Publication Search

Smoking behavior among adolescents is a serious and growing public health problem. Data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI) shows that 7.4% of adolescents aged 10–18 years smoke. This literature review aims to determine the determinants of smoking behavior among adolescents based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) theory, with a focus on components such as perceived vulnerability, perceived seriousness, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. Using a literature review approach, this study identified and analyzed several academic references such as journals, books, encyclopedias, and others that discuss topics related to the determinants that influence smoking behavior among adolescents based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). The analysis conducted indicates that there is a relationship between perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived self-efficacy, cues to action, and smoking behavior among adolescents. The conclusion of this study shows that in 9 studies that applied the Health Belief Model (HBM) theory in examining smoking behavior in adolescents, all major components of HBM were proven to have a significant relationship with this behavior. This study provides an important theoretical basis for the development of effective and sustainable health promotion programs in controlling smoking behavior among adolescents.

Introduction: Dental and oral health problems in school-age children are still a major public health concern. The Little Doctor Program is a school-based health promotion approach that involves the active role of students as agents of change. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Small Doctors in promoting dental health in elementary schools. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a one group pretest–posttest approach. The subjects of the study were elementary school students who participated in dental health promotion activities by Small Doctors. Interventions include counseling, demonstrations of proper brushing of teeth, and the use of educational media. Data were collected using a questionnaire of dental health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors before and after the intervention. Data analysis was carried out using the paired t-test or Wilcoxon test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: There was a significant improvement in students' dental health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors after the intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The Small Doctor Program is effective as a strategy for promoting dental health in elementary schools and has the potential to support promotional and preventive efforts for children's dental health.

Balance disorders are among the most common functional problems experienced by older adults and significantly increase the risk of falls, disability, and reduced quality of life. Early screening and health promotion efforts are essential in preventing these complications. This community service program aimed to introduce and implement the Fukuda Stepping Test as a simple, low-cost, and effective method for promotive and preventive assessment of balance impairment among elderly individuals in the community. The activity involved health education on balance maintenance, demonstration of the test procedure, and direct assessment of participants, followed by individualized feedback and recommendations for balance exercises. The results showed that the Fukuda Stepping Test was well-received, easy to perform, and successfully identified elderly individuals with potential vestibular asymmetry or dynamic balance deficits. Furthermore, the program increased participants’ awareness regarding fall prevention and encouraged adoption of regular balance training. This initiative highlights the importance of accessible physiotherapy-based screening tools in community settings and underscores the role of physiotherapists in promoting healthy aging and reducing fall risk among older adults.

Infancy is a crucial golden period for determining the quality of a child's future growth and development. Infant massage has long been recognized for its numerous benefits for infant growth and development. Various studies have shown that infant massage can increase weight gain, improve sleep quality, strengthen the immune system, and aid digestion. Many parents still lack understanding of infant massage. Some assume that infant massage is only performed on sick babies and is performed by traditional healers or medical personnel skilled in infant massage. The purpose of this community service is to increase mothers' knowledge about infant massage through outreach. The target audience was 22 mothers with babies in Gampong Barat, Nisam District, North Aceh Regency. The implementation method used was lectures, discussions, and demonstrations. The results showed that the majority of mothers' knowledge was in the good category after the outreach. This was due to the mothers' enthusiasm in participating in the outreach. Outreach is an effective method for increasing knowledge. Mothers are expected to continue to improve their knowledge about infant massage by increasing their interest in seeking information, whether through reading books, the media, or other sources.

