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This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of slang usage on the TikTok social media platform as a form of linguistic adaptation in digital communication. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this research examines how users modify language structures to create more effective, expressive, and socially meaningful interactions. Data were collected through participatory observation of content appearing on the For Your Page (FYP) feature and analyzed using textual and contextual methods. The findings reveal that slang formation on TikTok occurs within three main domains: phonological transformation through sound reduction to produce linguistic aesthetics, morphological modification through the creation of efficient acronyms, and cognitive-semantic shifts that redefine the meanings of existing vocabulary. These findings demonstrate that slang is not merely a temporary communication trend, but also functions as an important sociolinguistic instrument for constructing group identity, strengthening emotional connections, and reflecting the cognitive and cultural dynamics of contemporary digital society amid the rapid development of information technology.

The digital era has fundamentally revolutionized human interaction and information processing, particularly for Generation Z as digital natives. This research aims to identify the characteristics of digital information consumed by Generation Z and evaluate their long-term memory (LTM) capacity in the digital age. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with a qualitative approach, 15 relevant studies published between 2021 and 2026 were analyzed from databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The findings indicate that digital information characteristics—which are often "bite-sized," visual, and rapidly consumed—tend to encourage shallow encoding and digital amnesia. However, the study also found a dual impact: while high cognitive load and constant multitasking can hinder memory consolidation, structured digital use and interactive learning modules can significantly enhance memory retention. These results imply that optimal cognitive function in the digital era highly depends on digital literacy and effective information management strategies to balance technological use with natural cognitive sharpness.

This study examines the use of YouTube Streaming in large-class Sunday School as a medium for children’s faith education at Gereja Kalimantan Evangelis (GKE) Nazaret Palangka Raya. The background of this research is the growing integration of digital media into church education, which brings both opportunities and challenges for children’s spiritual formation. The objective of this study is to describe the implementation of YouTube-based Sunday School and to analyze its benefits and challenges related to children’s participation, understanding of faith, and learning concentration. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving Sunday School teachers and parents. The findings indicate that YouTube Streaming helps maintain continuity of faith education and enhances children’s interest through audio-visual content. However, children’s participation tends to be passive, their understanding of faith often remains at a cognitive level, and their learning concentration is relatively limited. The study concludes that YouTube Streaming functions effectively as a supportive medium but cannot replace direct interaction and relational aspects essential in children’s faith education

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has brought significant changes to higher education, particularly in the way students think and learn. AI no longer functions merely as a learning support tool but also influences students’ cognitive processes, including critical thinking, problem-solving abilities, and creativity. This study aims to examine the impact of AI usage on the thinking patterns of university students. The research method employed is a literature review, analyzing various accredited national journals and relevant conference proceedings. The findings indicate that AI offers several positive impacts, such as improving learning efficiency, expanding access to information, and supporting the development of creative ideas. However, excessive reliance on AI may also lead to negative effects, including a decline in critical thinking skills and an increased tendency for students to depend on AI-generated outputs without in-depth analysis. Therefore, the role of educators is crucial in guiding students to use AI wisely and responsibly. AI should be utilized as a supportive tool in the learning process rather than a replacement for human thinking. This study is expected to contribute to the development of effective and ethical strategies for integrating AI in higher education.

Undernutrition among children under five remains a significant public health challenge in Indonesia, including in Ogan Ilir District. This condition can adversely affect growth, cognitive development, and immune function. This study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with undernutrition among children under five in the working area of Seri Tanjung Public Health Center, Ogan Ilir District, in 2025. This was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 95 children under five were selected using cluster sampling. Data were collected through structured interviews using a questionnaire and anthropometric measurements of weight-for-age (W/A), then analyzed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that economic status (p=0.012; OR=3.25; 95%CI=1.29–8.20), environmental sanitation (p=0.021; OR=2.98; 95%CI=1.18–7.53), infectious diseases (p=0.004; OR=3.85; 95%CI=1.55–9.58), and maternal health history (p=0.037; OR=2.67; 95%CI=1.06–6.74) were significantly associated with undernutrition. The strongest influencing factor was infectious diseases. This study recommends strengthening infection prevention efforts, improving environmental sanitation, providing nutrition education for families, and monitoring maternal health during pregnancy to reduce the prevalence of undernutrition among children under five.

