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Bangladesh merupakan negara tujuan utama untuk menjadi tempat pengungsian dari etnis Rohingya. Kehidupan di kamp-kamp pengungsian di Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, sangat mengkhawatirkan akibat tingginya angka kekerasan berbasis gender yang terjadi. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) sebagai salah satu badan dari Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) yang bertanggungjawab terhadap seluruh pengungsi di dunia hadir untuk memberikan solusi melalui kerjasama dengan pemerintah Bangladesh dan Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM) dalam mengatasi isu kekerasan berbasis gender. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, penelitian ini menjelaskan bagaimana UNHCR menjalankan fungsi dan tanggung jawabnya di Bangladesh. Teori yang digunakan sebagai landasan adalah liberalisme internasional dan feminisme radikal. Hasil penelitian memberi gambaran, bahwa perlindungan bagi para pengungsi belum dapat dikatakan aman jika dilihat dari beberapa konflik yang telah terjadi hingga merenggut nyawa etnis Rohingya.

Bullying has serious and long-term effects on adolescents. Victims of bullying have a higher risk of experiencing physical and psychosomatic problems such as headaches, stomachaches, and sleep problems. They are also at higher risk of internalizing problems such as anxiety and depression in young adulthood and middle adulthood. Bullying can also have a negative impact on both the victim and the bully. It can lead to physical injury, social and emotional distress, self-harm, and even death. Teens who bully others have a higher risk of drug abuse, academic problems, and experiencing violence in adolescence and adulthood. The issue of bullying becomes a big problem if it is not addressed. It is important to prevent bullying and provide support to those who are victims. The object of this research material is a case of bullying according to the hadith themes. This study uses a qualitative approach by applying the thematic method. The results of this study show that the themes of hadith can be formulated in the theoretical framework of the phenomenon of bullying in adolescents. The discussion of this study explains that bullying is not relevant to the teachings of Islam

ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the efforts of the non-governmental organization Kakak Foundation and to describe the inhibiting factors of the efforts of the non-governmental organization Yayasan Kepedulian untuk Anak (Kakak Foundation) in protecting the right to protection of child victims of sexual violence in Surakarta City. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. With data sources obtained from informants, documents, and places of events. The sampling technique was used with purposive sampling. Data collection techniques used interviews, observation, and documentation studies. The data validity test uses triangulation of methods and data sources. While data analysis techniques with data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study are 1) Efforts of Non-Governmental Organization Kakak Foundation in protecting the right to protection of child victims of sexual violence in Surakarta City from the elaboration of laws and regulations related to the right to protection of child victims of sexual violence consists of 7 rights, namely (a) the right to the provision of information on protection rights and facilities, (b) the right to provide access to information on the implementation of protection, (c) the right to protection from the threat or violence of the perpetrator and other parties and the recurrence of violence, (d) the right to protection of identity confidentiality, (e) the right to protection from the attitude and behavior of law enforcement officers who humiliate victims, (f) the right to protection from loss of employment, job transfer, education, or political access, and, (g) the right to protection of the victim and/or reporter from criminal prosecution or civil lawsuit for the crime of sexual violence that has been reported. 2) The inhibiting factors are (a) difficulty in obtaining information on child victims of sexual violence, (b) pressure and threats made by the perpetrator, (c) the victim's unstable mental and psychological condition, and (d) many considerations for the victim if they have to take legal action. Keywords: Rights, Child Victims of Sexual Violence, Foundation

Waste management is a systematic and sustainable activity that includes reducing and handling waste. Social conflict is a social process in which individuals or groups try to fulfill their goals by opposing opposing parties accompanied by threats or violence. The aim of this research is to describe the social conflict that occurs in the community living around the Sambutan District TPA in the form of a foul smell arising from piles of rubbish as well as acts of thuggery experienced by rubbish truck drivers and to describe the implementation of Law Number 18 of 2008 concerning Waste Management in Overcoming Social Conflict Between Communities Around the Sambutan District TPA. Types of qualitative phenomenological research. The research was conducted at the Sambutan District TPA in March 2024- May 2024. The research subjects were one Head of the Sambutan TPA UPTD, one TPA Supervisor and four communities around the Sambutan TPA using observation, interview and documentation techniques. Data analysis techniques are data collection, data reduction, data presentation and data collection. The results of the research show that the implementation of Law Number 18 of 2008 concerning Waste Management in Overcoming Social Conflict between the communities around the Sambutan District TPA shows that the head of the UPTD and the Sambutan TPA Supervisor have carried out waste management in accordance with Law Number 18 of 2008, such as using waste during 3 days to reduce the stench from piles of rubbish and operate rubbish truck drivers at certain hours to avoid acts of thuggery at night, this is to overcome social conflicts between communities around the TPA in Sambutan sub-district

