced. Turkey, as a country located in the Eurasian region, has a centralized education system and is managed according to the provisions set by Mustafa Kamal Ataturk. The purpose of this education system is to produce skilled, productive, and creative individuals in the era of reform. Some important points raised in this study include: Quality of Education, although there are many quality higher education institutions, the global ranking of the Turkish education system still needs to be improved. Improving the quality of teaching and curriculum development are key to facing this challenge. Educational Inequality, there is inequality in access to education, especially in rural areas. Although basic education is mandatory, there are still areas in Turkey that experience limited access to education, which creates a gap between urban and rural areas. Educational Reform, since 2012, the structure of education in Turkey has changed, where students must complete upper secondary education which is now mandatory. Previously, students completed basic education for eight years and secondary education for three years. Comparison with Indonesia, the education system in Turkey has similarities with Indonesia, especially in the use of a modern system in implementing the curriculum in universities. However, Turkey has greater academic autonomy in universities. Investment in Education, Turkey has invested in education through the "2023 Eğitim Vizyonu" program to improve the quality and accessibility of education. However, challenges such as educational inequality still need to be addressed. This study is expected to provide deeper insight into the education system in Turkey and the challenges faced, as well as comparisons with education systems in other countries, especially Indonesia.    

The education systems in China and Indonesia have significant differences, although both aim to create an educated generation. In China, education focuses on the development of technical and academic skills with a highly structured and competitive system, especially through the Gaokao exam that determines students’ academic futures. Meanwhile, Indonesia places more emphasis on cultural diversity and character development, with a more inclusive learning approach based on social values. These differences are clearly reflected in the educational structure, curriculum, teaching methods, and assessment systems, which align with the social and economic needs of each country.

This study aims to determine the Application of Differential Costs in Decision Making to rent or buy fixed assets (musical instruments) in the field of musical instrument rental. This type of research is quantitative research. Data is obtained through primary and secondary data. This research was conducted in 2020 to 2022. Data collection techniques through interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques are carried out by identifying data on interview costs, observations and documentation at the New Arista Orchestra. Based on the results of the analysis, these relevant costs can be used as considerations for the company in making decisions. With the alternative of buying, it will save costs of IDR 76,257,322.93 or 2.7% in making decisions with the alternative of buying or renting heavy equipment, it is better to consider the expenses that will be incurred from the two alternatives with relevant costs so that the decisions taken can benefit the company. The results of the comparison using the differential costs above. it can be concluded that differential cost analysis is very useful for the new Orchestra in making better decisions taken by the orchestra is to buy because it is more profitable than renting musical instruments.

Communication technology is experiencing rapid development. The internet and digital devices are the result of technological developments. With the internet and digital devices, it is possible to carry out various activities, for example pastoral activities such as online fellowhsip. Online fellowship is increasingly developing following technological advances. Online fellowship began to be widely carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this research is to find out more about online fellowship, its comparison with on-site fellowship and the opinions of Christians regarding online fellowship. The results of this research can be used to answer the dilemma of Christians who practice online fellowship.

This research is motivated by damage to hair which causes hair loss. Several Padang State University students experienced abnormal hair loss. The way to treat hair loss is to use shampoo made from flower extract. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of hair loss treatment using cosmetic hibiscus extract shampoo at a frequency of 2 days once and 3 days once used. This research uses pure experimental methods. The sample in this research was 6 cosmetology and beauty students from the class of 2023. Data collection techniques use observation methods, documentation and assessment sheets. The data analysis technique used is the normality test, homogeneity test and independent sample test with SPSS 26. The normality test results show a sig>0.01 value, namely 200, which is normally distributed. In the homogeneity test results, the value of sig>0.01, the Levene statistic result is 1.066, indicating that the results have a homogeneous variance. The results of the independent simple test using spss26 were nil. ai sig >0.01, namely 0.660, shows that there is a comparison between the effect of using shampoo from hibiscus extract in the 2 day 1 treatment with the 3 day 1 treatment. From the results of the effect of using hibiscus extract shampoo, treatment 2 days 1 time is more effective or faster to prevent hair loss.

