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This Community Service Program aims to enhance the understanding of parents, Madrasah Tsanawiyah students, and the community of Karangbong Village regarding the history of developmental psychology and major child development theories. The program was initiated due to the community’s limited knowledge of developmental concepts, which affects the quality of parenting practices. Using a descriptive qualitative approach through observation, interviews, educational sessions, and discussions, the program presented essential materials covering the history of developmental psychology, Piaget’s cognitive development theory, Erikson’s psychosocial stages, and Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory. The results indicate a significant improvement in participants’ comprehension of developmental stages and their ability to apply appropriate parenting strategies. The program also reinforced the awareness that child development is a responsibility and divine trust that must be nurtured optimally. Overall, this activity contributes to the development of informed, adaptive, and development-oriented parenting within the community.

This community service activity was conducted to assist banking institutions in the Surabaya region in enhancing the effectiveness of marketing strategies for savings products in order to increase the number of customers. The main problems faced by banks include the relatively low level of public interest in saving and the suboptimal implementation of promotional strategies, particularly in the utilization of digital media. This activity employed a collaborative approach through training, mentoring, and joint evaluation with marketing staff of banks in the Surabaya area. This activity commenced with an observation and interview phase to identify the marketing strategies that had been previously implemented. Subsequently, material delivery, technical assistance, along with an evaluation of promotional effectiveness. The results indicate that participants were able to implement more adaptive marketing strategies by utilizing digital media such as social media, website, and banking applications. The implementation of these strategies was shown to increase public interest in opening saving accounts. Furthermore, this activity contributed to enhancing the capacity of marketing staff to design data-driven strategies and to strengthening public financial literacy regarding saving products.

This community service activity was conducted at Grind Now Coffee Bar, an MSME in Batam City’s food and beverage sector, to address challenges in managing raw material inventory, which often led to inaccurate stock records, shortages, and overstocking, affecting daily operations and efficiency. The program aimed to improve inventory management by applying the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) and Reorder Point (ROP) models, providing a systematic and measurable approach to procurement. Activities included detailed observation of operational practices, interviews with staff to understand current challenges, collection of data on raw material usage and purchasing patterns, and the implementation of a website-based inventory control system to streamline record-keeping and monitoring. The results showed that EOQ and ROP models helped determine optimal order quantities and appropriate reorder timing, while the inventory system improved organization, reduced errors, and enabled real-time stock monitoring. Overall, this intervention enhanced decision-making, promoted operational efficiency, and supported the sustainability and competitiveness of Grind Now Coffee Bar.

Traditional food is a national asset. It not only serves as a source of energy for the community, but also serves as a form of food security, an economic driver, a source of healthy food, and a culture steeped in noble values. The widespread consumption of unhealthy foods by students, especially elementary school students, is one of the reasons for this outreach activity. The health issues surrounding junk food must be addressed by offering healthy alternatives, such as traditional foods. Traditional food is not only related to food, but can also be linked to ethnomathematics, where culture in the form of food is studied from a mathematical perspective. Elementary school students not only consume traditional foods but also interpret these foods in mathematical contexts, such as geometry and numbers. In this way, students will be able to visualize mathematical elements not only when reading math textbooks but also when consuming traditional foods that are part of their daily environment. Despite their traditional nature, students actually enjoy some traditional foods. This is a frequent conflict between the current generation and traditional culture. They better understand how to prepare traditional foods, appreciate the richness of local culture, and develop a love for their culture and homeland.

It is very important to teach young people to become entrepreneurs, especially in rural areas that have local economic potential but have not been properly managed. The purpose of this community service activity is to increase the awareness, knowledge, and entrepreneurial skills of Karang Taruna youth in Sukatani Village, Banyuasin Regency. The community service program was designed using a participatory approach, which included entrepreneurship workshops, digital marketing training, identifying business opportunities based on local resources, and obtaining assistance to develop simple business plans. Interactive lectures, group discussions, practical simulations, and participant comprehension assessments were all methods used to implement the methodology. The results of the activities showed a significant increase in participants' knowledge of basic entrepreneurship concepts. They also became more capable of analyzing and identifying local business opportunities and acquired practical skills to market products through various digital platforms. Participants also showed increased motivation and confidence to start their own businesses. This program demonstrates that entrepreneurship education can help rural youth improve their lives, promote economic independence, and support sustainable local economic growth. It is hoped that these findings will serve as a model for implementing similar programs in other rural areas.

