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Community Service Learning (CSL) is a tangible manifestation of the implementation of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education, which aims to apply knowledge within the community, particularly in addressing economic challenges in rural areas. This study focuses on the effectiveness of the UIN SU student KKN programme in Sugihen Village, Juhar Subdistrict, Karo Regency, which carries the theme of economic empowerment of the community. The research method used a qualitative approach with participatory observation and practical demonstration techniques, directly involving the Sugihen Village community. The results showed that this programme significantly improved the participants’ knowledge and technical skills, transforming their roles from passive consumers to active producers. This training not only helped reduce household expenses but also opened up new business opportunities that had the potential to increase family income. Therefore, this KKN programme can serve as an effective strategic model for creating stable and independent community-based economic growth.

Indonesia, a country located in the Pacific Ring of Fire, has a high level of vulnerability to earthquakes. This condition demands an increase in the capacity of civil engineering human resources to design safe and disaster-resistant buildings. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of project-based learning training with a focus on the application of SNI 1726:2019, structural modeling using ETABS/RSA, lateral load calculations, and the design of simple earthquake-resistant houses. The research method involved final-year civil engineering students and alumni who participated in a series of trainings, with evaluations through pre-tests, post-tests, and design assessments. The results showed an increase in competency in all aspects, especially the understanding of the SNI 1726:2019 standard and lateral load calculations. In addition, participants were able to produce simple house designs that meet the basic criteria for earthquake resistance, material efficiency, and structural stability. These findings indicate that applied training can bridge the gap between academic theory and practical skills needed in the workplace. This research contributes to strengthening the capacity of civil engineering in supporting resilient infrastructure development and has important implications for the integration of similar training into higher education curricula and community service programs.

This study aims to analyze the effect of training on the performance of regional innovation data entry in Boyolali Regency in 2024 through the BI-SMART system. The population of this research consisted of 83 civil servants (ASN) serving as BI-SMART application operators, with a sample of 30 ASNs selected using purposive sampling. A quantitative approach was employed using a Likert-scale questionnaire, which was tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was performed using simple linear regression preceded by classical assumption tests (normality and heteroskedasticity tests). The results show that training has a positive and significant effect on the performance of innovation data entry, as evidenced by a t-value of 4.721 and a significance level of 0.000 (<0.05). These findings confirm that structured and practical training can improve the accuracy, completeness, and timeliness of data entry. The study contributes theoretically by strengthening the concepts of transfer of training, adult learning, and Kirkpatrick’s evaluation model, while practically providing strategic recommendations for the Boyolali Regency Government in designing more effective training programs to support data-driven regional innovation governance.

Islamic Religious Education (PAI) plays a crucial role in fostering good morals in students, enabling them to develop Islamic character and face the challenges of the times with strong spiritual values. However, the implementation of PAI teaching in the field often still prioritizes traditional lecture methods, which lead to less student participation, boredom, and less than satisfactory learning outcomes. This small study aims to explore the PAI learning models and strategies implemented by teachers at the Al-Hidayah Foundation, the challenges they face, and their impact on students. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study method through in-depth interviews with PAI teachers. The results revealed that teachers have begun to integrate lecture methods with more innovative learning strategies such as contextual, cooperative, and technology-based, although their implementation has not always been consistent. The main challenges faced include limited infrastructure, a lack of professional training for teachers, and low learning motivation among some students. The visible impact is increased student engagement in the learning process when innovative strategies are implemented, although their effectiveness still needs to be strengthened with support from the institution and parents. Therefore, the Islamic Religious Education teachers at the Al-Hidayah Foundation not only function as teachers, but also as motivators and facilitators in the learning process to ensure that the goals of Islamic education can be achieved properly.

