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In psychology, temperament broadly refers to consistent individual differences in behavior that are based on biology and are relatively independent of learning, value systems, and attitudes. Every child is born with a different temperament or biological behavior, depending on the temperament or biological behavior of their parents. However, in the process of character formation, this temperament will change in the course of life according to the parenting patterns of parents and even the environment in which they live. The development of children in the social, cognitive and emotional fields is very important in their future life when starting life or maturing. Parenting patterns are divided into 4 which can certainly influence a child's growth and development, namely: authoritarian (authoritarian), indulgent (permissive), authoritative (democratic), neglectful (ignorant). The aim of this research is to determine the influence of parental parenting on children's temperament. This research sample used 4 teenagers who had different parenting patterns.

Efforts to produce quality healthy and intelligent children are a priority for the national development program. In achieving this goal, of course, requires the involvement of many parties. The strategic thing is to empower families to be able to provide and carry out optimal and proper parenting for their children. So far, toddler development monitoring services have been carried out at Posyandu. The quality of services at Posyandu can be improved by involving families/parents in it, with the family empowerment movement. Purpose: Optimizing parental guidance for children in their growth period. To help emotional maturity and independence in facing life by applying proper parenting. Method: Mechanism of community service actifities (1) We introduces ourselves to the person in charge, cadre, parents of toddlers at the Posyandu, conveys information, explains the purpose and procedure of “Studying at My Children’s Home.” (2) Conduct a pre test to asses parental knowledge about family empowerment in child rearing efforts. (3) Carrying out educational/health counseling interventions regarding parental knowledge about family empowermwnt in children efforts, packaged with “Studying at My Children’s Home” activities. (4) Carrying out a post test after the intervention. (5) Analyzing data. Results: From 140 respondents, 93 people or 66.43% got good benefits. 37 people or 26.43% got sufficient benefits, and 10 people or 7.14% did not get significant benefits from “Studying at My Children’s Home” activity. Conclusion: The “Studying at My Children’s Home” activity gives a new situation to the counseling method in society or the community. With 3 (three) main activities  (1) modeling/give examples (2) Repetition and (3) Reinforcement/strengthening for something good. At the end of this community service activity, it was generally found and increase in family understanding and empowerment in childcare.  

The prevalence of stunting in the world is still relatively high, including in Indonesia and the Thousand Islands where the prevalence of stunting under five in the Thousand Islands Region is 27.1%. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a history of exclusive breastfeeding, sanitation and parenting styles on stunting in toddlers at the Puskesmas in the Panggang Island Sub-District, Seribu Islands in 2023. The type of research used in this study was to use a quantitative analytical descriptive method. The research design used was a cross-sectional or cross-sectional study. This research was conducted in the Thousand Islands Region in 2023. The time of the research was January – February 2023. This research was focused on parents who had toddlers in the Working Area of ​​the Panggang Island Village District Health Center in Thousand Islands in 2023 as many as 559 people. The required sample is 85 respondents. The sampling technique for respondents used a simple random sampling technique. The research instrument used to collect data is by using a questionnaire or questionnaire and collecting data by observation. Based on the results of the study, the effect of history of exclusive breastfeeding (P value = 0.001), sanitation (P value = 0.000) and parenting style (P value = 0.000) on stunting. The conclusion is that there is an effect of a history of exclusive breastfeeding, sanitation and parenting styles on stunting in toddlers in the Working Area of ​​the Panggang Island Village Health Center Seribu Islands in 2023.

The background of this research and activity is due to the low understanding of parents about proper parenting in accordance with the growth and development of children. The research aims to implement a parenting program in Mariana Village, Banyuasin District and increase knowledge about parenting for mothers in Mariana Village, Banyuasin District. This research method is descriptive qualitative with field studies that directly apply this parenting program to mothers in Mariana Village, Banyuasin District. The data collection techniques in this study were (1) Post test and Pretest the knowledge of Mariana's mothers about parenting. (2) Field observation. The results of this study are: (1) Increased understanding of mothers in Mariana Village, Banyuasin District regarding parenting that is appropriate for children's growth and development. (2) Formation of parenting skills for mothers in Mariana Village, Banyuasin District Parenting Program Activities; Parenting; Mariana Village Women.

