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This study aims to examine the existence of the Church in the context of salvation history from the perspective of systematic theology, focusing on the role and vocation of the ecclesia as the community of God's people. The background of this study departs from the belief that the Church is not just a religious institution, but has an existential and historical basis in God's saving work. The Church acts as an extension of Christ's mission which is continued in the power of the Holy Spirit. In this research, the author uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach. The data sources consist of the Holy Bible, theological books related to the title, as well as relevant theological journal articles. This research was conducted to understand the relationship between the Church's identity and its participation in salvation history, both dogmatically and functionally. The results show that the Church is called to be an active witness in the work of salvation, by carrying out prophetic, liturgical, and social functions. As an ecclesia, the Church is not just a collection of individual believers, but a community that lives in relationship with Christ as the Head. The discussion emphasizes that the Church has a mandate to live in unity, holiness, catholicity, and apostolate, all of which are rooted in God's grace. In conclusion, the existence of the Church in salvation history is eschatological and missionary. The Church is called to be a sign and means of salvation, and to take part in the salvation of the world.

The aim of this research is to determine the implementation of public service accountability and the inhibiting and supporting factors in the implementation of public service accountability in East Towuntu Village, Pasan District. The approach in this research is qualitative descriptive research. This research was chosen because it presents data systematically, factually and accurately regarding the facts in the field. The object of this research is Public Services. This research was conducted at the Towuntu Village Office as an extension of the central government and provider of services to the community. The informants in this research were all Towuntu Village officials, Pasan District. In providing services to the community, the Towuntu Village Government has demonstrated performance accountability/accountability in order to maintain community trust. This is demonstrated by the existence of a flow of accountability starting from the lowest level, namely village officials, to their leaders, namely Old Law. There are several factors that can influence the accountability/accountability process, where these factors originate from within the individual as a Village Apparatus and the environmental influence of Towuntu Village. However, as the experience of Towuntu Village officials increases, the level of understanding of the importance of performance accountability can be increased so that the process of implementing accountability can run well.

Abortion is a contentious legal and moral issue, as it involves two equally important rights: the right to life of the fetus and a woman's right to bodily autonomy and reproductive health. Under Indonesian criminal law, abortion is generally classified as a criminal offense, as stipulated in the Criminal Code (KUHP). However, exceptions are recognized under specific conditions such as medical emergencies and pregnancies resulting from rape, in accordance with Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health. This study aims to examine the legal boundaries between prohibited and permitted abortions and to analyze the challenges of implementing these provisions in practice. The findings indicate that despite the existence of legal exceptions, implementation remains difficult due to complex procedures, limited facilities, and inadequate understanding among law enforcement and health workers. Therefore, clear technical regulations and cross-sectoral education are essential to ensure fair legal protection for both women and medical professionals.

Marketing is the backbone of a business’s existence. Various ideas, creativity, and innovations in marketing continue to evolve in different forms. To attract a large number of consumers, some businesses engage in overclaim marketing. While this strategy may bring positive outcomes for some companies, it can also have negative consequences for others. One brand that has practiced overclaim marketing is Daviena Skincare. This study aims to analyze the impact of overclaim marketing on consumer trust in Daviena Skincare products. The research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach, with data obtained through digital tracing and observation. The findings indicate that overclaim marketing in the skincare industry, as practiced by Daviena Skincare, has negatively affected consumer trust. The overclaims identified include promises of instant results, false claims about premium ingredients, and unverified testimonials. An investigation by Doctor Detective revealed significant discrepancies between marketing claims and the actual product composition, such as Niacinamide, which was advertised at 10% but was not detected in laboratory tests. These findings contradict the marketed product benefits, leading to consumer disappointment and decreased brand loyalty. This phenomenon underscores the urgency for brands to be more transparent and ethical in their marketing strategies. Therefore, overclaim marketing practices must be eliminated to maintain the integrity of the industry and protect consumers’ rights to accurate information and products that align with their claims.

Employing a qualitative methodology that integrated video content analysis and interviews with both the curator and viewers of the YouTube channel @hippiearab, this research aims to elucidate the distinctive narrative approach utilized in the propagation of religious tenets. The central discovery of this inquiry highlights that a direct, relatable to daily life, and captivating storytelling mode simplifies the comprehension of religious doctrines for the audience. Furthermore, the application of everyday language within the content has demonstrated its efficacy in forging a robust emotional bond between the content creator and the video recipients. This study underscores the pivotal role of online media, notably YouTube, as an influential tool for instilling spiritual values in younger generations within the context of their ordinary existence.