Mosques play a strategic role as centers of worship and community development at the local level, serving not only as places of worship but also as spaces for non-formal religious education. However, many rural mosques are experiencing declining functionality due to limited facilities, human resources, and a lack of sustainable programs. This condition is evident in the Al-Karomah Mosque in Kalibundar Hamlet, where religious activities have declined due to the lack of sustainability of the Al-Qur'an Education Park (TPA) program. This community service activity aims to revitalize the function of the mosque by strengthening the TPA by emphasizing the instilling of religious moderation values ​​and increasing community participation. The method used is Participatory Action Research (PAR) involving mosque administrators, TPA teachers, community leaders, and parents of students through observation, interviews, and documentation of activities. The program implemented includes improving TPA management, teacher training, developing a simple curriculum based on religious moderation, and reactivating Quran recitation activities and habituating worship. The results of the activity indicate an increase in interest in learning the Quran, strengthening the values ​​of tolerance and togetherness, increasing community participation, and growing awareness of the importance of religious moderation. Thus, revitalizing prayer rooms through strengthening TPA is effective in strengthening religiosity while building social harmony based on religious moderation. The method used in this article is Participatory Action Research (PAR), involving mushola management, TPA teachers, community leaders, and parents of students through field observations, interviews with religious figures, and activity documentation. Program activities include improving TPA management, teacher training, developing a simple curriculum based on religious moderation, and reactivating Qur’anic learning and regular worship activities. The results of the program show: (1) increased interest in learning the Qur'an among children and youth, (2) strengthened values of tolerance, togetherness, and social awareness, (3) growing community participation in religious activities, (4) the role of the mushola as a center of religious moderation at the hamlet level, (5) increased participation of students and community members, (6) rising awareness of the importance of religious moderation, and (7) the reestablishment of Mushola Al-Karomah as a center of community religious activities. Thus, revitalizing the mushola through the TPA has proven effective in strengthening religious values while building social harmony based on religious moderation

The spirituality of today’s church youth encounters multidimensional challenges, particularly the pervasive influence of digital culture, the gradual decline in interest toward spiritual disciplines, and the weakening of involvement in ecclesial ministry. Such dynamics often create a gap between theological knowledge and lived faith experiences. This Community Service (PkM) initiative was designed to respond to these issues by implementing an interactive model aimed at enhancing the spiritual understanding of the youth at GKSI Trimorejo Congregation. The model emphasizes participatory learning processes, in which youth are not merely passive recipients of teaching but active contributors to collective faith formation. The methodological framework consisted of three main stages: initial observation to identify needs and spiritual conditions; preparation of training modules contextualized with the congregation’s realities; and the implementation of interactive activities such as group discussions, thematic Bible studies, role-play, and collective reflection. Evaluation strategies integrated both quantitative and qualitative approaches, including pre-tests and post-tests to measure cognitive growth, alongside participatory interviews to capture experiential insights. The findings reveal a notable increase in youth comprehension of biblical principles, heightened enthusiasm and participation in church programs, and the establishment of a more cohesive spiritual learning community. Furthermore, the process encouraged a deeper sense of belonging and responsibility among the participants toward their ecclesial environment. In conclusion, the interactive model demonstrates significant effectiveness in fostering youth spirituality and may serve as a viable alternative strategy for churches encountering similar challenges within contemporary contexts of ministry.

To respond to the challenges and needs of contemporary society, the public sector must rapidly adapt to digital transformation. The objective of this research is to examine relevant and adaptive human resource development strategies for the digital ecosystem and to evaluate how they impact the quality of public services in the era of technological disruption. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature review and policy analysis. It analyzes best practices from government institutions, both national and international, in developing human resources oriented towards the digital era. Key findings indicate that optimizing human resources requires not only improving technological capabilities or digital expertise; it also requires reconstructing leadership paradigms, flexible organizational cultures, and implementing meritocratic systems and data-driven performance management. It is evident that technologies such as big data analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and the Internet of Things (IoT) can help improve public services, but the success of these technologies depends heavily on the capabilities and readiness of the employees who manage these systems. An integrated digital talent ecosystem must be built, encompassing continuous training (learning for life), collaboration between government, academia, and business (the triple helix model), and a regulatory framework responsive to technological developments. Furthermore, it is emphasized that developing digital integrity and ethics is crucial as a pillar of good governance in the digital era. Optimizing human resource development strategies systematically and sustainably will enable Indonesia to improve the efficiency of public services and strengthen the competitiveness of its bureaucracy globally. By 2045, adaptable, innovative, and highly integrated human resources will be the primary drivers of a digital government transformation that is inclusive, responsive, and future-oriented.

Learning Islamic Religious Education (PAI) requires a systematic and adaptive approach to address the challenges of student development in the modern era. The ADDIE model, which encompasses needs analysis and continuous evaluation, is considered effective in developing PAI learning. This study aims to examine the application of ADDIE-based PAI learning design in enhancing learning independence. The method used is library research by reviewing journals, books, and scientific documents related to the ADDIE model, PAI learning, and learning independence. Data were analyzed using a content analysis approach to identify patterns and relevance between variables. The results show that each stage of the ADDIE model plays a crucial role in strengthening student learning independence, through the design of structured learning activities, interactive media, and evaluations that encourage self-reflection. The implications of this study emphasize the need for consistent application of the ADDIE model by PAI teachers to improve the quality of learning and the formation of independent character. Schools also need to support resources and training for optimal implementation of the ADDIE model.

