Publication Search

The protection of victims of sexual violence in Indonesia's national legal system is representative of the state's commitment to uphold human dignity, as mandated by the constitution. The constitutional basis for this protection is stated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, especially Article 28G paragraph (1), which states that everyone has the right to protection of privacy, honor, dignity, and freedom from treatment that degrades human values. Currently, sexual violence can occur anywhere, especially in the scope of education. The impact of sexual violence causes a lot of harm to its victims, from the impact on the victim's psychology to the physical impact. The purpose of the research is related to the effectiveness of law enforcement or the operation of the law and the background of the law. Whether a legal protection can protect the rights of victims of sexual violence, and provide proper protection that must be obtained for victims of sexual violence. This research uses emprical research methods and a case approach which is used to analyze the handling of cases of “Sexual Violence and Forced Abortion” as a real form of legal application. With the existence of legal protection for victims of sexual violence provided by the state, it does not guarantee victims get the promised justice. Social stigma is one that can exacerbate the suffering of victims, making them isolated and reluctant to seek help. Society often tends to blame the victim, creating an unsupportive and even demeaning environment. Therefore, it is important to address social stigma in the context of sexual violence to impact the well-being of the individual as well as society as a whole.

The learning environment plays a strategic role in determining the quality of the teaching and learning process, particularly for fifth-grade elementary school students who are at a crucial stage of cognitive and social development. This study aims to analyze the influence of the learning environment on the effectiveness of learning in Grade V of elementary school using a descriptive qualitative approach through literature review. The learning environment examined includes physical aspects (such as facilities, classroom layout, and lighting) as well as non-physical aspects (such as social interaction, emotional atmosphere, and teacher support). The findings reveal that a conducive learning environment significantly enhances students’ motivation, engagement, and academic achievement. These results are supported by Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s constructivist theories, as well as Bandura’s social learning theory, which emphasize the importance of interaction between learners and their environment in constructing knowledge and skills. The study recommends strong collaboration among schools, teachers, and education stakeholders to create a holistic, safe, and supportive learning environment that fosters students’ academic and personal development.

This study aims to explore the roles of schools and parents in shaping the character of students with physical disabilities at SLB Yasmin Sumenep. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach through a case study method, data were gathered via interviews, classroom observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that schools play a significant role by providing accessible facilities, training teachers, and promoting an inclusive school culture. Teachers act as facilitators and guides, applying adaptive teaching strategies and instilling positive values. Meanwhile, parents serve as primary companions at home, fostering their children's confidence and independence. The collaboration between schools and families is essential to creating a supportive and effective learning environment. Despite challenges such as students’ physical limitations and emotional fluctuations, comprehensive support from all stakeholders contributes to the optimal development and character building of students with physical disabilities.

This study is a descriptive qualitative study that aims to describe sexual education provided by parents at Taman Firdaus Christian Kindergarten, Balige, North Sumatra. Data were obtained through direct interviews with the Principal, teachers, and several parents. The results showed that teachers and parents at Taman Firdaus Christian Kindergarten had provided basic teaching about the physical differences between boys and girls. However, an explanation of the genitals and their names had not been given because it was considered inappropriate for the age of the children. The main focus of teaching was on norms of politeness and privacy, although a comprehensive understanding of sexuality had not been achieved. Understanding of boundaries and privacy was taught by emphasizing the importance of maintaining privacy, such as not showing genitals to the opposite sex and maintaining physical distance. However, there were challenges such as the limitations of school policies in separating boys' and girls' toilets. The use of appropriate language in sexual education has been carried out well, although consistency in the school environment and at home needs to be improved. Parental involvement in children's sexual education is considered important, but there are obstacles in the form of parental discomfort in discussing sexuality topics with their children at home. The descriptive approach in this qualitative study aims to describe in detail the events, phenomena, and social situations that are the focus of the study. Analysis is carried out by giving meaning, interpreting, and comparing the data obtained to gain a deep understanding of the subject being studied.

This study discusses the role of holistic and comprehensive education in shaping the Islamic character of students through an integrative approach that includes physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects. This study aims to evaluate the extent to which a holistic educational approach can contribute to the formation of Islamic character rooted in the values ​​of Islamic teachings, while supporting the goals of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in the context of formal education. The method used is descriptive qualitative research with a literature study approach, which involves analysis of various scientific sources, including journals, reference books, and relevant articles. The results of the study indicate that holistic and comprehensive education is able to shape the Islamic character of students comprehensively and contextually, in line with the principles of PAI. This study also emphasizes the importance of integrating character values ​​through the curriculum, learning methods, and the role of teachers and the environment as the main supporters of the success of Islamic character education. Thus, character education based on a holistic and comprehensive approach can be an effective model in responding to the moral and spiritual challenges of students in the modern era.

