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One of the causes of bleeding is due to perineal rupture. This type of research is an analytic survey with a cross-sectional research design. The number of samples used was 34 people obtained by using the total sampling technique. Data analysis technique using chi square. The results obtained in this study were that most of the mothers who had good knowledge of the absence of Perineal Rupture were 18 people (52.9%), and most of the mothers who had poor knowledge of the occurrence of Perineal Rupture were 7 people ( 20.6%). Based on the results of the chi square test, there is a relationship between Knowledge of Straining Techniques in Maternal Birth and Perineal Rupture with a P value = 0.014 <0.05. There is a relationship between Knowledge of Straining Techniques in Maternity Mothers with Perineal Rupture. It is recommended that mothers in labor seek more information to increase their knowledge, especially about pushing techniques to avoid perineal rupture through media on the internet, health workers, and so on.

The low understanding of mothers regarding the use of the Maternal and Child Health Book (KIA Book) is one of the factors contributing to the failure in implementing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) program aimed at reducing maternal and child mortality rates. The role of midwives working together with community health volunteers has a six-fold greater influence on the community in raising awareness about the use of the KIA Book, thus providing more health-related information. The objective of this activity is to enhance motivation and improve mothers' knowledge in optimizing the KIA Book. This community engagement activity took place in RT 10 RW 03, Sukarami Village, Palembang City. The method employed involved participants completing a questionnaire to assess their understanding before and after receiving education through counseling. The results showed that there was an increase of 15 people (88.23%) falling into the good category and 2 people (11.76%) falling into the satisfactory category, indicating that the activity was successfully received and understood by the participants.

Nur Adyan Mantu. Description of nutritional status of stunting sufferers in children aged 12-60 months in the working area of the Tilango Health Center. Guided by Andi Akifa Sudirman as chairman and Dewi Modjo as member. Stunting is a condition where children experience delays in growth caused by lack of nutritional intake for a long time. Good nutritional status is necessary to maintain a degree of fitness and health, aiding growth for the child. The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional status of stunting sufferers in children in the working area of the Tilango Health Center, Tenggela Village. The design of this study is quantitative descriptive research with. This research was conducted at the Tilango Health Center, Gorontalo Regency. The number of samples was 43 people. The results showed the most BB / U Nutrition Satus, namely Normal weight with 26 respondents (60.5%), the most BB / PB or BB / TB Nutrition Satus, namely Good Nutrition with 37 respondents (86.0%), the most PB / U or TB / U Nutrition Satus, namely Short (Stunting) with 38 respondents (88.4%). The existence of this research is expected to increase and increase maternal knowledge and awareness of the importance of maintaining and maintaining balanced child nutrition to avoid malnutrition.

Nutritional status is a state of balance between the intake of nutrients consumed and the nutrients needed by the body which can be measured and assessed by child anthropometry. One of the dominant factors and can affect the nutritional status of toddlers is the attitude and behavior of mothers who lack awareness of the importance of toddler nutrition. The relationship between maternal behavior in feeding with the nutritional status of toddlers in the working area of the Putri Ayu Health Center, Jambi City is known. This study included quantitative research using a cross sectional design. The number of samples was 105 samples. Using the Spearman Rho statistical test. The results showed good maternal behavior obtained (88.6%), poor maternal behavior obtained (11.4%). Nutritional status of toddlers with good nutrition was obtained (79.0%), overnutrition (5.7%), undernutrition (8.5%) and poor nutrition was obtained (6.7%). The results of the Spearman Rho statistical test obtained a correlation coefficient of 0.587. The results showed that there was a relationship between maternal behavior in feeding with the nutritional status of toddlers in the Working Area of the Putri Ayu Health Center in Jambi City because the majority of respondents had good education and economic levels. It is expected that the community will increase their literacy from various sources related to toddler nutrition, especially for mothers who have toddlers to increase knowledge. The more public knowledge of the nutritional status of toddlers increases, the better the behavior of mothers in toddlers will be and the nutritional status of toddlers will increase.        