The application of restorative justice in cases of sexual violence in Indonesia actually has the potential to cause major losses for victims, resulting in victims not getting the right to recovery for what they experienced and the perpetrators being free from responsibility for the criminal punishment they should receive. This research aims to find out and explain efforts that can be made to prevent and overcome the recurrence of gang rape cases whose investigations have been stopped for reasons of restorative justice. The research method used is Normative Law research which obtains data from secondary data consisting of primary legal material, secondary legal material and tertiary legal material, with systematic identification of Legal Norms. The research results show that the practice of marrying the perpetrator to the victim in rape cases is often considered a form of restorative justice. In fact, the application of restorative justice in cases of sexual violence in Indonesia actually has the potential to cause major losses for the victim. As a result, victims do not get the right to recovery for what they experienced and the perpetrators are free from responsibility for the criminal punishment they should receive.  Using crime prevention theory, it was found that the criminal justice process is the key to providing a deterrent effect to criminals or to people who have the potential to commit the same crime, so this process must be carried out well so that the application of criminal law can have an impact on not repeating the same criminal act. by the perpetrator. Settlement of sexual violence cases using peace mechanisms or marrying the victim to the perpetrator is completely unjustified and will always be detrimental to the victim. If victims do not receive the justice they hope for, more victims of sexual violence will be reluctant to resolve their cases through law enforcement mechanisms. It is hoped that the government, especially law enforcement officials, will need to evaluate the provisions for implementing restorative justice in cases of sexual violence and revise technical regulations that strengthen protection and recovery for victims.

This study aims to analyze the impact of self-esteem (HD) on dating violence (DV) using simple linear regression analysis. The results show that there is a significant relationship between HD and DV, with an unstandardized regression coefficient of 0.992, meaning that every one-unit increase in HD is expected to cause a 0.992-unit increase in DV. Although this relationship is statistically significant, the correlation coefficient (R) of 0.310 indicates that the effect of HD on DV is relatively weak. This suggests that while there is a positive relationship between the two variables, the strength of the relationship is not substantial enough to have a major impact on DV. Previous research also shows similar findings, where the relationship is significant but weak. A limitation of this study lies in the use of a simple linear regression model that includes only one independent variable. Therefore, further research using multiple regression models is recommended, incorporating additional variables that may have a greater impact on DV. This study provides an initial understanding of the relationship between self-esteem and dating violence, but further development is needed to strengthen the findings.

This study investigates the legal protections available for victims of domestic violence in Indonesia. It comprehensively analyses existing laws, policies, and support systems designed to safeguard victims and hold perpetrators accountable. The research highlights significant gaps in legal protections, including the inadequacy of current legislation, enforcement challenges faced by law enforcement agencies, and the societal stigma that victims often encounter. Through qualitative methods, including interviews with legal experts, social workers, and victims and a thorough review of relevant case law, the study aims to identify the barriers that prevent victims from accessing justice. Key findings reveal that while some legal frameworks are in place, they often lack effective implementation, leaving many victims vulnerable. Additionally, the research emphasizes the need for a more coordinated response among various stakeholders, including government agencies, NGOs, and community organizations, to create a supportive environment for victims. Recommendations for improving legal frameworks and support services are presented, aiming to ensure that victims receive adequate protection and have meaningful access to justice. By addressing these issues, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on enhancing legal protections for domestic violence victims in Indonesia.

Violent theft is indeed a crime that makes society restless. People dare to do it because of weak economic factors and always expect wealth that takes the property of others. The phenomenon that has occurred in society lately is that many perpetrators of violent theft are minors. This study aims to determine, examine and analyze 1. The Criminal Act of Violent Theft in Positive Law, 2. The Purpose of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Based on Several Paradigms (Individual Guidance, Restorative Paradigm, and Distributive), According to the Beijing Rules, and the Children's Convention. The approach method used in this study is normative juridical. The specification of this study is descriptive analytical, the data source used is secondary data. Secondary data is data obtained from library research consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Based on the research results, it can be concluded: 1. The crime of aggravated theft or theft with violence regulated in Article 365 is also a theft with qualifications or is a theft with aggravating elements. Thus, what is regulated in this article is actually only one crime, and not two crimes consisting of the crime of 'theft' and the crime of 'using violence against people'. 2. The juvenile justice system will prioritize the welfare of children and will ensure that any reaction to juvenile lawbreakers will always be commensurate with the circumstances of both the lawbreakers and the lawbreakers.

