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This study aims to describe the principles of legality in Indonesia and France. This study uses normative legal research methods, namely secondary legal materials in the form of data obtained from books and opinions of experts related to this study. The results of this study indicate that the principles of legality in Indonesia and France highlight the importance of legal certainty, human rights, and a sense of justice in the criminal law system. In Indonesia, the principle of legality has been regulated in the Criminal Code since 1946, but its application is often not pure because of the customary law that still applies. Although there have been amendment efforts, it often ends in a confusing system. Meanwhile, in France, the principle of legality developed from resistance to arbitrary power, which was emphasized in the Habeas Corpus Act in England in 1679. This principle gives parliament the authority to determine the components of violations and their sanctions, as a guarantee of the freedom of citizens from excessive tyrannical actions.

This study examines communication strategies in promoting national values ​​in the era of social media which has a very important role in building collective awareness and strengthening the sense of national unity. Social media, as a fast and broad means of communication, offers challenges as well as opportunities for efforts to strengthen nationality. In this context, an effective communication strategy must utilize digital platforms to disseminate inclusive national messages, prioritize tolerance, and strengthen national identity. The approaches used can be in the form of utilizing visual content, narratives that touch emotions, and collaboration with influencers and public figures to create a greater impact. In addition, it is important to pay attention to the aspects of speed and accuracy of information, so that the message conveyed is not easily distorted or misinterpreted. This study uses method a qualitative approach with a case study design to understand communication strategies in promoting national values ​​in the era of social media. The qualitative approach was chosen because it allows researchers to explore in depth the communication phenomena that occur in society, especially on social media. This study discusses various communication techniques and models that can be used to convey national values ​​to the younger generation, as well as the challenges faced in managing information amidst the diversity of opinions on social media. The results of this study to contribute to the development of more effective communication strategies in promoting national values ​​in the digital era.

SMEs are the backbone of the local economy and require contextualized and adaptive leadership and human capital management strategies. This article aims to describe the indigenous values-based leadership model implemented in Aglaia Shoes Cleaning-a shoe-care SME in Malang City-and how it contributes to strengthening human capital. The service activities were carried out through a participatory and educative approach, including soft skills training, structuring work structures, and preparing simple SOPs based on local cultural values such as mutual cooperation, responsibility, and perseverance. The results of the activities show that a leadership approach that integrates indigenous values can create a more collaborative work environment, increase productivity, and foster loyalty and a sense of ownership in the work team. Strengthening human capital does not only occur through increasing technical capacity, but also through instilling local values and work ethics. This model has the potential to be replicated in other MSMEs with similar characteristics to encourage local culture-based business sustainability.

This study aims to apply pop-up book media to human senses in IPAS learning to improve the learning interest of fourth grade students of MI Malik Ibrahim Jenggawah. The background of this study shows the low interest in learning of students which has a negative impact on their academic achievement. Students who are not interested in reading and rarely do so tend to have difficulty in understanding the subject matter. This study uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method which consists of four stages, namely planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data collection includes observation, and documentation. Data analysis techniques use descriptive qualitative approach analysis. The results of the study showed that there was a significant increase in students' learning interest after the application of pop-up book media. After the action was carried out, students were more enthusiastic, participated and understood. The study shows that the use of pop-up book media can create a pleasant and effective atmosphere in learning.    

The social conflict that occurred in Negeri Masihulan, Central Maluku Regency, in April 2025, resulted in dozens of residents' houses burning down and had serious psychological impacts, especially for children. Children as a vulnerable group experience fear, anxiety, and trauma due to conflict and displacement situations. This community service aims to provide psychosocial assistance through trauma healing as an effort for non-litigation legal protection for child victims of social conflict. This activity was carried out using the approach of playing, drawing, telling stories, and praying together, attended by 30 children aged 5-13 years. The results of the activity showed positive changes in the emotional condition of children, a growing sense of security, and an increased spirit of togetherness after the conflict. Trauma healing has proven to be an effective instrument in psychological recovery as well as a form of implementation of community-based legal protection. It is hoped that this activity will become a model in handling child victims of conflict in areas prone to social conflict in Maluku.

This study examines communication strategies in promoting national values ​​in the era of social media which has a very important role in building collective awareness and strengthening the sense of national unity. Social media, as a fast and broad means of communication, offers challenges as well as opportunities for efforts to strengthen nationality. In this context, an effective communication strategy must utilize digital platforms to disseminate inclusive national messages, prioritize tolerance, and strengthen national identity. The approaches used can be in the form of utilizing visual content, narratives that touch emotions, and collaboration with influencers and public figures to create a greater impact. In addition, it is important to pay attention to the aspects of speed and accuracy of information, so that the message conveyed is not easily distorted or misinterpreted. This study uses method a qualitative approach with a case study design to understand communication strategies in promoting national values ​​in the era of social media. The qualitative approach was chosen because it allows researchers to explore in depth the communication phenomena that occur in society, especially on social media. This study discusses various communication techniques and models that can be used to convey national values ​​to the younger generation, as well as the challenges faced in managing information amidst the diversity of opinions on social media. The results of this study to contribute to the development of more effective communication strategies in promoting national values ​​in the digital era.