The provision of nutrition education and healthy food for pregnant women and toddlers is crucial in promoting maternal and child health. This project aims to implement a nutrition education program at the Kemuning 2 Keturen Integrated Health Post (Posyandu) to improve the nutritional knowledge and practices of pregnant women and caregivers of toddlers. The project will involve a series of educational sessions conducted by healthcare professionals and trained volunteers. The sessions will cover topics such as the importance of balanced nutrition during pregnancy, appropriate complementary feeding for infants and young children, and the selection of nutritious foods. Visual aids, interactive discussions, and practical demonstrations will be used to enhance the learning experience. Additionally, a nutritious food distribution program will be implemented to provide pregnant women and caregivers of toddlers with access to healthy and affordable food options. Local partnerships will be established with farmers, suppliers, and community organizations to ensure the availability of fresh and nutritious ingredients. The project's success will be evaluated by assessing the participants' knowledge and practices related to maternal and child nutrition before and after the intervention. Feedback from participants and healthcare providers will also be gathered to assess the program's effectiveness and identify areas for improvement. By providing nutrition education and access to healthy food, this project aims to empower pregnant women and caregivers of toddlers in making informed choices regarding their own and their children's nutrition. Ultimately, it is expected to contribute to improved maternal and child health outcomes in the Kemuning 2 Keturen community.

Anemia is a health problem throughout the world, especially in developing countries where an estimated 30% of the world's population suffers from anemia. In Indonesia, one of the problems faced by adolescents is the problem of micronutrient nutrition, namely around 12% of male adolescents and 23% of female adolescents experience anemia, which is mostly due to iron deficiency (iron deficiency anemia. Anemia in adolescents specifically experienced by female adolescents will have a more serious impact, considering they are prospective mothers who will become pregnant and give birth to a baby, thus increasing the risk of maternal death, premature birth and low birth weight babies (LBW).The government has a routine program related to the distribution of iron tablets for women of childbearing age (WUS ), including adolescents and pregnant women. To support this program requires a good understanding for young women regarding anemia and the importance of blood-supplementing tablets, one of which is providing counseling to students at MTs N 1 Sumbawa with the aim of increasing knowledge about the dangers of anemia and the importance of taking tablets added blood. This community service activity was carried out on May 26 with the result that the knowledge and understanding of students about anemia was getting better, students also knew that taking iron tablets was important. Students are also motivated to meet their nutritional needs and increase adherence in taking iron tablets regularly.

Stunting (dwarf) is a condition where a toddler has a length or height that is less when compared to age. This condition indicates a poor nutritional status (malnutrition) over a long period of time (chronic). The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between maternal parenting and the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-60 months in the Teritih sub-district, the working area of the Kalodran Public Health Center, Serang City, Banten Province in 2022. This research is descriptive and this research uses primary data with a measuring instrument, namely a questionnaire that has been tested as an instrument , in data analysis using the Chi Square statistical test with a sample of 14 pregnant women who have children aged 24-60 months and the researchers chose respondents with total sampling technique. Most of the results were obtained in providing food with democratic parenting as many as 9 (64.3%) and almost all respondents who were stunted were short as many as 10 (71.4%). The results of the chi square test showed P = 0.000, which means that there was a significant relationship between parenting style and the incidence of stunting and the OR value of 1.400 indicated that democratic parenting was more at risk of stunting once than authoritarian parenting in providing food or nutrition to children. It is recommended to increase knowledge and provide direct experience for researchers so that it becomes a reference material for comparing theories with stunting incidents in the community.

Choking is an emergency situation that frequently occurs in infants and toddlers and can potentially lead to death if not managed promptly and appropriately. Limited knowledge and skills of parents, particularly mothers, in providing first aid are among the factors that increase the risk of complications resulting from choking incidents in children. This study aimed to determine the effect of choking management education on mothers’ ability to handle choking incidents in children in Pinokalan Subdistrict, Ranowulu District, Bitung City. This study employed a pre-experimental design using a one-group pretest–posttest approach. The study population consisted of 75 respondents, with a sample of 15 mothers who had children aged ≤ 3 years, selected using accidental sampling techniques. The intervention consisted of health education on choking management using standard operating procedure guidelines and structured health education sessions, while mothers’ abilities were assessed using an observation checklist. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analyses using the McNemar test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The results showed that prior to the educational intervention, most mothers had poor ability in managing choking incidents in children; however, after the intervention, there was a significant improvement in their abilities. The McNemar test yielded a p-value of 0.008, indicating a significant effect of choking management health education on mothers’ ability to manage choking incidents in children. These findings demonstrate that health education plays an important role in improving mothers’ preparedness and skills in dealing with pediatric emergencies. This study is expected to serve as a basis for the development of community-based health education programs as a promotive and preventive effort to reduce morbidity and mortality risks due to choking in children.

