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This study aims to examine the obstacles and role of the Village Government in the mediation process of family inheritance disputes in Sitampa Simatoras Village, Batang Angkola District, South Tapanuli Regency. Land inheritance disputes often cause internal family conflicts that disturb public peace. This study uses a normative and qualitative approach with primary data through interviews and secondary data from literature and laws and regulations. The results of the study show that the Village Head has an important role as a mediator in resolving disputes, but faces various obstacles. The main obstacles include the emotional attitude of the parties to the dispute, the lack of written evidence and witnesses, the low legal knowledge of the village government, and the lack of standard guidelines on mediation mechanisms at the village level. Even so, the Village Head still tries to carry out his role by bringing together the parties and involving traditional leaders to reach a peace agreement. If mediation fails, then the Village Head suggests a settlement through legal channels. This research emphasizes the importance of strengthening the legal capacity of village governments and the need for clearer regulations regarding the implementation of mediation at the village level as a preventive effort to resolve family-based agrarian conflicts.

Cigarette and alcohol abuse among young people is a major issue that can have a negative and detrimental impact on the health and future of younger generations. The number of smoking-related deaths in Indonesia ranges from 217. 000 to 240,000 people each year. The “Cerdas tanpa Candu” program was held as a preventive measure through counseling on smoking and alcohol consumption prevention to students of SMP Negeri 19 Kendari. This activity was carried out using a lecture method involving 26 respondents, using power points, banner media, pre-test, post-test, ice breaking, then continued with the presentation of the banner contents, interactive quizzes and group photos. The purpose of this counseling is to increase students' awareness of the hazardous materials in alcohol and cigarettes. Method: This counseling uses the lecture method and interactive quizzes, using a one group pretest and posttest design. The distribution of knowledge levels based on pre-test and post-test scores is displayed in the results of the counseling activities. Eight respondents (30.8%) were included in the “good” category, seventeen respondents (65.4%) were included in the “sufficient” category, and one respondent (3.8%) was included in the “less” category according to the pre-test results. After the test was conducted, there was a significant increase in the post-test results, with around 22 participants (84.6%) included in the “good” category and 4 participants (15.4%) included in the “sufficient” category. The results of the paired sample t-test showed a p-value of 0.03, which is lower than α = 0.05. This indicates that the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H1) is accepted, which shows a significant difference between the average pre-test and post-test results. It is expected that educators at SMP Negeri 19 Kendari provide balanced counseling between consistent ones through the UKS program, and they can provide high motivation for their students to behave away from cigarettes and alcohol.    

Vocabulary is an important element in language acquisition. However, currently many students lack vocabulary knowledge and many teachers still have not implemented technology in learning. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the Memrise application in teaching English vocabulary and the differences in students’ vocabulary mastery before and after treatment. The method used is quantitative with a pre-experimental design. Data were collected through pre-test and post-test on 35 students of class X-TSM 2 SMK Sore Tulungagung in the 2024/2025 academic year. The results showed that the average score increased from 66.14 to 86.71 after using the application. The paired t-test showed a t value of -11.031 with a significance of <0.001, which means there is a significant difference. Cohen's d effect size value of -1.865 and Hedges -1.844 showed a large effect. These results prove that the Memrise application is effective in improving students' vocabulary mastery. The implication is that application-based learning such as Memrise can be an interesting and useful alternative in the English learning process at the vocational school level

Since tax revenues are declining annually, it is evident that Indonesian taxpayer compliance is still at a low level. The declining number of taxpayers in KPP Pratama Sleman Regency each year is another indicator of taxpayer compliance and the negative attitude of private taxpayers. The goal of this study is to determine the relative importance of tax penalties, taxpayer knowledge, taxpayer awareness, and taxpayer attitudes. Quantitative approaches are used in this study. The sample in this study consisted of a few KPP Sleman personnel, while the population consisted of 50 respondents, who were KPP Sleman taxpayer consumers. Random sampling was the sampling method employed in this study. Multiple regression is the data analysis method employed, and the analysis's findings indicate that Taxpayer Knowledge of Taxpayer Compliance is attained at t = 9.338 > -4.911ttable with a sig level of 0.00 < sig.α (0.05), meaning that Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. As a result, H1—the research hypothesis that "Taxpayer Knowledge has a considerable effect on Taxpayer Compliance"—is accepted. Taxpayer Compliance (Y) obtained t = 4.377> 14.855 from ttable with a sig value. The influence of taxpayer attitudes on taxpayer compliance is obtained t = 9.338 > 4.337ttable with a sig level. = 0.00< sig.α (0.05), and H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The influence of taxpayer knowledge on taxpayer compliance is obtained t = 9.338 > 13.104ttable with a sig level. = 0.00< sig.α (0.05). H0 if 0.00 < sig.α (0.05  