Sleep disorders experienced by older people are difficulty falling asleep, maintaining sleep and difficulty returning to sleep after waking up at night, thus affecting sleep quality. One therapy that can improve sleep quality is music therapy. Music therapy is a stimulation that has a slow rhythm, a stable rhythm pattern that stimulates relaxation of the parasympathetic nervous system, thereby creating a relaxed atmosphere that supports increased sleep duration The researcher aims to provide an overview of nursing care for  the elderly with sleep disordes. The design usedin this nursing final scientifik paper ia a case study with clasical musik  therapi intervention. Therer respondent parcipated, and the intervention was conducted from Desember 20-23, art the Bhakti Kasih Siti Anna Pangkalpinang Elderly Home: After Four consecutive days of classical  musik therapi, thr three elderly individuals experienced  changes  in their PSQI scoret at the final meeting: Ms. E’s score increased from 17 to 13, Mrs. A’s ckore decreased from 19 to 12, and Mrs. M’s score decreased from 16 to 13. Classical musik therapi is effective in treating sleep disorders. The implementation of EBP is expected to provide additional information  regarding the provision of musik therapi to elderly individuals experiencing sleep disorders.

History education at the secondary level continues to face challenges in fostering higher order thinking skills, particularly students’ interpretative and critical analytical abilities, which are often constrained by textual and chronological instructional approaches. This study aims to conceptually examine the role of digital storytelling as a pedagogical strategy to strengthen historical interpretation and critical analysis within the frameworks of constructivism, historical thinking, and critical thinking theory. The research employs a qualitative approach based on literature review, utilizing descriptive and thematic analysis of scholarly works and educational policy documents. The findings indicate that digital storytelling promotes active cognitive engagement through processes of source selection, credibility evaluation, evidence based narrative construction, and multiperspective reflection. The production of digital narratives functions not merely as a creative activity but as a cognitive mechanism that trains logical argumentation and validation of historical evidence. Furthermore, the integration of multimedia elements enhances contextual understanding and deepens students’ meaning making of historical events. Nevertheless, its implementation encounters challenges related to teachers’ digital competence, students’ digital literacy readiness, infrastructural limitations, and instructional time allocation. The study implies that digital storytelling holds strategic potential as a pedagogical approach to develop historical thinking competencies in the digital era, provided that it is supported by systematic instructional planning and sustained capacity building in educational institutions.

This is a worrying issue in the digital age and has been shown to significantly contribute to low student academic achievement. This research aims to examine the role of Guidance and Counseling (BK) services in addressing social media addiction in students with low academic achievement. The method used in this research is library research with a qualitative approach through content analysis and literature synthesis techniques sourced from various scientific references published between 2020 and 2025. The results show that students addicted to social media have low self-control, resulting in academic procrastination and a consistent decline in learning achievement. GC services have proven to play a strategic role through preventive, curative, and developmental functions implemented through classical guidance, individual counseling, and group counseling. The Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) approach and self-management technique have proven most effective in helping students reduce social media addiction and improve learning discipline. However, the effectiveness of GC services is still constrained by the non-ideal ratio of counseling teachers, the lack of digital literacy-based GC programs, and students' negative stigma toward counseling services. This study recommends developing GC programs specifically designed to address digital addiction by involving the entire school ecosystem consistently.