Lovebysisdaisy is a micro, small, and medium enterprise (MSME) producing handmade phone charm accessories and operating as a home-based business with limited digital marketing capabilities. This community service program aimed to strengthen digital marketing through Instagram optimization and the utilization of Shopee as an e-commerce platform. A participatory approach was applied, involving the business owner from problem identification to evaluation. Methods included observation, interviews, and digital documentation, followed by assistance in content development and Shopee store management. The results show that structured Instagram content improved visual consistency and audience engagement, while the establishment of a Shopee store enabled organized product catalogs and initial customer interactions. These outcomes indicate increased digital awareness and readiness of the MSME to implement sustainable online marketing strategies and expand market access.

This study aims to analyze the strategic role of the Information and Documentation Management Officer (PPID) of the General Elections Commission (KPU) of Palangka Raya City in supporting the strengthening of democracy and public participation at the local level. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical design through documentary studies on regulations, internal policies of KPU, PPID service reports, and public information request data, enriched with observations of the information service mechanisms both offline and online. The results show that, normatively and structurally, the PPID of Palangka Raya City KPU has carried out its functions in accordance with the provisions of Law No. 14 of 2008 and KPU Regulation No. 22 of 2023. The information service procedures, response time limits, and the use of the E-PPID system reflect the institutional commitment to the principle of transparency. However, the level of utilization of public information services is still relatively low and dominated by the academic community, particularly students. Additionally, there have been no recorded requests for information from disabled groups, despite the provision of disability-friendly facilities. These findings indicate a gap between administrative information openness and substantive public participation. This study concludes that strengthening the role of PPID in the future should be directed toward public communication strategies, political education, and inclusive approaches so that information openness does not stop at regulatory compliance but can make a tangible contribution to the consolidation of a participatory and just local democracy.

Background: One of the factors that can trigger diabetes mellitus is a diet high in carbohydrates. Therefore, it is important to educate the community to adopt a healthy lifestyle in order to prevent various diseases, particularly diabetes mellitus. Objective: The objective of this health education activity on the prevention and management of diabetes mellitus through the implementation of a healthy lifestyle is to improve the knowledge of families of diabetes mellitus patients regarding prevention and management by applying healthy lifestyle practices. Methods: The activity was carried out for patients and their families using demonstration and discussion methods supported by leaflet media. Results: The counseling activity successfully increased respondents’ knowledge about the importance of preventing and managing diabetes mellitus through the implementation of a healthy lifestyle.Conclusion: Of the four respondents who attended the health education session on the prevention and management of diabetes mellitus through healthy lifestyle implementation, all participants demonstrated an understanding of the importance of adopting a healthy lifestyle for preventing and managing diabetes mellitus.

Processing plastic waste into fuel oil with pyrolysis technology. Research on plastic oil as an alternative fuel has been widely conducted. One of them is research on processing plastic bag waste into fuel oil with pyrolysis technology. In this study, a set of pyrolysis equipment was made by Lecturers and Students of UMNU Kebumen. The plastic waste used in this study was 1 kg of plastic bag. Meanwhile, the pyrolysis process used a temperature of 250oC-300oC. The fuel oil produced in the pyrolysis process of this study was approximately 400 ml. The average density of fuel oil from plastic bag waste was 0.733 gr/ml. The results of this density calculation are in the possibility of the density of gasoline, namely 0.710 gr/ml to 0.770 gr/ml. This pyrolysis process shows great potential for converting plastic waste into an environmentally friendly alternative energy source. Furthermore, the efficiency of this pyrolysis technology can be improved by adjusting the temperature and processing time, as well as by selecting a wider variety of plastic types. This technology has the potential to be applied more widely in plastic waste management within the community as a solution to reduce environmental pollution while generating renewable energy.

