Publication Search

This study aims to examine self-confidence issues in elementary school students, particularly second-grade students at SDN 1 Gulang. Various problems identified included shyness, low self-confidence, fear of performing in front of the class, and a tendency to withdraw from social settings. This study used a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including interviews and observations to identify factors contributing to low self-confidence and the roles of teachers and parents in developing it. The results indicate that low student self-confidence is influenced by internal factors, such as fear, anxiety, and lack of courage, as well as external factors, including family parenting styles, the social environment, and learning experiences at school. Teachers play a strategic role by providing emotional support, positive motivation, and implementing active learning strategies that encourage student engagement. Furthermore, parents play a crucial role in providing guidance, supportive parenting styles, and appropriate social stimulation. This study concludes that efforts to improve student self-confidence require consistent and ongoing collaboration between teachers and parents.

This study seeks to examine how the element of state financial loss is applied in corruption cases that originate from private-law relationships, specifically in the context of Micro People’s Business Credit (KUR) financing using the Yarnen Porang scheme, as reflected in Decision Number 41/Pid.Sus.TPK/PN.MTR. The central issue addressed is the manner in which the panel of judges construed and affirmed the existence of a state financial loss that, in substance, arose from a civil act, namely the performance of a financing cooperation agreement between a banking institution and an offtaker. By employing a normative juridical approach and conducting an in-depth analysis of the judicial decision, this research concludes that the alleged state financial loss in the a quo case remains merely prospective in nature and does not satisfy the requirement of an actual and definite loss as mandated by positive law. Furthermore, evidence demonstrating that the financing funds were enjoyed by a third party rather than by the accused indicates a misapplication in attributing criminal liability. Consequently, the criminal prosecution of conduct that is essentially civil in character reflects an expansive interpretation of the state loss element, which is inconsistent with the principle of legality and the doctrine of prudence in the enforcement of corruption laws.

Weight gain can be a concern for some women, with some considering a body conforming to specific beauty standards as an ideal or desired goal. The use of progesterone hormone injections, which affect the appetite control center in the hypothalamus, can increase appetite and potentially lead to weight gain. This research employs a descriptive-analytical method with a quantitative approach conducted at the Independent Midwife Practice in the working area of the Kragilan Serang Community Health Center, Banten, using secondary data from medical records. Data collection involved 96 respondents divided into 48 samples of 1-month injectable contraceptive (KB Suntik) users and 48 samples of 3-month injectable contraceptive users. The total research sample size is 96 respondents, with the majority falling in the 20–40 age group and the remainder aged >40 years. The results indicate that among the 48 respondents using the 1-month injectable contraceptive, the average weight gain is 0. 938 kg, while for the 3-month injectable contraceptive, the average weight gain is 4. 251 kg.

Consumptive behavior among college students has increased along with the development of social media that plays a role in shaping modern lifestyles. This study was conducted to determine the effect of Instagram social media use and hedonistic lifestyle on the consumptive behavior of female students in the Culinary Arts Education Study Program, Universitas Negeri Medan. The study used a quantitative approach with multiple regression analysis methods. Data were obtained by distributing questionnaires to 52 respondents selected using a simple random sampling technique. The results showed that Instagram social media use had a significant effect on consumptive behavior with a significance value of 0.049, while hedonistic lifestyle had a more dominant effect with a significance value of 0.000. Simultaneously, both variables had a positive and significant effect on consumptive behavior with an R² value of 0.418, meaning that 41.8% of the variation in consumptive behavior was explained by these two variables. Based on these results, it was concluded that the higher the use of Instagram social media and hedonistic lifestyle, the greater the tendency of students to behave consumptively.

Generation Z, growing up in the digital era, faces various challenges in social, emotional, and academic adjustment in the school environment. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of individual planning services in improving the adjustment abilities of Generation Z students. A qualitative approach was used with a literature review from the past five years. The results of the study indicate that the use of digital technology to support students' personal development can help them better understand themselves, set goals, and plan adaptive steps. This service also plays a role in providing support and early intervention, which helps counselors shift from a reactive approach to a more proactive one. The findings of this study underscore the importance of changing the role of counselors, from being responsive to being more proactive and preventative, by integrating personal and technological approaches in the mentoring process. Therefore, guidance and counseling teachers are advised to design services that are more structured, participatory, and relevant to the unique characteristics of Generation Z. This will ensure that the services provided are more effective in helping students adjust to the school environment.

