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Introduction: Mother's Milk is the best life liquid that is needed by babies which contains various substances that are important for the growth and development of babies and in accordance with their needs. The importance of exclusive breastfeeding for babies is like nutrition in general, breast milk contains components of macro and micro nutrients. Macronutrients are carbohydrates, protein and fat, while micronutrients are vitamins and minerals. Each component of breast milk has its own benefits for the baby's growth. The lack of exclusive breastfeeding can be caused by various conditions, demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical factors greatly determine the continuity of breastfeeding. Objective: To determine the factors that influence mothers in giving exclusive breastfeeding. Methods: The method used in this study is the narrative review method with literature sourced from the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. Results: Of the 7 articles, there are 5 articles that discuss internal factors that influence mothers in giving exclusive breastfeeding. Internal factors that influence mothers in giving exclusive breastfeeding according to the 5 articles reviewed are knowledge, education, occupation, age, attitude and parity. And from 7 articles there are 4 articles that discuss external factors that influence mothers in giving exclusive breastfeeding. External factors that influence mothers in giving exclusive breastfeeding according to the 4 reviewed journals are social culture, family support and support from health workers. Conclusion: Based on the 7 articles presented, it indicates that there are so many factors that trigger mothers not to give exclusive breastfeeding, both internal factors that come from the mother herself and external factors that come from outside the mother herself.

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the effect of return on assets, return on equity and earnings per share on stock prices in banking companies listed on the IDX for the 2019-2021 period. The sample used in this research is 10 companies. Sampling was done by purposive sampling method. The method used is a quantitative approach. Data analysis techniques used include: classical assumption test, multiple linear regression test, hypothesis test and coefficient of determination test. The results showed that the return on assets and return on equity variables partially did not have a significant effect on stock prices, while earnings per share had a significant effect on stock prices. The results of the study simultaneously (return on assets, return on equity and earnings per share) have a significant effect on stock prices.  

This study aims to analyze the effect of organizational culture and leadership style on the job satisfaction of Bappeda Jeneponto Regency employees. The location of this research is the Office of the Regional Development Planning Agency (Bappeda). The sample in this study used the census method (saturated sample) with a total of 32 respondents. Data collection was done through questionnaires with the analysis method was multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that organizational culture had a positive and significant effect on the job satisfaction of Jeneponto Regency Bappeda employees with a coefficient of determination of 0.377 and P (sig) = 0.000 < 0.05. This shows that the better the organizational culture and understanding by employees, the better job satisfaction will be. Leadership style has a positive and significant effect on the job satisfaction of Bappeda Jeneponto Regency employees with a determination coefficient value of 0.548 and P (sig) = 0.000 <0.05. This shows that the better the leadership style, the better job satisfaction will be. The variable that has a dominant effect on the job satisfaction of Bappeda Jeneponto Regency employees is leadership style.

Limited land availability poses a challenge for urban communities interested in developing fish farming activities. As the years go by, the increasing population leads to a scarcity of land in urban areas, which can hinder the development of fish farming activities by limiting access to natural resources. One solution to overcome land limitations in fish farming is the use of the bucket fish farming method. This method efficiently utilizes limited space and is cost-effective, allowing for fish farming in urban environments, such as at SDN Kauman 1 in Blitar City. This creative innovation involves students and the community in fish farming activities using buckets, with the goals of environmental education, practical learning, and skill development for students. The objective of this community service activity is to provide guidance on understanding and effectively implementing bucket fish farming (Budidamber) in a sustainable manner. The methods used include socialization, preparation, and implementation. It is expected that this journal will contribute positively to supporting local food resilience and environmental conservation at SDN Kauman 1 in Blitar City and its surrounding community.

