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The increasing sophistication of cyber threats has rendered traditional cybersecurity models insufficient in safeguarding enterprise networks. This study introduces a risk aware cybersecurity governance model that integrates real time threat intelligence with predictive anomaly detection to proactively mitigate potential threats. By leveraging advanced machine learning and AI techniques, the model enhances the ability to identify and address cyber threats before they can escalate into significant incidents. The model’s ability to predict anomalies, analyze real time threat intelligence feeds, and provide early warnings allows for faster response times and reduced risk exposure compared to traditional reactive models. Through simulations and real-world use cases, the proposed model demonstrated a 30% reduction in response time and a 25% decrease in overall risk exposure, showing its potential to improve security decision-making and resilience in dynamic threat environments. Unlike traditional models that rely on static rules and periodic policies, the proposed model uses predictive analytics to stay ahead of evolving threats, ensuring continuous monitoring and rapid adaptation. This proactive approach enhances organizational resilience, particularly in handling sophisticated cyber threats such as ransomware, malware, and phishing attacks. Despite its effectiveness, challenges such as data overload, scalability, and the need for interpretability in AI models remain. Future research will focus on refining predictive models, improving scalability for larger networks, and enhancing the explainability of machine learning models to foster greater trust in automated cybersecurity systems. This study contributes to the ongoing evolution of cybersecurity governance by demonstrating the value of integrating predictive and real time monitoring technologies for enhanced threat detection and mitigation.

Distributed software systems face significant challenges related to data quality due to their complex, decentralized architecture. These systems often involve multiple nodes responsible for processing and storing data, making it difficult to maintain consistency and ensure accurate data across the entire network. In particular, issues like data inconsistency, latency, and data fragmentation are prevalent in distributed environments. To address these challenges, this study proposes an integrated data quality governance strategy that combines real time monitoring and automated anomaly detection using machine learning models. The proposed strategy aims to improve data consistency, enhance anomaly detection capabilities, and reduce the need for manual intervention, ultimately improving overall data governance in distributed systems. Real time monitoring ensures immediate identification of data issues as they occur, while machine learning models, such as autoencoders and Isolation Forests, automate the detection of anomalies based on high reconstruction errors and data isolation techniques. The study evaluates the proposed strategy through real-world distributed system scenarios, comparing its effectiveness to traditional approaches like periodic audits and manual validation. Results demonstrate that the integrated approach leads to faster anomaly detection, reduced data inconsistencies, and improved overall system performance. The use of advanced machine learning techniques and real time analytics significantly enhances the system's ability to maintain high data quality standards across multiple distributed nodes. This strategy has wide-ranging implications for industries that rely on distributed systems, such as finance, healthcare, and IoT, where data integrity is essential for operational success. Future research can focus on integrating more advanced machine learning techniques and optimizing the real time monitoring framework to handle larger and more complex systems.

This study identified the use of abbreviations in Medical Treatment Consent Forms (SPTK) at X Hospital Indonesia. A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive approach was applied to 76 SPTKs in September 2024, and questionnaires were administered to 30 patient-responsible physicians (DPJP). The results showed that 75% of SPTKs contained abbreviations, even though 97% of respondents understood the risk of miscommunication to patient safety. The state of the art includes accreditation standards that prohibit the use of abbreviations in informed consent, with global orthopedic studies reporting a decrease from 54% to 22% after educational interventions, as well as Indonesian regulations, namely Peraturan Mentri Kesehatan (Permenkes) Republik Indonesia No. 24/2022, which emphasizes that medical records must be complete. The novelty lies in the first empirical analysis in Indonesian hospitals to reveal the disparity between high physician knowledge and low documentation compliance, contributing to the development of evidence-based monitoring for patient safety. These findings support recommendations for daily review of SPTK, ongoing socialization, and integration of digital checklists to reduce medical errors.