Adolescence is a transition from childhood to adulthood that experiences development of access to enter the adult phase including the function of reproduvtive organs. Deviant sexual behavior usually occurs among adolescents who have less knowledge of reproductive health and up finding out through peers or the internet whose truth is not yet know. Lack of information in this aspect encourges sexual behavior, which leads to unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases, as well as mental disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between reproductive health knowledge and adolescent sexual behavior. The method used is a quantitative or cross-sectional approach, involving several respondents who were selected purposively. The research instrument was  a standardized questionnaire that passed the validity and reability test. The results showed a relationship between the level of reproductive health knowledge and sexual behavior in adolescents, where adolescents who have broader insights show good or responsible sexual behavior. From the research result, it is concluded that there is a need for a comprehensive reproductive health education program for adolscents in schools, families, and social environments to build safe sexual behavior.  

Regulations on the implementation and management of education in Indonesia provide opportunities for cooperation between foreign educational units and Indonesian educational units. The Webinar on the Management of Primary and Secondary Education in Indonesia and the Philippines aims to provide an overview of the management of formal education in Indonesia and the Philippines so that it can inspire educators to initiate cooperation in improving the quality of education in both countries. The webinar was held virtually in a collaborative manner by the Indonesian Teachers Association (IGI) of Serang City, the Community of SMA/SMK/SKH Teachers of Banten Province, and the Islamic Education Management Masters Program of UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten. The webinar was held via the Zoom Cloud Meetings platform on April 18, 2025, starting at 13.00 WIB. The webinar provided participants with an overview of the formal education management system for primary and secondary education levels in both countries so that it could increase knowledge and insight, as well as inspiration for participants in developing competencies in the field of education, including follow-up cooperation between both educational units and the education community.

The third trimester of pregnancy is a critical period with increased risks of obstetric complications, necessitating adequate knowledge of pregnancy danger signs. The Pregnant Women's Class (Kelas Bumil) is a preventive and educational initiative in antenatal care designed to enhance knowledge and preparedness among pregnant women. This study aimed to assess the impact of the Pregnant Women's Class on the knowledge of pregnancy danger signs and changes in hemoglobin levels among third-trimester pregnant women. Using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design, the study involved 30 pregnant women selected through purposive sampling. Knowledge was assessed via structured questionnaires before and after attending the class, while hemoglobin levels were measured at both intervals. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted, with the Wilcoxon test used for comparing pre- and post-intervention data (p < 0.05). Results revealed a significant increase in knowledge levels, with most women showing good knowledge after the intervention. Hemoglobin levels also improved significantly (p = 0.001). These findings demonstrate that the Pregnant Women's Class effectively enhances both cognitive knowledge and health status in pregnant women. In conclusion, strengthening and sustaining the Pregnant Women's Class should be a continuous part of integrated antenatal care to improve maternal health outcomes.

Reproductive health is an important aspect in improving the quality of life of the community, but the level of knowledge about reproductive health is still relatively low due to cultural factors, social norms, and limitations of the educational methods used. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the peer educator method in increasing the level of reproductive health knowledge of the community in the Akelamo Community Health Center, Tidore. This study used a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The study sample consisted of 24 respondents selected using a total sampling technique. The intervention was carried out through reproductive health education using the peer educator method in small groups. Measurements of knowledge levels were carried out before and after the intervention using a standardized questionnaire. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test with a significance level of p < 0.05 . The results showed an increase in the average knowledge score from 56.3 before the intervention to 78.5 after the intervention. Statistical tests showed a significant difference between the levels of knowledge before and after the intervention (p = 0.001). These results indicate that the peer educator method is effective in increasing public reproductive health knowledge .