Sleep is a basic need for every human being. Every human being needs adequate sleep in order to obtain a healthy and good body. Poor sleep quality is one of the causes of many medical ailments and has a strong relationship between physical, psychological and sleep health. According to several studies on sleep quality, a person's sleep quality is influenced by several factors such as physical activity, stress and emotion, surfing the internet, watching television and having other habits such as drinking alcohol, smoking and fast food. The student group is a group that has a fairly solid activity. Students can experience disturbances in the circadian cycle due to increased pressure from the academic environment so that groups of students do not have enough sleep. Some of the stressors from Medical Faculty students include busy class schedules, piled up assignments, anxiety before exams that affect the sleep quality of the Medical Faculty students. To determine the relationship between physical activity and emotional stress on decreased sleep quality in students of the Faculty of Medicine, UMSU class 2018. This study used an analytical descriptive method with a cross sectional design. The data was processed using the SPSS Chi-Square test in June 2022 at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra. Based on the results of the analysis, the demographic characteristics of the average age of respondents were 22 (range 22-24) years and 97 (74%) of respondents were women, the frequency of poor sleep quality was the highest (79.4%), the frequency of light physical activity as much as (55%) and the frequency of moderate emotional stress (84%). Multivariate analysis showed that the factors that influence the decrease in sleep quality were emotional stress with p value = 0.001. Physical activity statistically did not affect the decrease in sleep quality with p value = 0.993. There is a significant relationship between emotional stress and decreased sleep quality in students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra, Class of 2018.

The values of Islamic education are the development of the human mind and the arrangement of behavior and emotions based on Islamic teachings. Thus, Islamic education's values will provide humans with happiness, welfare and human safety both in this world and in the afterlife. According to the Islam viewpoint, everyone must prepare themselves as well as possible to build a relationship based on love and noble values. Physical, mental, and economic preparedness is required; in this situation, in terms of the educational features inherent in Islamic teachings, the objective is to build a secure, pleasant, and tranquil home environment.

Bullying is an act of physical or psychological violence that can have long-term effects on its victims. In the context of legal protection, Law No. 35 of 2014 on Child Protection serves as the legal foundation for protecting children from all forms of violence, including bullying. This legal protection includes both preventive and repressive measures against perpetrators, as well as the provision of facilities for the recovery of victims.Moreover, social factors such as cultural norms, family environment, and peer interactions often exacerbate the impact of bullying. Stigma and discrimination against victims, which frequently arise due to a lack of public awareness, can worsen their psychological condition and hinder the recovery process.This study aims to analyze the social and legal impacts of bullying on victims and highlight the importance of more effective legal protection in reducing the prevalence of bullying in society.

This study aims to analyze the personality competence of ninth-grade teachers at SMP Negeri 23 Medan based on students' perceptions. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach with data collected through observation and in-depth interviews involving nine purposively selected students. The findings reveal that most teachers demonstrated basic aspects of personality competence, such as punctuality and responsibility. However, several issues were identified, including emotional instability in handling classroom situations, favoritism, and the use of physical punishment as a disciplinary method. These findings indicate that teachers' personality competence still needs improvement, particularly in emotional regulation, fairness, and role modeling. The study recommends structured and continuous personality development programs for teachers to foster a positive classroom environment and support students' character development.    

This study examines various proactive and reactive classroom management strategies and approaches to create a conducive learning environment. Effective classroom management is crucial for minimizing disruptions, enhancing student engagement, and supporting their academic and socio-emotional development. The literature review covers preventive measures such as establishing clear expectations and routines, building positive teacher-student relationships, and creating physically and emotionally safe learning spaces. Additionally, reactive strategies for addressing disruptive behaviors—including verbal and non-verbal interventions, conflict resolution, and de-escalation techniques—are discussed. The study emphasizes the importance of consistent, fair, and culturally responsive approaches tailored to student diversity and needs. The analysis reveals that the effectiveness of approaches such as authoritative, democratic, and behavioral modification varies depending on the context, with recommendations to flexibly combine multiple methods. Challenges like student heterogeneity, limited facilities, and teacher preparedness are identified, along with innovative solutions such as differentiated instruction and technology integration.

