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This research aims to determine the effect of Return on Assets, Cash Ratio, Total Assets Turnover to Managerial Ownership with Product Development Costs as a Moderating Variable. This research uses the Pharmaceutical subsector company objects on the Indonesia and Malaysia Stock Exchanges for the 2013-2021 period. The data collected is secondary data with a documentation method in the form of the company's annual report. The analytical tool used to test the hypothesis is IBM SPSS V21. The sampling method used in this research used a purposive sampling technique to obtain 10 companies that presented complete financial reports, resulting in 90 samples. The analysis technique used is descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption test, moderated regression analysis (MRA), multiple linear regression, t test, and f test. The research results partially concluded that Return on Assets and Cash Ratio influences managerial ownership while Total Assets Turnover has no effect on Managerial Ownership. The results of the research simultaneously show a calculated f value of 3.099 and an f table of 2.71, meaning calculated f > f table or a significance value of 0.031 <0.05. So Return on Assets, Cash Ratio, and Total Assets Turnover has a simultaneous effect on Managerial Ownership. Research results Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) shows that Product Development Costs can moderate the Return relationship on Assets to Managerial Ownership and Product Development Costs can moderate the Cash relationship Ratio to Managerial Ownership. Meanwhile, Product Development Costs cannot moderate the Total Asset relationship Turnover on Managerial Ownership. For further research, it is hoped that it will examine other sub-sectors and add other variables.

Children are the future generation of the nation that must be protected, especially when dealing with the law. The difficult navigation route passed by children who are suspects of criminal acts has depicted sadness in children that can disturb the child's mental state, in order to avoid this possibility, another method has emerged in child criminal acts, namely restorative justice (diversion) which is in accordance with the principle of ultimum remedy in criminal law. This study aims to understand the concept of implementing restorative justice which is associated with the principle of ultimum remedy, where this study works using qualitative methods and is sorted in descriptive, so that concrete solutions can be found regarding the matter being studied. The results of this study found a match between the concept of restorative justice and the principle in criminal law, namely ultimum remedy where criminal witnesses are the last step in handling child criminal acts. However, in its application, several obstacles were found, one of which was due to the different meanings of justice between the parties.    

Semeru Farm is a company operating in the chicken farming sector. The main challenge faced by this company is financial management using manual methods with financial recording and reporting through excel applications. This requires accurate calculations in preparing profit and loss reports. In addition, the company also faces obstacles related to egg stock inventory management to ensure freshness and availability when customers buy. To overcome this problem, an accounting information system is needed that integrates stock management using the FIFO (first in first out) method, so that financial recording and reporting can be done efficiently and on time. This study aims to develop an accounting information system that manages egg stock using the FIFO method. This project includes three main phases: analysis, design, and implementation. The results include 38 database tables, transactions covering 5 accounting cycles, and various financial reports such as cash in and out reports, general journals, and final balance sheets.    

MJM is a leading workshop in Malang that focuses on car repairs and is known for its reliable reputation and quality service on Jl. Lake Tondano Raya F5/A26, Sawojajar. These workshops offer a variety of services, from engine to car body repairs, which makes manual transactions difficult and time-consuming due to increased service and cost complexity. This research aims to simplify transaction and operational processes in MJM workshops by developing supporting applications that include recording customer transactions, spare parts stock management, monitoring employee attendance, and mechanic payroll. The information technology provided can improve service quality, optimize operations, strengthen competitiveness, enable a sustainable approach, increase data accuracy, and support more timely decisions. The methodology used is waterfall, which follows a certain flow process starting from requirements analysis, planning, design, software development, testing, to the maintenance stage. The research focus is on the initial development of the system to ensure that the system functions well in the maintenance phase. The Operational Management Information System designed for MJM workshops includes important features such as recording spare parts, purchase and sale transactions for spare parts, service and car wash transactions, stock taking records, management of damaged or lost goods, stock cards, cash flow, and reports. transaction. This system is expected to reduce manual errors, provide better service, and improve overall operational performance.    

: Current technological developments that are increasing can have a positive impact on SMEs. At wholesale egg shops, they still use a manual cashier system with only being recorded in large books, so the service is less than optimal and less accurate. So it is not uncommon for customers to be disappointed in payment and refund services. By doing this research, it is hoped that it will be able to create a cashier system that runs at egg grocery stores that is able to increase cashier performance efficiency.

Free cash flow is a way to calculate the remaining cash flow that is not used for investment or operations. The purpose of this study is to determine how the variables net profit, depreciation, and changes in investment have an effect on free cash flow recorded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2018-2023. This study uses a quantitative approach method. The results of this study indicate that Net Profit has a positive and significant effect on Free Cash Flow, Depreciation has a positive and significant effect on Free Cash Flow, and Changes in Investment have a negative and insignificant effect on Free Cash Flow.    