The elderly are a vulnerable group to experience decreased physical and cognitive function, such as hypertension and dementia, which can affect their quality of life. The Activity Therapy Program aims to improve the well-being of the elderly through laughter therapy, listening to music, and playing guess the word. The method used is group dynamics, which involves fun activities to stimulate the cognitive and social of the elderly. This activity is expected to increase social interaction, sensory stimulation, and improve the cognitive function of the elderly. The implementation of therapy was carried out involving 60 elderly people, with stages that included orientation, work, and termination. Evaluations showed that 60% of participants actively participated in laughter and guess therapy, as well as being able to express their feelings. This program has shown success in improving the quality of life of the elderly by encouraging them to be more active and social. In conclusion, TAK can be an effective solution to improve the quality of life of the elderly through physical and cognitive stimulation. It is recommended that this program be carried out regularly to maintain the memory and social health of the elderly.

This study examines the integration of Islamic education values in supporting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030. The background of this research is rooted in the increasing global demand for education systems that not only emphasize cognitive competence but also foster moral integrity, social responsibility, and environmental awareness. Islamic education, with its foundational values such as tawhid (divine consciousness), adl (justice), amanah (responsibility), and mizan (balance), offers a holistic framework that aligns with the principles of sustainable development. The objective of this research is to analyze how Islamic educational values can be conceptually and operationally integrated into educational practices to contribute to the SDGs agenda. This study employs a qualitative approach using library research as the primary method, collecting and analyzing relevant academic literature published in recent years. The findings indicate that the integration of Islamic values through contextual learning, reflective discussions, character-building activities, and social engagement initiatives can enhance students’ awareness of global issues, empathy, inclusivity, and ecological responsibility. Although challenges remain in curriculum standardization and character assessment mechanisms, the study concludes that Islamic education has strong potential to function as a transformative educational model. The implications of this research suggest the need for curriculum development, teacher capacity building, and institutional commitment to ensure that Islamic education meaningfully contributes to sustainable global development.

Insomnia is a sleep disorder frequently experienced by college students and can negatively impact health and cognitive function, particularly concentration in studies. Prolonged sleep disturbances lead to fatigue, decreased attention, and decreased academic performance. Therefore, this study is important to determine the relationship between insomnia and concentration levels in college students. This type of research is descriptive quantitative using a cross-sectional approach with 100 respondents. Data collection used a questionnaire. Data analysis test used Spearman Rho. The results of univariate analysis, the most insomnia is mild insomnia as many as 53 students with a percentage (53%). The most students with a moderate level of learning concentration are 67 students with a percentage (67%). The most data respondents with female gender as many as 84 with a percentage (84%). The age of the most respondents is 20 years as many as 57 students with a percentage (57%). The results of bivariate analysis with Spearman rho obtained significant results between insomnia and the level of learning concentration of 0.000, the value is <0.005 with a moderate relationship as evidenced by the r value of 0.469. There is a relationship between insomnia and learning concentration levels.

Dementia is a progressive neurocognitive disorder often accompanied by behavioral and psychological symptoms such as agitation, anxiety, and depression. Pharmacological treatments provide only modest benefits while introducing significant risks, which highlights the need for safer, non-pharmacological alternatives. This literature review examines the role of virtual reality in dementia care, with a focus on its integration with therapies such as music, reminiscence, sensory stimulation, and cognitive training. Evidence from prior research suggests that virtual reality can enhance cognitive functions, reduce symptoms, and improve emotional well-being while also strengthening patient–caregiver interaction. However, challenges related to usability, accessibility, cost, and long-term effectiveness continue to limit adoption. Gaps in research, including limited cultural diversity, inconsistent reporting of intervention design, and a lack of large-scale longitudinal trials, emphasize the need for future work exploring cross-cultural feasibility and AI-driven personalization. Overall, virtual reality represents a promising and evolving non-pharmacological intervention that has the potential to transform dementia care by improving quality of life and reducing reliance on medication.

