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The development of education in the digital era requires students to master not only academic skills, but also soft skills and hard skills as a provision to face the challenges of education and the world of work. However, the learning process at Papua High School in Sorong City is still teacher-oriented, so students' communication courage and technological skills have not developed optimally. This community service activity aims to empower students through public communication training (public speaking) and computer network cable techniques to strengthen 21st century skills. The method used is a participatory approach with hands-on practice through four stages: observation, socialization, training, and evaluation. Public speaking training is focused on increasing students' courage and confidence in communicating, while network cable training emphasizes basic technical skills such as recognizing cable types, RJ-45 connector functions, crimping techniques, and connectivity testing. The results of the activities showed high participation and enthusiasm from students, as well as increased public speaking courage and basic understanding in network cable making. The integration of public communication training and technology skills has been proven to have a positive impact on the development of student competencies. Therefore, this activity is recommended as a model for developing soft skills and hard skills for high school students, especially in areas with limited access to technology learning.

Surveillance for diarrhea at the district level in Indonesia is still affected by the fragmented nature of the District Health Information System (DHIS) and Early Warning and Response System (EWARS), inconsistent reporting, patchy data interoperability, and the resulting public health delays. Although there are systems in place like the DHIS and EWARS, the persistent use of hybrid systems that combine manual and digital data entry, as well as the different skill levels of users, continues to produce issues of incompleteness, untimely reporting, and inaccurate data. The present study investigated the deficiencies in surveillance reporting of diarrhea cases, the surveillance data to determine the degree of integration and also investigated the health workers perceptions of the barriers to effective reporting. A mixed methods approach was adopted in this study where we investigated quantitatively the DHIS and routine diarrhea reports submitted for the entire year of 2023, and combined that with qualitative, in-depth interviews with the relevant surveillance officers, program managers, and district staff. The quantitative analysis indicated gaps in reporting about 55% in terms of completeness, and consistency of reporting and also significant differences were found between the manual register, DHIS, and EWARS whereby the integration of these systems was found to be low. The qualitative analysis pointed to the combination of disconnected workflows, limited cross-system interoperability, inadequate system training, excessive workloads, and weak organizational feedback, as the main barriers to effective reporting. The combination of these two datasets illustrates the fact that both system deficiencies and organizational factors are primary drivers of the reporting. Closing the gaps will require system level changes in the interoperability of reporting systems, simplified reporting workflows, training, reporting, and reporting feedback loops.

The Integration of technology in the education sector is a crucial strategy for addressing the challenges of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. This study aims to develop and examine the effectiveness of "Physical Changes of the Earth’s Environment" learning media by utilizing the interactive features of the ClassPoint platform and Edpuzzle videos in 5th-grade elementary school. The method employed is library research with a qualitative-descriptive approach, conducted through content analysis of various relevant scientific literatures from the last five years. The research findings indicate that the synergy between ClassPoint and Edpuzzle is capable of transforming abstract science materials into more concrete and engaging content for students. ClassPoint plays a role in creating a participatory digital classroom through various real-time interaction formats, while Edpuzzle reorients video-viewing activities into an active learning process through embedded question features that stimulate critical thinking. Overall, the use of these interactive media has positive implications for the escalation of active participation, concentration, and the depth of students' conceptual understanding. This study concludes that the development of ClassPoint and Edpuzzle-based learning innovations is an effective and relevant strategic step in improving the quality standards of science education in elementary schools.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) requires comprehensive management beyond pharmacological therapy, including sustainable lifestyle-based interventions. Yoga asana, as a form of mind–body intervention, integrates physical postures, breathing techniques, and relaxation practices that may influence metabolic and psychosocial pathways relevant to T2DM. This article aimed to synthesize evidence regarding the physiological mechanisms, clinical effectiveness, and healthcare implementation context of yoga asana in T2DM management, as well as to discuss the role of physicians in integrating this complementary therapy, including within health tourism settings. A narrative literature review was conducted using scientific databases, focusing on publications addressing yoga asana, mind–body interventions, T2DM, and clinical integration. The findings indicate that yoga asana is associated with improved glycemic control, including reductions in fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose, and HbA1c, alongside modulation of stress-related physiological parameters and psychological well-being. Beyond clinical outcomes, yoga asana shows potential for community-based and health tourism contexts as part of chronic disease lifestyle management. Physicians play a central role in clinical assessment, patient education, coordination with complementary therapy providers, and ongoing monitoring to ensure safe, evidence-based integration. Although current evidence suggests consistent beneficial trends, methodological heterogeneity highlights the need for more standardized and mechanistic research.  