Injustice against women in contemporary Islamic law practice is still a serious problem, especially in cases of divorce, child custody, and the division of common property, which are often decided textually without considering the social, economic, and psychological aspects of women. This phenomenon shows that the application of Islamic law is still normative and does not fully reflect substantive justice as the purpose of maqāṣid al-syarī'ah. This research aims to analyze the nature of justice for women in the modern era, identify the steps needed to realize this justice, and formulate Islamic legal solutions based on maqāṣid al-syarī'ah that can be applied contextually in the religious justice system. The research method used is qualitative with a normative-empirical approach through literature analysis, case studies, and empirical data from religious court decisions and reports of official institutions such as Komnas Perempuan. The results of the study show that justice for women can only be achieved through a dynamic maqāṣid approach, by placing the interests of women and children above the legal-formalities of classical fiqh. The efforts needed include the integration of empirical data in judges' decisions, reform of religious justice policies, increasing the capacity of judges in understanding maqāṣid, and empowering women through legal literacy.

This study aims to improve the kinesthetic intelligence and physical fitness of students with hearing impairments through rhythmic gymnastics lessons in Physical Education, Sports, and Health (PJOK) at SLB Muhammadiyah Kelayu, East Lombok Regency. The research employed a collaborative classroom action research (CAR) approach involving both the researcher and the PJOK teacher. The action was conducted in two cycles, each comprising planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The research subjects consisted of eight students with hearing impairments, including four females and four males. Data were collected through documentation, observation, and performance assessments using developed kinesthetic intelligence and physical fitness instruments, and then analyzed descriptively using quantitative methods. The results indicate that after the rhythmic gymnastics intervention, kinesthetic intelligence improved, with 75% of students reaching the expected development level by the end of Cycle II. Physical fitness also showed significant improvement across five main components: endurance increased to 68.7%, muscle strength and endurance to 65.6%, agility to 68.7%, flexibility to 65.6%, and balance to 71.8%. Rhythmic gymnastics proved to be an effective approach to support inclusivity while enhancing the kinesthetic intelligence and physical fitness of students with hearing impairments.

In social life, buying and selling are fundamental mechanisms for transferring rights, beginning with an agreement. According to Articles 1313 and 1338 of the Indonesian Civil Code, agreements are legally binding acts with the force of law for the parties involved. One high-value transaction is the sale and purchase of apartment units, which involves developers as sellers. In practice, developers often fail to deliver units within the agreed timeframe. This study examines (1) the developer’s responsibility toward buyers when units are not delivered and (2) the legal protection available for buyers under such circumstances. The research applies Hans Kelsen’s Theory of Responsibility and Satjipto Rahardjo’s Theory of Legal Protection, using a normative juridical method based on library research. Primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials were analyzed through statutory, conceptual, analytical, and case approaches, employing grammatical and systematic interpretation, legal analogy, and legal refinement. Findings reveal that developers are primarily responsible for delivering fully paid units. Failure to fulfill this obligation, due to breach of contract or negligence, triggers legal liability in the form of performance or compensation. Legal protection for buyers ensures their rights are safeguarded, and even in cases of developer negligence or bankruptcy, consumers are legally entitled to receive the apartment units they have purchased.

Reading comprehension, especially in personal letter texts, is challenging for many Indonesian high school students due to limited vocabulary and low motivation. Blooket, a game-based learning platform, offers potential to improve engagement and learning outcomes.Objective: This research aims to examine the effectiveness of Blooket learning media in improving students’ reading comprehension of personal letters at Grade XI of SMA PGRI Pekanbaru. A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group design was used. The sample consisted of 39 students, divided into an experimental group taught with Blooket and a control group taught conventionally. Pre-tests and post-tests (25 multiple-choice items) were administered, and data were analyzed using normality, homogeneity, The experimental group’s mean score increased from 55.21 to 84.96, while the control group improved from 51.53 to 72.00. The paired sample t-test yielded p = 0.000 (<0.05), indicating a significant effect of Blooket on reading comprehension. Blooket’s interactive and competitive features effectively enhanced students’ reading comprehension of personal letters, motivation, and participation, making it a valuable alternative for teaching short functional texts in EFL classrooms.