Schools are formal educational institutions that play a crucial role in transferring knowledge and shaping students' cognitive, psychomotor, and character development systematically and responsibly. While the "school of life" is often defined as a non-formal learning space, formal schools retain a strategic position because they provide a clear ontological, epistemological, and axiological framework, including in the formation of students' character and self-concept. However, the reality on the ground shows that labeling practices are still prevalent in the school environment, both by teachers and fellow students, which negatively impact students' psychological, emotional, social, and self-concept. Negative labels such as stupid, lazy, naughty, or physical and social labels have been shown to cause "invisible wounds" that affect students' self-esteem and functioning in the long term. This study uses qualitative methods through a literature review to examine the phenomenon of labeling and its impact on the formation of students' self-concept within the framework of Christian Character Education. The results of the study indicate that Christian Character Education, which is based on the values ​​of love, acceptance, and respect for human dignity as God's creation, has a strategic role in restoring the self-concept of students affected by labeling. Christian character education not only instills moral and ethical values, but also builds students' inner and spiritual resilience so that they are able to interpret themselves positively, regardless of the negative labels they receive.

This study investigates the role of local language integration as a pedagogical strategy in strengthening academic literacy and shaping students’ identities in multilingual higher education contexts. The study is grounded in the sociolinguistic reality that many students continue to use local languages in their daily lives, while academic learning predominantly relies on formal Indonesian, which is often abstract and normative. Using a qualitative case study design, data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews with lecturers and students, and document analysis. The findings reveal that local language integration functions as a cognitive, affective, and cultural bridge in academic learning. Local languages are employed as a medium for initial meaning-making, conceptual discussion, and cultural reflection before students develop ideas in academic Indonesian. This practice enhances student participation, strengthens academic literacy, and reinforces local identity within academic spaces. The study concludes that local languages are not obstacles but valuable pedagogical resources. Therefore, their integration should be systematically incorporated into higher education curricula to promote inclusive, contextual, and linguistically just learning environments.

Students in multilingual higher education contexts often face linguistic and identity challenges when engaging with formal and normative academic Indonesian. In such settings, translanguaging emerges as a natural and strategic practice that allows students to draw on their full linguistic repertoires, including local languages, to construct meaning and negotiate academic understanding. This study aims to examine students’ translanguaging practices and their contribution to the formation of academic identity in Indonesian language learning at the university level. Employing a qualitative case study design, data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews with students and lecturers, and document analysis of learning materials and students’ academic assignments. The findings reveal that translanguaging functions as both a cognitive and affective strategy that facilitates conceptual understanding, enhances participation, and strengthens students’ academic confidence. Moreover, translanguaging plays a crucial role in shaping an inclusive and hybrid academic identity, positioning local languages as legitimate pedagogical resources rather than obstacles. These findings highlight the need to recognize translanguaging within language policy and curriculum design to support equitable and context-sensitive academic learning in multilingual higher education.

This study investigates code-switching strategies between Indonesian and the Maumere local language in academic Indonesian language learning at the university level. In many higher education contexts, the dominance of standard Indonesian as the sole medium of instruction often creates cognitive, linguistic, and cultural distance for students who come from strong local language backgrounds. This qualitative study aims to describe the forms, pedagogical functions, and academic implications of Maumere–Indonesian code-switching in classroom interaction. Employing a case study design, data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews with lecturers and students, and analysis of learning documents. The findings reveal that code-switching occurs systematically at the opening of lessons, during the explanation of abstract concepts, and in small-group discussions. The Maumere language functions as a cognitive and affective bridge that facilitates comprehension, increases student participation, and strengthens academic literacy. The study concludes that pedagogically controlled code-switching supports additive bilingualism and contributes positively to inclusive, contextual, and culturally responsive academic learning in multilingual higher education settings.

Contemporary Islamic education faces a crisis of value transformation, where cognitive literacy achievements do not correspond proportionally to the quality of moral conduct (adab) and spiritual internalization. This study aims to examine this failure through a critical review of Prophetic Hadith on the phenomenon of literacy without faith. Employing a qualitative descriptive method based on library research, it analyzes relevant Hadith literature, books, and journals. The findings reveal that modern educational practices tend to reverse the learning sequence by prioritizing textual mastery before instilling the foundations of faith. This indicates that curricular formalism may impede the inner transformation of learners. The novelty of this research lies in its methodological critique of educational orientations that place text above faith. The study concludes that restoring the Prophetic method, guided by the principle of "learning faith before the Qur'an," is essential so that faith serves as the existential foundation for building robust, civilized, and functional religious character in real-life contexts.