The Ar-Royyan Islamic boarding school is a multi-level Islamic educational institution with a focus on preparing graduates who are ready to synergize with the society. To attain this objective, it is imperative to have educational personnel well-versed in the field of information technology. One strategic approach involves training Ustadz and prospective Ustadz through digital learning innovations. Open Broadcast Software (OBS) emerges as an innovative choice for crafting learning materials because it supports various media sources and offers user-friendly settings. Participants can combine video recordings, video from cameras, text, images, sound, and so on the types of input received. The resulting output manifests in the form of the videos available in common formats such as MKV, MOV, FLV, MP4, and MPEG-TS. Evaluation was conducted using a pre-test and post-test, consisting of a response questionnaire and Likert scale. The results indicate an enhanced understanding of OBS among participants, employed in the creation of digital learning media. The majority of participants responded positively to the conducted activities. Several elements that need attention in promoting the use of OBS for learning media creation include color selection, motivational delivery, and effective word choice. Combining OBS with other editing applications can yield unique variations of learning media, incorporating elements such as images, sound, video, and other supported media editing applications

Increasing competition in the food industry requires companies to not only focus on product innovation and market expansion but also on strengthening internal human resource capabilities through long-term strategies. PT. Surya Pratista Hutama addresses this challenge by implementing a Talent Management Sistem (TMS) designed to identify, develop, and retain high-potential employees (HiPos), while simultaneously ensuring sustainable leadership development and succession planning. This study employed a qualitative case study approach by utilizing observations, in-depth interviews, and a paper review to obtain comprehensive insights into the company’s practices. The findings reveal that the identification of HiPos is carried out through a rigorous and consistent process using the 9-box grid as a key assessment tool. The emphasis on consistency in evaluation highlights the organization’s effort to ensure fairness and accuracy. Employee development is facilitated through multiple strategies, including formal training, mentoring programs, job rotation, and other structured learning initiatives. Retention strategies focus on providing competitive compensation packages, developing financial literacy skills, and fostering a collaborative organizational culture that values employee contributions. The implementation of TMS at PT. Surya Pratista Hutama has shown positive impacts, particularly in reducing employee turnover rates and improving leadership performance. However, the study also identifies several challenges, especially related to the need for clearer procedural guidelines and more specific development strategies to optimize outcomes. Overall, this research demonstrates that a well-structured TMS can serve as an effective mechanism for building sustainable human resource capabilities in highly competitive industries such as food manufacturing.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of ICT-based media training in enhancing the competence of religious counselors. The training focuses on developing counselors' digital and communication skills, enabling them to proficiently create, manage, and utilize ICT media for religious education. Using a structured Service-Learning approach, the program consists of four stages: initial needs assessment and planning, implementation with a pre-assessment, post-training evaluation conducted via Google Forms, and subsequent mentoring to reinforce skill application. The results indicate significant advancements in counselors' ability to employ ICT media in engaging and relevant ways that align with modern educational demands. Through this training, counselors are better equipped to deliver religious content that appeals to a broad audience, thereby enhancing the accessibility and effectiveness of religious guidance in today’s digital environment. Findings demonstrate that ICT-based training serves as an effective method for equipping religious educators with vital digital skills, ultimately supporting their role in providing impactful religious counseling within contemporary contexts..

Background: Maritime engineering has traditionally relied on reactive and preventive maintenance strategies, often leading to operational inefficiencies, unplanned downtime, and excessive costs. With the rise of smart ship technologies, predictive maintenance (PdM) has emerged as a data-driven solution, leveraging sensor-based monitoring and real-time diagnostics to optimize ship maintenance. However, its integration into maritime education remains underexplored, particularly in training vessels used for vocational learning. Original Value: This research contributes new insights into the feasibility, effectiveness, and educational relevance of predictive maintenance in maritime vocational training. Unlike previous studies that focus on commercial ship applications, this study examines PdM within the context of training vessels at Poltekpel SULUT, bridging the gap between academic training and industry expectations. Objectives: The study seeks to answer: How does predictive maintenance improve the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and reliability of naval auxiliary systems in training vessels? Methodology: A qualitative approach was employed, integrating sensor-based performance analysis, structured interviews, and questionnaire surveys involving cadets, instructors, and industry professionals. Data were analyzed through thematic categorization, cross-group comparisons, and narrative synthesis. Results: PdM demonstrated high effectiveness in reducing downtime (92/100), optimizing maintenance efficiency (91/100), and aligning with industry practices (89/100). However, challenges in sensor accuracy (85/100) and training integration were identified. Conclusions: The findings highlight the necessity of incorporating predictive maintenance into maritime training curricula to equip future engineers with the skills required for Industry 4.0 maintenance solutions, ensuring better operational efficiency and sustainability in the maritime sector.