Background: Self-efficacy is the perception of the ability to consider and implement behavior patterns as self-regulation that is obtained through motivation and determining achievement of expectations. Good self-efficacy is needed not only for healthy people but also for sick people, especially people with chronic illnesses. Decreased self-efficacy can occur in people with chronic illnesses. We know that people with chronic diseases have long treatment programs, even for a lifetime, such as taking medication and sometimes this feels boring or boring. Consuming drugs or running a continuous treatment program can lead to boredom so that it is possible to want to stop taking medication. This is the background for wanting to know what actions can be taken to increase self-efficacy in people with chronic diseases. Self-efficacy increases if there is effort in dealing with existing obstacles. Interventions can be provided by health workers in increasing self-efficacy in people with chronic diseases. Objective: This study aims to describe the effect of Beapreasi therapy on self-efficacy in patients with chronic diseases at the Bergas Health Center, Semarang Regency. Methods: The research design used was descriptive and was carried out on 6 respondents, all of whom became the experimental group or all of whom became respondents. The method used to determine respondents is a purposive sampling technique. All respondents were assessed for self-efficacy using a self-efficacy scale questionnaire which was measured 2 times, namely before and after being given Beapreasi therapy. Results: The study showed that the mean value of the self-efficacy scale in the experimental group before the intervention was 81.79 and the value of the efficacy scale in the experimental group after the intervention was 89.36. this shows that there is an increase in the value on the self-efficacy scale and there is a difference in the mean value on the self-efficacy scale in the experimental group before giving the intervention with after giving the intervention with a p value of 0.00, p value <0.05 so that there is a significant/significant effect of giving reward therapy on improvement self-efficacy. Conclusion: Beapreasi therapeutic intervention can be used to maintain self-efficacy or increase self-efficacy in patients with chronic diseases, with the hope that patients will remain enthusiastic in carrying out their care and life. Beapreasi therapy can be used as a nurse's independent intervention in accompanying the care of patients with chronic diseases who require lifelong treatment and this is in an effort to increase self-efficacy in sufferers of chronic diseases.  

Toilet training is a way to train children aged 1-3 years in controlling defecation and urination activities properly and correctly. According to the 2019 National Household Health Survey (SKRT), it is estimated that the number of toddlers who have difficulty controlling defecation and urination (bedwetting) at the age of up to pre-school reaches 75 million children. This phenomenon is triggered by many things, such as parents' lack of knowledge about how to train defecation and toileting, the use of compresses and many others (Riblat, 2017). The introduction and implementation of toilet training in children is very important. Knowledge is one of the factors that can influence the success of toilet training implementation. This study aims to determine the relationship between parental knowledge about toilet training, with the success in its application in pre-school children in kindergarten. Anugrah Harapan Bangsa Marelan in 2023, using the type of correlation descriptive research. The population and sample in this study were all parents who had pre-school age children as many as 130 people. This study used a total sampling method, instrument in the form of a knowledge questionnaire and the successful implementation of toilet training. The results of this study were tested using the chi-square test, the results obtained p value = 0.000 (<0.05) indicates that parental knowledge has a relationship with the successful implementation of toilet training in children. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the better the parents' knowledge, the better the results of the implementation of toilet training. For this reason, it is recommended that parents maintain and improve their knowledge about toilet training so that they can provide good and correct toilet training implementation results for their children. This can be done for example by attending health education counseling events, especially in the field of toilet training.

This Study aims to design interactive learning media in indonesian subjects, especially theme 2 sub-theme 4 lesson 5. Based on the identified students, that there are still students who are still not able to read and write fluently. This is due to factors from within the students themeselves such as the willingness and ability of the child. This type of research is a research and development research and development (R&D) method. This study uses six stages: (1) Potential and problems, (2) gathering information, (3) product design, (4) design validation, (5) design revision, (6) product trial, (7) product revision. Validation was carried out by media experts (lecturers) and material experts (teachers). The subjects of the research trial consisted of grade 1 students at SDN Leyangan. The trial was conducted by 5 students. Data collected by interviews, documentation, and questionnaires (questionnaires). The data are the results of an assessment of product quality and suggestions for revising the product, which are then analyzed descriptively.                 The results showed that interactive learning media for Indonesian thematic subjects as a media tool designed to be suitable for use in learning theme 2 sub-theme 4 lesson 5 class 1 SDN Leyangan. This is shown by (1) the assessment of the media expert (lecturer) included in the very good criteria with a score of 37, (2) the assessment of the material expert (teacher) included in the very good criteria with a score of 36, and (3) in the trial use included in the very good criteria with a score of 36.  

