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This study is motivated by the suboptimal use of intelligence tests in guidance and counseling services in schools, despite their important role in understanding students’ cognitive abilities as a basis for providing appropriate services. This study aims to examine the utilization of intelligence tests in guidance and counseling services to support the optimization of students’ academic development. The method used is a literature review with a qualitative approach through the analysis of 25 relevant scientific articles published between 2022 and 2026, using content analysis techniques. The results indicate that intelligence tests play an important role in identifying cognitive abilities, supporting the planning of guidance and counseling services, assisting in academic decision-making, and guiding interventions for students’ learning difficulties. In addition, intelligence is also related to academic achievement, although it is influenced by other factors such as motivation and the learning environment. However, the findings also reveal a gap between the theoretical potential of intelligence test utilization and its implementation in practice, which still faces limitations, particularly in the integration of assessment results and the accuracy of interpretation. The implications of this study highlight the need to improve counselors’ competence in the use of psychological assessments and to optimize the systematic use of test results in order to support more effective guidance and counseling services in developing students’ academic potential.

Management psychology is a crucial aspect in enhancing learning effectiveness and improving the performance of educational institutions in the face of contemporary educational challenges. This approach emphasizes the role of psychological factors such as motivation, leadership, communication, and organizational culture in supporting effective educational management. This study aims to examine the role of management psychology in improving educational quality and to explore how psychological aspects contribute to organizational effectiveness. The research uses a literature review method, drawing data from Google Scholar and Publish or Perish (PoP) with publications from 2020 to 2026 using the keyword “management psychology.” From 21 initial articles, 15 met the screening criteria, and five main articles were analyzed in depth. The findings highlight three key themes: improving performance and learning outcomes, strengthening leadership and organizational communication, and managing conflict and human resources. Overall, the literature shows that psychological approaches significantly enhance the effectiveness of educational organizations. In conclusion, management psychology plays a strategic role in educational management, and future research should expand the scope of literature and integrate quantitative methods to strengthen empirical findings.  

This study aims to analyze the visual appeal of anime characters through a case study of cosplayers in Surabaya. The focus of this research is to identify the factors that motivate cosplayers to idolize anime characters and to describe the visual elements that contribute to the formation of such appeal. This study employs a qualitative approach using observation, interviews, documentation, and questionnaire distribution to 30 active cosplayers aged 18–20 who are members of cosplay communities in Surabaya. The collected data were analyzed using Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotic approach, which emphasizes the relationship between sign, object, and interpretant in the process of visual meaning-making. The results indicate that the appeal of anime characters is not solely influenced by visual aspects but also by emotional attachment formed through character representation. Specifically, facial features (66.7%) and body gestures (33.3%) are the dominant factors influencing cosplayers’ preferences, compared to other visual elements such as color, costume, and hair details. The semiotic analysis reveals that visual elements in cosplay function as a system of signs that represent character identity while simultaneously constructing aesthetic, emotional, and narrative meanings for the audience.

The phenomenon of broken home families among elementary school students has become a significant social and psychological issue affecting learning motivation, emotional stability, character development, and academic achievement. This study aims to analyze the relationship between incomplete family conditions and students’ learning motivation, as well as the role of cognitive resilience, social support, and the school environment in maintaining academic achievement among students at MI Al Ikhlas Ancaran. Specifically, this study examines: (1) students’ cognitive conditions and learning motivation, (2) factors influencing cognitive resilience, (3) the role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in supporting learning motivation, and (4) Islamic value-based strategies to strengthen students’ cognitive resilience and learning motivation. This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach using observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation as data collection techniques. The participants included students from broken home families, Islamic Religious Education teachers, and homeroom teachers. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, while validity was ensured through source and method triangulation. The findings indicate that students from broken home families generally possess relatively good cognitive resilience, enabling them to adapt to academic challenges and manage emotional stress effectively. Their learning motivation was categorized as moderate to good, reflecting strong internal encouragement to achieve despite family difficulties. The study also found that Islamic value-based strategies effectively strengthen cognitive resilience and learning motivation. Furthermore, a positive relationship exists between cognitive resilience and learning motivation, where higher resilience contributes to stronger learning motivation. Supportive family environments, madrasah settings, and positive peer relationships were identified as important factors in enhancing students’ resilience and academic motivation.