Public service reform in Indonesia increasingly emphasizes inter-agency collaboration as a mechanism to enhance administrative efficiency, service integration, and responsiveness to citizens’ needs; however, in many regions, including West Kotawaringin Regency, collaborative practices remain fragmented due to uneven human resource (HR) capacities, inconsistencies in standard operating procedures (SOPs), and limited technological integration across institutions. This study aims to examine the current state of HR collaboration, identify key barriers and enabling factors, and propose an integrated and adaptive HR collaboration model to strengthen public service delivery. Using a qualitative multi-case study approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with leaders and operational staff from multiple regional government agencies and analyzed using NVivo 15 to generate thematic coding and visual tools such as word clouds, hierarchy charts, and project maps. The findings indicate that current collaboration is largely transactional and administrative, exemplified by the physical co-location of agencies at the Public Service Mall (MPP) without effective systemic interoperability. Three critical themes emerged: gaps in HR distribution, competencies, and role clarity; structural and behavioral constraints including sectoral ego, SOP discrepancies, and limited digital integration; and opportunities to enhance collaboration through shared digital dashboards, inter-agency forums, and cross-functional HR mobility. Based on these results, the study proposes a three-pillar Integrated and Adaptive HR Collaboration Model comprising comprehensive digital integration, flexible HR competency sharing, and inclusive service co-creation involving community stakeholders, offering both theoretical contributions to collaborative governance and practical guidance for regional governments seeking to improve public service effectiveness.

The implementation of industrial engineering technologies, such as automation, the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and lean manufacturing, has significantly transformed human resource (HR) capabilities in the production sector, particularly in response to the Industry 4.0 paradigm. This study aims to examine the relatively low level of technology adoption in Indonesia, estimated at only 6–20% of manufacturing companies, and its impact on the development of HR competencies. The analysis focuses on changes in technical skill requirements, including digital literacy, data analytics, and technology-based decision-making, as well as the shift in job roles from manual tasks to more strategic functions. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach grounded in sociotechnical systems theory and the strategic alignment model. The findings indicate that existing skill gaps can be addressed through continuous upskilling and reskilling programs, supported by strengthened triple helix collaboration among government, industry, and educational institutions. The implementation of these strategies has been shown to increase productivity by approximately 30–72% and enhance the competitiveness of the national production sector in the global industrial landscape.  

The problem faced is the decline in the performance of a 650 liter/minute centrifugal pump due to wear on components, especially the impeller, rolling bearings, and mechanical seals in supplying process water and clean water in industrial production systems. The planning objective is to obtain a maintenance schedule for a 650 liter/minute centrifugal pump for the operational period of 2026 and the ratio between maintenance costs and profits generated by the machine. The maintenance planning method includes collecting maintenance data from previous maintenance periods, reviewing centrifugal pump specifications, applying the inspection, replace, repair, and overhaul (IRRO) approach, estimating the age and price of components that are expected to be damaged, estimating the cost and duration of dismantling and installing components that have been repaired in accordance with the provisions of the requirements for usable components or replacement parts, scheduling maintenance and repairs, estimating maintenance and repair costs for the 2026 period, and determining the ratio of maintenance costs to profits. The planning results are in the form of a maintenance schedule for the 2026 period worth IDR 4,290,000,-, a maintenance cost to profit ratio of 7.44% and the implications indicate that the machine is still suitable for use and prospective for operations in the next few years.  

