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This study examines the effects of institutional ownership structures, managerial ownership structures, public ownership structures, growth opportunities,debt convenant (leverage), tax and political costs, litigation risk to accounting conservatism. The research was conducted at the Indonesian Stock Exchange by using a go public manufacturing company as the unit of analysis. The sampling method used purposive sampling with the observation period from 2014-2016. Relationship and between variable is described by using multiple regression analysis. The results showes that the institutional ownership structures had no significant effect on accounting conservatism,managerial ownership structures had no significant effect on accounting conservatism, public ownership structures had no significant effect on accounting conservatism, growth opportunities has negative no significant effect on accounting conservatism, Debt Convenant (leverage) has negative effect on accounting conservatism, tax and political costs has positive effect on accounting Conservatism, litigation risk has negative effect on accounting conservatism  Keyword: institutional ownership structures, managerial ownership structures, public ownership structures, growth opportunities,debt convenant (leverage), tax and political costs, litigation risk and accounting conservatism.

This study aims to examine the effect of the level of financial distress,corporate governance mechanisms and the quality of public accounting firmsto accounting conservatism. Accounting conservatism is the dependentvariable in this study is measured by the size of the accrual. Independentvariables measured include levels of financial distress, managerialownership,institutional ownership, the proportion of independent board,board size, audit committees, the number of partners who have permissionaccountants and public accounting firms size. The control variables in thisstudy are firm size and leverage.The populationof thisresearchis a property companylistedinIndonesiaStock Exchange (IDX) in 2009 to 2011. The total study sample was 31companies determined through purposive sampling. Useful analysis of data isdone with the classical assumption and hypothesis testing with multiplelinear regression method. The results of this study indicate that board sizeand firm size control variable positive influence on conservatism.Institutional ownership, audit committees and the quality of the publicaccounting firm based partner who has a negative effect on accountantlicense conservatism. For the level of financial difficulty, managerialownership, the proportion of independent board, the size of the firm and thecontrol variables do not leverage positive influence on conservatism.

This study aims to provide empirical evidence regarding the effect ofmanagerial ownership, institutional ownership, leverage and financialdistress to accounting conservatism. Based on the test results show thatmanagerial ownership negatively affects conservatism. This shows thatthe managerial ownership of companies in Indonesia is still low,although the company will be more conservative because managers aremore conservative in maintaining investor confidence. Whileinstitutional ownership in manufacturing companies in Indonesia ishigh does not affect accounting conservatism, this is becauseinstitutional shares are not able to interfere with managers, so theinstitution has not been able to supervise the behavior of managersconservatism.