Social media has become an integral part of adolescents' lives, offering quick access to information, including reproductive health information. However, exposure to inaccurate information can pose risks. This study aims to analyze the relationship between social media use and adolescent reproductive health knowledge and behavior. A quantitative research method with a cross-sectional approach and chi-square test was used to examine the relationship between the independent variable (social media use) and the dependent variable (reproductive health knowledge and behavior). The study population was all 10th grade students (23 students) and 11th grade students (30 students) at SMK Tamansiswa Boja Kendal. A sample of 53 respondents was taken using an accidental sampling technique, consisting of students who happened to be present and willing to participate during the study. The results showed that the majority of respondents (56.6%) had low social media usage intensity. The majority of respondents also had a high level of knowledge (75.5%) about reproductive health, with an average score of 8.13 and a median of 10. Most respondents (66.0%) demonstrated positive reproductive health behavior. However, the chi-square test results showed no significant relationship between social media use and levels of knowledge (p = 0.673) or reproductive health behavior (p = 0.495). Although social media did not show a significant direct relationship to adolescent reproductive health knowledge and behavior in the context of this study, the high levels of knowledge and positive behaviors found indicate that existing educational programs, both in schools and from other sources, have been effective. Further research with larger samples and wider geographic variation is needed to understand other factors that influence adolescent health behavior.

Hand Washing with Soap (CTPS) is a hygienic behavior that plays an important role in preventing the spread of infectious diseases, especially in children. However, in reality, this behavior is still not optimally implemented by elementary school students. One approach that can be used to increase awareness and hygienic behavior is through health promotion media that is interesting and appropriate for the child's age, such as comic media. This study aims to determine the influence of comics as a health promotion medium on improving knowledge, attitudes, and actions of CTPS in students at SD Negeri 149 Palembang. This study applied a pre-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest design approach involving 90 students of class V. Data were collected through questionnaires to measure knowledge and attitudes and observation sheets to assess actions. Data analysis was carried out using the Paired Sample T-Test to determine the differences before and after the intervention. The results showed a significant increase in the three variables, namely the average knowledge score increased from 3.38 to 5.34, attitude from 20.37 to 30.80, and action from 37.22 to 67.21 after being given comic media. Statistical tests showed a p-value of < 0.001 on all variables, which means there was a significant effect after the intervention. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the use of comic media as a health promotion tool has proven to be effective in increasing knowledge, forming positive attitudes, and encouraging better CTPS actions in elementary school students. This study recommends the use of educational and fun visual media as part of health promotion strategies in the school environment.

The application of proper cough etiquette is an essential part of Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) and serves as a preventive measure in reducing the transmission of respiratory infectious diseases from an early age. Health education for young children is crucial, as this stage represents the formative period where foundational habits are developed, potentially influencing long-term individual and environmental health. This community service activity was conducted on May 9, 2025, at Stella Maris Kindergarten in Tangerang City, involving 29 Nursery group children. The main objective of the program was to enhance the knowledge and skills of early childhood students in practicing correct cough etiquette and to instill healthy behaviors that they can apply in their daily lives at home and school. The implementation of the activity followed the POAC approach (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, Controlling) in a structured manner. Activities included storytelling (using engaging illustrations), screening of age-appropriate educational videos, practical simulations of cough etiquette, and fun, interactive games. These methods were designed to encourage active participation and ensure that children could understand and retain the health messages through enjoyable learning experiences. The results showed a notable improvement in the children's understanding and active involvement in practicing healthy coughing techniques, such as covering their mouths with a tissue or the inside of their elbows when coughing. Visual education combined with hands-on practice proved to be highly effective in conveying health messages to young children. The teachers responded positively to the program, emphasizing that the approach used was appropriate and should be widely implemented in other early childhood education institutions. They recognized it as a valuable promotive effort and a long-term health investment for children, laying the groundwork for healthier habits and environments in the future.

Indonesia, as an agricultural country, has a large population working in the agricultural sector. Agricultural activities often involve the use of chemicals that can cause skin disorders, one of which is contact dermatitis. Contact dermatitis is an occupational disease with a high prevalence, both globally and nationally. As a form of concern for the increasing number of dermatitis cases among farmers, a community service activity was conducted in Mlati Village, Grobogan Regency. This activity aimed to increase farmers' awareness and knowledge regarding contact dermatitis prevention. The intervention included educational sessions, interactive discussions, role-plays, pre- and post-tests, and the distribution of skin health information leaflets. The activity was carried out by the Health Promotion Team from the Faculty of Medicine, Semarang State University. The evaluation results showed an increase in participants' understanding of the symptoms of contact dermatitis by 11.86% of the 21 participants who attended. Materials considered important by participants included the importance of maintaining personal hygiene after contact with chemicals, as well as the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during work. The participants' enthusiasm was also evident in their active participation in the discussion sessions and hands-on practice. However, there was still a lack of in-depth understanding of skin health care. This demonstrates the need for regular follow-up education to reinforce the program's positive impact. Overall, these activities demonstrate the critical importance of community-based health promotion in reducing the risk of occupational skin diseases and encouraging healthier and safer behavior changes in farmers.

