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This article analyzes the depiction of Jesus Christ from various scriptural perspectives and examines the impact of the diversity of Christological experiences on Christian faith. Research shows that the Bible presents a varied picture of Jesus: Mark's Gospel presents Him as the Suffering but Powerful Servant; Matthew as the Messianic King and Great Teacher; John as the eternal Logos (Word); and Revelation depicts Him through symbols of glory as King, Judge, and Redeemer. The diversity of Christological experiences produces positive impacts in the form of deeper understanding, theological enrichment, and facilitation of interfaith dialogue. However, this diversity also has the potential to cause misunderstandings, theological conflicts, and identity crises if not properly understood. This article also explores how cultural and historical backgrounds significantly influence interpretations of Jesus, from the first-century Jewish context to contemporary interpretations in various global cultural contexts. In conclusion, although understandings of Jesus continue to evolve according to context, it is important for people to maintain their theological identity while remaining open to various enriching perspectives.

The increasing prevalence of occult practices within Indonesian society, including among church congregations, from a biblical theological perspective. The study employs a qualitative method, analyzing both Old and New Testament scriptures and conducting interviews with church members and leaders. Findings reveal that occultism-defined as beliefs and practices related to supernatural powers-has existed since ancient times and continues to evolve in modern society. The Bible strictly prohibits all forms of occultism, considering them abominations before God and detrimental to spiritual life. Involvement in occult practices leads to spiritual decline, disrupted relationships with God, and various spiritual and social problems. This article highlights the crucial role of the church in providing sound theological understanding and practical solutions to protect congregations from the influence of occultism.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Bible study worship in shaping Christian character among Naposo Bulung (church youth) at HKI Resort Khusus Sidikalang Kota. Field observations revealed that many youth were not fully engaged in worship activities, often distracted by mobile phones, chatting during services, and showing a lack of appreciation for spiritual advice. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method using observation and interviews with active participants of Bible study worship. The results show that Bible study worship significantly contributes to enhancing worship discipline, deepening theological understanding, and developing Christian values such as love, forgiveness, humility, and spiritual responsibility. Despite challenges such as busy schedules and digital distractions, a contextual approach to Bible study effectively addresses both the spiritual and social needs of Naposo Bulung. Therefore, Bible study worship proves to be an effective means of holistic character formation for the church's younger generation—spiritually, morally, and socially. This activity should continue to be developed and adapted to contemporary contexts so that the church can shape resilient young people in faith and Christian character.

This article explores the challenges and opportunities faced by the authority of the Bible in the context of postmodern culture. Postmodernism—characterized by truth relativism, the deconstruction of meaning, and skepticism toward institutions—has significantly shifted society’s perception of authoritative texts, including Scripture. Drawing on key thinkers such as Lyotard, Derrida, Vanhoozer, and Grenz, the study examines how biblical authority is no longer universally accepted but interpreted through the lens of individual subjectivity and personal experience. In response to this shift, the article proposes several constructive hermeneutical approaches—contextual, narrative, communal, and pneumatological—that allow Christians to remain faithful to divine revelation while addressing the needs of contemporary culture. It also emphasizes the importance of embodied witness and the role of the church as a community of interpretation that brings the authority of the Bible to life in practical, relational, and socially relevant ways. Ultimately, this study concludes that although postmodernism questions claims of absolute truth, it also provides a meaningful space for the church to reimagine how Scripture can be lived out and communicated effectively in a changing world.

This article looks at how the church and the Bible have developed in the past as important factors influencing Christian communities' faith and spiritual practices. Since its beginning, the church has been the main institution for spreading the teachings of Christ, and the Bible has served as the foundational source of spiritual authority. The church has also grown from the early days of Christianity to the Reformation and up to today. Through a historical-theological approach, this article aims to provide a deeper understanding of the role of the church and the Bible in building faith and strengthening the spiritual practices of Christians. Through a historical-theological approach, this article aims to provide a deeper understanding of the role of the church and the Bible in building faith and strengthening the spiritual practices of Christians.