This study aims to describe the implementation of the curriculum in mathematics learning at Al Ihsan Yapis Kotaraja Elementary School in the context of the Merdeka Curriculum. The focus of the study includes learning planning, learning implementation, the use of media and learning resources, the role of teachers and schools, and learning evaluation. The research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through questionnaires, interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing using triangulation techniques to ensure data validity. The results show that the implementation of the curriculum in mathematics learning has been quite effective. Teachers apply student-centered learning through differentiated learning and various learning strategies, such as lectures, discussions, and deep learning approaches. The most widely used media and learning resources are printed books and the internet. Teachers and schools play an important role in creating active learning and supporting the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. However, learning evaluation is still dominated by written tests, so it does not fully reflect authentic assessment in accordance with learning objectives. Therefore, improvements are needed in the application of authentic assessment and the integration of learning objectives, learning strategies, and assessment techniques so that curriculum implementation can run more optimally.

Dairy goat farming holds significant economic potential as a rural enterprise alternative, driven by increasing market demand for goat milk, which is known for being low-allergen and highly nutritious. This article presents a case study on Okane Mochi Farm, a dairy goat farming unit located in Ngaglik Village, Gebang District, Purworejo Regency. This study aims to analyze the breeding management strategies, product innovation, and economic impacts generated by the farm. The method used is field observation and descriptive study of the farm's operations. Observations indicate that the success of Okane Mochi Farm is driven by three main factors: (1) Innovation in selecting superior breeds such as Anglo Nubian and Sapera for high milk productivity; (2) Implementation of strict housing management and hygiene standards to maintain milk quality; and (3) Product diversification through flavored pasteurized milk processing and the utilization of livestock waste into organic fertilizer (zero waste). The study concludes that the upstream-downstream integration model applied by Okane Mochi Farm can serve as a reference for sustainable rural economic empowerment models.

Listening skills are frequently regarded as the most challenging aspect of English language acquisition due to the complexity of the cognitive processes involved. In an orphanage environment, limited access to learning resources remains a primary obstacle to the development of this competence. This community outreach initiative aims to sharpen the listening skills of children at the Bonang Orphanage in Banjarmasin through the integration of subtitled YouTube videos and interactive repetition drill techniques. The implementation method involved 20 children selected via purposive sampling, utilizing a one-group pretest-posttest design. The intervention procedure encompassed the presentation of listening strategies, interactive discussions, and structured repetition exercises designed to build phonological automaticity. Quantitative evaluation results indicated a significant improvement, with the participants' mean score rising from 82.9 on the pretest to 86.7 on the posttest, with a maximum achievement score of 94. The discussion reveals that the use of subtitles serves as a visual scaffolding mechanism that facilitates sound-to-form mapping, while repetition drills strengthen the participants' working memory. Overall, the utilization of digital media and repetitive exercises proved effective in lowering cognitive barriers and increasing the participants' active engagement in English language learning.

The development of esport has expanded beyond the entertainment industry and has increasingly become a strategic instrument in international relations, particularly in the practice of public diplomacy. Indonesia’s role as the host of the M4 World Championship 2023 represents a significant example of how esport events can be utilized to engage international audiences and project national roles. This study aims to analyze how Indonesia employed the M4 World Championship 2023 as a tool of public diplomacy. This research adopts a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were collected from secondary sources through documentation and literature review, including official government publications, organizer reports, media coverage, and academic literature. The analytical framework is based on Nicholas J. Cull’s theory of public diplomacy, with a specific focus on the advocacy function and the cultural function. The findings indicate that the Indonesian government, in collaboration with non-state actors such as PBESI, the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy, and Moonton Games, strategically utilized the M4 World Championship as a platform to advocate Indonesia’s role in the global esports ecosystem and to promote Indonesian cultural elements to international audiences. The integration of cultural diplomacy elements in official events and promotional materials reflects the implementation of the cultural diplomacy function, while institutional narratives and policy support reflect the advocacy function. This study concludes that esport  events such as the M4 World Championship can function as an effective instrument of public diplomacy in enhancing Indonesia’s international engagement and visibility.