Maternal health issues refer to reproductive health issues, including comprehensive information and education on sex, contraception, access to legal and safe abortion, sexually transmitted diseases, and HIV/AIDS diagnosis. The high MMR and low understanding of reproductive health are indicators of the government's weakness in protecting and implementing the reproductive health rights of citizens. This study aims to find out how the influence of health promotion on adolescents' knowledge about reproductive health. The method used in this study is a type of literature study research. The results of the study convey that health promotion affects adolescents' knowledge about reproductive health. Adolescent reproductive health is a healthy situation that affects the organs, functions, and reproductive efforts of an adolescent. What is meant by health here is not only being free from illness or disability, but also mental, social, and cultural health. Adolescents are at high risk of various sexual and reproductive health problems, including the risk of unwanted pregnancy, the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV/AIDS, unsafe abortion, and sexual violence.

This study explores the juridical analysis of victims of robbery accompanied by violence. This research uses a qualitative approach. The results of the analysis show that the victims experienced significant psychological, physical and economic impacts, especially in the city of Batam. In the scarcity of laws in Indonesia, it is necessary to protect victims of robbery and violence based on laws and regulations that adhere to the rights of victims and the obligations of law enforcement. in providing effective protection to victims, including access to legal forms of rehabilitation and social tolerance. This journal provides insight for practical legal policy makers and law enforcement agencies in efforts to protect victims.  

Preventing violence against children is a global issue that requires serious attention from various stakeholders. This article discusses various prevention efforts undertaken in different countries to reduce incidents of violence against children. Approaches include educating and socializing communities, improving child protection systems, and enforcing stricter laws against perpetrators of violence. Case studies from several countries indicate that early education on children's rights and violence prevention, both in schools and within communities, is effective in changing behavior and raising awareness. Furthermore, collaboration between governments, NGOs, and the private sector is necessary to create safer environments for children. Despite numerous challenges, these efforts represent crucial initial steps in protecting children's rights and fostering a society more attentive to children's well-being.

The rise in cases of violence and abuse against children in Indonesia is the background for this research. Basically, children are unable to protect their basic rights, so legal protection is needed provided by the state. The aim of this research is to determine the role of the government in providing protection for children who are victims of sexual violence, and to find out whether rehabilitation and psychological support is needed for children who are victims of violence. sexual. The method used is a normative legal method through a statutory approach and a case approach. The aim is to focus more on supporting materials specifically discussing sexual violence against children and protection for children as victims of sexual violence and harassment. As a result, the government and society have established institutions as shelter for children who are victims of sexual violence and harassment. Apart from that, this institution also provides rehabilitation and psychological support services to support the mental recovery of children who are victims of violence and sexual abuse. This case will have an impact on the child's psychological condition which can cause trauma and serious mental problems. This will have an impact on the child's future, disrupting the development process and hampering the child's potential to become a quality individual. With strong and firm legal protection, it is hoped that it can prevent and reduce cases of violence and sexual abuse against children in Indonesia.

The purpose of this research was to determine the campaign management of a company in an effort to maintain the company's image. In this research, it examined the management of Public Relations campaigns at PT. Indonesian Commuter Train by carrying out an Anti-Sexual Harassment and Violence campaign. The reason for conducting this research is that in Indonesia cases of sexual harassment are very common, almost every year cases of sexual harassment increase, apart from that, one of the criminal acts that is often worried about by KRL commuter line passengers is sexual harassment. Therefore PT. Kereta Commuter Indonesia is carrying out a Public Relations campaign which aims to raise awareness of KRL users regarding the issue of sexual harassment and violence on public transportation. This research uses theories that are relevant to what is being studied, namely campaign management theory (Venus: 2019), as well as corporate image theory (Kotler and Keller: 2013). The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, the data collection technique used in this research is primary data in the form of interviews with informants and secondary data in the form of documentation, both data and images. With the results of campaign management used by Public Relations PT. Kereta Commuter Indonesia in maintaining the company's image through answers obtained through source triangulation, it was stated that the campaign carried out could educate and minimize sexual harassment and violence within the KR environment and this campaign also had an impact on PT's corporate image. The Indonesian Commuter Train is considered to care about issues related to sexual harassment and violence experienced by KRL users. The inhibiting factor in this anti-sexual harassment and violence campaign is the sexual harassment and violence campaign run by Public Relations PT. The Indonesian Commuter Train has not been fully implemented by KRL users because there are still many cases of harassment that occur in the KRL environment. The supporting factor is that many agencies are participating in this campaign, such as the Loreal brand, they are making talk shows about sexual harassment and violence.

The household must be a safe place for all family members. However, in fact, many households become places of suffering and suffering due to acts of violence. For victims of domestic violence, achieving psychological well-being can be a big challenge considering the trauma they have experienced. The aim of this research is to find out the psychological well-being of victims of domestic violence. The research method employed involves conducting library research, which involves collecting secondary data from various sources such as literature books, research findings, journals, and articles. Research shows high rates of violence, depression, anxiety and PTSD among women receiving specialist domestic violence services.