This article discusses the practice of Civic Education through the implementation of Project Citizen in civic education in Indonesia. Taken from 15 scientific journals from 2019-2024, this study aims to explore students' understanding of active citizenship With a qualitative approach and literature review method, the application of interactive learning methods, challenges in implementation, and the positive impact produced by Project Citizen. The results of the study show that Project Citizen significantly improves students' understanding of the rights and obligations as citizens and their involvement in social issues in the community. Students involved in this project not only learn the theory, but are also able to apply it in practice, thus becoming active agents of change. However, the study also identified a number of challenges, such as lack of support from schools and limited teacher competence, that could hinder the effectiveness of project implementation. Positive impacts seen include increased student civic engagement and a sense of responsibility for the surrounding environment. Therefore, this article recommends increased support from schools, training for teachers, and collaboration between schools, parents, and communities as strategic steps to optimize the implementation of Project Citizen and improve the quality of civic education in Indonesia.

The implementation of teaching and learning activities in Indonesia is guided by the Curriculum. The curriculum is developed and refined in line with the rapid development of science and technology and the evolution of society. In the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, major changes have occurred in the world of education, especially in Indonesia, with a shift from direct learning in classrooms to distance education based on digital technology. The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of implementing the Independent Curriculum at SDN 060826 Kec. Medan Area. Through this approach, it is hoped to obtain a clearer picture of the effectiveness of the curriculum in improving the quality of education as well as identifying obstacles and opportunities that arise in its implementation. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method to analyze the effect of implementing the Merdeka Curriculum at SDN 060826 Kec. Medan Area. Research conducted by researchers at SDN 060826 Kec. Medan Area, it can be seen that they always regularly attend training from both the principal and teachers and to strengthen teachers' understanding of the Independent Learning Curriculum, teachers always hold monthly meetings with the Teacher Working Group (KKG) to resolve various problems related to the Independent Learning Curriculum. as well as to increase teacher competence in the process of teaching and learning activities.

This study investigates the simultaneous and individual effects of School-Based Management (SBM), principal supervision, transformational leadership, and work culture on the performance of junior high school teachers in Serang City, Indonesia. Against the backdrop of the Merdeka Curriculum and the shift to hybrid learning in the post-pandemic era, the research addresses persistent challenges such as hierarchical school cultures and technological disparities. Employing a quantitative ex post facto approach, data were collected from 316 teachers across public and private schools through structured questionnaires, classroom observations, and document analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis reveals that SBM, principal supervision, transformational leadership, and work culture each have significant and positive impacts on teacher performance, with transformational leadership and work culture exerting the most substantial influence. The results demonstrate that 74% of the variance in teacher performance can be explained by these four organizational factors, underscoring their critical role in shaping pedagogical competence, classroom management, and professional development. The study further highlights the necessity for comprehensive managerial training, the integration of technology in supervisory practices, and the cultivation of collaborative and innovative work cultures. Practical recommendations include enhancing principal leadership capacity, fostering instructional supervision, and investing in digital infrastructure to support sustainable improvements in teacher performance. The findings contribute to the body of knowledge on educational management in Indonesia and offer actionable insights for policymakers, school leaders, and educators aiming to strengthen teacher effectiveness amidst ongoing educational reforms and digital transformation.

The integration of blockchain technology with Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) presents a promising solution for optimizing resource allocation and ensuring security in decentralized network environments, particularly in 5G and 6G network slicing. This research proposes a model that combines the security features of blockchain with the adaptive, decentralized decision-making capabilities of MARL. Blockchain ensures the integrity and transparency of resource allocation by providing a secure, tamper-proof ledger for transaction validation, while MARL allows agents to dynamically allocate resources based on real-time network conditions. The simulation results demonstrate significant improvements in resource allocation efficiency, fairness among users, and resilience to cyberattacks. By combining these two technologies, the proposed model overcomes many of the challenges posed by traditional centralized systems and offers an enhanced, secure, and fair solution for resource distribution in future mobile networks. However, scalability remains a challenge, especially in large-scale networks where transaction processing and consensus overhead can create bottlenecks. Additionally, training complexity in MARL models presents computational challenges, particularly in highly dynamic network environments. The model's performance trade-offs, including the balance between high security and system overhead, are also discussed. Future research should focus on optimizing blockchain consensus mechanisms to improve scalability and enhancing MARL model training techniques to reduce computational costs and improve real-time decision-making. This integration holds significant potential for revolutionizing resource allocation in 5G and 6G networks, enabling more efficient, secure, and fair management of network resources in the increasingly complex and decentralized digital ecosystem