Memorizing the Qur’an is not just about the ability to store verses in memory, but also about how to maintain those memorized verses so that they remain strong and enduring in the long term. At MA Raudlatul Ulum Putri, the tahfidz activity is an essential part of the daily routine of the female students, and the method of takror (repetition) is implemented as the main strategy to support the sustainability of their memorization. This study aims to describe how the takror method is implemented in the Qur’an Memorization program and its impact on students' retention of memorized verses. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data was collected through observations, interviews with the tahfidz teachers, and several students.  The findings show that the implementation of takror is carried out in three stages: planning, implementation, and evaluation. All activities are organized by one teacher responsible for tahfidz, and are conducted in a special class that accommodates takror time separately from general lessons. This takror method not only strengthens the students' memory of the verses they have memorized but also fosters a sense of responsibility, discipline, and provides tranquility and satisfaction for the students in the process of memorizing the Qur’an).

The aim of this research is to show how to maintain the existence of the sharia accounting profession in the era of industrial revolution 5.0 in Indonesia. The research method is qualitative with the type of literature study. The results of the research are that strategies for maintaining the existence of the sharia accounting profession in the era of the industrial revolution 5.0 in Indonesia can still be maintained in various ways, namely: (1) Designing assignments that are non-routine and unstructured, where the performance of judgment and wisdom really requires a mindset. humans and special skills that can only be done by humans and cannot be done by technology such as robots or other technological tools; (2) Using Technical Skills and Ethics (TEQ) by understanding relevant technology and acting with ethics and a sense of responsibility not only to stakeholders in the world but to Allah SWT in the afterlife; (3) The duties of sharia accountants as supervisors of sharia-based industries provide great opportunities for sharia accountants to maintain their existence (4). There is no need to worry about the impending threat of industrial revolution 5.0 in the sharia accounting profession because technological developments cannot be prevented. However, what must be done is to adapt and improve the quality of accounting education by providing services both virtual and conventional and (5) Technology will never be able to replace the role of ethics and Islamic religious values ​​and principles in business concepts or transactions based on Islamic sharia.

The construction of a gazebo on the grounds of the Rectorate Building at Campus 1 of Gorontalo State University is an integral component of the Building Design Studio I course, which bridges theoretical knowledge and practical application for vocational students. This study aims to explore the process of student involvement in the design, implementation, and completion of the gazebo project, as well as to assess its alignment with the theory of simple building design and construction. The methods used for this project included on-site design evaluations, selection of local materials, distribution of group tasks, site analysis, creation of technical drawings, phased construction involving the lower, middle, and upper structures, and finishing. The results indicate that students effectively translated their technical drawings into a functional and aesthetically appealing structure. The gazebo was built using locally sourced materials, such as wood and bamboo, ensuring the structure met necessary strength standards while blending harmoniously with the campus environment. The activity highlighted the relevance of theoretical knowledge, with discussions emphasizing key concepts such as sustainability, accuracy in measurement, and effective team coordination. Furthermore, students' active participation in the project significantly enhanced their technical and managerial competencies, fostering a sense of responsibility toward the maintenance and development of campus facilities. The hands-on nature of the project also allowed students to gain real-world experience in construction practices, which directly contributes to their vocational training. This project serves as an effective example of project-based learning in vocational education, combining practical skills development with theoretical understanding. By engaging in this real-world application, students were able to strengthen their problem-solving abilities and gain insights into the complexities of construction projects, ultimately preparing them for professional careers in the field of architecture and building design