Indonesia is a country with a stunting prevalence that can still be categorized as high with a prevalence rate of 24.4%. Various efforts have been made by the government to be able to overcome the stunting problem that occurs through various policies and regulations as well as through national strategies and interventions. This paper aims to explain the national policies and regulations and strategies used on tackling stunting in Indonesia. The method used in this research is a literature study method where the technique is through library data collection, reading and taking notes, and managing research materials. Indonesia already has a number of national policies and strategies on stunting that are realized in the form of interventions both specific and sensitive. Specific interventions are carried out by the Health sector by focusing on priority goals and important goals, while sensitive interventions are carried out by sectors outside Health where they are carried out to increase access to nutritious food; increase awareness, commitment, and nutrition parenting practices of mothers and children; improve access and quality of nutritional and health services; and improve the provision of clean water and sanitation facilities. Policies and regulations that exist at the central level, must also be followed by follow-up in the regions to the village level and involve not only the health sector but also other related sectors.

Parents are the primary and first educators for their children, because it is from them that children first receive education. The role of parents as the main and first educators for children is also due to their heredity being destined to be parents who give birth. So naturally, like it or not, parents who are the main and first responsible for children can receive education. The parenting style of parents of children with special needs is very influential in the survival of children with special needs in the future, if parents cannot choose the right parenting style it will have an impact on the child's development process. Children with special needs are children who need extra attention from the people around them, both parents, teachers, relatives and peers. Children who have special needs do not have to be shunned or avoided but rather need to be approached and given assistance, so that the child's potential can develop properly. For children who experience health problems, both physically and mentally, special services should be given compared to other children. Likewise in learning activities, they must be provided with facilities and infrastructure according to their needs which can support the success of learning, especially to help their physical and mental development towards a better one.    

Background: School-age children are referred to as latent periods, the more independent school-age children are, the more they have problems in the selection of snacks. The findings of the Food and Drug Administration (BPOM) found several results of food content which showed 91.26% qualified, 8.71% ineligible,285 samples contained Rhodamin B, 211 samples contained Formalin, 162 samples contained Borax and 5 food samples contained Methanyl Yellow. Parenting is a factor that influences the behavior of snack, parents are the first source of information to understand about the behavior of healthy snacks in children.Objective: The purpose of this study was to foster journals regarding the relationship between snacking patterns in school-age children.Methods: Literature review method, which includes searching for journals from Elsevier, Pudmed, Google Scholer, and Garuda which received 6 journals because they have been tested based on the Critical Appraisal Checklist (JBI) instrument for analysis of Cross Sectional Studies. Then use PRISMA to select them and use the Plagiarsm Checker X application with 17% results.Results: Literature review data conducted on 6 journals that have been obtained shows that there is a relationship between parenting patterns and snack selection behavior in school age children and 1 journal there is no relationship. 6 research journals obtained the dominant value of journal 1 Lonto et al., (2019), with respondents of democratic fostering pattern category as many as 30 people or (46.9%) and 44 respondents (68.8%) with healthy snack behaviors. The better the parenting pattern applied to the child, the lower the level of snack selection behavior in the child.Suggestion: Literature review results are expected to be an educational material, especially school-age children and parents about the importance of foster care patterns to prevent snack selection behavior in school-age children.

One of the most common health problems among toddlers in Indonesia is malnutrition. Based on the results of the 2018 Riskesdas, nationally the prevalence of malnutrition is 13.8%. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of malnutrition in toddlers in Indonesia. The research method used is through searching articles on Google Scholar during the period of 2018-2021 using the keywords toddlers malnutrition, underweight in toddlers, factors of under nutrition in toddlers, and determinants of toddlers malnutrition. As the results, the study found 5 journal articles mentioned the risk factors of malnutrition in toddlers, which are direct factors and indirect factors. The direct factors of malnutrition in toddlers are : infectious diseases and poor parenting patterns, while the indirect factors are : not being provided exclusive breastfeeding, low quality of mother's knowledge regarding feeding toddlers, low economic status and family food security, the short gap of giving birth, and inadequate personal hygiene as well as environmental sanitation.