Public speaking is an essential communication skill that plays a crucial role in enhancing self-confidence, delivering ideas effectively, and fostering social participation. However, many women in rural areas still lack opportunities to develop this skill due to limited access to training, gender stereotypes, and minimal experience in public forums. These challenges lead to low levels of women’s involvement, particularly housewives who are members of PKK, in community activities and decision-making processes at the local level. This study aims to examine the impact of public speaking training on improving the knowledge, self-confidence, and social participation of PKK mothers in Nagari Sumpur Kudus. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method with a participatory approach through interactive lectures, speaking practice simulations, reflective discussions, participatory observations, and qualitative evaluations. Data were analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing based on field notes, observations, and participants’ feedback. The findings indicate that the training successfully improved participants’ understanding of basic public speaking techniques, including intonation, eye contact, body language, and structured idea delivery. Furthermore, the participants experienced significant growth in self-confidence, courage to speak in front of groups, and motivation to continuously practice their communication skills. The interactive and supportive learning atmosphere also strengthened collaboration and solidarity among PKK members. Thus, public speaking training not only enhances individual competencies but also contributes to women’s empowerment and their active participation in community development at the village level.  

This study aims to examine and analyze the effects of product quality and distribution channel on repurchase intention, with customer satisfaction and customer trust serving as mediating variables. The research employed a quantitative method with a causal-explanatory approach. The study population consisted of customers at the Weber building materials manufacturing company in East Java, with a sample of 275 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected via questionnaires and assessed using a Likert scale. The data analysis was conducted using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique with Partial Least Squares (PLS) software. The findings of the study reveal the following: 1) Product quality has a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction; 2) Product quality has a significant positive effect on customer trust; 3) Product quality has a significant positive effect on repurchase intention; 4) Distribution channel has a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction; 5) Distribution channel has a significant positive effect on customer trust; 6) Distribution channel has a significant positive effect on repurchase intention; 7) Customer satisfaction has a significant positive effect on customer trust; 8) Customer satisfaction has a significant positive effect on repurchase intention; 9) Customer trust has a significant positive effect on repurchase intention.

The homicide arising from the victim’s refusal to terminate her pregnancy presents a crucial issue regarding how the element of intent is constructed within Indonesian criminal law. This study originates from the need to examine the extent to which the offender’s motive triggered by anger after the victim declined his request for an abortion may influence the classification of dolus in the act of killing. The objective of this research is to describe the characteristics of intent in the perpetrator’s actions, determine whether the incident meets the criteria of dolus directus, dolus indirectus, or dolus eventualis, and assess the role of motive in shaping criminal liability. The method employed is normative legal research using a case approach and a statute approach, supported by the analysis of comparable court decisions and criminal law doctrines concerning the element of intent. The research findings indicate that the perpetrator’s deliberate assault on the victim after she rejected the request to terminate the pregnancy can be categorized as dolus directus, as he both realized and desired the lethal outcome of his conduct as an expression of anger. The motive related to the refusal of pregnancy responsibility does not negate intent; rather, it merely serves as a trigger for the criminal act. Thus, the element of intent in this case can be firmly constructed through an assessment of the perpetrator’s will, awareness, and conduct, thereby ensuring the accurate application of homicide provisions and providing legal certainty regarding the limits of criminal liability in pregnancy-related conflicts.

Historically, water resource management in Indonesia has faced significant complexities, often dominated by commercialization and investment-oriented policies that threaten the fundamental rights of farmers. The Constitutional Court’s decision to annul the previous Water Resources Law marks a crucial turning point, demanding a comprehensive policy reformulation. This entails a shift from a market-based paradigm to one grounded in human rights and social welfare, reaffirming state sovereignty over water for the prosperity of the people. The urgency of this reformulation is compounded by the imminent threat of climate change, which introduces high uncertainty into the hydrological cycle—manifesting as extreme droughts and floods—thereby directly impacting the agricultural sector. This research aims to formulate a climate-adaptive water resource management policy that secures the priority rights of farmers. Employing a Normative Legal Research Method with Statutory and Conceptual Approaches, the findings present a new, holistic legal and institu-tional framework. This framework centers on two pillars: first, the firm assertion and absolute legal protection of irrigation water allocation for farmers, even during periods of scarcity; and second, the adoption of a Climate-Adaptive Governance Model. This governance model integrates a unified climate monitoring system, resilient water infrastructure, and the empowerment of Water User Associations (P3A) at the grassroots level to independently respond to shifting climate patterns. This reformulation is essential for achieving water management that is just, sustainable, and effective in maintaining national food security