The rapid development of coffee shop businesses in Indonesia has intensified competition among business actors, requiring companies to implement effective marketing strategies to maintain customer loyalty and encourage repeat purchases. In this context, brand image and Electronic Word of Mouth (E-WOM) are considered important factors that influence consumer perceptions and purchasing behavior. A positive brand image can create favorable impressions in the minds of consumers, while Electronic Word of Mouth through digital platforms allows customers to share experiences and opinions about products or services with a wider audience. This study aims to analyze the effect of brand image and Electronic Word of Mouth on Repurchase Decision with Customer Satisfaction as an Intervening variable. The research was conducted on consumers of Ashbab Coffee who had previously purchased its products. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to respondents who met the research criteria. The collected data were then analyzed using statistical analysis techniques to determine the relationship between the variables studied. The results of the study indicate that brand image and Electronic Word of Mouth have a positive and significant influence on Customer Satisfaction and Repurchase Decision. In addition, Customer Satisfaction also acts as a mediating variable that strengthens the relationship between brand image, Electronic Word of Mouth, and Repurchase Decision. These findings suggest that maintaining a positive brand image and encouraging positive Electronic Word of Mouth can increase Customer Satisfaction and encourage consumers to make repeat purchases.

The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) integrated with biometric technology has opened new opportunities in leadership development, particularly in enhancing emotional regulation capabilities within high-stakes environments. This study aims to analyze the role of AI-driven biometric feedback in improving self-awareness, emotional regulation, and decision-making quality among leaders. The study employs a systematic literature review approach by examining recent reputable scientific publications related to AI, biometrics, and leadership. The findings indicate that physiological data such as heart rate variability (HRV) and galvanic skin response (GSR), when processed through AI systems, can provide real-time feedback that enhances individuals’ ability to recognize and regulate emotions adaptively. Furthermore, the integration of this technology contributes to improved accuracy and consistency in decision-making under pressure. The results also reveal that the effectiveness of implementation is influenced by both technical and non-technical factors, including data quality, algorithm accuracy, and user acceptance. This study contributes to strengthening the integration of psychological and technological approaches in modern leadership research and offers practical implications for developing data-driven leadership training programs in the digital era.

Early marriage is a social and legal issue that still frequently occurs in Indonesia and has significant impacts on health, education, and socio-economic aspects. Although the minimum age for marriage has been regulated under Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 tentang Perkawinan, the practice of early marriage remains prevalent due to low legal awareness, as well as economic, cultural, and social environmental factors. This community service activity aims to increase adolescents’ understanding and legal awareness regarding the impacts and prevention of early marriage. The method used is legal counseling with an educative and participatory approach targeting adolescents aged 15–18 years. The results indicate a significant improvement in participants’ understanding of legal regulations, the negative impacts of early marriage, and the importance of delaying marriage age. Furthermore, there is a positive change in participants’ attitudes, with a greater focus on education and future planning. Therefore, legal counseling proves to be an effective preventive effort in reducing the rate of early marriage among adolescents.

Lumbar flexibility refers to the maximum capacity of the muscles in the lumbar spine to move freely. Impairment in functional movement may lead to restricted mobility, which can be influenced by disruption of biomotor components, particularly lumbar spinal flexibility. Flexibility may be affected by both internal and external factors, including age and duration of sitting during work. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between sitting duration and age with lumbar flexibility using the Modified Schober Test among employees of PT Bank Syariah Indonesia, Lhokseumawe City. This study applied a cross-sectional design and was conducted in December 2023 in the prayer room area of the PT Bank Syariah Indonesia branch office. Sampling was carried out using a total sampling technique involving 46 respondents. Data collection was performed by measuring lumbar flexibility using the Modified Schober Test method. The results showed that the highest proportion of respondents had limited lumbar flexibility, accounting for 24 respondents (52.2%). The majority of respondents had a sitting duration of 7–9 hours, totaling 26 respondents (56.5%), while the largest age group was 26–35 years, consisting of 23 respondents (50%). Spearman-Rank correlation analysis demonstrated a relationship between sitting duration and lumbar flexibility measured by the Modified Schober Test (r = 0.662). In addition, the relationship between age and lumbar flexibility also showed a correlation based on the Spearman-Rank test (r = -0.321). The study concluded that longer sitting duration and increasing age were associated with greater limitation in lumbar flexibility among employees of PT Bank Syariah Indonesia, Lhokseumawe City.