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that has long-term impacts on the quality of human resources and is closely related to maternal health during pregnancy. Antenatal care (ANC) serves as an important promotive and preventive strategy to reduce the risk of stunting; however, pregnant women’s active participation in utilizing ANC services remains a challenge, particularly at the primary health care level. This study aims to analyze the relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge about stunting and their active participation in ANC at the Saritani Community Health Center. This research employed a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of all pregnant women who attended ANC services, with a sample of 60 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire measuring knowledge of stunting and ANC attendance behavior. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate methods, with the Chi-square test applied to examine the relationship between variables. The results showed a significant association between knowledge of stunting and ANC participation (p < 0.05). Pregnant women with higher knowledge levels were more likely to attend ANC regularly. In conclusion, improving knowledge about stunting among pregnant women is a key strategy to enhance ANC utilization and support early prevention efforts.

Anthropometry is a direct technique for evaluatingnutritional status, especially protein and energy levels of the body. One of the efforts to develop competent and skilled cadres in anthropometric measurements is through training techniques. To determine the relationship between knowledge, role, motivation and length of service of Posyandu cadres towards the use of anthropometric tools at the Topo Health Center UPTD.Method:This type of research is observational analytic using Cross Sectional Study. The research sample amounted to 30 cadres from 3 active posyandu. Data analysis used the Statistical Program For Social Science (SPSS) version 16.0.Results:Chi Square Testshows that there is no relationship between cadre knowledge and the use of anthropometric tools based on the measurement of the foot scale and stadiometer (p-value> 0.05). There is a relationship between cadre knowledge and the use of anthropometric tools based on the measurement ofLiLa, infantometer, and head circumference (p-value <0.05). While the relationship between work period and the use of anthropometric tools and the relationship between motivation and the use of anthropometric tools is not related (p-value> 0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between cadre knowledge and the use of anthropometric tools (measurement ofLiLa, infantometer, and head circumference). There is no significant relationship between work period and the use of anthropometric tools, as well as motivation and the use of anthropometric tools. Suggestion: it is hoped that cadre training will be held frequently and will be improved and more active in using anthropometric tools.

Chronic diseases in Indonesia remain a serious challenge in improving the quality of life of the community, particularly in terms of prevention and early detection of chronic diseases. This community service activity aims to educate family members of students on preventing and detecting chronic diseases, particularly diabetes mellitus and stroke, by adopting a healthy lifestyle, maintaining a balanced diet, reducing excessive consumption of sugar, salt, and fat, and engaging in regular light physical activity daily. Additionally, participants are encouraged to regularly monitor blood pressure and blood sugar levels, manage stress, and ensure adequate rest. The activity was conducted over two weeks through three stages: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The community service activity was carried out in three stages: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The results of this activity found that there was a 62% increase in knowledge about the prevention and detection of Diabetes Mellitus, a 57% increase in knowledge about the prevention and detection of stroke, and a 54% increase in knowledge about the role of nutrition, healthy lifestyle, and physical activity. Additionally, there was a 54% change in behaviour for the prevention and early detection of Diabetes Mellitus, a 35% change for the prevention and early detection of stroke, 32% for the role of nutrition, activities, and healthy lifestyles among student families affected by Diabetes Mellitus and stroke. This was measured by assessing blood sugar levels and blood pressure before and after the activity, which showed a decrease of 16% in blood pressure and 11% in blood sugar levels. It is hoped that after this activity, participants can apply the knowledge gained in their daily lives and serve as role models for children in fostering a culture of healthy living. Translated with DeepL.com (free version).

The issue of adolescent reproductive health remains a major challenge in Indonesia, significantly impacting the future of the younger generation. Research by the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI) and the Ministry of Health in October 2020 indicated that approximately 62.7% of Indonesian adolescents had engaged in premarital sexual relations, with 20% of 94,270 out-of-wedlock pregnancies occurring in adolescent girls, and 21% of these resulting in abortion. This study aimed to enhance MTsN 01 Kendari students with knowledge about the importance of reproductive health, and to measure their knowledge levels through pre-post questionnaire distribution using educational media. The research employed a Pre-Experimental design with a One Group Pre-test - Post-test Design. The study population consisted of 7th-grade students from MTsN 01 Kendari, with a sample size of 35 individuals selected using purposive sampling. Data collection involved questionnaires administered to respondents before and after the educational intervention. The study results showed that the education significantly improved students' knowledge of reproductive health. Based on the pre-test results, 31 (88.57%) students were in the "good" category and 4 (11.43%) were in the "sufficient" category. Subsequently, a significant change was observed in the knowledge distribution based on the post-test, where 35 (100%) students were in the good category. Analysis using a paired-samples t-test revealed that p(0.000)<α(0.05), indicating that H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. This demonstrates a significant difference between the mean results of the pre-test and post-test after the educational intervention.