One of the most common health problems among toddlers in Indonesia is malnutrition. Based on the results of the 2018 Riskesdas, nationally the prevalence of malnutrition is 13.8%. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of malnutrition in toddlers in Indonesia. The research method used is through searching articles on Google Scholar during the period of 2018-2021 using the keywords toddlers malnutrition, underweight in toddlers, factors of under nutrition in toddlers, and determinants of toddlers malnutrition. As the results, the study found 5 journal articles mentioned the risk factors of malnutrition in toddlers, which are direct factors and indirect factors. The direct factors of malnutrition in toddlers are : infectious diseases and poor parenting patterns, while the indirect factors are : not being provided exclusive breastfeeding, low quality of mother's knowledge regarding feeding toddlers, low economic status and family food security, the short gap of giving birth, and inadequate personal hygiene as well as environmental sanitation.

The development of human life today has been significantly influenced by the rapid advancement of technology. Behind the convenience and advancement of technology, it is not uncommon to have an unfavorable impact on its users. Nowadays, not a few children and teenagers are trapped in gadget abuse, for example; visiting pornographic sites and forgetting time to study because of addiction to online games. These events often result in the degradation of the child's character and spirituality. In addition, other factors that make children less controlled in using gadgets are due to the presence of some parents who do not provide guidance to children regarding the use of gadgets properly and regularly. The purpose of this writing is to explain the existence of Sunday school teachers in providing guidance and direction to increase Sunday school children's understanding of the use of gadgets by providing parenting guidance, teaching slowly the benefits of gadgets, utilizing the parental control features available on gadgets and determining sanctions for children if they violate the boundaries that have been given. The method used in writing this article is a qualitative method and a literature research approach. The results received in this study are that the more existence of Sunday school teachers in increasing the digital quotient for children, the more responsible Sunday school children will be for the gadgets they have.

Parenting is a technique used by parents to educate, protect, and supervise their children in the family. Balanced parenting implementation is very important for the growth and development of children. This study used a descriptive method with a community health nursing approach including the assessment, intervention, implementation, and evaluation. The study on parenting patterns of parents was carried out on an elementary school children aggregate in the Meuraxa Public Health Center area, Banda Aceh using the windshield survey, questionnaires, and interviews with program administrators, parents, teachers, and elementary school students. The assessment was carried out based on Pender's theory (Health Promotion Model/HPM). The study results showed that 104 parents (43.15%) used authoritarian parenting, 137 (56.85%) used democratic parenting, and 0 (100%) used permissive parenting. It is advised that this study be put into practice to support healthy parenting practices through the use of community nursing care processes.

Stunting (dwarf) is a condition where a toddler has a length or height that is less when compared to age. This condition indicates a poor nutritional status (malnutrition) over a long period of time (chronic). The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between maternal parenting and the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-60 months in the Teritih sub-district, the working area of the Kalodran Public Health Center, Serang City, Banten Province in 2022. This research is descriptive and this research uses primary data with a measuring instrument, namely a questionnaire that has been tested as an instrument , in data analysis using the Chi Square statistical test with a sample of 14 pregnant women who have children aged 24-60 months and the researchers chose respondents with total sampling technique. Most of the results were obtained in providing food with democratic parenting as many as 9 (64.3%) and almost all respondents who were stunted were short as many as 10 (71.4%). The results of the chi square test showed P = 0.000, which means that there was a significant relationship between parenting style and the incidence of stunting and the OR value of 1.400 indicated that democratic parenting was more at risk of stunting once than authoritarian parenting in providing food or nutrition to children. It is recommended to increase knowledge and provide direct experience for researchers so that it becomes a reference material for comparing theories with stunting incidents in the community.

Stunting or short growth occurs when children do not receive the right kind of nutrition, especially in the womb and during the first two years of life. Children who are short, it means that their body growth and brain development has decreased and suffered permanent and irreversible damage. Children who experience stunting will have a greater risk of disease and death. The problem of nutritional deficiency is one of the most common problems in developing countries, such as Indonesia. To determine the relationship between parenting and the incidence of stunting in children. This study used a cross sectional design . The results showed that there was no relationship between parenting patterns and the incidence of stunting in children with a p-value of 0.150 > 0.5. The nutritional status of children, the majority of children have normal height with a total of 15 respondents (75%), 4 respondents (20%) have high height and 1 (5%) respondents have short height so that they are at risk of stunting, The level of parenting shows that parenting patterns are mostly in the high category of 17 respondents (85%) and there is no relationship between parenting patterns and the incidence of stunting in children.