This study investigates the dual impact of teacher competence on student academic performance and the development of leadership qualities in Senior High Schools and Vocational High Schools in Kabupaten Serang, Banten Province. Using a qualitative research approach, data were collected through interviews, focus groups, and classroom observations involving teachers and students. The findings reveal that teacher competence encompasses not only mastery of subject matter and pedagogical skills but also emotional intelligence and leadership modeling. Competent teachers create supportive and participatory learning environments that enhance both academic achievement and leadership development among students. The research highlights that effective teachers are those who not only deliver content but also engage students in meaningful ways, fostering a sense of belonging and motivation. This engagement is crucial, as it encourages students to take ownership of their learning and develop critical thinking skills. Furthermore, the study identifies that teachers who model leadership behaviors—such as ethical decision-making, effective communication, and collaboration—significantly influence students' perceptions of leadership and their willingness to adopt similar traits. However, challenges such as limited access to professional development and resource constraints affect the full realization of teacher competence. Many teachers express a desire for ongoing training and support to enhance their skills, yet systemic barriers often hinder their professional growth. The study underscores the need for comprehensive teacher development programs and policy support to improve educational outcomes holistically. These insights are valuable for educators, policymakers, and school administrators aiming to foster academic excellence and leadership skills in students. By prioritizing teacher competence and providing the necessary resources, schools can create an environment that not only promotes academic success but also prepares students to become effective leaders in their communities. 

Environmental education plays a crucial role in modern curricula, emphasizing sustainability and ecological responsibility to address global challenges. This study compares faith-based and secular environmental education strategies, focusing on how theological reflection and ecological consciousness are integrated into teaching frameworks. Faith-based schools, particularly those rooted in Christianity and Islam, incorporate ecological ethics within religious teachings, framing environmental stewardship as a moral and spiritual duty. In contrast, secular models prioritize scientific literacy and environmental problem-solving. The study reveals that faith-based models promote both scientific understanding and moral engagement with environmental issues through religious values like Imago Dei (in Christian schools) and khalifah (in Islamic schools). These values instill a sense of moral accountability, motivating students to act sustainably. The research also highlights how curriculum design, teacher involvement, and experiential learning contribute to the effectiveness of both models in fostering ecological responsibility. By comparing these approaches, the study proposes an integrative eco-theological pedagogical framework that combines the strengths of both methods to promote long-term commitment to sustainability. The findings have implications for educational policy, curriculum development, and teacher training, especially in pluralistic school settings where diverse perspectives must be considered. Integrating ecological ethics into education can cultivate a generation committed to sustainability and ethical responsibility.

Character in the sense of attitude or behavior is closely related to language, and this relationship is logical or structural because language is a reflection of a person's attitudes and behavior.  Language is a symbol of human existence that can be known about their desires, educational background, customs, even their region or country of origin.  When someone communicates by choosing polite words and expressions, that person will use good sentences. Providing direction and socialization about positive language attitudes can improve language skills and foster polite and polite character among teenagers. This community service activity was held at youth youth organization Rt.001/Rw.004 Tanah Baru, Beji, Depok City, West Java. The way to select partners is based on survey and interview results, namely that the majority of teenagers still often use slang and viral language that is not educational. The method of implementing this activity is education as well as direction and socialization. The results of this community service activity are Karang Taruna youth have gained knowledge and experience regarding polite and polite character through positive language attitudes so that it will really help teenagers in socializing with their surrounding environment.

The aim of the service is to find out how the sub-district government is making efforts to empower the community of brick craftsmen in Kayumalue Ngapa Subdistrict, North Palu District, Palu City. Community Empowerment is an activity to increase community participation in accessing and enjoying a better and more decent life so that they experience increased capacity and social protection. This activity is carried out through community service, which is a community service-based activity to increase students' sense of empathy for the conditions of society and their environment. community service was carried out in North Palu District, Kaymalue Ngapa Village, with the results of this service showing that efforts to empower the community's economy through the red brick industrial center are an effort to utilize natural resources in Kaymalue Ngapa Village. The implementation is a craft activity that utilizes human resources. By empowering the community's economy through the red brick industrial center, it can increase the community's economic income. The existence of a red brick industrial center creates jobs for the community thereby increasing the community's economic income. The increase in income from working in the red brick industry can be seen from the income one earns. His income is sufficient to meet basic needs and basic needs.

In community service, elementary school children are invited to understand the process of the rice grain chain and how the rice reaches the dining table. This activity not only teaches elementary school children about the rice supply chain, but is also expected to foster a sense of gratitude and appreciation for the food they eat every day. This activity is carried out using interactive storytelling methods using props, discussions and using interactive games. Evaluation is also carried out informally through observations during discussions and games, and by giving short questions to children about their stages and their respective roles. This learning activity contains values ​​from the SDGs, namely ending hunger (SDGs 2) and sustainable consumption (SDGs 12). The purpose of this service is for elementary school children to know the journey of rice from the rice fields to the dining table by using pictures and telling stories for each group, in addition to elementary school children to work together and need each other..    

