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Illegal logging is a form of environmental crime that has a serious impact on forest destruction, loss of biodiversity, and disruption of ecosystem balance. This study aims to analyze law enforcement efforts against illegal logging practices in the Kwala Serapuh Village Forest area. The method used in this study is an empirical juridical approach with data collection through interviews, field observations, and documentation. The results of the study show that despite the existence of regulations governing forest protection, law enforcement still faces various obstacles such as weak supervision, limited resources of law enforcement officials, and the involvement of individuals in these illegal practices. Efforts made include taking action against perpetrators, increasing patrols, and empowering communities around the forest. However, the effectiveness of law enforcement still needs to be improved through inter-institutional synergy, strengthening the capacity of the apparatus, and increasing community participation. This study concludes that law enforcement against illegal logging in the Kwala Serapuh Village Forest is still not optimal and requires a more comprehensive approach.

The digital era has brought significant changes in the way humans access, store, and share information. Amidst these technological advances, major challenges have emerged to the protection of individual privacy rights. Personal information is increasingly easy to collect and process by various parties, both by state institutions, technology companies, and individual users. On the other hand, the need for freedom of information is also increasing, especially in the context of transparency, public participation, and data openness. The balance between cybersecurity and freedom of information is a crucial issue that must be addressed comprehensively. This paper aims to examine the protection of privacy rights in the digital era by highlighting the tension between data security efforts and demands for information openness. The method used is a literature study with a qualitative approach. The results of the study show that privacy protection requires clear regulations, such as the Personal Data Protection Law in Indonesia, as well as public awareness in protecting personal data. On the other hand, freedom of information must still be maintained so that it is not misused to violate individual rights. Therefore, a balanced approach is needed between regulation, education, and technology to create a digital space that is safe, fair, and respects human rights.  

Engine overheating is a critical condition that can cause damage to internal components, reduce operational efficiency, and lead to overall system failure. The absence of an automatic protection system is one of the primary factors contributing to damage. This study aims to design and test a temperature sensor-based safety device that can automatically cut off the engine's working system when the temperature exceeds the safe limit. The method used is descriptive statistical analysis to evaluate the effect of independent variables (operational time duration and workload) on the dependent variable (coolant temperature). The system was tested through water heating simulation using an electric heater and controlled by an Arduino Nano microcontroller, a MAX6675 temperature sensor. Testing was carried out with variations in power load (150, 300, 450, 600, and 750 Watts) and operational duration (20, 40, and 60 minutes). Temperature data were collected and analyzed using ANOVA to determine the effect of load and time on temperature increase. The results showed that the temperature increased significantly with increasing power load, with temperatures approaching 100°C at loads ≥450 Watts in less than 20 minutes. The load variable shows a significant effect on temperature (p < 0.05), while the duration of time shows a nonlinear but not statistically significant upward trend. The safety device is proven to be able to automatically disconnect the system when the temperature reaches the specified maximum limit, thus effectively preventing engine damage due to overheating.

This study aims to examine the perspectives of students from the Islamic Family Law (HKI) Study Program regarding Ministerial Regulation of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (Permendikbudristek) No. 30 of 2021 concerning the Prevention and Handling of Sexual Violence in Higher Education Institutions. Particular focus is given to Article 5 paragraph 2, which contains the phrase “without the victim’s consent,” a clause that has sparked considerable public debate. This qualitative field research was conducted at the Faculty of Sharia, UIN Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi, involving 17 final-semester students selected using a snowball sampling technique. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and documentation, then analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that most students had limited understanding of the regulation due to the lack of socialization and outreach within the university. Moreover, the majority expressed concern over the phrase “without the victim’s consent,” which they viewed as ambiguous and potentially legitimizing consensual sexual relations outside of marriage—a practice prohibited in Islamic law. While the students supported the need for legal protection against sexual violence, they called for the revision of the regulation to align more closely with the principles of fiqh and Islamic jurisprudence. Thus, the effective implementation of this policy within Islamic higher education institutions requires the harmonization of state law and Islamic values.