Web-based information systems are in high demand in various circles of society, including in the world of non-computer education, where the written examination system commonly used in education often has many obstacles. Factors must also be considered when evaluating written tests, as many participants may avoid writing notes on cards and waste paper and ink to ask and repeat questions, including negative factors in written tests, so this study aims to do so. a database-based online exam system that educational institutions can use to convert existing written exams into an online exam system. Therefore, with the rapid development of information technology, it is necessary to design and build an online examination system based on Data Warehouse to replace the manual written examination system and facilitate the work of the teacher in SMP Negeri 5 Medan. Primary schools enter question data into the system and can minimize the operational costs of passing exams, and the system can also store data more securely in its data warehouse, i.e. teacher information, basic information, student information. subject information, value information and question information. The method is Data Warehouse, software procedures and Waterfall model. The survey respondents were 150 students from SMP Negeri 5 Medan, a total of 150 students. This online exam system was created using PHP programming language, MySQL database and XAMPP web server

In the era of globalization, cultural exchange is easier to do. One of the cultures that are popular with young people in Indonesia is Japanese animation. Animation is an image that is made to look real with artificial intelligence technology. At this time many people are interested in animated content that is displayed in real-time via social media, but there are still many who have not been able to present it optimally regarding the expressions and movements of the characters. So the researchers used the face tracking method in the Live2D application to produce animated characters that can interact directly with the exact expressions of the actors behind the camera. Tests using Vtube Studio Unity proved that the animations created succeeded in displaying the actors' expressions and movements in real-time. The final result of the animation created is distributed via social media YouTube and TikTok. Keywords: Animation, Live2D, Character, Face Tracking

Communication becomes very important in people's lives, because with indirect communication we can understand the attitudes, behaviors and actions of the environment around us. Communication that occurs between the Batak and Javanese tribes that occurs is called intercultural communication which involves two or more people with different cultural backgrounds. Communication and interaction between Batak and Javanese tribes in Environment II Untemanis is intertwined with the process of understanding each other's differences. This study is intended to determine the pattern of intercultural communication between Batak and Javanese tribes in Environment II Untemanis, Losung Batu Village, North Padangsidimpuan District, Padangsidimpuan Regency, North Sumatra. This research uses qualitative methods with a descriptive approach. The subjects in this study amounted to 14 informants determined purposively, consisting of the head of ligkungan II Untemanis, traditional leaders / hatobangon, and Batak and Javanese people who were at least domiciled for 3-4 years. Data collection is carried out by interview, observation and documentation techniques. In analyzing data, this study uses data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The results of this study show that communities in Environment II Untemanis coexist harmoniously through a process of adjustment and then accept each other's differences. In the process of communication and interaction these two tribes use mixed languages, namely Batak, Javanese and Indonesian. Despite having different cultural backgrounds, Batak and Javanese people in this environment live without any discrimination. The existence of high tolerance in Environment II Untemanis makes community life harmonious and open to each other. The pattern of communication that occurs between the Batak and Javanese tribes in this environment is a circular pattern. The creation of a circular pattern that indicates a reciprocal process due to supporting factors, namely the ability to communicate, mutual acceptance and respect between cultures, and the adaptability of the Batak and Javanese people.

North Sumatra's economic growth often experiences fluctuationsthere are changes in external and internal conditions. Studyit aims to find the Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines model(MARS) on the GRDP growth rate in North Sumatra according to the fieldbest effort using Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) criteria. Methodquantitative research, where the data used is secondary datataken from the Central Bureau of Statistics of North Sumatra, namely Domestic Product data North Sumatra Regional Gross Regional Gross Domestic Product (GRDP) by business sector. Studyin the form of the best MARS model obtained from the piecewise-cubic model andThe level of importance of the predictor variables to the best modelobtained significantly affect the Growth Rate of Domestic ProductsGross Regional by Business Field in North Sumatra.