Sexual violence is deviant sexual behavior that can affect the health and life of the victim. Various studies show that teenagers are vulnerable to experiencing sexual violence, both from people they know and strangers. This literature review research on 10 articles on the internet aims to understand more about sexual violence against teenagers. Based on the results of the literature review, it was found that sexual violence against adolescents can occur in various forms, such as rape, molestation, sexual harassment, or sexual exploitation. Research also shows that risk factors for sexual violence in adolescents include a disharmonious family environment, previous experiences of violence, conflicting lifestyles, and low levels of education. Sexual violence in adolescents can have short-term and long-term impacts on the health and well-being of victims. Short-term impacts include physical, emotional, and psychological injuries, while long-term impacts can include psychological disorders, including depression, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress, and suicidal ideation. To reduce the risk of sexual violence in adolescents, there needs to be ongoing prevention and education about healthy sexuality and social responsibility in respecting human rights and respecting human dignity. Prevention can be carried out at the individual, family and community levels, including providing counseling support to victims and providing rehabilitation and recovery services.  

Preventing violence against children is a global issue that requires serious attention from various stakeholders. This article discusses various prevention efforts undertaken in different countries to reduce incidents of violence against children. Approaches include educating and socializing communities, improving child protection systems, and enforcing stricter laws against perpetrators of violence. Case studies from several countries indicate that early education on children's rights and violence prevention, both in schools and within communities, is effective in changing behavior and raising awareness. Furthermore, collaboration between governments, NGOs, and the private sector is necessary to create safer environments for children. Despite numerous challenges, these efforts represent crucial initial steps in protecting children's rights and fostering a society more attentive to children's well-being

This study investigates the role of women in the field of penology and the impact of sexual violence on children through literature analysis. The main focus is to provide women's contribution in handling crime and rehabilitation in prison institutions as well as implementing policies for the safety and welfare of children who are victims of sexual violence. Through in-depth literature observations, this research provides insight into the various perspectives and approaches used in addressing these issues.    

The refugee crisis experienced by Bangladesh due to the mass exodus of Rohingya refugees fleeing ethnic conflict in Myanmar is one of the largest refugee issues in the world. This crisis needs to be addressed immediately as it can threaten the lives of both the local population and the refugees themselves. Overcrowded shelters, housing nearly 1 million refugees with half of the population being children, increase the risk of disease transmission and violence, which can be a deadly combination for children. Therefore, to tackle the refugee problem, especially in fulfilling the rights of Rohingya children in Bangladesh, international actors' assistance is urgently needed. One of the organizations involved is UNICEF. UNICEF strives to provide aid in line with its capabilities and functions as an international organization focused on children and women. The aid provided by UNICEF is in the form of foreign aid or humanitarian assistance, divided into two types: material assistance and technical assistance. Material assistance includes the provision of clean water, food, hygiene supplies, education, and shelter. Technical assistance is provided through protection, training, and counseling. In its efforts to meet the needs of Rohingya refugee children, UNICEF has established the "UNICEF’s Humanitarian Action for Children in Bangladesh: Rohingya Influx" program, covering several sectors, including Child Protection, Health, Education, Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH), and Nutrition. The humanitarian assistance provided aligns with the stipulations of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) regarding the fulfillment of the rights of refugee children.

This research aims to determine the prevalence of cases of violence against children based on hadith and law no. 35 of 2014. Violence against children is a serious problem that affects children's welfare and development. This article presents an analysis of violence against children based on the hadith perspective and Law no. 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection. Through a literature review, this article describes the concept of violence against children according to Islamic teachings as well as the legal perspective regulated in Law no. 35 of 2014. Apart from that, this article also discusses the impact of violence on children and prevention efforts that can be taken from both a religious and legal perspective. It is hoped that this article can provide deeper insight into child protection in the context of violence and provide a basis for efforts to overcome violence against children in society.

The illegal arms trade is a serious threat to global stability and human security. These practices not only exacerbate armed conflicts and violence, but also threaten the national security of various countries, create regional instability, and increase the risk of terrorism and transnational crime. To respond to this challenge, the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) was introduced in 2014 as an effort by the international community to combat the illegal arms trade. The ATT aims to regulate the international trade in conventional arms, prevent and eliminate illegal arms transfers, and ensure that the arms trade is conducted responsibly and transparently. This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the ATT regime in reducing the spread of illegal weapons globally by analyzing the impact of ATT implementation on the flow of illegal weapons. The research design used for this paper is a desk research method with journal reading sources and websites (online). We use the theory of Compliance Regime Effectiveness and the concept of Ex-Post Facto to analyze. The results show that the ATT has contributed to strengthening the regulation of the arms trade through increased transparency and accountability among member states.