Strengthening reading–writing literacy and numeracy has become a strategic priority in primary education, particularly in preparing prospective teachers who are capable of integrating these competencies contextually into classroom practice. This community engagement program aimed to enhance the conceptual understanding, pedagogical skills, and professional readiness of students from the Primary School Teacher Education Program (PGSD) at Universitas Satya Wiyata Mandala (USWIM) Nabire through a practice-based literacy and numeracy training model. The program was conducted over three days and involved 100 active students. The training adopted a practice-based approach consisting of conceptual reinforcement sessions, group discussions, lesson plan development, and microteaching simulations. Data were collected through observation, analysis of instructional materials, and written reflections, and analyzed using a descriptive qualitative approach. The findings indicate a significant shift in students’ understanding of literacy and numeracy—from technical skills to contextual and reasoning-based competencies. Participants demonstrated improved ability to design literacy–numeracy-based lesson plans and delivered more dialogic and participatory microteaching sessions. The program also fostered stronger professional awareness regarding the role of teachers in building foundational literacy and numeracy skills in primary education. Overall, the practice-based training proved effective in strengthening the professional preparedness of prospective primary school teachers in a contextual and systematic manner.

This study aims to analyze hematocrit values ​​using a micro method with capillary blood samples in pregnant women with anemia at the Sidodadi Kisaran Barat Community Health Center. This study is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach involving 15 pregnant women as respondents. Data collection was carried out through hematocrit laboratory examinations and data collection of respondent characteristics. The results showed that 60% of respondents had hematocrit levels below normal values, while 40% of respondents had hematocrit levels within normal limits. Low hematocrit levels in pregnant women are influenced by several factors, including age, education level, employment status, and level of knowledge about anemia during pregnancy. This condition has the potential to increase the risk of pregnancy complications if not optimally managed. Therefore, it is recommended that health workers continue to increase educational efforts regarding anemia prevention, the importance of regular pregnancy check-ups, and encourage pregnant women to maintain a balanced nutritional consumption pattern and adequate iron intake to support maternal and fetal health.

As the business and technological environment evolves, modern accounting is no longer limited to recording historical transactions, but has developed into a strategic information system that emphasizes transparency, accountability, and the use of technology and integrated reporting to create long-term value. From a theoretical perspective, the development of accounting is closely related to agency theory, which explains the relationship between principals and agents. Unlike agency theory, stewardship theory assumes that management is motivated by the interests of the organization and principals rather than the personal goals of managers. The conceptual differences between agency theory and stewardship theory also influence modern accounting practices. This study was conducted to analyze the conceptual differences between agency theory and stewardship theory, the factors that distinguish the two theories, and the relevance of both theories in accounting practice. This research was conducted using a descriptive qualitative approach or comparative literature study. Empirical research results show that both theories have their own relevance according to the context of the company, so neither is completely superior. Agency theory and stewardship theory also offer different but complementary perspectives in explaining the relationship between owners and managers in modern accounting practices.  

Hypertension is a major public health problem with an increasing prevalence and is often undetected due to its asymptomatic nature, leading to serious complications if not properly controlled. Low levels of public knowledge and poor adherence to preventive behaviors, routine health checks, and treatment remain significant challenges in hypertension management at the community level. This community service program aimed to improve public knowledge and awareness of hypertension through the implementation of the CERDIK and PATUH approaches. The program employed a community-based promotive and preventive method, including health education, blood pressure screening, and interactive discussion and counseling. The activity was conducted in RW 013, Kapuk Subdistrict, Cengkareng District, involving 60 adult and elderly participants. Knowledge levels were assessed using pre-test and post-test questionnaires and analyzed descriptively. The results demonstrated a substantial improvement in participants’ knowledge after the health education intervention, with the mean knowledge score increasing from 35 before the intervention to 80 after the intervention. In addition, the variation in knowledge levels among participants became more homogeneous following the educational activities. High community enthusiasm and active participation during the program reflected positive acceptance and engagement with the hypertension education initiative. This community service activity confirms that community-based health education using the CERDIK and PATUH approaches is effective as a promotive and preventive strategy to enhance public knowledge of hypertension. Improved knowledge is expected to encourage healthier lifestyle behaviors and greater adherence to hypertension control practices, thereby supporting sustainable and independent blood pressure management within the community.