This research examines the urgency of implementing the principle of joint liability in outsourcing labor relations in Indonesia following the enactment of Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning Job Creation. The primary issue addressed is the imbalance in the protection of workers' normative rights when service providers default, while user companies tend to distance themselves from legal responsibility due to the absence of a direct contractual employment relationship. The research methodology employed is juridical normative, utilizing a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results indicate that the flexibility of the outsourcing system in recent regulations often overlooks aspects of job security and worker welfare. The application of the joint liability principle is viewed as a fair legal solution to ensure that fundamental worker rights, such as minimum wages, social security, and compensation, remain fulfilled despite financial constraints on the service provider's side. The integration of responsibility between provider and user companies not only provides a guarantee for the workforce but also encourages the creation of a more ethical and responsible business climate. The research conclusion emphasizes that to achieve a balance between business efficiency and labor protection, national regulations need to clarify the position of collective responsibility in outsourcing practices in Indonesia.

The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents substantial potential for improving the quality of learning in elementary education, particularly through the application of AI prompts as instructional support in lesson planning and classroom implementation. Nevertheless, many teachers at Integrated Islamic Elementary Schools (Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu/SDIT) experience limited AI literacy and insufficient competence in designing pedagogically appropriate and effective AI prompts. This community service program aims to enhance AI literacy and strengthen the professional competence of teachers at SDIT Lukmanul Hakim Puring, Kebumen, in utilizing AI prompts to support instructional design, teaching materials development, and learning assessment. The program employed participatory methods, including socialization sessions, hands-on training, guided practice, and continuous mentoring. The results demonstrate a measurable improvement in teachers’ understanding and practical skills in constructing AI prompts aligned with pedagogical objectives. Furthermore, the integration of AI prompts contributes to increased instructional efficiency and pedagogical creativity. This program is expected to provide a sustainable model for supporting digital transformation in elementary school education.

This study examines the integration of social activities and leadership values in shaping the character of students by the PIJAR Semarang Community as a form of community-based non-formal education. The background of this study stems from the increasing problems with student character, such as low empathy, responsibility, and self-confidence, as well as the increasing cases of violence and bullying in the educational environment. These conditions indicate that formal education has not been fully able to address the challenges of shaping student character. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The research was conducted at the PIJAR Semarang Community by involving community managers, volunteers, and students as research subjects. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation of activities, and documentation to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the character-building process. The results of the study show that the PIJAR Semarang Community integrates social activities and leadership values through academic and non-academic learning programs that are designed to be contextual and participatory. Social activities such as play-based learning, social action, field trips, art performances, and leadership training are the main media for instilling character values. The character values developed include responsibility, cooperation, empathy, discipline, and self-confidence. Leadership values are instilled through habit formation, volunteer role models, providing opportunities for participation, and the active involvement of students in every activity. This study also found several obstacles in the form of differences in student character, limited resources, and low self-confidence among some students in leadership. To overcome these obstacles, the PIJAR Semarang Community implemented intensive mentoring, motivation building, and adjustments to activities to make them more inclusive. Overall, this study confirms that the integration of social activities and leadership values in community-based non-formal education plays an important role in the holistic and sustainable character building of students.