This research analyzes the phenomenon of abortion in the context of modernization, emphasizing the Biblical perspective. Through a literature review and analysis of relevant Bible verses, this research aims to understand the Bible's view on abortion and its implications in an increasingly plural and complex modern society. This study will also explore how Biblical values ​​can provide an ethical basis for dealing with moral dilemmas related to abortion

This article discusses the theological understanding of the gifts of the Holy Spirit in 1 Corinthians 12:4-11, and its impact on the life of faith of Christians. The Apostle Paul emphasized the diversity of the gifts of the Holy Spirit given to every believer to build the body of Christ, namely the church. Although there are many different gifts, all come from one source, namely the Holy Spirit, and are intended for the common good. The theological view of Randy Frank Rouw highlights the important role of the Holy Spirit in the missionary service of the church, which enables people to sincerely accept Jesus and live His truth. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method to examine the understanding of the gifts of the Holy Spirit and its relevance in the context of the contemporary church. Data were obtained through a literature study with content analysis using the hermeneutic method, which provides an in-depth understanding of the meaning of these gifts in the historical and cultural context of the Corinthian congregation. The study also discusses how the modern church can apply these gifts wisely, considering the challenges faced by the contemporary church, such as differences in theological views and individualism. The results of the study emphasize the importance of a correct understanding of the gifts of the Holy Spirit in the life of the church today, with the aim of introducing Jesus Christ to the world and glorifying God. The diversity of gifts must be appreciated in the unity of the body of Christ, and each congregation is expected to use these gifts in love, complementing each other, and supporting the development of the church and society. This approach aims to provide practical guidance for the church in implementing the biblical teachings on the gifts of the Holy Spirit.

The Bible, God's word, is a major doctrine in the Christian faith. When reading the Bible you must submit to the system of understanding the Bible, reading the Bible then criticizing the Bible is the wrong system or method. Biblical criticism, both textual criticism and historical criticism, began to develop specifically during the enlightenment era. The author provides descriptive research methods and provides an explanation that the Bible has innerancy properties, and is a revelation from God, as well as exegetical studies of the Old and New Testaments provide authentic evidence.    

This study aims to understand and analyze the doctrine of the Bible as the foundation of Christian faith. The Bible plays a central role in various aspects of spiritual and ethical life for Christians. In the context of systematic theology, the doctrine of the Bible provides deep insights into the structure, authorship, and inspiration of this sacred text. This article examines several key issues, including the understanding of the doctrine of the Bible, the division of the books, the Bible’s authors, and the benefits and relevance of the Bible in spiritual life. Through an analytical approach to the doctrine of the Bible, this study seeks to elaborate on the role of sacred scripture in sustaining Christian faith amidst widespread false teachings and modern challenges.

Biblical doctrine is the theological foundation of the Christian faith. This research uses a library study method by reviewing various theological literature and the Bible as the main source. Biblical doctrine includes the concepts of the sufficiency, inspiration, and canonization of the Bible. Biblical sufficiency states that the Bible provides everything necessary for Christian faith and life, while biblical inspiration asserts that Biblical texts were inspired by the Holy Spirit. Bible canonization describes the process by which the books of the Bible are recognized as the authoritative Word of God. This research aims to strengthen understanding of Bible doctrine and emphasize the importance of returning to the Bible as the main source in Christian life.

Biblical doctrine is the theological foundation of the Christian faith. This research uses a library study method by reviewing various theological literature and the Bible as the main source. Biblical doctrine includes the concepts of the sufficiency, inspiration, and canonization of the Bible. Biblical sufficiency states that the Bible provides everything necessary for Christian faith and life, while biblical inspiration asserts that Biblical texts were inspired by the Holy Spirit. Bible canonization describes the process by which the books of the Bible are recognized as the authoritative Word of God. This research aims to strengthen understanding of Bible doctrine and emphasize the importance of returning to the Bible as the main source in Christian life.