Social and environmental problems that arise in society are one of the negative impacts of industrial activities. Poverty, ignorance, access to life and clean water, environmental pollution, infectious diseases continue to occur continuously due to industrial activities. Industrial waste that is continuously disposed of carelessly is a continuous problem that can cause environmental pollution. Through the implementation of the corporate social responsibility program, ASSA Rent Surabaya carried out mangrove seed planting activities. The research method used is descriptive analysis which is qualitative in nature. Data collection was carried out by observation, literature study, and interviews. This study uses the theory of Charles O. Jones by identifying three pillars of activity namely organization, interpretation, and application. The results showed that ASSA Rent Surabaya had carried out the activity of planting mangrove seedlings as a corporate social responsibility program very well.

This study aims to detemine the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), and Non Performing Loan (NPL) on stock prices in banking companies listed on the IDX in 2017-2021. This type of research is explanatory research which explains the causal relationship between variables by testing the hypothesis. The sample used in this study amouted to 10 companies with purpose sampling method. This test tool uses software eviews 12. From the result of this study it can be concluded that the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR)has no effect on stock prices. Non Performing Loan (NPL) has no effect on stock prices.Simultaneously,Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), and Non Performing Loan (NPL) have no effect on stock Prices.Companies should not accumulate too much funds in the CAR, just reserve the minimum according to the RWA (Risk Weighted Assets) set by Bank Indonesia, which is 8%, the rest of the funds can be invested in assets so that the company's wealth will continue to increase and profitability will also increase so that investors more interested in buying shares.In the banking sector, most investors at this time do not really look at the fundamental analysis but at the technical analysis when deciding or buying stocks.

Bacground Sectio caesarea is a procedure that involves cutting the uterine and abdominal walls to deliver a fetus. This study aims to determine the application of hand-held relaxation techniques to reducing the pain scale of post-section caesarea patients at RSIA Sitti Khadijah Aisyiyah, Gorontalo City. Method : The method used is descriptive analytic with a case study approach on 4 Post sectio caesarea patients with pain at RSIA Sitti Khadijah Aisyiyah Gorontalo City which includes nursing assessment, nursing diagnosis, nursing intervention, nursing implementation and nursing evaluation. The process of applying this finger-held relaxation technique is carried out for 1 day. Measurement of the pain scale was carried out before and after the hand-held relaxation technique was carried out and using a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain scale measuring instrument. Result : So the results obtained before and after the relaxation technique was carried out, the pain intensity decreased. This case study shows that after finger grip relaxation was performed in patients I, II, III, and IV who experienced postoperative sectio caesarea pain, the result was a change in the pain scale from a moderate pain scale to a mild pain scale. Conslusion : There is a significant effect of the application of finger grip relaxation techniques in post op section caesarean patients for changes in pain levels.

Hadith is one of the pillars of Muslims in carrying out Islamic law. Besides that, hadith is also a sharp weapon for orientalists in bringing down Islam. One of the bases used by orientalists in overthrowing Islam is the hadiths that seem textually contradictory. Hadith that appear to be textually contradictory can cause misunderstandings for the general public if they do not examine them in depth. One example is the hadith narrated by Abū Dāwud which contradicts the permissibility and prohibition of using illicit objects in medicine. Therefore, researchers conducted research on the meaning and completion of the two hadiths. This type of research is qualitative in nature (library research) with descriptive presentation and analysis methods. This research also uses the book of Sunan Abū Dāwud and is assisted by other standard books, then it is analyzed by studying the Mukhtalif al-Ḥadīṡ method of Syaikh Shāliḥ al-Uṡaimin to resolve the two contradictory hadiths. The result of this study is that the two hadiths can be solved using the al-Jam'u method. Based on the compromise of the two hadiths, it is known that the use of illicit objects is permissible with certain considerations and conditions.