Facts show that more than 350,000 worldwide die every year due to complications of pregnancy and childbirth. Indonesia's National Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in 2017 and 2019 did not change, namely 305 per 100,000 live births. Prospective brides and grooms are a strategic target group in efforts to improve their health before pregnancy. The aim of the research is to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and age of the prospective bride and groom with preparation for their first pregnancy in KUA, Tanjung Agung District, Muara Enim Regency. The research method is descriptive analytical with a cross sectional approach. This research began in April – June 2023 at KUA, Tanjung Agung District, Muara Enim Regency. Sampling technique using a total sampling of 50 respondents. The data collection method in this research uses a questionnaire. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test. The results of this study show that there is a relationship between knowledge (p= 0.000) and age (p= 0.004) of the prospective bride and groom and preparation for their first pregnancy in KUA Tanjung Agung District, Muara Enim Regency. The conclusion is that knowledge and age are related to preparation for the first pregnancy.

The health problems facing the Indonesian nation today are the still high maternal and infant mortality rates, one of the causes of which is nutritional problems, namely anemia. The government has carried out a program to control anemia in pregnant women, namely by giving 90 Fe tablets to pregnant women, however regular consumption of Fe tablets is an important key which has not been implemented well, where South Sulawesi is the province with the lowest coverage with a percentage (1.7% ). The aim of the research is to determine the knowledge of pregnant women about Fe tablets based on the characteristics of pregnant women in Kanaungan Village using a descriptive method with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study of pregnant women who had their pregnancies checked at the Batara Siang Pangkep Regional Hospital which is domiciled in Kanaungan Village in 2023 numbered 226, with a sampling technique using Accidental Sampling, totaling 69 samples. From the research results, it can be concluded that most of the respondents were aged 20-35 years (88.4%), had junior high school education (44.9%), were employees/private sector (62.3%) and had less knowledge (43.5%).

Introduction: Indonesia is aggressively targeting reducing the maternal mortality rate to 70 deaths per 100 thousand live births by 2030. Currently, the proportion of maternal deaths is approximately 305 deaths per 100 thousand live births. Where the biggest deaths occur in hospitals around 77%. The mother could not be saved, for one thing, because the mother who was referred to the hospital was already in a state of severe complications. This happens because identification and examination during pregnancy are not optimal and must be strengthened (RI Ministry of Health, 2021). Purpose of Writing: The purpose of this writing is to find out cultural relations, affordability of facilities and infrastructure and mothers' perceptions of the behavior of choosing delivery assistance in the working area of the Cisimeut Health Center in 2022. The sample in the study was 42 mothers who had given birth in January-December 2022. Research Method : This research method is descriptive analytic, namely research that tries to explore how and why the phenomenon occurs, then analyzes the dynamics of the correlation between these phenomena. Research Results: there is no significant relationship between Culture or Customs and Choice of Birth Assistance Behavior in the Work Area of the Cisimeut Health Center in 2022 Continuity Correction value p = 0.478 means that p value ≥ 0.05, there is a relationship between affordability of facilities (Continuity Correction value p = 0.023) , knowledge (Continuity Correction value p = 0.001) on the behavior of choosing delivery assistance in the Work Area of the Cisimeut Health Center in 2022 Conclusions and Suggestions: There is no significant relationship between culture and behavior in choosing delivery assistance in the working area of the Cisimeut Health Center in 2022.