Equitable vaccine distribution is a global issue that has received increasing attention, especially since the increasing need for vaccines in the face of modern pandemics. This study aims to analyze the inequality in vaccine distribution and the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy through a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing literature studies and supporting data in the form of graphs. The analysis results show that high-income countries have significantly greater access to vaccines than middle- and low-income countries, creating inequalities that impact public health protection. Furthermore, levels of vaccine hesitancy were found to vary across social groups, with adolescents being the group with the highest rate of rejection due to the influence of misinformation and low trust in health institutions. These findings confirm that the success of a vaccination program is determined not only by the availability of equitable distribution but also by public acceptance, which is influenced by social, psychological, and ethical factors. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of applying bioethical principles such as justice, beneficence, and autonomy in formulating effective and inclusive vaccination policies.

This study focuses on analyzing the application of cloud computing as a supporting infrastructure for digital transformation in the implementation of Smart City at the Communication and Information Agency (Diskominfo) of Muara Enim Regency. In the era of digital transformation and accelerated urbanization, the need for smart city management based on information technology has become increasingly urgent. Cloud computing plays a strategic role in providing integrated, scalable, and efficient data services to support the effectiveness of public services and data-driven decision-making. This study aims to analyze the extent to which cloud computing has been implemented in the Muara Enim Diskominfo environment, identify the supporting and inhibiting factors of its implementation, and evaluate its contribution to the achievement of Smart City objectives. This study uses a comparative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation studies. The results of the study show that the implementation of cloud computing at the Muara Enim Communication and Information Agency is still in the development stage, with positive achievements in data management efficiency and inter-unit collaboration, but facing obstacles in terms of system integration and human resources. This research contributes to strengthening academic understanding of cloud computing implementation strategies in the context of local government, as well as providing practical recommendations for policy makers to improve digital infrastructure readiness towards a sustainable Smart City.

In Indonesia, maritime safety remains a problem. Ship captains and ship owners often disregard maritime safety standards, particularly for fishing vessels. Provisions for criminal liability for domestic fishing vessels that fail to meet maritime safety standards are an important legal instrument for regulating and enforcing maritime safety regulations in the fisheries sector. Failure of vessels to comply with safety requirements, such as the completeness of safety equipment, engine condition, and vessel structure, can potentially lead to accidents that endanger the lives of crew members and negatively impact the marine environment. This study uses a normative research method with a legislative approach. This article focuses on examining aspects of criminal liability, including the subjects, objects, and legal sanctions imposed for violations of maritime safety standards. The results indicate that perpetrators of violations can be subject to criminal sanctions in the form of fines, detention, and even revocation of vessel operating permits, taking into account human rights and environmental protection. Effective and synergistic law enforcement between relevant authorities is essential to provide a deterrent effect, encourage compliance with safety standards, and improve the system for the sustainability of marine resources.

This study is motivated by the crucial role of government public relations in managing effective communication in the digital era, particularly through cooperation with online media to ensure public information is delivered widely, accurately, and credibly. The research aims to analyze the implementation of media relations strategies carried out by the Public Relations Office of the South Tangerang City Social Service, focusing on three main aspects: managing media relations, developing information dissemination strategies, and building cooperative networks with online media. This study employs a qualitative approach using descriptive methods, with data collected through in-depth interviews and documentation. The theoretical framework is based on Yosal Iriantara’s (2019) media relations strategy, which emphasizes relationship management, communication strategies, and network development. The findings indicate that media relations are implemented through formal and informal communication, openness to media needs, the preparation of informative and community-oriented content, and continuous formal and informal collaboration with online media. Overall, the implementation of media relations strategies contributes to building a positive institutional image and enhancing public trust, although challenges remain, including limited advertorial budgets and human resource constraints.