This research is motivated by the persistent difficulty elementary school-aged children have in controlling their emotions and behavior in social situations, particularly within the context of church community development. The study aimed to examine the effect of Christian values-based emotion management training on improving children's self-control. The study used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design on 30 children aged 7–12 years at the GPM Wonreli–Kisar Congregation. The intervention was implemented over four days through activities involving emotion recognition, value reflection, emotion regulation training, and social simulations. Data were collected using a self-control scale and analyzed using paired-difference tests and effect size calculations. The results showed a significant increase in self-control scores after the training, with the largest changes in rule compliance and impulse control, and a more moderate increase in resilience to frustration. The effect size indicates a strong practical impact of the changes. These findings indicate that training that integrates social experiences and value reflection can facilitate the shift in behavioral control from external control to internal awareness. Practically, this research provides a basis for developing a community-based child development program that emphasizes not only discipline but also the understanding of values ​​in character formation and self-regulation.

Syncope or fainting is a common clinical problem in children and adolescents, as many as 15% of children experience at least one episode before the end of adolescence. The purpose of this community service is to provide HIPOS (Hydration, Positioning, & Stress Management) Training with the 3E Method (Explain, Example, Experience) on Syncope First Aid Skills given to PMR Members at SMKN 1 Ngasem. The training was carried out for 2 days. The first day consisted of providing training to selected PMR cadres. On the 2nd day, PMR cadres provided training to all PMR members at SMKN 1 Ngasem and also evaluated their ability to perform syncope first aid. The results of the pre-test and post-test showed a significant increase in ability, namely during the pre-test almost all (76.7%) had sufficient ability and after the post-test almost all had good ability (83.3%). It can be concluded that HIPOS (Hydration, Positioning, & Stress Management) training using the 3E method (Explain, Example, Experience) can improve First Aid Skills for Syncope among Red Cross (Red Cross) members at SMKN 1 Ngasem.

Sharia economic education and access to healthcare services are critical components for community empowerment, especially in rural areas like Balapulang Wetan. The Community Service Program (PKM) implemented by STIES Putera Bangsa Tegal in collaboration with Klinik Azzahra integrates sharia economic education with free healthcare services to address the twin challenges of low sharia economic literacy and limited access to quality healthcare. This program employs training and outreach methods alongside provision of basic free health services to the community. Evaluation results indicate increased understanding of sharia economic principles, including zakat, infaq, and financial management, as well as greater utilization of free healthcare services. This holistic approach fosters economic independence and enhances the overall quality of life through improved economic welfare and health. Collaboration among educational institutions, health service providers, and local government forms the foundation for the sustainability and success of this program in creating an inclusive and equitable community empowerment ecosystem.

This study is entitled “The Ecofeminist Movement of Mollo Indigenous Women in Rejecting Marble Mining (study: Rejection of Marble Mining in Fatumnasi Village, South Central Timor Regency)” which aims to understand and analyze the ecofeminist movement carried out by Mollo indigenous women in rejecting marble mining activities in Fatumnasi Village. The presence of marble mining in the Mollo indigenous area has posed a threat to Environmental sustainability, water sources, and cultural values that have long been the identity of the community. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, this study describes the role and form of resistance of Mollo indigenous women based on the ecological relationship between women and nature. Data were obtained through in-diepah interviews, field observations, and documentation of the head of Fatumnasi Village, traditional women’s figures, religious figures, community leaders, and youth leaders. The results of the study indicate that the movement to reject marble mining is not merely a form of protest against environmental damage, but also a form of ecofeminist awareness that emphasizes that women’s bodies and the body of nature are an inseparable whole. This movement is expressed through various acts of resistance such as traditional rituals, weaving, demonstrations, and customary deliberations, each carrying symbolic meaning about the harmony between humans and nature. Based on Françoise d’Eaubonne’s theory of ecofeminism, the Mollo women’s movement reflects critical awareness toward patriarchal and capitalist systems that exploit both women and the environment. Thus, it can be concluded that the ecofeminist movement of Mollo indigenous women in rejecting marble mining is a form of women’s struggle to maintain environmental sustainability and maintain cultural identity through loclah wisdom practices.Ecofeminism, Mollo Indigenous Women, Marble Mining, Fatumnasi Village, Environment