Breastfeeding is the process of giving milk to babies or small children with breast milk (ASI) from the mother's breasts. Every effort is made to help mothers achieve success in breastfeeding their babies, which is called lactation management (Sutanto, 2018). Giving formula milk is not recommended for babies aged 0-6 months, because it can increase the risk of illness and even death in babies. UNCIEF states that giving formula milk can increase by 25 times the incidence of death in babies early in life compared to babies who are given exclusive breast milk.               This study used an analytical research design with a cross-sectional study approach, the population in the study was 50 people using Consecutive Sampling sampling, all subjects who came and met the selection criteria, and were included in the study until the required number of subjects was met. The data analysis used is chi square. The results of statistical tests using the Chi Square test obtained a result of 0.004. These results are smaller than the P value (0.05) or 0.004<0.05, meaning that there is a significant relationship between maternal knowledge and formula milk feeding, so the hypothesis in this study can be accepted. The results of statistical tests using the Chi Square test obtained a result of 0.003. These results are smaller than the P value (0.05) or 0.003<0.05, meaning that there is a significant relationship between maternal education and formula milk feeding, so the hypothesis in this study can be accepted. The results of statistical tests using the Chi Square test obtained a result of 0.005. These results are smaller than the P value (0.05) or 0.005 < 0.05, meaning that there is a significant relationship between mother's work and giving formula milk, so the hypothesis in this study can be accepted.       The conclusion is that there is a relationship between maternal education and the provision of formula milk at the Tanoh Alas health center. It is hoped that this research can be used to provide appropriate steps or strategies to encourage the public and health workers to provide exclusive breastfeeding, by minimizing the factors that influence early provision of formula milk.  

Childbirth is a physiological process experienced by mothers of childbearing age, giving birth to a baby is a process that is eagerly awaited by husband and wife couples, apart from that, when facing childbirth a mother will feel anxious and worried (I. Kuswanti & Melina, 2019a) Family health program recording at the Ministry of Health in 2020, the number of maternal deaths showed 4,627 deaths in Indonesia and this has increased compared to 2019 which was 4,221 deaths. , and seen based on the causes and the majority of them, there are 1,330 cases of bleeding, 1,110 cases of hypertension in pregnancy, and 230 cases of circulatory system disorders. The research that I have carried out is a type of Quantitative research. According to (Sujarweni, 2020) in the book Research Methodology defines quantitative research as a process of discovering knowledge that uses data in the form of numbers as a tool for analyzing information about what is known. In this research, the researcher used a questionnaire sheet. Based on the preliminary survey data that I had conducted at PMB Pariawati Tinggi Cliff, that there were mothers who were in labor who were anxious when they were about to give birth, the researcher was interested in taking the title of the effect of husband's assistance on reducing anxiety in the birth process of primigravida mothers in the first stage at PMB Pariawati Tebing Tinggi. And after I conducted research at PMB Pariawati Tebing Tinggi in 2022 which lasted around 3 months and I got 35 mothers who Primigravida who is about to give birth experiences anxiety.

One of the stunting locations in East Tanjung Jabung Regency is located in Geragai Sub-district, Pandan Lagan Village. According to data from the Puskesmas in 2019, the incidence of stunting in Pandan Lagan Village was 35 toddlers, in 2020 it was 17 stunting children out of a total of 70 children in Pandan Lagan Village. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between maternal nutritional status, history of maternal conditions, and maternal knowledge about 1000 HPK with the incidence of stunting in Pandan Lagan Village. This type of research is quantitative research, using a cross-sectional approach. The number of samples to be studied with the Lemeshow Formula is 45 respondents. The dependent variable is stunting and the independent variables are maternal nutritional status (pre-pregnant maternal BMI and weight gain during pregnancy), history of maternal conditions (maternal age during pregnancy, birth spacing), and maternal knowledge about 1000 HPK. The research instrument used a questionnaire sheet, then the data was processed through data editing, data coding, data entry, data cleaning, and data processing, then analyzed univariate, bivariate with a chi-square test, and multivariate with multiple logistic regression test. Based on the results of the study, there is a relationship between pre-pregnancy maternal BMI with a risk of 4,464 times, weight gain with a risk of 3,75 times, maternal age during pregnancy with a risk of 3,0 times, and spacing of babies with a risk of 2,444 times with the incidence of stunting. There is no relationship between maternal knowledge about 1000 HPK and the incidence of stunting with a p-value = 0,114, and it is known that the pre-pregnancy mother's BMI variable is the variable that has the greatest influence on infants with stunting nutritional status (odds ratio = 15,943). For this reason, it is expected to be more intensive in educating couples of childbearing age, pre-pregnant mothers, or early on to adolescent girls to pay attention to factors that affect stunted children, especially to have an ideal BMI so that it will reduce the risk of having children with stunted nutritional status.    