This study reveals a significant correlation between the phenomenon of underwater rivers discussed in modern oceanographic studies and the scientific signs contained in Surah Al-Furqan verse 53. This verse not only illustrates the difference between two types of water, but also represents physical phenomena that can be explained scientifically, such as the existence of halocline layers and hydrogen sulfide compounds that appear in the transition area between fresh water and sea water. Both classical and contemporary interpretations show that the Qur'an implicitly conveys instructions regarding natural realities that can only be understood through a contemporary scientific approach. The scientific interpretation approach opens up integrative opportunities between divine revelation and empirical knowledge, which not only strengthens the dimension of faith but also stimulates rational, scientific, and spiritual thinking in exploring the meaning of the kauniyah verses. Thus, this study emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in understanding the Qur'an in a way that is relevant to the dynamics of science and the challenges of the times.  

Character Education, especially in terms of discipline, is a major concern in the learning process that occurs in schools. The role of teachers is not only limited to teaching, but also includes being role models, motivators, and mentors who can build a disciplined atmosphere among students. This study adopted a qualitative approach with data collection methods including observation, interviews, and documentation. The research findings indicate that the culture of discipline in madrasas is greatly influenced by the implementation of strict rules, the provision of rewards and punishments, and the persuasive approach and role models from teachers. In addition, there are supporting factors such as the existence of madrasa regulations and good examples from teachers, as well as inhibiting factors such as environmental influences and the use of gadgets. In conclusion, the development of a culture of discipline in madrasas requires cooperation between teachers, students, and the environment, as well as the right strategy to create a conducive and disciplined learning atmosphere.

Article 340 of the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) regulates the crime of premeditated murder, which is characterized by the element of “with prior planning”. This element serves as the principal distinction between ordinary murder and premeditated murder. However, in judicial practice, this element is often interpreted inconsistently by judges, potentially resulting in disparities in verdicts and injustice in criminal adjudication. This research aims to restate and clarify the meaning of “prior planning” in Article 340 KUHP to promote a more consistent and fair application of the law. The research employs a normative juridical approach by analyzing a number of court decisions from the Kotamobagu District Court related to premeditated murder cases. The theoretical framework includes sentencing theory as the grand theory, legal interpretation theory as the middle theory, and criminal responsibility theory as the applied theory. The findings reveal inconsistencies in how judges assess the element of “planning”, particularly regarding the psychological state of the perpetrator and the existence of a cooling-down period between intention and execution. Based on these findings, a more explicit and standardized formulation of the term “prior planning” is necessary to ensure proportional legal enforcement, legal certainty, and substantive justice in applying Article 340 KUHP.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the existence of slums in Tematta Dorf district, Medan. Slums are one of the serious problems in urban development that affect the quality of life of the community. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with a descriptive approach and multiple regression analysis. Respondents consisted of field surveys, interviews, data received through documents, and residents and relatives. The results of the study indicate that several main factors that influence the existence of slums in this area are income levels, population density, availability of basic infrastructure, and spatial politics. Limited infrastructure and low community income have the most important impacts of these factors. This study concludes that efforts to overcome regional slums require a multidimensional approach by improving infrastructure, spatial sustainability planning and strengthening the community economy.

 The main objective of this study is to analyze the perspective of generation z on the implementation of maano culture in the unity of the Piru customary law community. Generation Z is a generation that interacts with technological advances. As a digital generation, technological advances should lead them to be more familiar with local cultures such as maano culture, as a local culture, generation Z must really have knowledge and constructive views on maano culture by grounding this culture to be known to the public as a local culture of the Piru customary law community in particular and the Maluku customary community in general. This qualitative research was conducted using the side snowball technique on generation Z of the Piru customary law community through interview and documentation techniques. then analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The target achievement of this study resulted in. The existence of Maano culture that for generation z of the Piru customary law community states that for some generations they know maano culture through the process of cultural inheritance and for some new generations they know through formal education. Therefore, maano culture is rarely found in Piru society. The existence that has been increasingly lost is caused by several things, namely the absence of a cultural inheritance process, the emergence of an individualistic attitude. In fact, maano culture can foster a sense of togetherness, mutual help and cooperation The efforts to preserve Maano culture that Maano culture should be introduced from generation to generation so that this culture continues to be known and developed by the next generation. Generation Z provides some hope that Maano culture should be introduced more deeply to other Generation Z, and as a digital generation, Maano culture is introduced through social media so as to spur a sense of love for local culture.  