The rapid expansion of fintech lending services, particularly cross-border peer-to-peer (P2P) lending, has created significant legal challenges concerning consumer protection. This study examines whether existing legal frameworks adequately safeguard consumer rights within the borderless digital lending environment. Utilizing a normative-juridical method combined with a comparative approach, the research analyzes Indonesia’s regulatory structure alongside selected international frameworks. The findings reveal substantial gaps in consumer protection, exacerbated by the proliferation of illegal online lending platforms, regulatory fragmentation across jurisdictions, and the misuse of personal data. National regulations often prove insufficient to address complex cross-border legal issues. This study underscores the urgency of global regulatory harmonization, enhanced national oversight mechanisms, and improved digital literacy among consumers. It concludes with recommendations for regulatory reform, the establishment of international supervisory cooperation, and the strengthening of institutional roles, particularly by financial and communication authorities, to ensure robust consumer protection in the evolving fintech lending ecosystem.

Drug abuse is a complex and evolving legal problem in Indonesia. Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics strictly regulates provisions for drug users, both in terms of criminal penalties and rehabilitation. In practice, drug users are often treated as criminals and sentenced to imprisonment, although normatively the law also provides opportunities for rehabilitation as a form of protection and recovery. This study aims to examine the legal provisions for drug users from a legal perspective, analyze the role of Legal Aid Institutions (LBH) in handling drug abuse cases, and identify obstacles faced in implementing such legal assistance. The methods used are normative legal and sociological legal approaches, with data collection techniques through literature and documentation. The results of the study indicate that drug users should have access to rehabilitation, not just punishment. LBH plays a crucial role in providing legal assistance and advocating for the implementation of restorative justice. However, several obstacles remain, such as limited resources, a lack of understanding among law enforcement officials, and public stigma. Joint efforts are needed between the government, LBH, and the community to realize fair legal protection for drug users.  

This research discusses "The Dynamics of Agrarian Conflicts: Political Perspectives of Land Rights (Case Study of the Conflict Between PT. Swarna Cinde Raya with residents of Pangkalan Benteng Village, Talang Kelapa District, Banyuasin Regency)''. It aims to find out the causes and development of the dynamics of agrarian conflicts between the residents of Pangkalan Benteng Village and PT Swarna Cinde Raya. The research method used was qualitative. With primary data, namely residents of Pangkalan Benteng village, Banyuasin Regency. Data collection techniques through interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that first. The agrarian conflict between the residents of Pangkalan Benteng Village and PT Swarna Cinde Raya occurred due to overlapping land claims, land evictions by the company, and the slow response of the government and law enforcement. The main causes are ownership disputes, human rights violations, and lack of transparency in the resolution of cases by the authorities. Second,  the agrarian conflict between the residents of Pangkalan Benteng Village and PT Swarna Cinde Raya (PT SCR) has been going on since 2009. PT SCR claims that the 200 hectares of land managed by residents for generations has now been reduced to 80 hectares. The company put up prohibition signs based on the Agrarian Cases Law, causing intimidation and uncertainty for residents. Residents feel that their rights have been deprived, suffered losses due to evictions, and have received a slow response from the government and law enforcement. South Sumatra's Ministry of Law and Human Rights recommends a settlement through legal channels, but the slow and lack of transparency creates public distrust and risks escalating conflicts. This conflict reflects structural problems of agrarian management in Indonesia, such as power imbalances, overlapping regulations, and weak protection of indigenous peoples' rights. A just settlement must prioritize transparency, community participation, and respect for human rights so that conflicts do not spread.

Evaluating system security is a crucial step in preventing data breaches and application disruptions. This research focuses on evaluating the security of the E-Office Desa application in Sumedang Regency using the Indeks KAMI as its assessment method. Indeks KAMI is designed to measure the maturity level and effectiveness of information security management within an organization. The data processed was collected from questionnaires distributed to village officials in Sumedang Regency. This evaluation covers six main domains: Governance, Risk Management, Information Security Framework, Asset Management, Information Technology and Security, and Personal Data Protection. Based on the analysis of the data obtained from the questionnaire distribution, the security level of the E-Office Desa application in Sumedang Regency is at maturity level III, which indicates "sufficient" security. However, several improvements and enhancements are still needed in certain security aspects to protect the sensitive data contained within the E-Office Desa application's database.