The development targets in the Health sector in the 2020–2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) place one of the main targets for maternal and child health is to reduce the incidence of children under five years old (toddlers) stunting (low height / short) by 30.8% (2018) to 19% in 2024. Optimal Health Status must be prepared since a woman before marriage. Then continued when the woman is pregnant, and while breastfeeding. Childhood is the foundation for growth and development in the next stage, if there are nutritional problems then the consequences that arise are permanent. The risk of stunting by 7x can occur in women 15-49 years who experience anemia and when they become pregnant will be at risk of giving birth to stunted babies. In women of childbearing age aged 15-49 years is the foundation for growth and development in the next stage, if during this period women experience nutritional problems then the consequences that arise can be permanent or irreversible. Its essence is a critical period when a system is plastic and sensitive to its environment, followed by a permanent loss of plasticity and functional capacity (Ummi Kalsum et al., 2021). Before education was provided, most adolescents showed a low level of understanding, namely 31 respondents (56.7%), and awareness of the importance of monitoring nutritional status during adolescence was also minimal. However, after interactive counseling with an easy-to-understand approach, there was a significant increase in knowledge, with 41 respondents (68.3%) showing an increase in understanding, reflected in a change in the knowledge category to a better level. This activity emphasizes the importance of promotive and preventive interventions in areas at high risk of nutritional problems. The implementation of direct and participatory education involving cadres and health workers has proven effective in increasing awareness and forming healthy lifestyle behaviors in adolescents. Therefore, similar education programs need to be implemented continuously to reduce anemia rates to prevent stunting and prevent stunting from adolescence.

This study intended to examine the impact of implementation’s digital marketing on the production level of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). In the digital era, technology-based marketing strategies such as social media, e-commerce, and messaging applications have become essential tools for reaching a wider range of consumers. This research uses a qualitative approach with semi-structured interview techniques involving MSME actors from various sectors. The results show that most MSMEs actively utilizing digital marketing have experienced a significant increase in demand, which has led to higher production levels. However, some MSMEs have not felt a substantial impact due to limitations in managing digital platforms and a lack of knowledge in online marketing. Digital marketing plays an important role in supporting the growth of MSME production, although its effectiveness largely depends on the adaptability of each business owner. This research is expected to contribute to the preparation of digital marketing strategies for MSMEs in the digital era.

Horticultural commodities are an important component in the development of agriculture that continues to grow. In order to fulfill family nutrition, horticultural cultivation is one of the routine jobs of farmers in Kawangu Village, Pandawai District-East Sumba which is located in a coastal area with an altitude of 40 meters above sea level. The soil conditions that are more dominated by sand and rocks cause farmers in the location to experience obstacles in fulfilling organic fertilizers as an important input in the process of cultivating horticultural plants. This community service activity is expected to provide new knowledge about making solid organic fertilizers so that farmers can apply them to horticultural plants. Community service activities are carried out using the PRA (Participatory Rural Approach) method including observation, problem identification, counseling, making solid organic fertilizers, mentoring and evaluation. Through this activity, farmers have succeeded in making solid organic fertilizers using local materials available around the horticultural land and have been applied directly in the cultivation of horticultural plants. This community service has been successfully implemented independently by farmers by utilizing leaf litter and livestock manure around the horticultural land.