This research aims to describe the collaboration between teachers and parents in meeting the learning needs of students with speech delays at Karangan 1 State Kindergarten. It focuses on examining strategies applied to overcome learning barriers while identifying both supporting and inhibiting factors in the practice of inclusive education. The central concern is how interaction and cooperation between home and school create a consistent, responsive learning environment for children with special needs. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design, the study was conducted for one trimester of the 2024/2025 academic year. Research participants included classroom teachers, parents of children with speech delays, and relevant documentation related to inclusive education policies. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document studies, with interview guides and observation sheets as instruments. Validity was ensured through triangulation and member checking, while data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model: reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. Findings reveal active teacher-parent collaboration characterized by regular communication, joint discussion of learning strategies, and parental involvement in school programs. Supporting factors include open communication, shared commitment, and policy support, while obstacles involve limited teacher training, insufficient learning media, and lack of access to speech therapy specialists. The study highlights the need for continuous inclusive training, adequate learning resources, and regular communication forums to optimize education for children with speech delays.

Extreme poverty remains a major challenge in rural areas of Indonesia, including Nagori Bandar Manik, Pamatang Sidamanik District, Simalungun Regency. The 2025 UINSU Community Service Program (KKN) was carried out to empower local communities through various activities covering economic, educational, religious, social-environmental, and health aspects. This program employed a qualitative approach by involving active community participation in needs assessment, socialization, training, and evaluation. In the economic aspect, workshops on dishwashing liquid and herbal pesticide production were implemented as alternative household businesses. The educational sector included religious moderation through a short movie screening Mabbere, anti-bullying campaigns, ecoprint totebag training, and teaching at kindergarten, elementary, and junior high school levels. In the religious field, activities included Qur’an learning after Maghrib with children and Yasin recitals for both men and women. The social-environmental aspect was realized through community clean-up, educational boards on waste decomposition, distribution of garbage bins, and environmental awareness campaigns. Meanwhile, the health aspect focused on education about clean and healthy living behaviors, stunting prevention campaigns, and community exercise. The findings revealed improvements in entrepreneurial skills, children’s literacy, spiritual values, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. The implication highlights that multidimensional community empowerment can serve as an effective strategy to reduce extreme poverty and promote sustainable village development.  

Early childhood education is a fundamental stage in shaping children's cognitive, social, emotional, and motor development. However, learning practices in many early childhood institutions still rely on conventional methods that make children passive and less engaged. This community service program was implemented at PAUD Alamanda in Padamaju Village with a focus on introducing color concepts through play-based learning strategies. The objective of this program was to enhance the quality of science learning that is more interactive, enjoyable, and developmentally appropriate, while also strengthening teachers’ capacity in designing innovative learning strategies. The method applied was Participatory Action Research, conducted in several stages including observation and coordination, teacher training, implementation of play activities with children, and reflection and evaluation. The results revealed that children became more enthusiastic, successfully recognized primary and secondary colors, and demonstrated improvements in fine motor skills, creativity, and social interaction. Teachers also gained new insights into the application of more varied and innovative teaching methods. Overall, this program successfully bridged the gap between early childhood education theories emphasizing play-based learning and classroom practices, and contributed positively to the improvement of early childhood education quality.

This research examines the influence of transactional leadership and the entrepreneurial competence of school principals on the effectiveness of education financing in primary and secondary education settings. Effective education financing is essential to ensure that limited resources are allocated optimally to improve learning quality, infrastructure, and institutional sustainability. Transactional leadership—marked by clear performance standards, reward and punishment mechanisms, and strict supervision—provides a structured framework for financial accountability and goal achievement. Entrepreneurial competence, on the other hand, equips principals with the ability to recognize funding opportunities, innovate in revenue generation, and manage financial risks. The study adopts a quantitative survey design involving school principals and financial management personnel from a representative sample of public and private schools. Data were collected using validated questionnaires and analyzed through multiple regression to measure the direct and combined effects of the two independent variables on education financing effectiveness. The findings reveal that both transactional leadership and entrepreneurial competence significantly and positively affect financial effectiveness. Transactional leadership strengthens transparency and budget discipline, while entrepreneurial competence fosters diversification of funding sources and innovative financial strategies. These results highlight the strategic importance of integrating leadership development with entrepreneurial training for school principals. Strengthening these competencies not only enhances financial planning and accountability but also reduces dependence on a single funding source, supporting long-term educational sustainability. Future studies are encouraged to explore additional mediating factors such as organizational culture, technological infrastructure, and community involvement to provide a more comprehensive understanding of education financing dynamics.