Entering elementary school age is a very important time for the continuity of a child's development. Children have many activities that are often directly related to a dirty environment that causes children to be susceptible to disease. Parental support in terms that are very important for children's independence, especially in personal hygiene. The purpose of this study was to find out if there is a relationship between parental parenting and personal hygiene independence in elementary school children in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 2 Manado. The design of this study uses a cross sectional approach. . This type of research is observational. The sample in this study was 50 respondents. Respondents with the measuring tool used in this study is questionnaires and then data collected and processed using the SPSS computer program,, to be analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results of the study using the Chi-square test found that the value of p value was less than a significant value (0.01<0.05) the results of this study showed that Ha was accepted and H0 was rejected. The conclusion that can be taken is the parenting of parents have a relationship to personal hygiene independence in elementary school children. The results of this study can be a means of education for parents in improving the independence of children's personal hygiene.

Desa Jatisaba memiliki geografis berupa pegunungan dan termasuk Desa yang memiliki lahan hutan yang cukup luas. Wilayah yang termasuk ke dataran tinggi ini sebenarnya memiliki potensial yang tinggi sebagai tempat wisata reiligi tetapi pada dasarnya kualitas promosi dari Desa Jatisaba masih kurang gencar sehingga hal tersebut belum terealisasikan. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa sampai pada saat ini belum ada perkembangan terkait dengan pembangunan tempat wisata religi karena kurangnya sosialisasi. Selain itu potensi yang dimiliki Desa Jatisaba yaitu adanya usaha UMKM berupa Home Made keripik pisang kelompok masyarakat. Kelompok masyarakat yang ada di Desa Jatisaba memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam membantu berjalannya proses pemanfaatan dan pembuatan baik keripik pisang. Sehingga mampu mengubah atau membentuk wawasan, pengertian, pemikiran minat, tekad dan kemampuan perilaku berinovasi menjadikan sistem usaha yang maju. Pemilihan desa ditentukan karena adanya permintaan dari perwakilan guru-guru TK dan Paud untuk penyuluhan tentang permasalahan yang belum terselesaikan.

This community service and research aims to increase public awareness of the importance of improving parenting patterns in families and provide an understanding of the health impacts of early prostitution behavior deviations. In addition, the community is also given legal education so that the community knows the consequences of early prostitution. This community service was carried out for two days, where the first day was a seminar and the second day met and greeted the community directly from house to house so that the community could consult directly for free. Students of the BPI STAI YPIQ Baubau study program also helped smooth the process of counseling activities by dividing tasks, some were in charge of the event section, consumption, and documentation so that the activities ran smoothly. The facts found in the field turned out that the community was still not aware of the dangers of early prostitution and their literacy was still very low, so the community service efforts that researchers and several stakeholders involved did greatly helped the community to be aware and careful with the environment and technological tools that could lead children into early prostitution deviations.

Divorce is an act that is lawful, but hated by Allah SWT. The consequences of divorce between husband and wife are among them hadhanah (child rearing). Each husband and wife fight over who is most entitled to have a role in the hadhanah. In particular, the status of the child is still not mumayyiz, so the mother has an important role in the right to care according to the as-Syafi'i school. This type of research uses library research (library research) which is qualitative analytic in nature. The data analysis technique is by analyzing the opinion of the as-Shafi'i school of thought regarding the right to hadhanah along with its legal analysis. The results of this thesis research are first, hadhanah rights are given to mothers before the age of 7 or 8 years, after that the child is given the right to choose between father and mother as long as the mother has not married another man. Setting the age of 7 or 8 is not the final limit for hadhanah, but it is the right for children to determine who to have hadhin. Second, the analysis of the as-Shafi'i school uses the argument from al-Quran sura at-Tahrim verse 6, which contains the general basis of hadhanah, then sura al-Baqarah verse 233, which contains the role of the mother in caring for her child, such as breastfeeding, caring. So the father's role in this case provides a living for the mother for breastfeeding. Third, the analysis of the opinion of the as-Shafi'i school is very relevant to the current family phenomenon. Where is the function of the father to make a living and the mother is at home. If parenting is given to the father, it is feared that the hadhanah will not be maximized.