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the factors that influence the low attendance of young people in attending Bible study services (PA) at GKPPD Mungkur, Siempat Rube District, Pakpak Bharat Regency. The research method used is qualitative research. The informant determination technique is data collection with certain considerations. The considerations in question are people who can provide information as expected by the researcher based on certain criteria that are in accordance with the research topic, in this case the researcher interviewed 12 young people from GKPPD Mungkur, Siempat Rube District. The data collection technique for this study is to use interviews and documentation in the form of images. Based on the results of the research that has been conducted, the author found that young people from GKPPD Mungkur still lack commitment to attending Bible study services, they still need support and encouragement and even good guidance from outside (external) in increasing their attendance at Bible study services. There are two internal factors (from within) and external factors (from outside) of the youth themselves. Internal factors include being busy (75%), waiting for friends' invitations (58%), not being confident/difficult to socialize (introvert) (0.8%), and also boredom/saturation (16%). External factors include distance (25%), family busyness (16%), leader/servant (51%), Science, Technology and Socialization (0.8%), not being on time (25%), and the last is because of less creative worship (16%). Based on the research results obtained by the researcher, it can be concluded that the most dominant factor that causes young people in GKPPD Mungkur to rarely attend Bible Study Services (PA) is due to busyness

Gerakan Oikumene atau ekumenisme memiliki peranan penting dalam upaya menyatukan berbagai denominasi gereja Kristen, terutama dalam konteks pemahaman Alkitab. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana konsep Oikumene dipahami dan diimplementasikan berdasarkan ajaran Alkitab, serta dampaknya terhadap kesatuan umat Kristiani. Metode yang digunakan adalah literature review, yang melibatkan pengumpulan dan analisis berbagai sumber literatur terkait Oikumene, ekumenisme, dan pemahaman Alkitab tentang kesatuan gereja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Oikumene tidak hanya fokus pada kesatuan doktrin, tetapi juga menekankan nilai-nilai moderasi beragama yang berlandaskan pada kasih dan penghormatan terhadap perbedaan. Dialog ekumenis yang konstruktif dan kerja sama lintas denominasi menjadi kunci dalam mengatasi perpecahan dan memperkuat persatuan gereja. Selain itu, implementasi Oikumene di lingkungan pendidikan tinggi, seperti STAKPN Sentani, terbukti efektif dalam menciptakan harmonisasi dan kebersamaan di antara mahasiswa dari berbagai latar belakang gereja. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa Oikumene dalam pemahaman Alkitab dapat menjadi sarana efektif untuk mewujudkan kesatuan gereja yang harmonis dan inklusif, sekaligus memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap perdamaian dan keharmonisan masyarakat luas.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the implementation of this Bible study has a positive and significant influence on the morals of the young men and women of GKPI Simpang Tiga Bahalimbalo, Paranginan Resort in 2022. The method used in this study is a quantitative research method. The population in this study were all young men and women at GKPI Simpang Tiga Bahalimbalo, Paranginan Resort in 2022 with a total of 52 people. Data were collected with a closed questionnaire of 30 items. The results of the data analysis show that there is an influence of the application of Bible study (PA) on the morals of young men and women at the GKPI Simpang Tiga Bahalimbalo Resort Paranginan in 2022: 1) Analysis requirements test: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy value = 0.563> rtable ( = 0.05, n = 52) = 0.297 thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variable X and variable Y. b) Significant relationship test obtained tcount value = 4.819> ttable ( = 0.05, dk = n-2 = 50) = 2.000 thus there is a significant relationship between variable X and variable Y. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained regression equation Y ̂="22.53" + 0.53X. b) Regression determination coefficient test (r2) = 31.7%. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.    

The aim of this research is to determine interest in reading and writing in young children through reading the Holy Bible. This research uses a library research method (Library Research) which aims to determine the influence of reading the Holy Bible in early childhood on interest in reading. The important role of parents in forming the foundation of spiritual knowledge. The family is a place where children experience mental, physical, emotional and social growth. A Christian family is a family that makes Christ the foundation and strong foundation of its family.