Handwashing with soap (HWWS) is one of the simplest, most effective, and cost-efficient behaviors for preventing infectious diseases. However, its practice remains suboptimal at the household level in Indonesia. This research aims to analyze HWWS behavior using community questionnaire data as a basis for developing health promotion strategies through the Problem Solving Cycle (PSC) approach. This descriptive quantitative study was conducted among 50 respondents using a closed-ended questionnaire covering the knowledge, attitude, and practice dimensions of HWWS. The results showed that although respondents had high awareness and positive attitudes toward HWWS, their practices remained inconsistent due to habitual and infrastructural barriers. These findings highlight the need for integrated interventions combining direct education, social media campaigns, and improved access to handwashing facilities. This study contributes to evidence-based, participatory, and contextually adapted health promotion strategies aimed at achieving sustainable behavioral change.

Social media has proven to be an effective tool for health promotion, particularly in rapidly and widely disseminating information and encouraging behavioral changes. This study is a literature review aiming to evaluate the role of social media in digital-based health promotion interventions over the past five years (2019–2024). Articles were collected from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Garuda databases, focusing on interventions conducted in Indonesia or those with global relevance. The review of nine articles revealed that platforms like Instagram, WhatsApp, and Facebook are effective in improving health knowledge and behaviors, especially among adolescents and mothers. Strategies involving visual and interactive content, along with collaborations with digital influencers, significantly increased audience engagement. However, key challenges identified include low digital literacy, the spread of invalid information, and a lack of standardized evaluation for intervention effectiveness. This study recommends enhancing healthcare professionals' capacity in utilizing social media and strengthening public digital literacy to support sustainable health promotion efforts.

Mental health issues among adolescents have become an increasingly critical concern, particularly regarding the low level of mental health literacy among the younger generation. This study aims to analyze the role of Instagram as a health promotion medium in improving mental health literacy among adolescents aged 15–18 years. A descriptive quantitative method was employed using the Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire (MHLQ), which was distributed online to 70 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The results indicate a significant positive correlation between the frequency of interaction with mental health promotion content on Instagram and adolescents' mental health literacy levels (ρ = 0.449; p < 0.05). Most respondents demonstrated moderate to high levels of mental health literacy, suggesting that Instagram has the potential to be an effective tool for enhancing adolescents' understanding and awareness of mental health issues. This study provides evidence that social media can serve as a non-formal intervention tool to support efforts in increasing mental health literacy among Indonesian adolescents.

Sexual violence is a serious problem that has long-term impacts, especially for teenagers. This community service activity aims to increase high school students knowledge and awareness of sexual violence thorugh interactive counseling, educational videos, and group discussions. The results showed an increase in understanding, courage to voice opinions, and participants’ awareness of the risk of violence, Community education has provento be effective as a strategy to prevent sexual violence in teenagers.

Mosques play an important role in the social life of Muslims, more than just a place of worship. In recent decades, mosques have begun to be seen as potential venues for carrying out a variety of activities that can support community well-being, one of which is in the area of health. The purpose of this article is to provide a more in-depth understanding of how places of worship, such as mosques, can play a significant role in improving the overall well-being and health of communities. involving qualitative methods. using several data collection methods that are qualitative in nature, including in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation. In-depth interviews were conducted with mosque administrators, medical personnel, and worshipers to explore their understanding of various aspects of the health program implemented at the mosque. The interviews were semi-structured, where the researcher used flexible interview guidelines to allow informants to explain their experiences more freely. research results This article examines how mosques can function as health centers that not only provide medical services, but also play a role in health education and counseling to worshipers. The research includes an analysis of mosques that have run health programs, such as free health check-ups, counseling on healthy lifestyles, and raising awareness of the importance of health.