Digital transformation has brought significant changes to the payment system in Indonesia, shifting from cash-based transactions to non-cash payment methods. This study aims to examine the role and policies of Bank Indonesia in supporting the use of technology through digital payment systems. The method used is descriptive qualitative, relying on secondary data from various credible sources. The findings indicate that Bank Indonesia has taken strategic steps through policies such as the implementation of QRIS, the development of BI-FAST, the National Standard for Open API Payments (SNAP), and the Digital Rupiah initiative. These policies have successfully strengthened the national payment system by providing services that are fast, secure, accessible, and support the expansion of financial inclusion. However, challenges remain, particularly in terms of user data protection and the need for regulations that are responsive to technological developments. The results highlight the importance of adaptive policies and cross-sector collaboration in creating an efficient and sustainable digital payment system.

This study highlights the role of packaging design in attracting consumers and building brand loyalty in a competitive market. As a growing bakery brand in DKI Jakarta, Bakerman faces challenges in maintaining customer loyalty amid intense competition. Packaging design not only serves as product protection but also as a communication tool that shapes consumer perceptions of product quality and value. This study aims to analyze how packaging design elements, such as color, typography, and materials, influence Bakerman’s brand loyalty. Using a quantitative approach through surveys, data is collected from consumers in DKI Jakarta and analyzed using linear regression to understand the relationship between packaging design and brand loyalty. The findings are expected to contribute to the field of visual communication design and consumer behavior. Practically, this research provides strategic recommendations for Bakerman to optimize packaging design in strengthening customer loyalty and market competitiveness.

The Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) is known as an important tourist destination, and tourism development requires an increase in both demand and supply sides. Transportation, especially Tugu Yogyakarta Station managed by PT Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI), is an important element in the offer aspect. PT KAI seeks to improve the quality of service by relocating residents from the Bong Suwung area in Gedongtengen District to facilitate the arrangement of the area around the station. This process involves the socialization and execution stages to reduce conflicts with residents. Yogyakarta Mayor Regulation Number 121 of 2020 regulates the role of urban villages in providing protection for the community. This study uses a qualitative approach focusing on policy research with. The research location is in Bong Suwung, Pringgokusuman Village, Gedongtengen Village, Yogyakarta City. Data is collected by observation, interview, and documentation techniques, primary and secondary data are integrated in the context of analysis, informance is determined by propursive sampling. The results of the study show that even though the Village has carried out data collection, socialization, and coordination with related parties, the aspect of economic empowerment for ex-prostitutes is still very minimal. The reluctance of the Village to be more involved in the training and economic empowerment program, on the grounds that the program is not part of the activities of the Yogyakarta City Government, creates a gap in coordination between institutions and hinders the socio-economic recovery of the affected communities.

Gender equality in the workforce is a fundamental issue closely linked to human rights and sustainable economic development. This study examines the paradox in the implementation of maternity leave rights as part of the legal protection for female workers—where a right intended to provide protection instead becomes a barrier during recruitment processes. The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between the provisions on maternity leave rights and the principle of legal equality in the workplace, as well as to identify efforts that companies can undertake to protect female workers from discrimination and to promote gender equality. This study employs normative legal research methods with a qualitative approach by analyzing various national and international regulations related to the protection of female workers. Primary data were obtained through an in-depth review of Undang-Undang No. 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan, Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, and their implementing regulations, as well as international conventions such as CEDAW and ILO standards. The analysis was carried out using a deductive approach to identify the gap between legal norms and the reality of their implementation in practice.