Suboptimal waste management in Kalijoso Village, Secang District, Magelang Regency, is a critical issue that impacts environmental sustainability and public health. The inefficiency of conventional waste disposal methods has led to increased waste accumulation, soil and water pollution, and the spread of diseases, which has significant consequences for local communities. To address these challenges, the local government and community organizations have embraced the principles of the 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) through a transformation of traditional waste disposal sites (TPS) into 3R TPS. The new approach focuses on sustainable waste management practices that reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills. One of the key strategies implemented is educational outreach to raise awareness about the importance of waste segregation and recycling. Additionally, training programs have been conducted to teach the community how to process organic waste, particularly through the cultivation of maggots using Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae. This method not only helps reduce the volume of organic waste but also provides a practical solution for transforming waste into valuable resources. The maggots cultivated during the demonstration are used as animal feed, which creates a sustainable circular economy within the community. Furthermore, composting organic waste results in high-quality compost that supports local agricultural activities. This has added economic value by reducing the need for chemical fertilizers, while simultaneously improving soil health. The role of the Salakan Hamlet Youth Organization has been instrumental in this initiative. They have successfully managed a waste bank, providing an organized and systematic approach to waste collection and recycling. This initiative has fostered a sense of community responsibility and has not only improved waste management practices but also contributed to the overall economic development of the village.

This article examines the concept of wisdom in Proverbs 1:7 as an ethical guideline for the growth of Christian faith. In the midst of modern challenges such as moral relativism, secularization, and the crisis of spiritual authority, a re-understanding of Biblical wisdom becomes a significant theological urgency. Through a hermeneutical-theological approach, this study integrates exegesis of the text of Proverbs 1:7 with contextual analysis and ethical reflection to show that the “fear of the LORD” is the epistemological and moral foundation of the believer's life. Wisdom, in the biblical sense, functions not only as a rational faculty, but also as a divine gift that shapes character, deepens relationship with God, and enables believers to live ethically in society. The results show that the growth of true Christian faith is reflected in an active spirituality and ethical actions that are rooted in a God-fearing relationship. Thus, Proverbs 1:7 is not only a theological basis, but also relevant as a practical principle in shaping an authentic and transformative Christian life in the contemporary era.

The dual citizenship policy in Indonesia is a complex issue within national law and has various implications, including from the perspective of Islamic law. Islamic law does not explicitly regulate the concept of citizenship in the modern sense but has principles that can be used to analyze this policy, such as al-wala’ (loyalty), mu’ahadah (agreements), and maqasid al-shariah (the objectives of Islamic law). This study employs a normative juridical method with a conceptual and comparative legal approach to understand how Islamic law can contribute to assessing Indonesia's dual citizenship policy. The findings indicate that although Islamic law does not explicitly prohibit dual citizenship, certain principles must be considered, such as loyalty to the state and justice in legal relations. Therefore, the implementation of the dual citizenship policy in Indonesia should take into account aspects of Islamic law to align with the national legal identity based on Pancasila and the values of justice.

The public's perception of teaching in SLB is a difficult thing because dealing with children in SLB, but teaching in SLB is not entirely difficult if we do it sincerely. The purpose of this study was to find out the experiences faced by teachers with non-specialized backgrounds teaching ABK in special schools. This study involved three teachers with the data collection technique in this study was semi-structured interviews. This research uses an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach regarding the experiences and difficulties of teaching for teachers with non-specialist backgrounds in teaching children with special needs. There are two main themes found: (1) Description of cognitive condition, (2) Description of emotional condition. The results of this study indicate that job constraints do not worsen the working conditions of the three subjects, making them feel grateful for their careers as non-PLB teachers. These three individuals can survive with 27 their jobs because they have a sense of attachment to the SLB children, a supportive workplace, family support, and support.

Mass media plays a crucial role in shaping public perceptions of various groups, including Muslims. This study examines how Muslims are represented in the media and its impact on national identity. The research employs a literature review method with content analysis from academic journals, books, and news reports. The findings show that Muslim representation in the media varies, often exhibiting biases that influence public perception. In politics, Muslims are frequently associated with extremism, particularly in Western media. In social and cultural aspects, negative stereotypes persist despite some media highlighting positive Muslim contributions. These representations impact national identity, either strengthening or weakening individuals' sense of belonging to their country and their access to citizenship rights. Therefore, more objective and balanced journalism practices are needed to support the creation of an inclusive and harmonious society.

This Community Service Activity aims to provide a solution for equitable and affordable internet access for residents in the Griya Ciledug Housing area. In today's era, internet connectivity has become a basic need that not only supports communication activities, but also education, economy, and social services. Through a participatory approach, this activity actively involves residents in the planning, installation, and management of a shared internet network system. The results of the activity show a significant increase in the availability of internet access in the area, strengthening collaboration between residents, and increasing digital literacy. In addition, the active involvement of residents in network management also encourages a sense of ownership and collective responsibility. This activity is a model of technology-based community empowerment that can be replicated in other environments with similar needs.