Corporate crime in the natural resources sector is a legal phenomenon that has a broad impact on state finances and public interests. This article analyzes the legal case of tin trade corruption involving PT Timah Tbk, a state-owned enterprise managing a strategic commodity. This study aims to examine the construction of corporate crime and the legal implications of state financial losses arising from deviant trade practices. The research method used is normative legal research with a juridical-analytical approach through a review of laws and regulations, legal doctrine, and relevant legal facts. The results of the study indicate that tin trade corruption is a systemic corporate crime integrated into the company's policies and business mechanisms, so that criminal liability cannot be limited to individuals alone. The resulting state losses are multidimensional, including fiscal losses, loss of potential revenue, and violations of the principle of state control over natural resources. This study emphasizes the importance of strengthening corporate criminal law enforcement to maintain the integrity of state-owned enterprises and protect state interests.

This study aims to analyze the effect of audit tenure on audit quality at PT Wijaya Karya (Persero) Tbk, which is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2022–2024 period. This research employs a quantitative approach with a causal associative research method. The data used are secondary data obtained from the company’s annual reports and financial statements. Data collection was conducted through documentation, while sample selection used purposive sampling. The data analysis method applied was simple linear regression to examine the effect of audit tenure on audit quality. The results indicate that audit tenure has a significant effect on audit quality, suggesting that the length of the relationship between the auditor and the client has implications for the quality of audit outcomes. These findings are expected to contribute to the development of accounting literature and serve as a consideration for regulators and companies in determining auditor engagement policies to maintain audit quality.

The rapid growth of digital marketplaces has fundamentally transformed consumer decision-making processes by intensifying price transparency, product comparability, and information exposure. In highly competitive marketplace environments, consumers are frequently confronted with numerous product alternatives and dynamic pricing structures, which shape how they evaluate options and ultimately decide to purchase. This study examines the effects of product variety and price perception on consumers’ purchase decisions in the context of ROSCA tumbler products sold on the Shopee marketplace. Using a quantitative explanatory approach, this research employs a survey-based design to analyze the relationships among variables and to estimate their relative effects through multiple linear regression analysis. Data were collected from 100 respondents who had previously purchased ROSCA tumblers on Shopee, selected using purposive sampling based on predefined criteria. The research instrument consisted of 15 Likert-scale items measuring product variety, price perception, and purchase decision. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, instrument validity and reliability testing, regression assumption diagnostics, and hypothesis testing using both partial (t-test) and simultaneous (F-test) procedures. The findings reveal that product variety has a positive and significant effect on purchase decisions, indicating that consumers are more likely to finalize purchases when they perceive product options as sufficiently diverse, relevant, and comparable. Price perception also exerts a positive and significant influence and demonstrates a stronger relative effect compared to product variety. This result underscores the central role of perceived price fairness, competitiveness, and value-for-money in shaping purchase decisions within transparent and highly competitive marketplace settings. Simultaneously, product variety and price perception explain a substantial proportion of variance in purchase decisions, highlighting their combined importance as key marketing stimuli. These findings contribute to the literature on digital consumer behavior by providing empirical evidence from a specific marketplace–product context and offer practical implications for sellers and brand managers in optimizing assortment design and pricing strategies to enhance conversion rates in online marketplaces

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) principles at PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk as one of the state-owned banks that plays a strategic role in the Indonesian banking system. The implementation of GCG is crucial in maintaining public trust, improving performance, and ensuring business sustainability in the banking sector. This research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, focusing on secondary data analysis obtained from annual reports, corporate governance reports, sustainability reports, and official information published on the website of PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk. The results indicate that Bank Mandiri has consistently implemented the principles of transparency, accountability, responsibility, independency, and fairness in its corporate governance system. These principles are reflected in information disclosure practices, clear organizational structures, regulatory compliance, independent decision-making processes, and fair treatment of all stakeholders. Overall, the implementation of GCG at PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk contributes positively to strengthening internal control systems, enhancing public trust, and supporting the stability and sustainability of banking operations.