Background: Children are the greatest family asset, where in their growth and development stages children need proper nutrition, stimulation, and parenting so that they are in their golden age or golden age (0-5 years). Based on the National Household Health Survey (SKRT), there are 75 million children under five who have difficulty controlling BAK and defecating (bedwetting) until preschool age. Toilet training is best done from an early age to instill good habits in children. This study aims to determine the level of maternal knowledge about toilet training for toddlers at the Kepaon Denpasar Praja Praja hostel. Methods: This study uses descriptive research methods. The research was carried out in the Denpasar Kepaon Raksaka Praja Dormitory, with a total sample of 44 mothers. The sampling technique used in this study was total sampling. The method of data collection is by distributing questionnaire sheets. The data were processed using the Excel Microsof computer program and SPSS. Results: The results of the research of 44 respondents, namely the level of knowledge of mothers about toilet training for toddlers, all of them had a sufficient level of knowledge as much as 32 (72.7%), as many as 6 respondents (13.6%) had a good level of knowledge, and as many as 6 respondents (13.6%) have a low level of knowledge. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the level of mother's knowledge about toilet training for toddlers in the Denpasar Kepaon Praja Raksaka hostel is in the sufficient category.

Background. Anemia during pregnancy is still a major problem in the world today because it is one of the causes of maternal death or also known as "Potentional Danger To Mother And Child". The high incidence of anemia in pregnant women is multifactorial, from a pure deficiency of iron, folate, B12, the level of knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women about the incidence of anemia. Objective. To determine the relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women towards the incidence of anemia at the Mamboro Health Center Research methods. The type of research used is quantitative research with a Cross Sectional Study approach. The sample is 20 people with the sampling technique using the feeder formula. Research result. The results of the study with 20 respondents having good knowledge were 1 respondent (5.0%) with anemia, 8 respondents (40.0%) good knowledge not anemia and as many as 11 respondents (55.0%) lacking knowledge with anemia, Based on data analysis with Fisher's test Relationship between knowledge and The incidence of Anemia obtained p value = .000 <0.05 and the relationship between Attitude and Anemia Incidence with Fisher's test obtained p value = 0.004 <0.05 with the results of a positive attitude study of 1 respondent (5.0%) with anemia, 6 respondents (30.0%) attitude positive without anemia. And as many as 11 respondents (55.0%) have a negative attitude with anemia. 2 respondents (10.0%) had a negative attitude with no anemia. Conclusion. there is a relationship between knowledge and the incidence of anemia and there is a relationship between the attitudes of pregnant women and the incidence of anemia.

Childbirth is a series of processes that end with the expulsion of the products of conception by the mother. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are more than 585,000 maternal deaths caused by complications of pregnancy and childbirth worldwide every year. Of the many who go through labor, not all of them experience tearing of the birth canal or perineal rupture. 1 in 4 women who experience perineum intact during labor. Due to the birth process, the perineum is widened by 170% from the transverse position (side to side) and 40-6-% in the vertical position (front to back) during the crowing process, so that there is a greater risk of perineal rupture. In Indonesia, out of a total of 1951 vaginal births, 1465 or 75% experienced perineal rupture, 158 or 8% received perineal sutures due to episiotomy and 566 or 29% experienced spontaneous tears. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the technique of straining in childbirth and the incidence of perineal rupture at the Kapasa Health Center The research method used was an analytic survey, using the Cross Sectional Study approach, which is a form of observational (non-experimental) study to find the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable by taking momentary measurements in the research conducted by analyzing the relationship between knowledge of Maternity Straining Techniques and Events Perineal Rupture at the Kapasa Health Center. The results showed that the level of knowledge was not good with the incidence of perineal rupture as many as 11 respondents (52.3%) and knowledge.