The practice of fishing using bombs (blast fishing) presents a serious threat to marine ecosystems and the sustainability of coastal communities' livelihoods. Law enforcement against these violations faces complex challenges, especially in large areas of water with limited fleet and patrol personnel. Perpetrators who move quickly and change locations, coupled with the lack of reports from the public due to fear or social ties, further complicate enforcement efforts. In addition, access to hidden locations and coordination between law enforcement agencies that are not optimal are also the main obstacles. Global studies confirm that the lack of effective law enforcement and adequate governance is a significant driver of these destructive practices, even beyond socio-economic factors. Therefore, a comprehensive strategy is needed that includes strengthening integrated marine patrols on a regular basis, imposing strict sanctions, increasing socialization of the dangers of fish bombs, and the active involvement of coastal communities as supervisors. A synergistic approach between law enforcement officials and local communities, combining prevention and joint management measures, is key to achieving effective marine conservation and sustainable management of fishery resources.

This study aimed to analyze the implementation of policies prohibiting illegal fishing practices involving the use of explosives, poisons, and electric shock devices in Sanga-Sanga District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. Although regulations and extension activities related to the prohibition have been established, illegal fishing practices continue to occur as of 2025. The findings reveal that some fishermen still use poison and electric shock due to economic reasons and the perception that these methods yield greater catches. However, such actions cause losses to other fishermen by reducing the quality of the catch and damaging the aquatic ecosystem. The community is aware of these violations but is reluctant to report them due to fear of threats from the perpetrators. Efforts by fisheries extension officers to establish community-based surveillance groups (Pokmaswas) have not been optimal due to low public participation. Collaboration between provincial fisheries supervisors and the local marine police (Polairud) has resulted in joint patrols that successfully apprehended two perpetrators of illegal fishing, yet law enforcement has not produced a deterrent effect. Moreover, the program to replace destructive fishing gear with environmentally friendly alternatives for fishermen willing to transition has not been realized due to budget constraints. Based on these findings, it is necessary to strengthen integrated surveillance, provide legal protection for whistleblowers, accelerate the implementation of sustainable fishing gear programs, and enhance public awareness of legal and ecological issues.

This study examines the implementation of the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Regulation Number 7 of 2024 concerning the Management of Lobster, Crab, and Blue Swimming Crab in East Kalimantan. As a strategic policy, the regulation aims to ensure sustainable fisheries management through provisions on minimum catch sizes, restocking mechanisms, traceability systems, and law enforcement against illegal fishing and trade. Using an empirical juridical approach, this research collected primary data through questionnaires distributed to fisheries officers, coastal communities, fishers, and aquaculture business actors in East Kalimantan. The results show that the implementation of Regulation No. 7/2024 is generally categorized as moderately effective, with an average Likert score indicating limited but positive compliance. Respondents acknowledged the importance of sustainability principles embedded in the regulation; however, significant challenges persist, including insufficient formal socialization, weak field monitoring, lack of supporting facilities, and inconsistent coordination among implementing agencies (BARANTIN, PSDKP, and local fisheries officers). Qualitative responses highlight that many stakeholders still lack understanding of technical provisions such as minimum size requirements and restocking obligations. The study concludes that while the regulatory framework is normatively comprehensive and aligned with sustainable fisheries principles, its practical effectiveness remains constrained by institutional and socio-cultural factors. Strengthening community engagement, increasing inter-agency coordination, and enhancing enforcement capacity are crucial to optimizing the policy’s impact on the sustainable management of lobster, crab, and blue swimming crab resources in East Kalimantan.