This research was conducted to find out about "child-friendly schools in elementary schools". The purpose of the research is to guarantee efforts to fulfill children's rights and minimize the occurrence of acts of violence against children and provide quality education for children. This study uses a type of qualitative research. The method used in this study uses a library research method or approach. The data collection technique used in this article is to review journals, books, and literature articles that are appropriate to the research problem. The findings from the data collection process are documented to then be analyzed and presented descriptively. The hopes to be achieved from this research are 1.) to be able to find out the effectiveness of child-friendly schools in realizing the hopes of the nation. 2.) aims to provide strengthening, understanding and instilling and implementing Pancasila values. 3.) provide knowledge and understanding to children/students to practice and implement Pancasila values.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the causes of learning difficulties for elementary school students in learning mathematics, and to find out what materials students think are difficult to understand in learning mathematics. This study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The aim of the research is the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method to evaluate, review and recognize relevant research so as to be able to answer questions on the specified research. The results of the study show that the factors causing learning difficulties for elementary school students in learning mathematics are, that internal factors include (1) Interest, students who are less interested in participating in mathematics learning, plus students in the class who are less focused and serious in participating in the teaching and learning process as seen by students always leads to the outside of the class when the teacher explains the material, (2) Factors of students' learning habits, less precise learning of students who only study when there is a test (3) Health factors of students, can affect the level of concentration of students in learning mathematics, if the student body is lacking healthy then it can affect student learning outcomes.

Flood is an event of flow or stagnation of water in an area that occurs due to the overflow of water from existing canals exceeding the capacity of water disposal caused by high rainfall and the topographical conditions of the area in the form of lowlands to basins, causing physical, social and economic losses. This type of research is qualitative research because the results of this research were obtained from various data collection techniques such as interviews, document analysis, observation and documentation. The population in this study were residents in Tanjung Rejo Village, Medan Sunggal District. The sample is part of the population that has a quality that can represent the entire population. The sampling process was carried out non-randomly (nonprobability sampling) with a purposive sampling technique, namely the method of taking samples based on certain withdrawals. The criteria referred to in this study are local residents who have been affected by floods.

Tourism has a goal of helping the country's economy. Therefore it is necessary to develop tourism that can help local people by creating jobs and increasing regional income. Tourism development can be carried out in areas that have tourism potential, such as in Wonosalam Village, Wonosalam District, Jombang Regency. One of them is the Kebon Kopi tourist attraction located in Sumber Gogor, Mangirejo Hamlet, Wonosalam Village, where there is a program to develop coffee gardens as camping ground locations to increase its natural tourism potential. The research method uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and literature review. The results of the discussion show that the development of the camping ground in Wonosalam Village, Dusun Mangirejo requires a coffee plantation development strategy with the concept of attracting tourists or visitors and opening up the tourism economy.  

The progress of a nation is greatly influenced by the contribution to education. Education is expected to be able to make a truly intelligent society, so it will gives the nuances of intelligent life and will progressively shape independence. Such a nation community is a big investment to struggle out of the crisis in the face of a globalized world. In facing today's global world, the task of educators as professional teachers is not only to carry out learning in the classroom, but besides educating, nurturing and guiding the most important thing is to shape the personality of students who have the ability to prepare and develop themselves as critical and creative human resources. . most important is to educate and As educators, teachers convey knowledge and skills to students using certain methods so that knowledge or skills can belong to these students, therefore professional educators are educators who are always trying to improve their performance, by increasing their competence as educators. The embodiment of the competence of these educators is the responsibility of education, especially to prepare students to become intelligent and creative subjects in order to achieve maximum learning achievement. One indicator of the achievement of learning objectives can be identified by looking at the level of learning achievement obtained by students. Purwanto stated that learning achievement is a change in student behavior as a result of learning. The change in behavior was caused because he achieved the use of a number of materials provided in the teaching and learning process. This achievement is based on predetermined teaching objectives. The results can be in the form of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor changes.