The correctional facility SAE L’SIMA in Malang is confronted with two major challenges: the environmental impact of accumulated cow manure and the need to provide meaningful vocational training for inmates to support rehabilitation and reintegration. This community service program was designed to address both issues simultaneously through the introduction and application of biogas technology. The primary objective was to manage livestock waste as an alternative renewable energy source while equipping inmates with practical technical skills applicable beyond the correctional setting. The implementation method employed a participatory approach that involved several stages, including program socialization, site survey, biogas unit design, assembly of a small-scale digester, and subsequent monitoring and evaluation.The results demonstrated that the biogas unit was successfully constructed and operational; however, gas production levels remained below optimal standards. Key challenges identified included unstable temperature conditions, which negatively affected the fermentation process, and technical problems such as leakage in the piping system. These obstacles limited the overall effectiveness of gas generation. Despite these limitations, the project provided significant outcomes. First, it created a working model of sustainable energy generation within the correctional environment. Second, it delivered valuable vocational training for inmates, offering them both theoretical knowledge and hands-on experience in renewable energy technology. Furthermore, the program encouraged inmate participation, fostering teamwork, responsibility, and problem-solving skills that are essential for personal development.In conclusion, although technical barriers remain, this initiative succeeded in establishing the foundation for sustainable waste management and renewable energy application within a correctional facility. More importantly, it highlights the potential of biogas technology not only as an environmental solution but also as a rehabilitative vocational training tool. Continued monitoring, process optimization, and technical refinements are essential for achieving long-term success and scalability of this model in similar institutional contexts.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an increasing global health challenge, especially due to the irrational use of antibiotics. Increasing public awareness of the dangers of AMR is an important step in prevention and control efforts. A counseling program on AMR awareness has been implemented as part of the Community Service Program by Bali International University students in Punggul Village, Badung Regency, Bali Province. Method: This community service activity was carried out on September 5, 2023 and was attended by more than 50 participants, the majority of whom were housewives. The methods used included the presentation of educational materials, interactive sessions, and local culture-based campaigns to increase public understanding regarding the proper and wise use of antibiotics. Results: Evaluation through posttest showed that there was fair knowledge (73.0%) and positif attitude of participants (100%) regarding the importance of rational use of antibiotics. In addition, this activity had a positive impact on students as implementers, especially in improving communication skills, leadership, and community empowerment. Conclusion: This program showed that a community-based educational approach that is sensitive to the local context has significant potential in raising awareness of AMR. Active involvement of young people as agents of change can be a sustainable strategy to support AMR control efforts at the local and global levels.

Expository learning is a teaching strategy that emphasizes direct, systematic, and structured delivery of content from teacher to students. Although it is considered efficient in conveying factual and procedural knowledge, its effectiveness in supporting 21st-century learning demanding active participation and critical thinking is still debated. This study aims to critically examine the effectiveness of expository learning through a literature review of national journals published between 2017 and 2025. The method used is library research with a descriptive-qualitative approach and content analysis technique. The findings reveal that expository learning is effective across educational levels for conceptual material, but its weakness lies in limited student engagement. Supporting factors such as teacher competence, instructional media, and student readiness significantly influence its success. This study also finds that expository learning remains relevant when combined with interactive methods such as discussions and projects. Practically, teachers are encouraged to design more adaptive expository learning to maintain its effectiveness in today’s educational context.

Anxiety in adolescents in Indonesia is an increasingly pressing mental health problem. According to the National Adolescent Mental Health Survey (I-NAMHS) conducted in 2022, around 15.5 million Indonesian adolescents aged 10 to 17 years experienced mental health problems in the past 12 months. Various factors, such as academic pressure, bullying, problems in family and peer relationships, and the influence of social media, often cause anxiety in adolescents. Five-finger hypnotherapy is a therapy that uses five fingers to help clients change their perception of their anxiety levels without the effects of dependency. Using five-finger hypnosis, combine the index finger and thumb to imagine a healthy body, the middle finger to imagine a loving and caring person, the ring finger to imagine achievements, awards, and praise that have been experienced, and the little finger to imagine the most beautiful place ever visited. The purpose of this activity is to increase adolescent knowledge and skills to overcome anxiety with five-finger hypnosis. The socialization method in the form of lectures and questions and answers is used in this activity with leaflets and flip charts. The results of the respondents' activities were very enthusiastic about the material presented and there were several respondents who asked questions. The conclusion of this educational activity was successful in increasing the knowledge and skills of adolescents in overcoming anxiety.

Menstrual hygiene is an important component of personal hygiene that plays a significant role in an individual's health behavior, helping to prevent disorders in reproductive organ function. This study aims to determine the effect of health promotion on the level of menstrual hygiene knowledge among children aged 13–15 years. The study design used a pre-experimental approach with a one-group pre-posttest design. The population consisted of 110 respondents, and using simple random sampling, 83 respondents were selected. Data for this study were collected using a knowledge level questionnaire. After tabulation, the data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test with p < 0.05. The results showed that nearly all female students (108, or 98.2%) had insufficient knowledge of menstrual hygiene before receiving health promotion. Almost all female students after receiving health promotion had adequate knowledge of menstrual hygiene, totaling 88 (80.0%). Based on the above results, the effect of health promotion on the level of knowledge of menstrual hygiene among children aged 13-15 years was found to be p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). This indicates that health promotion has an effect on the level of knowledge about menstrual hygiene among girls aged 13–15 years. Therefore, it is hoped that female students will always maintain their genital hygiene by practicing proper personal hygiene in accordance with the guidelines provided by healthcare professionals, especially during menstruation.