Limited land in the urban area of Jayapura Regency is a major challenge in the provision of Green Open Space (RTH), even though the existence of RTH is very important to maintain ecological balance and the quality of the community's living environment. In this context, the Dosay Public Cemetery (TPU) has great potential to be optimized as an alternative green space that is multifunctional-ecological, social, and aesthetic. This study aims to assess community perceptions of the utilization of TPU Dosay as a green space, as well as to formulate a strategy for its sustainable development. The approach used was mixed methods, with data collection through a survey using a Likert scale to 35 respondents, open interviews with 9 key informants, as well as SWOT and AHP analysis. The results showed that most people support the development of TPU Dosay as a reflective green space that is comfortable and ecologically valuable. From the results of AHP analysis, policy and regulation aspects are the top priorities in the development strategy, followed by vegetation and accessibility aspects. Strategic recommendations include the preparation of adaptive vegetation zoning, strengthening the local policy framework, active involvement of indigenous communities, and cross-sector collaboration between local governments, academics and the private sector. With the right strategy, the development of TPU Dosay is expected to be an innovative solution in overcoming the shortage of green spaces in Jayapura Regency.

This study aims to describe the role of Dompet Dhuafa Cirebon as a non-profit organization in developing Islamic philanthropy in the local area. Using a descriptive qualitative approach and case study, data were obtained through documentation from various sources such as official websites, activity reports, and news articles. The results of the study show that Dompet Dhuafa Cirebon runs various strategic programs such as Kampung Ternak, Tani Padu, Wakaf Sumur, Sewing Training for Dhuafa Widows, and Family-Friendly Homecoming Posts. These programs do not only focus on direct assistance, but also on empowering the community's economy and increasing social awareness. The philanthropic activities carried out reflect Islamic values ​​in helping others and utilizing digital technology to expand the reach of services. This study shows that the existence of philanthropic institutions such as Dompet Dhuafa has an important role in supporting community welfare and strengthening social solidarity based on Islamic values.

Surabaya known as the City of Heroes, has various historical buildings scattered in strategic areas, one of which is in Kota Lama Surabaya. The existence of these buildings has been designated as cultural heritage that must be preserved in order to maintain the historical value and identity of the city. However, the implementation of preservation still encounters various obstacles, especially in technical and administrative aspects, as well as the lack of public understanding of the importance of preservation. This research aims to describe the implementation of Surabaya City Regional Regulation Number 1 Year 2024 on the Preservation and Management of Cultural Heritage, with a focus on De Javasche Bank Museum as the object of research. Researchers used descriptive qualitative methods with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, field observations, documentation, and review of policy documents. The implementation theory of Ripley and Franklin was used as an analytical knife that includes three indicators, namely the level of compliance with regulations, the smooth routine of functions and coordination between implementers, and the realization of the desired performance and impact. The results show that the implementation of the local regulation has shown progress at the institutional level through coordination across Regional Apparatus Organizations and the implementation of SOPs by museum managers. However, there are still obstacles such as the lack of optimal human resources experts, weak administrative coordination, and the absence of a special management institution. Positive impacts such as increased visitation and community involvement are starting to be seen, but the overall effectiveness of implementation still requires strengthening in various sectors to ensure the sustainability of inclusive preservation.

This paper discusses the issue of gender equality from the perspective of Islamic family law and positive law in Indonesia. This study begins with a historical exploration of the treatment of women in the pre-Islamic era which was full of discrimination and oppression, until the arrival of Islam which brought about a major transformation towards respecting and recognizing women's rights. Furthermore, this paper reviews the comparison between the values ​​of gender equality in ideal Islamic family law with practices that are still influenced by patriarchal culture, as well as Indonesia's positive legal response to gender issues, such as through the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), the Marriage Law, and the ratification of international conventions such as CEDAW. This study also highlights the role and existence of women in the family as children, wives, and mothers, as well as the challenges faced by women in fighting for rights and equality in the domestic and public spheres. This paper emphasizes that achieving fair and balanced gender equality requires a reinterpretation of the law based on values ​​of justice and a structural commitment to empowering women in all aspects of life.

This article discusses the existence of science from the perspective of philosophy, culture, and religion in the global and digital era. Through an interdisciplinary approach, this article examines how the integration of science, cultural values, and religious principles can strengthen human civilization amidst the challenges of globalization and digitalization. In the process, this study highlights the importance of philosophical foundations in the development of science, the contribution of culture in providing local context to the application of science, and the role of religion in providing a moral and ethical framework. The results of the study show that collaboration between these three aspects can create a civilized, tolerant, and adaptive society to changes in the times. Thus, this integration becomes an important foundation for the development of sustainable and meaningful human civilization in the modern era.

This paper aims to explore and integrate three disciplines—philosophy, history, and biology—in order to strengthen and clarify the rational foundation of the Christian faith. Using a qualitative approach, the author examines the contributions of philosophy in formulating rational arguments for the existence of God, the historical connections in the development of the early church, and the accuracy of biblical narratives based on archaeological findings. Biology, particularly through the complex structure of DNA and the order found in living systems, is also viewed as evidence of a divine design underlying all of creation. Through the synthesis of these three disciplines, this article asserts that the Christian faith is not in conflict with reason and science but can be defended logically and scientifically. Thinkers such as Plantinga and Craig demonstrate how philosophical arguments and historical data support the validity of faith, while scientists like Francis Collins show how science can deepen our understanding of God's greatness. This integration is intended as a constructive response to the challenges of modernity and as a foundation for Christians to maintain a firm, intelligent, and relevant faith in the midst of changing times.