Domestic violence (DV) is a form of human rights violation that often occurs but is still widely unreported. This study aims to examine the forms of domestic violence, the factors that cause it, and its impact on victims, especially women and children. The method used is the library research method. The results of the study indicate that physical, psychological, sexual, and economic violence are the most common forms of domestic violence. The dominant factors causing domestic violence include patriarchy, economic dependence, alcohol abuse, and weak law enforcement. The impacts are not only physical, but also psychological and long-term social. This study recommends increasing public education, strengthening victim protection institutions, and stricter law enforcement against perpetrators of domestic violence. Handling domestic violence holistically is the key to creating a safe and healthy family environment.

This research discusses the process of relocating residents from informal settlements under the Pasopati Bridge to Simple Rental Flats (Rusunawa) in Solokan Jeruk, Bandung Regency. This relocation is a policy of the Bandung City Government and West Java Provincial Government to organize extreme slum areas and provide adequate housing for low-income people. Using a qualitative approach and literature study, this research analyzes the mechanisms for implementing relocation, the actors involved, and the social and economic impacts experienced by residents after relocation. The research results show that although relocation provides access to more adequate housing and basic facilities, residents face serious challenges in terms of social adaptation, loss of community networks, increased economic burden, and loss of old sources of livelihood. Relocation also causes psychosocial pressure and shifts in the structure of social interactions due to changes in the physical environment and social norms in the flat. This study emphasizes the importance of a participatory approach and comprehensive post-relocation interventions, including economic, social and psychological support, so that relocation is not just a physical transfer, but also a sustainable life transformation for affected residents.

This study examines various proactive and reactive classroom management strategies and approaches to create a conducive learning environment. Effective classroom management is crucial for minimizing disruptions, enhancing student engagement, and supporting their academic and socio-emotional development. The literature review covers preventive measures such as establishing clear expectations and routines, building positive teacher-student relationships, and creating physically and emotionally safe learning spaces. Additionally, reactive strategies for addressing disruptive behaviors—including verbal and non-verbal interventions, conflict resolution, and de-escalation techniques—are discussed. The study emphasizes the importance of consistent, fair, and culturally responsive approaches tailored to student diversity and needs. The analysis reveals that the effectiveness of approaches such as authoritative, democratic, and behavioral modification varies depending on the context, with recommendations to flexibly combine multiple methods. Challenges like student heterogeneity, limited facilities, and teacher preparedness are identified, along with innovative solutions such as differentiated instruction and technology integration.

Cervical cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality among women, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia, where prevalence is high and early detection is often delayed. This study aims to identify and synthesize the major risk factors for cervical cancer through a systematic review of both national and international literature. The core problem addressed is the lack of a comprehensive and context-relevant risk framework for Indonesian women, resulting in suboptimal preventive interventions. The proposed method is a qualitative descriptive literature review, analyzing 15 selected scientific articles based on defined inclusion criteria. Key findings indicate that age ≥35 years, high parity, early sexual activity, smoking habits, prolonged use of hormonal contraceptives, low educational attainment, and physically demanding occupations are significant determinants of increased cervical cancer risk. The synthesis of ideas shows that biological, behavioral, social, and environmental factors interact in complex ways to influence vulnerability to cervical cancer. This study concludes that cervical cancer prevention requires a multidimensional approach that integrates education, routine screening, and increased public awareness of modifiable risk factors. The findings are expected to inform more effective and context-sensitive health policy development in Indonesia.

This study examines the factors that influence teacher satisfaction with performance and work environment, essential for the quality of education. Through literature study, it was found that teacher satisfaction directly impacts performance (quality, quantity, punctuality of teaching). The work environment, both physical (school facilities) and non-physical (relationships between colleagues, management support, school climate), is a major determinant of satisfaction. Although teachers face challenges, a positive environment has been shown to increase satisfaction. It is concluded that satisfaction, performance, and work environment are mutually reinforcing. Strategic investment in these elements is essential to create a better education ecosystem.