This research is motivated by the issue of employee productivity at Estetiderma Clinic Bekasi, as indicated by the unmet distribution target data during the 2021–2024 period. In addition, there are indications that improvements are needed in the effectiveness of recruitment methods and employee work discipline, as reflected in the attendance data. The purpose of this study is to determine whether recruitment (X1) and work discipline (X2) have an effect on employee productivity (Y), either partially or simultaneously, at Estetiderma Clinic Bekasi. The research method used is associative quantitative research. The population and sample consist of all 130 employees of Estetiderma Clinic Bekasi. The data analysis techniques employed include multiple linear regression analysis, correlation coefficient analysis, coefficient of determination, and hypothesis testing (t-test and F-test). The results of the study show that: (1) the recruitment variable (X1) has a t-value of 9,503 > t-table 1.978 and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a positive and significant effect of recruitment on employee productivity; (2) the work discipline variable (X2) has a t-value of 13,154 > t-table 1.978 and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating that work discipline has a positive and significant effect on employee productivity; and (3) the simultaneous F-test result shows an F-value of 114.347 > F-table 3.067 with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, which means that recruitment and work discipline simultaneously have a significant effect on employee productivity. These two variables contribute 64.3% to employee productivity, while the remaining 35.7% is influenced by other factors not included in this study.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether employee productivity affects the job desk. To determine whether the work system affects the job desk through employee productivity as an intervening variable. To determine whether work procedures affect job desks through employee productivity as an intervening variable. The research methodology was carried out using quantitative research with 33 respondents of PT Hear Life Medan employees.  From the results of hypothesis testing that has been done, H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. This shows that the work system, work procedures and job descriptions have a significant influence on employee productivity The effect of the work system on employee productivity can be seen from the coefficient of determination (R2). Based on the calculation results, the R2 value is 0.775. This means that the work system only provides an influence of 75.5% on employee productivity, while the remaining 24.5% is influenced by other factors.

This study aims to analyze people's online shopping behavior and assess its impact on family economic conditions. The development of digital technology has transformed people's consumption habits, particularly in shopping activities, which are now increasingly practical through online platforms. Easy access, product diversity, and various payment options have made online shopping a dominant trend. However, this convenience also has the potential to foster consumer behavior that impacts financial stability. This study aims to analyze bold shopping patterns and their impact on household financial conditions. The approach used is descriptive qualitative library research, collecting and analyzing data from various scientific journals, articles, and related references. The study findings indicate that online shopping has diverse effects: on the one hand, it offers time and cost savings, but on the other hand, it can lead to waste and indiscipline in family budget management if not supported by adequate self-control. Therefore, an understanding of financial management and digital literacy is crucial to ensure optimal use of technology without harming family economic well-being. Furthermore, this phenomenon requires synergy between digital platform policies and consumer education to mitigate the risk of impulsive buying. This research confirms that psychological factors often outweigh objective needs in digital transactions. As a recommendation, adaptive financial management support strategies are needed for families in this era of disruption to maintain domestic economic resilience against the pressures of a modern lifestyle.

Taxes are a primary source of state revenue and play a crucial role in supporting national development. However, increasing tax revenue still faces several challenges, particularly the lack of public awareness in fulfilling tax obligations. This study aims to examine the role of public awareness in improving taxpayer compliance and its impact on state revenue. The approach used in this research is qualitative, reviewing literature from various previous studies. Research findings indicate that tax awareness, understanding, and knowledge have a positive impact on taxpayer compliance. Other economic factors such as inflation, population, and economic growth also play a role in influencing tax revenue. However, external factors such as socialization and tax sanctions show inconsistent results. Consequently, increasing public awareness through tax education is a key strategy for sustainably improving the country's performance. In addition, transparent tax management and effective government communication are important factors in strengthening public trust and encouraging voluntary taxpayer compliance. Therefore, collaboration between the government and society is needed to create a sustainable and effective taxation system that supports national economic growth.