Contemporary defense and security challenges now come from both non-military threats (such as cyber attacks, disinformation campaigns, and economic pressure) and military threats (traditional armed force). These often operate in the gray zone, meaning actions are taken below the threshold of armed conflict as defined under international law. This situation signals the rise of modern armed conflict, which is growing more intense and causing a crisis in International Humanitarian Law (IHL) enforcement. This study aims to describe modern armed conflict and its challenges to IHL. The research used a normative juridical approach and analyzed statutes. Legal materials reviewed included various international legal instruments, which were examined qualitatively and normatively. The results show that modern armed conflict challenges International Humanitarian Law with non-linear conflicts (conflicts with unclear frontlines or participants), proxy actors (groups acting on behalf of states), and cyber threats or propaganda. Therefore, IHL should be updated to include more comprehensive regulations

The rapid development of globalization and the acceleration of digital transformation have encouraged organizations to adopt more adaptive and collaborative work practices. In this context, collaborative culture has become a strategic element that plays a crucial role in enhancing organizational effectiveness and competitiveness. This study aims to comprehensively examine the concept, characteristics, forming factors, and theoretical foundations of collaborative culture in modern organizations. The research employs a qualitative approach through a literature review, analyzing reputable national and international journal articles, textbooks, and relevant institutional reports. Data analysis is conducted using a descriptive-analytical technique by synthesizing findings from previous studies. The results indicate that collaborative culture significantly contributes to improved communication quality, work coordination, adaptability, and both individual and organizational performance. Collaborative culture is shaped through the integration of shared vision, open communication, trust, willingness to share resources, collaborative leadership, flexible organizational structures, and the support of collaborative technologies. This study also highlights that the success of digital transformation largely depends on the strength of an effectively internalized collaborative culture. The findings are expected to provide a theoretical reference for organizations and researchers in developing sustainable collaborative culture strategies.

The rapid growth of the creative economy, particularly in the culinary subsector, has prompted micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to adopt digital marketing strategies as a means to enhance competitiveness and expand market reach. This study employs a systematic literature review (SLR) approach with content analysis to map key concepts, identify research gaps, and explore future research directions concerning the transformation of culinary MSMEs from local kitchens to digital markets. Findings reveal that organizational learning mediated by motivation, culture, leadership, and continuous digital marketing practices plays a pivotal role in this transformation. However, significant research gaps persist, including limited longitudinal studies, inadequate integration of organizational culture and leadership into digital marketing frameworks, and insufficient comparative analyses across diverse MSME profiles. This study contributes theoretically by synthesizing fragmented literature on culinary marketing in the digital creative economy and offers practical insights for MSME actors, mentors, and policymakers in designing adaptive and sustainable digital marketing strategies.

This study aims to analyze the effect of workload on employee loyalty at the Class I TPI Immigration Office in Jambi, with performance allowance policies acting as a mediating variable. The research employed a quantitative approach involving 88 respondents selected from the total employee population. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using statistical methods to examine both direct and indirect relationships among variables. The results indicate that employees generally perceive their workload as being at a moderate level; however, workload has a significant negative effect on employee loyalty. In contrast, performance allowance policies demonstrate a significant positive influence on loyalty. Furthermore, the findings reveal that performance allowance policies partially mediate the relationship between workload and employee loyalty, indicating their role in mitigating the negative impact of workload. These results suggest that effective performance allowance policies can enhance employee loyalty despite increasing workload demands. Therefore, organizations should balance workload management with fair and performance-based compensation policies to maintain employee loyalty.

This study explores strategies for mobilizing financial resources and multi-stakeholder participation in Islamic education financing to achieve institutional financial independence. The research was conducted at SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Yogyakarta, a private Islamic secondary school implementing a financing model based on Sharia values and Total Quality Management (TQM) principles. A qualitative case study approach was employed, utilizing primary data from in-depth interviews with school administrators and observations of financial management practices, as well as secondary data from budget plans, government funding reports, and cooperation documents with philanthropic institutions. Data were analyzed using an interactive model involving data reduction, data presentation, and inductive conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that financial independence is strengthened through diversified funding sources, including government support, parental contributions, Islamic philanthropy, and school-based business units. Transparency and accountability are maintained through open financial reporting and stakeholder involvement. The study highlights that integrated Islamic education financing aligned with Sharia values and TQM enhances institutional sustainability, educational quality, and organizational competitiveness.