The digital revolution in global health presents great opportunities and challenges through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), big data and telemedicine. However, the absence of a transcendent ethical foundation in the development of medical technology risks undermining human values and justice. This study aims to critically examine the direction of digital health development by integrating the ethical and spiritual values of the Qur'an. The method used is a critical qualitative approach based on library research, with normative analysis of verses related to health principles, information ethics, and maqāṣid al-syarī'ah. The results of the study show that in QS. Al-Isrā': 70 emphasizes human dignity as the basis for medical data protection; likewise in QS. Al-Syu'arā': 80 emphasizes that healing is divine and should not be separated from spiritual values; while in QS. Al-Baqarah: 286 provides guidance on the limits of responsibility and human capabilities in the utilization of technology. The critical discussion underlines the importance of building Qur'anic-based digital ethics that emphasize justice ('adālah), trustworthiness, and compassion (raḥmah) in designing equitable and inclusive artificial intelligence (AI) systems and remote health services. It is hoped that this study will provide recommendations for the development of Qur'anic Digital Ethics as a future normative framework for global digital health innovation.

The digital revolution in global health presents great opportunities and challenges through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), big data and telemedicine. However, the absence of a transcendent ethical foundation in the development of medical technology risks undermining human values and justice. This study aims to critically examine the direction of digital health development by integrating the ethical and spiritual values of the Qur'an. The method used is a critical qualitative approach based on library research, with normative analysis of verses related to health principles, information ethics, and maqāṣid al-syarī'ah. The results of the study show that in QS. Al-Isrā': 70 emphasizes human dignity as the basis for medical data protection; likewise in QS. Al-Syu'arā': 80 emphasizes that healing is divine and should not be separated from spiritual values; while in QS. Al-Baqarah: 286 provides guidance on the limits of responsibility and human capabilities in the utilization of technology. The critical discussion underlines the importance of building Qur'anic-based digital ethics that emphasize justice ('adālah), trustworthiness, and compassion (raḥmah) in designing equitable and inclusive artificial intelligence (AI) systems and remote health services. It is hoped that this study will provide recommendations for the development of Qur'anic Digital Ethics as a future normative framework for global digital health innovation.

This study evaluates the implementation of water source conservation and conservation forest policies in Tuban Regency that integrate collaborative methods between various parties and local wisdom. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with staff from the Environmental Service, representatives of environmental NGOs, traditional leaders, and local communities, coupled with field observations related to the “Adopt a Spring” and “Forest School” programs. The results of the study indicate that the success of the policy is not only supported by local regulations, but also by collaboration involving the government, local communities, the private sector, and educational institutions. Local wisdom, such as the “nyadran sumber” ceremony and traditional protected forest methods, increase the legitimacy and effectiveness of environmental protection. However, obstacles arise as a result of lack of funds, economic pressures, and changes in values ​​among the younger generation. This study suggests sustainability education and cross-sector collaboration forums, strengthening sustainable economic schemes based on ecotourism and agroforestry, and contextual environmental education to maintain the sustainability of the program. These results confirm that conservation policies integrated with local wisdom and cross-sector collaboration can be an innovative model for other regions, while strengthening the paradigm of sustainable development that is responsive to the existing socio-cultural context.

Interest in investing in Indonesia's capital market has increased, especially among the younger generation. However, this phenomenon has not been fully accompanied by adequate financial literacy. This study aims to analyze the effect of financial literacy on young people's investment interest in the capital market. The study used a quantitative approach with a survey method of 250 respondents aged 18-30 years in the Jabodetabek area. The instrument was a Likert questionnaire measuring three dimensions of financial literacy: knowledge, attitude, and behavior. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The expected results include identification of the most influential dimensions of literacy, as well as financial education recommendations. This research contributes to OJK policy and digital technology-based education as a form of protection for young investors.

The complexity of the financial services sector necessitates effective dispute resolution mechanisms. This study analyzes the implementation of financial services dispute mediation by OJK DIY under OJK Regulation No. 1/LAPS-SJK/I/2021 and explores procedural constraints. An empirical juridical method with qualitative approach was employed through in-depth interviews with OJK DIY officials and consumers utilizing mediation services, supplemented by secondary data from official documents and related regulations analyzed descriptively. Findings reveal a low mediation success rate of 18.67% from 2,501 complaints in 2023 with an average resolution duration of 10 working days. Primary obstacles include digital gaps in service access, insufficient legal and financial literacy among the public, bargaining power disparities between consumers and financial institutions, and limited program socialization. The research recommends transforming OJK DIY's mediation system through enhanced digital access, strengthened consumer education, equalized bargaining positions, and intensified socialization. This study contributes to developing more efficient and equitable dispute resolution policies and provides strategic recommendations for improving consumer protection in Indonesia's financial services sector.