This study is titled Analysis of the Incumbent's Defeat in the 2024 Regional Head Election in East Flores Regency (A Study of Antonius Hubertus Gege Hadjon's Defeat in East Adonara District), with the aim of analyzing the factors that led to the defeat of incumbent Antonius Hubertus Gege Hadjon in the 2024 Pilkada. This study uses Pierre Bourdieu’s political modality theory, including political, social, economic, and cultural capital. A qualitative approach with a descriptive method is employed, and data is collected through interviews with subjects consisting of the incumbent candidate, a religious leader, a youth leader, a community leader, two party representatives, and the success team. The study focuses on the support base in East Adonara District. The results of the study indicate that the incumbent's defeat was caused by the weakening of political capital, especially due to the vacancy in the regent’s position for two and a half years, which strengthened the opponent's position. This caused stagnation in public services and a decrease in the intensity of local government communication. In addition to these structural factors, weak internal party consolidation and public sentiment about uneven development also contributed to the defeat, indicating the incumbent's failure to manage his political capital amidst the dynamics of governance.

A community service program (PKM) entitled "Skincare Product Dispute Resolution" was successfully implemented in Ngadi Village, Mojo District, Kediri Regency, involving village cadres, youth organizations, and community members, particularly housewives as skincare consumers. This PKM aims to provide solutions to skincare product disputes through five stages: outreach, training, technology implementation, mentoring, and sustainability evaluation. The outreach program began with a presentation on halal skincare products and consumer protection against misleading promotional practices, delivered by speakers from the Sharia Research Group (SReG) and the Non-Governmental Consumer Protection Organization. This program also includes in-kind and in-cash contributions, including training to improve customer service quality, ensure raw material quality standards and production processes comply with international standards, and ensure product information transparency. In addition, a loyalty program and transportation cost incentives were provided to affected consumers. PKM partners played an active role in providing information and inviting the community to participate in this activity. The implementation of this activity is expected to strengthen consumer trust and ensure protection of consumer rights related to skincare products.

International criminal law is a crucial instrument within the international legal system designed to address serious crimes that transcend national jurisdiction, such as genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. International criminal law serves as a means to uphold justice, maintain international order, and prevent impunity for perpetrators of serious crimes that have a broad impact on the global community. This study aims to examine the enforcement of international criminal law in the modern era, emphasizing law enforcement mechanisms and the role of cooperation between states and international institutions. The research method used is normative juridical research, with an approach to relevant laws and regulations, legal doctrine, and court decisions. The results indicate that the effectiveness of international criminal law enforcement still faces various obstacles, primarily stemming from state political interests, weak commitment to international cooperation, and inconsistencies between legal norms and their implementation. The principle of complementarity is a fundamental element of this system, as it positions states as the primary actors in the prosecution process, while international judicial institutions play a complementary role if national mechanisms are ineffective. Furthermore, harmonization of national laws with international criminal law provisions and strengthening cross-border cooperation are determining factors in the success of law enforcement. This study concludes that synergy between states and international institutions, accompanied by strong political commitment, is a key prerequisite for the realization of a just and sustainable international criminal law enforcement system.

Creative writing plays an important role in developing students’ imagination, self- expression, and language competence in the digital era. However, many learners still struggle with generating ideas, maintaining motivation, and gaining confidence in writing. This study aims to analyze how the use of Wattpad, viewed through the Social Constructivist framework, can enhance students’ creative writing skills, motivation, and confidence. This research applies a qualitative descriptive approach supported by survey data from 30 high school students who actively use Wattpad. The results show that 95.7% of respondents have used Wattpad before, with most of them using it to read and learn from other writers. A total of 60.9% of respondents stated that reading other writers’ works was the most helpful for improving their writing, while 17.4% highlighted peer comments and feedback as additional support. Despite its benefits, 43.5% of students mentioned difficulty in organizing ideas as their main challenge. Open-ended responses revealed that positive feedback and community interaction on Wattpad helped increase students’ motivation and confidence in writing. The discussion emphasizes that the social interaction and feedback features of Wattpad foster collaborative learning, aligning with Vygotsky’s concepts of scaffolding and the Zone of Proximal Development. These findings suggest that integrating Wattpad into writing instruction can effectively enhance students’ creativity, critical thinking, and confidence in producing literary works.