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the prevalence of parenting and stunting worldwide is 22 percent or as many as 149.2 million in 2020. Stunting is caused by multi-dimensional factors and not only caused by malnutrition experienced by pregnant women and children under five, another cause is poor parenting practices, including the lack of knowledge of mothers about health and nutrition before and during pregnancy, as well as after mothers give birth. Purpose of Writing : To determine the relationship between parenting style and the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 12-59 months in Pasirhaur village in 2022. Research Methods : Case control research with a quantitative approach. A sample of 82 mothers with toddlers in November 2022. The sampling technique used is non-probability sampling with purposive sampling method. Results of the study : Poor parenting styles were more common in cases of stunting, with 31 people (75.6%) than good parenting styles for stunted toddlers, with 10 people (24.4%). In the chy-square test, the results of parenting variables for mothers' knowledge were lacking P value 0.008 <0.05, Not exclusive breastfeeding P value 0.03 <0.05, not MP-ASI P value 0.055 <0.05 , and care for sick children who lack P value 0.012 <0.05, so the analysis is that there is a relationship between parenting parents and stunting in toddlers aged 12-59 months in Pasirhaur Village in 2022. Conclusion : Good parenting can reduce the risk of stunting in toddlers and it is hoped that health workers, especially midwives

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisa kebutuhan awal peran parenting dalam pendidikan karakter sekolah dasar sebagai upaya strategi pembelajaran yang dapat membentuk karakter peserta didik melalui pembelajaran dikelas. Sasaran pada penelitian ini adalah guru SD Gugus Kamboja Kecamatan Larangan Kabupaten Brebes. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan intrumen penelitian berupa angket dan wawancara. Penggunaan teknik analisis data meliputi tiga tahapan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan analisa dari instrumen dihasilkan data bahwa penerapan parenting pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran disekolah dasar tinggi. Keseluruhan guru sasaran penelitian berjumlah 18 orang. Selain menjalankan proses pembelajaran juga menerapakan parenting pendidikan karakter pada peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran yang disusun dengan pembelajaran menarik dan menggunakan metode yang membuat peserta didik merasakan mudah menerima pembelajarannya selain itu, menerapakan parenting pendidikan karakter pada peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran dengan tujuan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan dan membentuk karakter peserta didik. Adapun guru yang belum menerapakan parenting pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran disekolah dasar dan yang belum pernah mengikuti pelatihan atau seminar penerapan parenting pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran disekolah dasar. Hasil penelitian ini berguna sebagai analisa awal peran parenting dalam pendidikan karakter disekolah dasar. Agar Guru dapat menerapkan parenting pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran yang disusun dengan pembelajaran menarik dan menggunakan metode, teknik, prosedur, serta perangkat yang diperkirakan cocok untuk mencapai tujuan dalam menerapakan parenting pendidikan karakter pada pembelajaran. Dengan mengupayakan pengembangan kompetensi guru untuk mengelola sebuah kegiatan yang menarik dan mudah dalam kaitannya dengan proses pembentukan karakter peserta didik. Guru juga agar melibatkan peran orang tua dalam pelaksanaannpendidikan karakter karena keluarga mempunyai peran yang sangat penting dalam memberikan pendidikan karakter pada peserta didik

Children are the seeds of the nation and state that will continue the struggle and ideals of the nation. Therefore, children need guidance and direction from an early age from their parents to face the various struggles they will achieve. While the family is the smallest group unit that is first encountered by children and it is from the family that children get non-formal education for the first time. Therefore, parenting is very important in educating children for their success in the future. Services and fulfillment carried out for children in orphanages are useful so that children can learn to be independent and not depend on others after leaving the orphanage. The education and skills obtained at the Aisyiyah Payakumbuh Orphanage have a strong personal attitude, are optimistic about themselves, and can open themselves up to always be enthusiastic about living the wheel of life. This type of research is descriptive qualitative, using data collection methods, namely observation and interviews. The purpose of this study is to find out how the parenting style of children at the Aisyiyah Payakumbuh Orphanage, the supporting factors and inhibiting factors in improving children's learning achievement at the Aisyiyah Payakumbuh Orphanage. Based on research conducted by researchers, the parenting style that is applied to children at the Aisyiyah Orphanage is democratic parenting, namely by giving affection, providing guidance, looking after, and also providing education and good parenting to children. In addition there are several factors inhibiting children's learning in improving learning achievement, namely limited funds or economy, then the supporting factors are the environment.