Pricing is a critical factor determining the success of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the market. This study investigates the pricing strategy implemented by Kebab Ajo Lubeg, a culinary SME located near Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK Padang. The research aims to analyze how pricing methods are applied, the factors considered in price determination, and their influence on consumer purchasing decisions and business strategy. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collected through semi-structured interviews with the owner and employees, direct observation, and documentation of product offerings and pricing. Findings indicate that Kebab Ajo applies a combination of cost-based pricing, competition-based pricing, and product-based price variation to balance production costs, consumer purchasing power, and market competition. The pricing strategy significantly affects consumer satisfaction, repeat purchases, perceived value, brand image, and business competitiveness. This study provides practical insights for other SMEs in setting appropriate prices while maintaining customer loyalty and profitability, and it contributes to the academic discourse on marketing management and pricing strategies in the culinary sector.

This study aims to analyze the contribution of business innovation in increasing repeat orders in micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), with a case study on Nelzz Juice operating in MMTC, Medan City. The research employs a qualitative case study approach, combining in-depth interviews with the owner and staff, direct observation of business operations, and documentation analysis related to business strategies and sales data. The findings indicate that the innovations implemented by Nelzz Juice cover several aspects, namely product innovation, service innovation, and digital marketing strategy innovation. Product innovation is carried out through the selection of fresh and high-quality ingredients, the development of creative menu variations tailored to consumer preferences, and appealing product presentation. Service innovation is reflected in the improvement of service quality, faster order processing, and enhanced friendliness and interaction with customers. Meanwhile, digital marketing innovation has proven effective in expanding consumer reach, increasing engagement, and promoting customer loyalty. The study confirms that the consistent and sustainable application of innovation not only enhances customer satisfaction but also directly contributes to an increase in repeat order frequency. Therefore, business innovation can be considered a key strategy for MSMEs to face market competition, maintain business sustainability, and support sustainable economic growth.

Production planning and inventory control are critical aspects of operations management, as they directly influence cost efficiency, resource utilization, and the continuity of the production process. Ineffective planning and inventory decisions may lead to excessive costs, production delays, or imbalances between supply and demand. The complexity of these problems, which often involve multi-period horizons and multi-stage decision-making processes, has encouraged the application of quantitative optimization methods, one of which is dynamic programming. This study aims to analyze and synthesize the application of dynamic programming in production planning and inventory control through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The SLR process was conducted by systematically identifying, selecting, and analyzing 15 relevant national journal articles published between 2015 and 2024 and obtained from various recognized scientific databases. The reviewed literature indicates that dynamic programming is effective in supporting optimal decision-making by determining appropriate production quantities and inventory levels, minimizing total production and holding costs, and managing fluctuating demand conditions. In addition, this method helps reduce the risks associated with overstock and stockouts by considering sequential decision structures. However, the findings also reveal several limitations of dynamic programming, including high computational complexity, strong dependence on deterministic data assumptions, and limited flexibility in handling high levels of uncertainty. These constraints suggest the need for further methodological development or integration with other approaches to enhance practical applicability.

Oral literature is a form of storytelling from one individual to another in a concise manner as a representation of a society's culture. One type that is interesting to study in this field is legends. This study examines the Keong Mas legend using Burhan Nurgiyantoro's structuralism approach theory, which focuses on analyzing the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic elements in literary works. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method that aims to reveal the narrative structure and social and cultural meanings contained in the legend as a reflection of the moral values and local wisdom of the people of East Java. The information collection method used observation and note-taking. The results of the analysis show that the Keong Mas legend has a cohesive story structure, including theme, characters, plot, setting, and point of view, which simultaneously reflect the values of loyalty, justice, and family conflict in a socio-cultural context. These findings confirm the relevance of oral literature as a medium for the inheritance of living and evolving cultural values, and contribute to the understanding of cultural identity and literary aesthetics in Indonesia, especially in the East Java region.