This study explores the integration of Indonesian and the Maumere local language in academic learning, particularly in the Indonesian Language course at Universitas Muhammadiyah Maumere. The research is grounded in concerns over the weakening of local linguistic identity within higher education and the dominance of monolingual academic practices that often marginalize students’ cultural backgrounds. The objective of this study is to analyze how the integration of local language and cultural texts can strengthen students’ literacy skills, linguistic competence, and local identity awareness. Employing a qualitative approach, data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews with students and lecturers, and document analysis of learning materials and student assignments. The findings reveal that the use of Maumere language elements such as traditional narratives, expressions, and cultural concepts facilitates deeper comprehension, encourages critical literacy, and enhances students’ engagement in academic discourse. The integration strategy also supports students’ ability to bridge everyday language practices with formal academic Indonesian. This study implies that culturally responsive and bilingual oriented learning can serve as an effective pedagogical strategy in higher education, particularly in multilingual contexts, while simultaneously contributing to the preservation of local languages and the development of inclusive academic literacy.

This study examines the integration of critical reading and argumentative writing skills in Indonesian language courses at Universitas Muhammadiyah Maumere as a strategic effort to strengthen students’ academic literacy. In the digital era, university students are increasingly exposed to fragmented information, superficial reading practices, and non academic language use, which significantly affect their ability to construct logical and well supported academic arguments. This research aims to describe learning practices, identify key challenges, and analyze the implications of integrating critical reading and argumentative writing within higher education contexts. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach using classroom observations and in-depth interviews with lecturers and students. The findings reveal that students initially experience difficulties in evaluating sources, formulating arguments, and maintaining coherence in academic writing. However, the integration of critical reading activities with structured argumentative writing tasks contributes to improved analytical thinking, clarity of reasoning, and academic language use. The study also highlights the central role of lecturers in scaffolding learning processes and fostering reflective academic practices. The findings imply that integrating critical reading and argumentative writing is essential for developing students’ academic identity and intellectual responsibility, particularly in responding to contemporary challenges in higher education and digital literacy.

This study analyzes the cinematography strategies in determining creative visuals in the documentary film "2000 for Parking: The Phenomenon of Illegal Parking Attendants in Jatinangor," which documents the practice of illegal parking for Rp2,000-Rp5,000 in the Sumedang educational area as a social critique of the weak supervision of public spaces. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with frame-by-frame content analysis based on Joseph V. Mascelli's 5Cs theory and Bill Nichols' expository mode, the results demonstrate the dominance of eye-level angles (65%), low-key natural lighting (70%), handheld shaky camera (40%), and match cuts to build empathy, urgency, and a persuasive three-act narrative about the phenomenon of urban poverty. This visual strategy represents a power imbalance through low angles and rack focus, resulting in a 40% increase in audience awareness based on test screenings. Budget limitations are overcome through authentic improvisation that distinguishes the film from conventional Indonesian documentaries. The study concludes that cinematography is an effective visual storyteller for social advocacy, suggesting the integration of VR and AI-assisted techniques for future productions.

Islamic banks operate not only as financial intermediaries but also as institutions rooted in Islamic ethical values. Trust (amanah) and accountability represent core principles guiding financial management in Islamic banking. This study explores the meaning of amanah and accountability and examines how both principles are implemented in Islamic banking practices. Using a qualitative interpretive approach, data were gathered through in-depth interviews, participant observations, and systematic document analysis. The findings indicate that amanah is understood not merely as an individual moral obligation, but as an institutional principle embedded within organizational policies, corporate culture, and governance frameworks. Accountability is reflected through transparent financial reporting, effective internal audit systems, risk management procedures, and the supervisory role of the Sharia Supervisory Board. The integration of amanah and accountability enhances organizational integrity, strengthens stakeholder confidence, and improves decision-making processes. Ultimately, the study demonstrates that embedding these ethical principles contributes to public trust, regulatory compliance, and the long-term sustainability of Islamic banking institutions in increasingly competitive.

Faith education for children in contemporary Christian families is experiencing a crisis as many parents completely hand over the responsibility of faith education to schools and churches. This study aims to analyze the principles of faith education in Deuteronomy 6:4-9 and formulate strategic roles for Christian Religious Education teachers in empowering parents to implement faith education at home. The research method used is qualitative with a library research approach and hermeneutical analysis of Deuteronomy 6:4-9. The results show that Deuteronomy 6:4-9 emphasizes the importance of parental role modeling, repetitive teaching, integration of faith in daily life, and creation of a faith-rich home environment. Christian Religious Education teachers play a strategic role in empowering parents through theological training, provision of practical materials, continuous mentoring, partnership with churches, and exemplary living. Collaboration between Christian Religious Education teachers and families is essential to build a holistic faith education ecosystem so that children grow with a strong faith foundation from home.