School snacks are one of the food sources commonly consumed by elementary school children; however, they are at risk of microbiological contamination if not properly managed. One of the pathogenic bacteria that can contaminate food is Salmonella, which can cause diarrheal disease. This study aimed to analyze hygiene and sanitation factors of food handlers on Salmonella bacterial contamination in pentol snacks at elementary schools in Palang District, Tuban Regency. This study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 20 pentol vendors and 20 pentol snack samples. Data were collected through observation using a hygiene and sanitation checklist and laboratory examination to detect the presence of Salmonella bacteria. Data analysis was initially planned using the Chi-square test; however, due to homogeneous results, the analysis was conducted descriptively. The results showed that most vendors had good hygiene and sanitation (85%) and sufficient (15%). Laboratory examination results showed that all pentol snack samples (100%) were negative for Salmonella bacteria. In conclusion, pentol snacks at elementary schools in Palang District were microbiologically safe from Salmonella contamination.

This research is grounded in the significant role of the madrasah principal in shaping students’ discipline and religious character as part of the goals of Islamic education. MTsN 4 Karawang was selected as the research site because it has various routine programs focused on habituation and character development. However, the implementation of these programs is not free from challenges. Therefore, a deeper study is needed to understand the leadership strategies applied by the principal in managing student discipline and religious activities at the school. The purpose of this study is to describe the leadership strategies used by the madrasah principal to improve student discipline, explain the principal’s role in developing students’ religious character, and identify the supporting and inhibiting factors in implementing these strategies. This study uses a qualitative method with data collected through observations, interviews, and documentation. The main informant of the research is the school principal. The collected data were reduced, presented in narrative form, and analyzed to identify patterns and meanings from the field findings. The results show that the principal applies transformational and participatory leadership through role modeling, religious habituation, and the involvement of teachers and students in monitoring discipline. The main supporting factors come from teacher collaboration, the student council (OSIS), and effective communication with parents

Turbinate hypertrophy is a condition characterized by abnormal enlargement of the nasal turbinate mucosa, which can lead to chronic nasal obstruction and decreased quality of life. This condition is associated with inflammatory processes in which eosinophils play a role as part of the immune response. This study aimed to determine the relationship between eosinophil levels and the degree of turbinate hypertrophy based on blood examination in hospitalized patients. This research used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach involving 40 patients diagnosed with turbinate hypertrophy at Cut Meutia General Hospital, North Aceh. Data were obtained from medical records, including patient characteristics, eosinophil levels, and the degree of turbinate hypertrophy. The results showed that most patients were aged 17–25 years, predominantly female, and commonly had non-allergic underlying conditions. The majority of patients had normal eosinophil levels (80%), while most cases were classified as grade III turbinate hypertrophy (65%). Statistical analysis using Fisher’s Exact Test demonstrated no significant relationship between eosinophil levels and the degree of turbinate hypertrophy (p>0.05). These findings suggest that eosinophil levels may not be a reliable indicator in assessing the severity of turbinate hypertrophy, particularly in patients with non-allergic conditions. This study highlights the need to consider other contributing factors in the evaluation and management of turbinate hypertrophy to improve diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes.