In this article, we discuss the nature of human beings as learning creatures and creatures who are always dependent on Allah SWT as contained in QS. Al-'Alaq verses 1-5. What is a special fact in this article is the urgency of understanding Islamic education in answering modern challenges through strengthening the values of monotheism and spirituality. The purpose of this study is to analyze in depth the meaning of education and human existence in the perspective of tarbawi interpretation of the early verses of surah al-'alaq. This research uses a qualitative approach with the type of library research. The data collection technique uses literature review by studying verses of the Qur'an. Data analysis was carried out in a descriptive-qualitative manner with an interpretative approach to the text and the thoughts of experts. The results of the study show that qs. al-'alaq 1-5 affirms that man was created as a learning creature who obtains knowledge from Allah and in the process of learning always needs His guidance. This article emphasizes that the theory of Islamic education must be based on the theory of education should be based on the principle of monotheism which combines intellectual intelligence and spiritual awareness.

This research aims to assess the legal considerations of the panel of judges in Decision Number 245/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2021/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst., particularly in recognizing the foreign court decision in the form of a moratorium ruling from the Singapore High Court and in determining the legal standing of the PKPU applicant in this case. This research employs a normative juridical method through a case study of Decision Number 245/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2021/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst based on Indonesian positive law. The data used consists of primary, secondary, and tertiary. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively by interpreting positive legal provisions, principles, and doctrines applicable in Indonesia to evaluate the panel of judges' considerations in this case. The research findings indicate that, first, the panel's recognition of the moratorium decision as grounds for rejecting the PKPU application contradicts Article 436 of the Reglement op de Rechtsvordering, which adheres to the territoriality principle. This recognition also conflicts with the principles of private international law adopted by Indonesia. Furthermore, the consideration regarding the absence of legal standing of the PKPU applicant due to the existence of the moratorium decision linked to choice of forum is inconsistent with Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations (KPKPU Law) as lex specialis that supersedes debt settlement provisions in other legislation. Second, the research demonstrates that in practice, legal standing is determined based on fulfillment of formal and material requirements as stipulated in Articles 222, 224, and 8(4) of the KPKPU Law, which were satisfied in this case.

Background Back : Development motor fine is one of the aspect important in grow flower child age preschool that plays a role in support readiness learning and activities everyday . However , it is not all child experience optimal development so required proper stimulation . One of the methods that can used is exercise brain (brain gym), namely a series movement simple with purpose optimize function brain . Purpose Research : Research This aim For know effectiveness of Brain Gym on development motor smooth on children ages 3–5 years in the work area Subdistrict Batam City. Research methods​ This use pre- experimental design with one-group pretest-posttest approach . Sample A total of 31 children were taken use total sampling technique . Measurement development motor fine done using KPSP before and after intervention . Data analysis was carried out with paired sample t-test. Results: Research results show existence improvement development motor fine after given brain gym intervention . Before intervention , partly big child is in the category development doubtful (64.5%), whereas after intervention all over children (100%) are in the category in accordance development . Statistical test results show p -value = 0.000 (<0.05), which means there is influence significant effect of brain gym on development motor fine child . Conclusion: research This show that Brain Gym is effective in increase development motor fine child age preschool . Therefore that , Brain Gym can recommended as method stimulation development children in the neighborhood education and public.

The development of information technology, particularly the internet and social media, has significantly impacted how the Church functions and interacts with its congregation. This transformation is not only technological but also touches upon fundamental theological aspects. This article aims to examine the changes in the meaning, function, and identity of the Church in the context of digitalization, with a focus on comparing the pre-internet and post-internet eras. Through a systematic theological approach, this analysis explores how the Church, as a community of faith and a spiritual organism, must re-understand its existence amidst the increasingly dominant presence of digital media in believers' lives.In the pre-internet era, church life revolved around physical gatherings, conventional liturgies, and direct spiritual authority. However, in the digital age, new forms of ministry have emerged, such as online worship services, virtual communities, and the dissemination of the Word through social media and other digital platforms. These changes offer opportunities to reach a broader audience but also pose serious challenges such as digital individualism, theological distortion, and a crisis of spiritual authority.This article concludes that the Church needs to develop adaptive ministry strategies while remaining faithful to the essence of Christian spirituality. By maintaining a balance between online and offline ministries and strengthening theological understanding amidst the rapid flow of information, the Church can remain relevant and effective in carrying out its mission.