Personal hygiene is an essential factor in maintaining the health and quality of life of the elderly, as aging is often accompanied by a decline in physical strength, mobility, and cognitive function that can reduce the ability to maintain personal cleanliness independently. Limited understanding of the importance of personal hygiene may increase the risk of infections, skin disorders, and other health complications, making education and awareness crucial for promoting better hygiene behavior. This study used a descriptive correlational design with a cross-sectional approach involving 204 elderly individuals residing at the Pucang Gading Elderly Social Service Home in Semarang and Wening Wardoyo Ungaran, with 135 respondents selected using a non-probability sampling technique. Data were collected using validated and reliable questionnaires measuring the level of understanding and personal hygiene practices and were analyzed using the Somers’d statistical test. The results showed that most respondents were female (60%) and aged between 70–79 years (48.9%). The level of understanding of personal hygiene among the elderly was predominantly in the moderate category (72.6%), and their personal hygiene practices were also mostly categorized as moderate (72.6%). Statistical analysis revealed a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05) with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.472, indicating a positive and significant relationship between the level of understanding and personal hygiene practices. These findings suggest that improving knowledge through continuous education and guidance from health workers is necessary to enhance awareness, independence, and hygiene behavior among the elderly.

College represents a critical transitional period requiring high adaptation, where students often face escalating academic demands triggering psychological pressure. This study aims to deeply analyze the reciprocal relationship between sleep patterns and academic stress levels, and identify their subsequent impacts on cognitive function (concentration) and students' physical health. This study employs a qualitative method with a Systematic Literature Review approach. Data were collected through comprehensive searches of accredited national and reputable international scientific articles published within the last five years (2020–2025). Literature selection was conducted rigorously using specific keywords to screen empirical studies relevant to stress, sleep, and student health variables. Data synthesis reveals a strong and consistent negative correlation. High levels of academic stress whether stemming from the adaptation phase of new students (initiation), thesis preparation workload, or role conflicts in working students are significantly associated with decreased sleep quality. Physiologically, stress triggers increased cortisol levels causing insomnia, shortened sleep duration, and prolonged sleep latency. Subsequent impacts are proven to drastically reduce learning concentration and trigger physical health disorders, including an increased risk of primary dysmenorrhea in female students. This study concludes that academic stress and sleep disturbances form a destructive cycle that exacerbates one another. Therefore, holistic institutional interventions in the form of sleep hygiene education and stress management training are needed to break this chain for the sake of student well-being and academic performance.

The hyper-connected work era has fundamentally blurred the temporal and psychological boundaries between professional and personal spheres, triggering a productivity paradox phenomenon where increased digital connectivity is inversely proportional to long-term cognitive efficiency. Consequently, this research aims to explore deeply and comprehensively the critical roles of cognitive resilience and digital wellbeing strategies as vital preventive mechanisms against the rising risk of burnout resulting from cumulative cognitive fatigue. Employing a qualitative approach with a rigorous literature review design, this study synthesizes extensive secondary literature retrieved from accredited academic databases and global policy reports within the last five years to analyze current trends and theoretical frameworks. The in-depth analysis reveals that cognitive resilience, significantly bolstered by metacognitive digital literacy, functions as an adaptive shield against the mounting pressures of information overload and attention fragmentation. Furthermore, the findings emphatically confirm that sustainable productivity is not achieved through borderless connectivity, but rather necessitates disciplined cognitive energy management and the strict implementation of "right to disconnect" protocols. Concluding the study, it is strongly recommended that organizations integrate comprehensive digital wellbeing policies into their work culture architecture to safeguard long-term employee performance and ensure organizational sustainability amidst the challenges of the attention economy.