Background: Reproductive health is complete physical, mental and social well-being in all matters relating to reproductive systems and functions and processes and not just conditions that are free from disease and disability. One of the reproductive health problems that we are often familiar with is sexually transmitted infections. Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) are infectious diseases that are transmitted mainly through sexual contact, and are currently still a public health problem throughout the world, both in developed (Industrial) countries and in developing countries. Research Objective: To determine the effect of health promotion about STI (Sexually Transmitted Infections) on community knowledge, in this case teenagers in Pukdale Village, East Kupang District. Research Method: This type of research uses the Quasi Experiment One Group Pre Test-Post Test method, using the Wilcoxon analysis test. This research was conducted in October 2023. Using a total sampling of 45 respondents as samples. The questionnaire used consisted of 20 statement items. Results: The relationship between health promotion and adolescent knowledge of sexually transmitted infections, before health promotion regarding STIs was carried out, 2 respondents (4.4%) had good knowledge, 14 respondents (31.3%) had sufficient knowledge, and 29 respondents (64.4%) had good knowledge. less and after health promotion regarding STIs was carried out, 17 respondents (37.8%) had good knowledge, 20 respondents (44.4%) had sufficient knowledge, and 8 respondents (17.8%) had poor knowledge. The relationship results use the correlation test ρ = 0.000 < 0.05. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between health promotion and public knowledge, in this case teenagers, regarding Sexually Transmitted Infections after health promotion is carried out.

Background: Pregnancy is a natural process, but if you do not receive proper care during pregnancy it can cause morbidity and even death in the mother. In Indonesia, the maternal mortality rate is still quite high and still below the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) targets. The causes of maternal death can be reduced and can be prevented through quality care, one of which is early detection of complications during pregnancy. Apart from that, pregnant women must also know about the danger signs of pregnancy by making maximum use of the KIA Book which contains information about Maternal and Child Health. If the mother knows about the danger signs within herself, the pregnant woman will be more aware of her condition.

Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) is a form of healthy living orientation in individual, family, and community culture, which aims to improve, maintain, and protect their health both physically, mentally, spiritually, and socially. PHBS Clean and Healthy Living Behavior aims to provide learning experiences or create conditions for individuals, groups, and families, by opening channels of communication, information, and education to improve knowledge, attitudes, and behavior so that people are aware, willing, and able to transmit clean and healthy living behavior. Healthy. Through PHBS, it is hoped that people can recognize and overcome their problems and can implement a healthy lifestyle by maintaining, maintaining, and improving their health. A preliminary survey of PBHS indicators in Lawe Loning Aman Village, Lawe Sigala-Gala District, Southeast Aceh Regency, revealed that there are still many people in Lawe Loning Aman Village, Lawe Sigala-Gala District, Southeast Aceh Regency who have not implemented PHBS. This research aims to analyze the impact of health promotion on changes in clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) in the household environment in Lawe Loning Aman Village, Lawe Sigala-Gala District, Southeast Aceh Regency, in 2023. Meanwhile, for data collection, the type of research used is quantitative with this Quasi-experiment research design using one group pretest-posttest. The instrument used was an observation sheet which was distributed to 30 respondents. The results of data analysis show that health promotion has an impact on several changes, namely the behavior of weighing babies every month (p = 0.000), hand washing behavior (p = 0.000), the behavior of using clean water (p = 0.000), the behavior of using healthy toilets (p = 0.000), mosquito larva eradication behavior (p=0.000), fruit and vegetable consumption behavior (p=0.000), physical activity behavior (p=0.000), non-smoking behavior (p=0.005). Apart from that, two variables cannot be directly influenced by health promotion, namely delivery behavior with the help of health workers (p=0.489) and exclusive breastfeeding behavior (p=0.320). Based on the findings of this research, it is recommended that health workers and other health promotion organizers improve PHBS behavior in the home environment and again interventions can be carried out aimed at further improving hygiene to avoid various diseases.