The Welhausen group teaches that eschatology is a concept that first appeared before the current post-exilic era. Many Bible scholars admit that the concept of God is closely related to the history of the salvation of the Israelites and gives them eschatological hope. The vision of eschatology in the Old Testament is a unique phenomenon that occurred in the Israeli nation and is not found outside of Israel because eschatology did not appear in religious communities that doubted God's guidance. Eschatology is the religious belief of the Israeli people which grew from their faith in God who provided salvation for their people

Living a Christ-based love is a significant challenge in a contemporary era filled with pressures from popular culture and social media influences. This article presents a biblical guide to finding a life partner with strong Christian principles as the foundation. A library study approach is used to scrutinize relevant theological and psychological literature, which provides insight into the biblical principles of love and their application in the modern-day context. Analysis of the literature shows that living a Christ-based love involves being faithful to values such as unconditional love, sacrifice, and commitment to God and each other. However, great challenges arise in maintaining faithfulness to these values amidst cultural influences that call for perfection and self-gratification. In response to these challenges, the practical guidelines resulting from this study emphasize the importance of corporate prayer, shared Bible reading, and openness to receiving the guidance of the Holy Spirit. These steps help couples to strengthen their relationship in Christ, overcome the obstacles they face, and live a love based on the love of Christ with confidence and sincerity.

Living a Christ-based love is a significant challenge in a contemporary era filled with pressures from popular culture and social media influences. This article presents a biblical guide to finding a life partner with strong Christian principles as the foundation. A library study approach is used to scrutinize relevant theological and psychological literature, which provides insight into the biblical principles of love and their application in the modern-day context. Analysis of the literature shows that living a Christ-based love involves being faithful to values such as unconditional love, sacrifice, and commitment to God and each other. However, great challenges arise in maintaining faithfulness to these values amidst cultural influences that call for perfection and self-gratification. In response to these challenges, the practical guidelines resulting from this study emphasize the importance of corporate prayer, shared Bible reading, and openness to receiving the guidance of the Holy Spirit. These steps help couples to strengthen their relationship in Christ, overcome the obstacles they face, and live a love based on the love of Christ with confidence and sincerity.

Life change is an inevitable process in every individual's journey. This paper explores how the principles of spirituality and biblical teachings can provide guidance and meaning in experiencing positive and meaningful life change. Spirituality is viewed as a search for a higher purpose in life, both from a philosophical and Christian religious perspective. The Bible contains many narratives of characters who underwent significant life transformations, such as Paul and Mary Magdalene. Biblical teachings emphasize principles such as repentance, renewing of the mind, living in the Spirit, and sanctification to achieve true life transformation. Philosophy also offers interpretations that enrich the understanding of spirituality and life change, such as the concept of self-denial, achieving higher consciousness, and the pursuit of a more noble life purpose. To experience positive life change, steps such as self-evaluation, goal setting, action planning, self-discipline, and support from a faith community are necessary. The faith community plays a crucial role in providing moral support, accountability, role models, guidance, and resources for its members going through the process of life transformation.

The purpose of this research is to 1) find out whether there is a relationship between the Spirituality of PAK Teachers and the Christian Character Formation of Teb State Middle School Students, 2) find out whether there is a relationship between Bible Study and the Christian Character Formation of Tebo State Middle School Students, 3) to find out whether there is a relationship between the Spirituality of PAK Teachers and Bible Study on the Formation of the Christian Character of Shiva SMP N Tebo. The research hypothesis is: "There is a significant relationship between PAK Teacher Spirituality and Bible Study on the Formation of Christian Character of N Tebo Middle School Students." The population is students of class VIII and IX of SMP N 3 Tebo, SMP N 30 Tebo, SMP N 31 Tebo totaling 290 people who are Christians. The research sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique, namely 36 students from class VIII and IX of SMP N Tebo as an experimental class using Religious Education and Bible Study Teacher Spirituality and 36 students from class XI MIPA 3 as a control class using normal treatment (conventional class). The instrument used in this research was a 50-item questionnaire. Research data for the questionnaire was analyzed using the average difference test formula (N-Gain Score). It was found that the average value for the experimental class was 82.4369 in the effective category. And the average value for the control class is 22.9433, which is in the ineffective category. Then carrying out an independent test using the t test obtained a value of t = 20.376> t table (α = 0.05; df = 70) = 2,000. Thus, it can be concluded that the research hypothesis is accepted, namely that there is a relationship between the Spirituality of Religious Education Teachers and Bible Study on the Formation of Christian Character in N Tebo Middle School Students, and H0 is rejected.