Background : Health problems in the preconception period include anemia, obesity and chronic lack of energy. In Indonesia, cases of Chronic Energy Deficiency are caused by lack of nutritional intake such as energy and protein, so that the nutrients needed by the body are not fulfilled. To prevent the risk of Chronic Energy Deficiency in pregnant women before pregnancy, women of childbearing age must have good nutrition. Maternal nutritional status before pregnancy has a significant influence on the incidence of LBW. Knowledge of nutrition plays an important role in fulfilling one's nutritional adequacy. The level of knowledge will encourage a person to have optimal abilities in the form of knowledge and attitudes. Objective : Knowing the effect of preconception nutrition counseling on the knowledge and attitudes of women of childbearing age. Methods : Quasi experimental with one group pretest-posttest design. The sample in this study was some women of childbearing age who were married in the preconception period from July to September 2022 in Sanggar Buana Village, Seputih Banyak District, Central Lampung as many as 81 people, the sampling technique was purposive sampling. Results : Most of them have knowledge of WUS before being given counseling that is enough 64.2% and after 85.2% have good knowledge. Attitudes before being given counseling were mostly negative 55.6% and afterward were positive 97.5%. There is an effect of preconception nutrition counseling on the knowledge and attitudes of women of childbearing age (p value 0.000). Conclusions and Suggestions: There is an effect of preconception nutrition counseling on the knowledge and attitudes of women of childbearing age. Health services are expected to provide education and counseling, especially regarding preconception nutrition

BACKGROUND: According to afifah (2013), The postpartum period is still a vulnerable period for the survival of new mothers giving birth. Most maternal deaths occur during the postpartum period, so postpartum health services play an important role in efforts to reduce maternal mortality. Postpartum services are health services provided to mothers during the period from 6 hours to 42 days after giving birth. The proportion of health service coverage during the postpartum period decreases over the period of time after giving birth. Births that received complete postpartum health services included KF1 at 81.9%, KF2 at 51.8%, and KF3 at only 32.1%. Considering the importance of bounding attachment between mother and baby and the lack of knowledge regarding this matter, it is important to realize this love. The attraction of affection can be manifested from the fetus that is still in the womb and to strengthen the newborn baby can be done using IMD, the aim of which is very beneficial for changes in the psychology of the mother and baby because affection begins with a mother's touch and hug to her baby when carrying out IMD ( early initiation of breastfeeding).   OBJECTIVE: Analyzing the Relationship between Knowledge of Postpartum Mothers and the Implementation of Bounding Attchment at the Rasminkita Ginting Clinic, Tanjung Morawa District in 202. METHOD chi square test p value < 0.05 means H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, the statistical test results show a significant relationship. RESULTS: There is a relationship between the knowledge of postpartum mothers and the implementation of Bounding Attachment at the Rasminkita Ginting Clinic, Tanjung Morawa District in 2022. Suggestions are given for research and for research sites and for educational institutions regarding Bounding Attachment.

Background: Pregnancy is something that naturally happens to productive women. During pregnancy, changes occur in the mother, both physical and psychological. In general, the physical changes during pregnancy are, no menstruation, enlargement of the breasts, changes in the shape of the uterus, changes in the working system of the body's organs, enlargement of the stomach, weight gain, weakening of the relaxation of the muscles of the digestive tract, sensitivity to the senses, and the feet and hands begin to enlarge. The psychological changes in mothers in the first trimester are estimated to be 80%, resulting in feelings of disappointment, rejection, anxiety and sadness. In the second trimester, the mother's psychological life appears calmer and begins to adapt, and in the third trimester, changes in the mother's psychology seem more complex and increase again compared to the previous trimester, and this is none other than because the condition of the pregnancy is getting bigger. Psychological impacts on pregnant women include being sensitive, tending to be lazy, asking for more attention, easily jealous, and anxiety. Pregnant women will be more open to themselves and like to share their experiences with other people. Pregnant women will reflect on all their dreams, dreams, fantasies about objects, events or abstract concepts, such as death, life, success and happiness during pregnancy.Objective: Knowing how the knowledge of pregnant women about psychological changes in the first trimester is related to the attitude of pregnant women in facing pregnancy at the Medan Amplas Community Health Center, Medan City in 2022. Method There is a relationship between the knowledge of pregnant women about psychological changes in the first trimester and the attitude of pregnant women in facing pregnancy at the Medan Amplas Community Health Center, Medan City in 2022. Advice is given for research and for research sites and for educational institutions regarding perennial wound care.