Degenerative diseases are chronic diseases that affect a person's quality of life. There are various degenerative diseases that should be treated as early as possible, such as diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, heart stroke and other degenerative diseases. Indonesia bears a double burden of disease in the health sector, namely infectious diseases are still rampant and coupled with chronic degenerative diseases. Efforts to promote health are very important in efforts to prevent degenerative diseases in adolescence. This health promotion is carried out in adolescents because of the unhealthy lifestyle of adolescents, this can be seen from the smoking habits of adolescents and the habit of eating unhealthy foods or snacks carelessly, lack of consumption of vegetables and fruits, and minimal physical activity such as sports in efforts to prevent degenerative diseases in adolescents. The purpose of this activity is to increase knowledge about the prevention of degenerative diseases among adolescents and as an effort to overcome the problem of the emergence of degenerative diseases in adolescence. The results of community service activities show an increase in average knowledge from 6.61 to 13.80 and an increase in attitudes from 9.61 to 14.47. Community service activities can be carried out well, this is seen from the smooth running of the event and the participation of teenagers. Improving the quality of health needs to be done by raising awareness and increasing education for teenagers about preventing degenerative diseases.

Immunization is one of the measures to prevent the spread of disease in other areas which has been proven to be very cost effective. Measles rubella is a disease that can be transmitted through the air, namely when a sufferer sneezes or coughs. This disease can attack toddlers and children aged 9 months to 15 years, causing them to suffer from hearing loss, cataracts, speech delays and heart failure. This research aims to determine the effect of poster media on increasing knowledge, attitudes and actions of teachers in providing measles rubella immunization to elementary school students at SD It Al Wahdah Kendari in 2023. The research method used is a quantitative approach, pre experimental design type with research design one pre test-post test group. The research sample was 33 people using a total sampling technique. The instruments used in this research were questionnaires and posters. The results of this research show that the p-value of the Wilcoxon test for knowledge is 0.000, the attitude p-value is 0.000 and the action p-value is 0.000. It can be concluded that there is an influence of poster media on increasing teacher knowledge, attitudes and actions in providing measles rubella immunization because the p-value is <0.000.

Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and heart disease are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the elderly (elderly). The elderly need early detection and health promotion to reduce the risk of NCD complications and improve quality of life. This activity aims to increase awareness and understanding of elderly people in Barusari Village regarding the importance of early detection and control of NCDs, as well as providing health education through community-based health promotion. Implementation Method: Free Health Check: Carry out a health check to detect early signs of NCDs, such as measuring blood pressure, blood sugar levels, and checking cholesterol. Community-Based Health Promotion: Holding a health promotion campaign involving community leaders, elderly families, and health workers to create an environment that supports a healthy lifestyle for the elderly. Results: Increased public awareness about the importance of early detection and prevention of NCD complications. Elderly people who take part in health checks gain knowledge about their health conditions and are given referrals to health facilities if necessary. Conclusion: This activity was successful in increasing elderly participation in early detection and health promotion, as well as forming a community that is more concerned about controlling NCDs in the elderly group.

Mental health in Indonesia has so far been relatively neglected, even though the decline in productivity due to mental health disorders has been proven to have a real impact on the economy. Interpersonal communication is a scientific discipline that is seen as capable of realizing a person's mental health, because within the scope of its study, interpersonal communication is dialogical in nature. The dialogic nature is demonstrated through verbal communication in conversations that display direct feedback. This study uses all articles presented in the form of a literature review regarding "Promotion of Community Mental Health Using an Interpersonal Communication Approach". Based on the results of the literature review of the five journals analyzed, In essence, interpersonal communication is communication between a communicator and a communicant. This type of communication is considered the most effective for changing human attitudes, opinions or behavior due to a dialogical process. The dialogic nature is demonstrated through verbal communication in conversations that display direct feedback. The process of providing health information can be done using promotional media. The implementation of mental health promotion aims to be an important step in conveying a knowledge base that often arises so that it can be used in the form of effective practice in a regulation. Integrating improvement, prevention and management related to mental health problems will be very helpful in avoiding death, reducing the stigma associated with it. attached to someone with mental disorders and improve the economic conditions of society.