Children living in coastal areas face various challenges in developing their literacy and creative potential due to limited access to non-formal educational facilities and adequate learning resources. This condition results in low stimulation of reading, writing, communication, and creative expression skills from an early age. This community service activity aims to develop the potential of coastal children through basic literacy learning and community-based creative arts in Wawatu Village, North Moramo District, South Konawe Regency. The method applied is a community-based participatory approach with an experiential learning design, actively involving children in various educational activities such as shared reading, storytelling, drawing, coloring, singing, reading children’s poetry, and group-based educational games. Data were collected through participatory observation, brief interviews with children, parents, and community leaders, as well as simple questionnaires to assess participants’ responses and satisfaction levels. The results indicate high enthusiasm among the children, with most participants stating that they were very happy and happy to take part in the entire series of activities. The children became more active in interacting, more confident in expressing their opinions, and showed increased interest in reading and artistic activities. In addition, parents and community leaders expressed positive responses, as the program was considered to provide a contextual and meaningful alternative learning experience. This activity demonstrates that the integration of basic literacy learning and community-based creative arts is an effective approach to holistically developing the cognitive, social, and emotional abilities of coastal children while strengthening the role of the community in supporting children’s sustainable growth and development.

Modern conflict has evolved into the cyber domain as part of hybrid warfare, demanding a reinterpretation of the Sishankamrata (Total People's Defense and Security System) doctrine to encompass the digital realm. This study aims to analyze the integration of cyber defense into the Sishankamrata framework using a literature review and comparative analysis with the cyber defense strategies of the United States, Estonia, and Singapore. The results indicate that the implementation of Sishankamrata in the cyber domain faces challenges regarding inter-institutional synergy and unclear operational roles for the Reserve and Support Components. Based on the comparative analysis, Estonia's Cyber Defence Unit model and Singapore's Digital Defence pillar are identified as the most effective blueprints for Indonesia to mobilize civilian experts and enhance social resilience. This study recommends that the government formalize "Digital Defense" as an integral pillar of Sishankamrata, establish a Cyber Reserve Component consisting of expert civilian volunteers, and strengthen legal frameworks and public digital literacy as a form of state defense

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that affects children's growth and development and remains a major public health challenge. Posyandu plays a strategic role in the prevention and early detection of stunting through community-based basic health services. This community service activity aims to optimize the role of Posyandu as a strategy for preventing and detecting stunting early in Nagreg Village, Banten. The methods used include anthropometric measurements of children aged 0–59 months and health education on nutrition for parents and Posyandu cadres. Data analysis was conducted descriptively based on age groups. The results show that out of 32 children examined, 37.5% showed indications of stunting risk. This finding suggests that the integration of growth monitoring and nutrition education at Posyandu has the potential to be an effective strategy for the prevention and early detection of stunting, as well as to support the improvement of children's health quality. This activity also enhances parents' and Posyandu cadres' understanding of the importance of monitoring nutritional status to prevent stunting more effectively.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that affects children's growth and development and remains a major public health challenge. Posyandu plays a strategic role in the prevention and early detection of stunting through community-based basic health services. This community service activity aims to optimize the role of Posyandu as a strategy for preventing and detecting stunting early in Nagreg Village, Banten. The methods used include anthropometric measurements of children aged 0–59 months and health education on nutrition for parents and Posyandu cadres. Data analysis was conducted descriptively based on age groups. The results show that out of 32 children examined, 37.5% showed indications of stunting risk. This finding suggests that the integration of growth monitoring and nutrition education at Posyandu has the potential to be an effective strategy for the prevention and early detection of stunting, as well as to support the improvement of children's health quality. This activity also enhances parents' and Posyandu cadres' understanding of the importance of monitoring nutritional status to prevent stunting more effectively.