User satisfaction in a health system is defined as the way the person perceived the service and its judgements about the care received. In Indonesia, health provider who could give dental treatments are Dentist, Dental Specialist, and Dental Co-ass Students under the supervision of Dentist in Charge of Service (DPJP) and under applicable laws and regulations. The objective of this research was to analyze whether there was a significant difference between patient’s satisfaction towards dental and oral treatment by dental co-ass students and dentist practitioner on RSGMP Jendreral Soedirman University, and measured using the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire-18 (PSQ-18) that was modified according to field condition. Hypothesis of this research was there was a significant difference between patient satisfaction who received dental and oral treatment by co-ass students and dentist practitioner on RSGMP Jenderal Soedirman University. Result show that patient received treatment from general dentist showed higher level of satisfaction compared to patient received treatment from dental co-ass. The management of RSGMP Universitas jenderal Soedirman as a service provider needs to evaluate aspects which are still lacking in order to improve the quality of health services. Further research is needed to compare between patient satisfaction at RSGMP Universitas Jenderal Soedirman and patient satisfaction at other hospitals.

This research aims to analyze the comparison of lowland rice harvest costs between traditional methods and the use of combine harvester technology in Padang Siring Village, Seginim District, South Bengkulu Regency. A total of 56 farmers were research respondents, consisting of 28 farmers using combine harvesters and 28 farmers using traditional methods. Primary data was collected through observation and interviews, while secondary data came from related agency documents. The research results show that the average cost of harvesting using traditional methods reaches IDR 2,560,000, while the cost of harvesting using a Combine Harvester is IDR 1,865,000, with a cost difference of IDR 695,000. Combine Harvester provides higher cost efficiency because it only requires IDR 500/kg for production wages and harvest time is shorter, namely one day for one hectare. In contrast, traditional methods require more labor and time, so they are more expensive. Reasons why farmers choose traditional methods include muddy land conditions, narrow rice fields, and inconsistent harvests. This research concludes that the use of a Combine Harvester is more efficient in terms of cost and time, but its implementation is still hampered by land conditions. It is hoped that this study can become a reference in encouraging the adoption of appropriate technology in the agricultural sector to support sustainable food self-sufficiency.

The appointment of Constitutional Court Judges between one country and another certainly has similarities and differences. This is greatly influenced by the history, state system and political situation of a country. Therefore, a problem is formulated regarding the characteristics of the mechanism for appointing constitutional court judges between Indonesia and Thailand. This study aims to determine and analyze the differences in filling constitutional court judge positions between Indonesia and Thailand. The study uses a normative legal method using primary, secondary, and tertiary data because by using this method, this study can produce descriptive data obtained from written words related to the object of the writing. This study also uses a comparative method between Indonesia and Thailand. The results of this study indicate that there are significant differences regarding the mechanism for appointing constitutional judges. Indonesia was proposed by three state institutions with their respective procedures, then Thailand was proposed by the Judicial institution and a special committee was formed to select constitutional judges.    

This research is motivated by the rampant moral decadence that needs attention. Underlining the responsibility of parents and educators in educating children, including the importance of the right method to shape children's faith, morals, knowledge, mentality, and social. Sheikh Nawawi Al Bantani and Abdullah Nashih 'Ulwan were appointed as the main focus because of their influential thoughts in the context of children's education. The purpose of this study is to describe, compare, and analyze the relevance of the thoughts of the two figures regarding children's education in the context of contemporary Islamic education. This study uses a Qualitative Descriptive-Analytical approach with a literature review nature. The data obtained are sourced from primary data as the main reference obtained from a book entitled Tarbiyatul Aulad Fil Islam by Dr. Abdullah Nashih 'Ulwan and the book Tanqih Al-Qaul by Sheikh Nawawi Al-Bantani. While secondary data is obtained from journals, expert books, and previous scientific articles. Descriptive in explaining the arguments and comparison of the two concepts and methods, analysis to describe the contents in depth. In this study it was found that the educational methods proposed by Sheikh Nawawi al-Bantani and Abdullah Nashih have similarities even though the approaches and implementations are different, both discuss Islamic education that prioritizes noble morals which are very relevant considering the contemporary era which is full of moral crises.

This study focuses on examining the comparison between the principles of general criminal law and military law applied in the justice system, through a comparative method with a normative juridical approach used as a comparative identification process of the two legal systems which includes the process of examination, trial, sentencing and consideration of legal principles. The difference in nature between general criminal law and military law is that general criminal law (Commune delicta) which anyone can carry out, is the opposite of Military Law as a special crime (Delicta proparia) which can only be carried out by certain people, in this case by a military man. Based on a literature study to see the principles of implementing the two laws, this study aims to show how the comparison of the two systems is applied, reviewing aspects of Human Rights, Justice and Legal Certainty in the legal justice system in Indonesia.