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing customer satisfaction at PT JNE Cabang Latta Ambon, focusing on five dimensions of service quality according to the SERVQUAL model: Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy. Data were collected through a questionnaire distributed to 145 respondents using shipping services. The results of the analysis indicate that of the five dimensions, only the Empathy dimension has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction (β = 0.204; p = 0.048). The other variables, while showing positive effects, did not demonstrate statistical significance. The regression model developed was able to explain approximately 22.1% of the variation in customer satisfaction, emphasizing that there are other factors beyond the measured dimensions that also influence satisfaction. The F-test results show that, simultaneously, all five dimensions of service quality significantly affect customer satisfaction, supporting the SERVQUAL theory that highlights the importance of a multidimensional approach in service delivery. Practical implications of this study suggest that PT JNE Latta Ambon should focus more on enhancing empathy and responsiveness in service, while maintaining the quality of other aspects as a minimum standard. This research provides valuable insights for developing more effective customer-oriented service strategies and opens opportunities for further research in this field.

This study was conducted to examine the extent to which product price and quality influence consumer interest in purchasing MMTC Tax. These two elements are believed to be the main considerations in the purchase decision-making process. This research applied a quantitative method using a survey technique, in which data was collected through the distribution of questionnaires to MMTC Tax service users. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression to measure the effect of each independent variable on the dependent variable. The findings show that both price and product quality have a positive and significant impact on purchasing interest. Together, these two factors were found to significantly influence consumers' willingness to make a purchase. Based on these results, it can be concluded that competitive pricing and superior product quality can drive an increase in the purchasing interest of MMTC Tax consumers.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Majikan (Sesarengan Book Study Community) activities, identify supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of activities, and examine the contribution of the “Majikan” activities to the development of Islamic education in the community. This study uses a qualitative approach taking the object of the implementation of Islamic education through the “Majikan” activities located in Jatiluhur Village, Rowokele District, Kebumen Regency, with research subjects including the chairman of GP Ansor, the administrators of the “Majikan” activities, religious leaders, and the congregation participating in the “Majikan” activities. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation to then be analyzed descriptively. The results of the study indicate that the Majikan (Sesarengan Book Study Community) activities in Jatiluhur Village are carried out consistently as a form of community-based non-formal Islamic education. These activities include reading sholawat, studying fiqh books regarding basic worship using the bandongan method, as well as closing prayers and mushafahah. This activity was driven by community involvement and support from the village government, despite challenges such as differences in educational backgrounds, time constraints, weather conditions, and location. The contribution of the "Majikan" program is to improve religious understanding, foster appropriate worship behavior, strengthen Islamic brotherhood, and raise social awareness through alms management.

The smart city concept has emerged as a primary solution to address various global urbanization challenges. However, its implementation in developing countries frequently encounters unique obstacles, such as limited infrastructure, constrained budgets, and varying levels of community readiness. This study aims to identify and analyze the critical success factors for smart city implementation in developing nations using a literature review approach. The research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, adapting the PRISMA guidelines. Data collection was conducted by screening scientific articles from leading academic databases published over the last five years. The review results indicate that the success of a smart city in developing contexts does not rely solely on technological advancement. There are four primary dimensions acting as determinants: (1) the governance dimension, encompassing regulatory support and bureaucratic transparency; (2) the technological infrastructure dimension, involving equitable internet access and centralized data integration; (3) the human resources dimension, focusing on the digital literacy of citizens and government apparatus; and (4) the financial dimension, which includes innovative financing models and public-private partnerships. The conclusion of this review emphasizes that cross-sector collaboration and strong leadership commitment remain the most crucial foundations. These findings are expected to provide a strategic reference framework for local governments in designing more sustainable and targeted smart city roadmaps.

Primary education is crucial for child development, especially at the elementary school level. Children begin to acquire various basic knowledge that will shape their cognitive, social, and emotional abilities. However, reality shows that schools can also become sites of aggressive behavior in the form of bullying. According to the Ministry of Women’s Empowerment and Child Protection (2023), cases of bullying in elementary schools have shown an increasing trend over the past five years. The purpose of this activity is to broaden students' understanding of bullying and its impacts, foster empathy and mutual respect, and strengthen the roles of teachers and parents in creating a safe and inclusive school environment. Findings indicate the presence of students who still lack understanding regarding types of bullying, with a high category showing that some individuals remain frequent targets of bullying. This may be caused by factors such as physical differences, social status, family background, or weak social support from peers. This condition indicates that schools still need to implement preventive and intervention approaches to protect students who are vulnerable to bullying.