Cash is a crucial asset in a company and is often a prime target for fraud. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a rigorous financial examination of cash equivalents to ensure that an entity's cash balance has been recorded correctly. T Foundation is a non-profit educational foundation that relies on cash in financing its operational activities. This study was conducted to analyze the implementation of cash account audit procedures at the T Foundation carried out by KAP Djoko Soerjadi in accordance with general cash equivalent audit procedures. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that what was done by KAP Djoko Soerjadi at the T Foundation on cash equivalents had complied with the established audit procedures. However, in the implementation process, auditors face several obstacles, such as the slow response from clients in providing data information needs and complementary documents, which results in hampering the audit process so that the work takes longer than expected.    

The purpose of the study is to determine and analyze the effect of Cash Flow Operation, Debt Covenant, Firm Size, and Public Accounting Firm Reputation on Conservatism Accountancy of consumer non-cyclicals sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the period 2019- 2023. In this study, a purposive sampling method is used, which obtained 60 companies. The data analysis used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS software version 22 and Microsoft Excel 2019. The results of this study indicate that cash flow operation and debt covenant have a positive significant effect on conservatism accountancy. At the same time, firm size have a negative significant effect on conservatism accountancy. Then, the public accounting firm reputation has no effect on conservatism accountancy.      

The purpose of this literature review is to examine the factors that influence dividend policy. This study reviews existing literature on dividend policy and identifies several factors that affect a company's decision to pay dividends. These factors include profitability, liquidity, free cash flow, firm size, leverage, company life cycle, and asset turnover. This study finds that these factors interact with each other and affect a company's ability to pay dividends. The findings of this study provide insights for companies to develop effective dividend policies that balance investor interests and financial performance. This study also highlights the limitations of existing research and suggests avenues for future research.

Lisnawaty Paje. 2024 "The Influence of the Smart Indonesia Program Cash Transfers and the Family Hope Program Cash Transfers in Overcoming Poverty in Gorontalo Province". Development Economics Study Program, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Gorontalo State University, With Supervisor I, Prof. Dr. Muhammad Amir Arham, M.E and Supervisor II Mrs. Fitri Hadi Yulia Akib, S.E, M.E. This research aims to determine the effect of cash transfers from the Smart Indonesia Program and the Family Hope Program on Poverty in Gorontalo Province. The data used in this research is secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency and the Regional Government of Gorontalo Province for the 2018-2022 period. This research uses Panel Data Analysis using the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The results of this research show (1) the Smart Indonesia Program Cash Transfer has a positive but not significant impact on poverty in Gorontalo Province. This is caused by inappropriate allocation and use of funds, limited beneficiary quotas so that not all underprivileged students receive assistance and there are still many individuals who have not been reached. (2) The Family Hope Program Cash Transfer has a negative but significant impact on poverty in Gorontalo Province. This is because the Family Hope Program has provided assistance to poor people to meet their basic needs, thus helping to reduce the burden of expenses they bear. As a result, many PKH participants can use their income for other purposes. In addition, the Family Hope Program has helped increase the income of poor people by providing financial assistance.

This research aims to describe the process of receiving and recording cash sales at PT. Arjuna Utama Chemistry. With the Independent Learning Campus (MBKM) policy from the Ministry of Education and Culture, Trunojoyo Madura University is holding an industrial internship program that provides students with direct experience in the world of work. This report provides an overview of the stages of cash receipt and recording, as well as the importance of the reconciliation and reporting process in maintaining the accuracy and transparency of the company's finances.

This article examines the regulations for the Family Hope Program (PKH) and Non-Cash Food Assistance (BPNT) and their implementation in the Medan City Social Service. This research uses a normative method with a descriptive approach. The research results show that existing regulations have provided a clear framework for the implementation of PKH and BPNT, but there are still challenges in implementation. This case study identifies several obstacles and offers recommendations to improve program effectiveness.  

This research aims to analyze the use of the cashier application software "Majoo" in the cash receipt information system Mencari Kopi. The object of this research is the use of the cashier application in cash receipts in Mencari Kopi. The subjects in this research were employees, owners of Mencari Kopi and consumers of Mencari Kopi. This research uses primary data used in this research, namely the source comes from the finance department through observations, interviews and documentation carried out on employees or owners of Mencari Kopi and consumers of Mencari Kopi who pay by cash or digital wallet (e-wallet). ). Secondary data used in this research are documents or notes regarding cash receipts and presentation when using the cashier application on Mencari Kopi.   The results of this research. The cash receipt system at Mencari Kopi is run with the help of the “Majoo” cashier application system. The results of the research that has been carried out, in recording cash receipts, payments via cash and non-cash (e-wallet) are equally efficient as long as you still use the "Majoo" cashier application. The results of research conducted and interviews by users of the cashier application and consumers of Mencari Kopi, the recording of cash receipts recorded in Mencari Kopi and those received by consumers of Mencari Kopi are appropriate.

With the rapid development of technology and the Internet, more and more people are using electronic payments as a convenient solution for online transactions. The aim of this research is to show and analyze how service quality influences user satisfaction with the DANA electronic payment application. DANA is a platform that supports non-cash payments and mobile payments. This research uses quantitative methods by collecting data through questionnaires distributed to 30 Banten students using DANA. Data analysis was carried out using multiple regression as well as the t test, F test, and coefficient of determination test. The research results show that reliability, guarantee, and responsiveness can have a significant impact on user satisfaction. Overall, reliability, security, and responsiveness also have a significant impact on user satisfaction.