Early childhood represents a critical stage of rapid growth and development, during which children require appropriate stimulation to optimize both their physical health and overall well-being. One effective approach to meet these developmental needs is through engaging and enjoyable physical activities. Creative gymnastics, which combines rhythmic movements with music, offers a practical and appealing method to strengthen children’s immune systems while simultaneously fostering the development of gross motor skills. This community service program was implemented at Early Childhood Education (ECE) Citra Kasih School, Ambon, and involved children aged 4–6 years. The method of implementation emphasized direct practice, where children actively participated in a series of simple, structured, and playful movements accompanied by cheerful music, making the activity easy to follow and enjoyable. Observations during the program indicated that children showed a higher level of enthusiasm, increased activeness, and notable improvements in stamina, balance, and movement coordination. In addition, teachers expressed positive responses, highlighting the added value of integrating structured physical activities into the learning environment. The program not only benefited the children physically but also provided educators with new insights on effective strategies to support children’s health. Therefore, creative gymnastics can be recommended as a routine school activity to strengthen immunity, improve physical endurance, and promote healthy lifestyles in early childhood.

This study aims to analyze the role of classroom management and classroom arrangement in improving the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process, especially in the context of the Character Education Strengthening Program (PPK). The research method used is descriptive qualitative with the research location at SD Negeri 1 Wonosobo, Central Java. Participants included teachers, principals, and students. The results of the study indicate that flexible and conducive classroom arrangements, such as the arrangement of tables and chairs according to learning activities, as well as physical factors such as good lighting and ventilation, can improve student focus and collaboration. Effective classroom management, including careful planning, clear communication, and an inclusive approach, has been shown to create a positive learning climate and increase student motivation and achievement. Obstacles such as limited facilities and diversity of student characters can be overcome through a democratic approach, teacher training, and collaboration with parents. Integration of character values in PPK through class agreements and teacher role models also strengthens student character formation. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of synergy between classroom arrangements, classroom management, and PPK to create a holistic and effective learning environment.

This study analyzes the impact of Workload and Physical Work Environment on Job Satisfaction of employees of PT. Delta Dunia Sandang Tekstil (DDST) in Demak, with Job Stress as an intermediary variable. Using 180 samples and multiple linear regression analysis (Smartpls v4), it was found that Workload, Physical Work Environment, and Job Stress significantly affect Job Satisfaction. Physical Work Environment has the greatest influence on Job Stress (effect size 0.785), indicating the importance of a good work environment to reduce stress. Job Stress is also significant on Job Satisfaction (effect size 0.147), confirming that stress management increases satisfaction. Workload also has a strong influence on Job Satisfaction (effect size 0.293) and Job Stress (effect size 0.145), highlighting the need for a balanced workload. However, the direct effect of Physical Work Environment on Job Satisfaction in this model is not significant.

This study aims to analyze strategies for creating a conducive classroom climate through the integration of classroom management and strengthening teachers' work ethic. The research employs a qualitative literature review method, collecting and analyzing various relevant sources. Findings indicate that a conducive classroom climate is influenced by three main factors: (1) effective classroom management, including physical environment arrangement, implementation of democratic approaches, and participatory learning methods; (2) teachers' work ethic encompassing commitment, creativity, and the ability to build positive interactions; and (3) institutional support through facilities and teacher development programs. Challenges such as administrative burdens and lack of teacher appreciation are also discussed. The study concludes that holistic integration of classroom management and teacher work ethic enhancement can create an optimal learning environment. Recommendations include improving teacher training, providing supporting facilities, and conducting further research to test this model's effectiveness in various contexts.

Indonesia's rich natural resources offer immense potential for tourism development, with various locations evolving into popular tourist destinations. Kledung Pass, with its stunning views of three mountains, is an attractive stopover for travelers heading to cities across Java. Despite its popularity, however, there is no clear technical framework for designing rest areas in such locations. This study addresses the gap by proposing a new concept that reimagines rest areas as tourist destinations, providing brief yet meaningful stops for travelers. The research conducted surveys with road users to understand their rest needs while traveling. It focused on identifying key factors influencing the need for rest from a neuroscience perspective, considering both the physiological and psychological aspects. These findings were analyzed using William Peña’s space programming theory to develop appropriate design standards. The results indicated two main factors driving the need for temporary stopovers: physical fatigue from long journeys and emotional boredom. These findings underscore the necessity for spaces that cater to both physical relaxation and mental rejuvenation, creating a more holistic rest area experience. The proposed design standards move beyond traditional rest areas, integrating recreational features to enhance user experience. The design that considers the effective zoning layout and the use of environmentally friendly materials is expected to be able to create an economically efficient rest area, while providing a positive experience that is environmentally friendly. Overall, planning non-toll rest areas with neuroarchitectural principles can create functional rest areas that support mental health, as well as strengthen Indonesia's tourism appeal through sustainable and highquality space experiences.