Nursing as a profession, is limited by self-regulation in the form of a code of ethics of killing. The code of ethics of extermination is the basic reference for nurses in carrying out their profession, both in relation to the use of extermination technology and knowledge. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the principle of protection ethics and the quality of service in the inpatient room of Bakti Tin Karimun Hospital. The design of this study was cross-sectional with a sample size of 84 respondents, namely patients in the inpatient room using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a prevention ethics questionnaire to measure the application of the principle of prevention ethics and a prevention service questionnaire to measure the quality of service. Data were analyzed through a chi-square statistical test P Value of 0.007 <0.05, which means that there is a significant relationship between the application of the principle of protection ethics and the quality of protection services in the inpatient room of Bakti Tin Karimun Hospital. So the more optimal the application of protection ethics, the better the quality of protection services. Nurses are expected to be able to apply the principle of optimal care ethics in providing care to patients so that the quality of service in inpatient care is good.

The use of the Digital Population Identity (IKD) application in Tanjungpinang City aims to provide convenience and protection to the public in accessing digital population administration services. However, distrust of the digital system is also a barrier. The public often feels worried about the security of their personal data and the reliability of the system used. In addition, counseling and training for the public on the use of information technology is often lacking, resulting in low community involvement in existing services. The purpose of this study was to measure the effectiveness of the use of the Digital Population Identity (IKD) application in terms of population administration in Tanjungpinang City. The method used is a descriptive quantitative method with a population of 1,271 people and a sample of 93 people, and using data collection tools in the form of documentation and filling out questionnaires or surveys using Subagyo's theory (2000) on indicators of effectiveness measurement. The results of the study showed that the accuracy of the target with an average value of 77.00, the implementation of program socialization 75.38, the achievement of program objectives 75.90, and the implementation of program monitoring 77.70. Based on the results above, it is concluded that the categorization of the quality and performance of the IKD Application user unit obtained a survey conversion result of 75.53 IKD Application Users at quality C which is included in the "LESS GOOD" category.

Abstract, This research was conducted with the aim of exploring the legal reconstruction efforts based on the Maqasid al-Shari’ah perspective, as reflected in the decision issued by the Supreme Court, in order to provide a legal breakthrough in the distribution of inheritance through the concept of wasiat wajibah (compulsory will) for non-Muslim heirs. The difference in religious affiliation within family law gives rise to serious inheritance issues, as Islamic law strictly prohibits inheritance between people of different religions. In order to maintain national unity and integrity, the Supreme Court issued Decision Number 331 K/AG/2018, which grants the right to a wasiat wajibah to heirs who have converted out of Islam or are non-Muslims. This study is a normative juridical research that employs two legal approaches: the conceptual approach and the analytical approach. The data collection technique used to achieve the research objectives is library-based documentation study. The findings show that all judicial bodies in Indonesia must refer to Article 49, Articles 1 and 2 of the 1989 Law concerning legal provisions on litigation, management, and enforcement of civil litigation in inheritance cases. Furthermore, Qur’an Surah An-Nisa verse 141 and Hadiths from Al-Bukhari and Muslim explain that Islamic identity must be a determining factor for heirs, disregarding wills that are not valid under Islamic law. Based on the results, it can be concluded that a wasiat wajibah for apostate or non-Muslim heirs is treated not as an inheritance, but as a special bequest. According to the Maqasid al-Shari’ah, which serves as the foundation for achieving the objectives of Islamic law through its five core principles of protection, the concept of wasiat wajibah for non-Muslim heirs plays a crucial role in: preserving religion by fostering interfaith tolerance; preserving life by preventing familial conflict; preserving intellect by ensuring access to education for non-Muslim descendants; preserving lineage by recognizing the rights of children as biological heirs through inheritance; and preserving wealth by ensuring the rightful and responsible transfer of ownership of the deceased’s estate.