Risk management policies play an important role in influencing a company's investment and financial decisions. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of implementing risk management policies on investment and company financial decisions. Literature study analysis of financial data and related data from several companies that implement risk management policies is used as a research method. The research results show that effective risk management practices can improve a company's investment decisions by reducing uncertainty and increasing investor confidence. Apart from that, good risk management policies also have a positive impact on company financial decisions, such as more efficient cash management, better cost management, and improved overall financial performance. These findings provide an important contribution for practitioners and researchers to understand the importance of implementing risk management policies in the context of corporate investment and financial decisions. The practical significance of this research is the need for companies to pay attention.

Online loans are currently increasingly popular among the public with the development of technology.  The sophistication of this technology has had a very significant impact on the survival of society, which will make people more consumptive through the arrival of electronic or non-cash means of payment, without cash this will create impulsive shopping behavior where someone buys products without planning.  This research aims to analyze the influence of financial knowledge on online loan interest behavior, to determine the influence of financial behavior on online loan interest and to determine financial attitudes towards online loan interest in the Kupang city community.  This research uses primary data by distributing questionnaires online to 100 respondents in Kupang City who are online loan users.  This research uses non-probability purposive sampling.  Data analysis in this research uses multiple linear regression analysis with the results of the research showing that financial knowledge, financial behavior and financial attitudes have a significant effect on interest in online loans among people in Kupang City.

This study aims to analyze the influence of  financial behavior on non-cash payment behavior and to determine the influence of  financial knowledge on non-cash payment transactions in the community of Raihat District. This study uses primary data by distributing questionnaires to 30 respondents in Raihat District who are MSME actors. This study uses purposive sampling. The data analysis in this study uses multiple linear regression analysis with the results of the study showing that  financial behavior and  financial knowledge have a significant effect on non-cash payment transactions in the community in Raihat District.

Digital transformation in the public transportation sector is part of the national development priority agenda aimed at improving service quality and operational efficiency. This study aims to analyze the implementation of cashless payment-based digital transformation in public transportation policy on the Suroboyo Bus in Surabaya, analyze service quality based on SERVQUAL dimensions, identify supporting and inhibiting factors for implementation, and evaluate the success and shortcomings of the policy. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The results show that the implementation of cashless payment on the Suroboyo Bus has been running well since 2018, with four main payment methods: QRIS, e-money cards, plastic waste contributions, and the Child Identity Card (KIA). QRIS has become the dominant payment method with a 48% share in 2025. Service quality based on SERVQUAL dimensions shows good results in the aspects of tangibles, reliability, and responsiveness, but still requires improvement in the dimensions of assurance and empathy. Supporting factors for implementation include government commitment, the availability of regulations (Perwali No. 22 of 2023)., adequate infrastructure, and support from digital payment service providers. Inhibiting factors include limited digital literacy, internet network disruptions, limited economic access, and lack of socialization. The success of the policy is reflected in increased operational efficiency, financial transparency, and a rise in the number of users from 1.2 million (2019). to 3.5 million (2025). Shortcomings of the policy include the digital gap for vulnerable groups, dependence on internet networks, and a decrease in participation in the plastic waste payment program from 25% (2023). to 12% (2025).

This research work investigates cost implication of change in Naira notes on Household and money market operators in Taraba State. The study adopted a survey research design to obtain data about practices, situations, and views through questionnaires. The number of respondents for Households and Money Market Operators is 394 and 338 respectively. The study used a simple multistage and cluster sampling method to select the sample respondents. The study employed a descriptive statistic method; simple percentages and the Chi-square (x2) statistic were used for the computation and analysis of the data collected. The study found a significant increase in general costs of household and money market operators in Taraba State between 2022 and 2023. This policy significantly affected households and money market operators in Taraba State by increasing their general costs. The study recommends that a reasonable timeline be given to the implementation period with strict monitoring and control of commercial banks to erode favoritism and corruption in the process of policy implementation. There should be stability in the maximum cash withdrawal policy from all means: Point of sale (POS), automated teller machines (ATM) over the bank counter, etc., and adequate provisions for electronic banking for rural and urban centers should be made by financial sector administrators. The government should promote ceaseless cash traceability and accountability to keep the new notes as close to the banking system as possible.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of performance management in Kurnia Supermarket, Tanjungpinang City. The type of research used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out through observation and in-depth interviews. The sample used was purposive sampling. The informants are 3 people, namely 1 manager and 2 employees from the goods arrangement staff and cashier division, in order to obtain a comprehensive perspective related to the implementation of performance management implemented. The results of the study show that performance management at Kurnia Supermarket has been implemented well. This is reflected in the implementation of clear goal setting, achievement of performance targets, and employee competency development that focuses on improving work quality. This implementation also supports the improvement of operational efficiency which has a positive impact on the company's overall performance. Although it has shown positive results, the study also found several challenges, such as a lack of understanding of some employees regarding the performance management system and limited human resources in some divisions. Therefore, it is recommended to improve communication and increase socialization about performance management to all employees to achieve more optimal results.