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Futsal is a sport that demands solid teamwork to achieve victory. However, at the vocational high school (SMK) level, many futsal teams still rely solely on individual skills without considering the importance of synergy and communication between players. This outreach activity aims to increase the understanding and awareness of the SMK Hang Tuah 1 Jakarta futsal team regarding the importance of good teamwork. The outreach method used in this outreach was interactive and game simulations that emphasized communication strategies, role-playing, and trust among team members. The results of this activity showed a significant improvement in team coordination and cohesiveness. Players also demonstrated a better understanding of their respective roles and were able to make collective decisions on the field. It is hoped that the results of this outreach will serve as a foundation for the SMK Hang Tuah 1 Jakarta futsal team to develop their potential and achieve even better results in the future.

This community service activity aims to enhance elementary school students’ awareness of healthy digital behavior through the socialization of social media ethics and responsible internet use. The method applied was Participatory Action Research (PAR), involving students, teachers, and school stakeholders in an active, collaborative learning process. The program took place at MI Muhammadiyah, Pagentan District, on August 16, 2025, for three hours, including material presentation, case simulations, educational games, and reflective discussions. The results indicate an increased understanding of digital ethics, the emergence of critical attitudes toward gadget use, and the establishment of a “digital healthy class” commitment between teachers and students. Teachers acted as local leaders to sustain digital literacy values within learning activities. This activity demonstrates that a participatory approach effectively promotes behavioral transformation and fosters a culture of responsible digital awareness among elementary school students.

The use of digital-based learning media has revolutionized the way we learn and teach. Particularly in teaching science at the elementary school level, the application of this type of media stands out as a relevant and interesting topic. This media can significantly improve the quality of science learning, while providing a more interactive and enjoyable learning experience for students. This study aims to review the literature related to the use of digital learning media in the context of science teaching. The approach used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The data collection process involved compiling and analyzing articles discussing digital learning media in science learning, focusing on publications from 2021 to 2023. A total of six articles from journals available on Google Scholar were collected by the researcher. From a systematic review of various published studies, it can be summarized that various types of digital media can be applied in the science learning process. The most commonly used media include digital elements such as images, videos, simulations, and interactive games, as these tools can motivate students to learn and strengthen their curiosity about the material being studied.

Natural Science (IPA) learning is an important foundation in developing students' scientific literacy, critical thinking skills, and scientific attitudes. However, the learning process still faces many challenges related to low learning interest, the dominance of conventional methods, and limited use of technology. This article aims to analyze the effectiveness of innovative approaches in science learning through a systematic review of 25 national and international journal articles published in 2020–2025. The systematic review method was carried out through the stages of identification, selection, data extraction, and thematic analysis. The results of the analysis show that the Problem-Based Learning (PBL), Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL), STEM Learning, and digital technology integration (PhET Simulation, mobile learning, gamification, blended learning) approaches have been proven to have a positive impact on learning outcomes, critical thinking skills, creativity, and student motivation. The thematic analysis resulted in four main themes: (1) strengthening critical thinking skills through PBL, (2) developing creativity and scientific literacy through IBL, (3) STEM integration to improve collaboration and scientific attitudes, and (4) utilizing digital technology for motivation and understanding abstract concepts. This study concludes that a combination of various innovative approaches is needed to make science learning more relevant to the demands of the 21st century.

This decision-making training for students as potential future leaders was held at SMKN 1 Tanjabtim, Jambi Province, where the address is Jemantan, Muara Sabak Barat District, East Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi Province, 36561. The aim is for students to have strong motivation and self-confidence to lead yourself so that you can accept leadership responsibilities in a larger organization in the future and practice decision making as appropriate. The method consists of lectures, both small and large, then simulations, individual and classical approaches. In this mentoring, all participants will be trained to work both individually and in groups.  

The increasing integration and digitization of smart grid systems have exposed them to a variety of security threats, necessitating robust security measures to ensure their reliability and efficiency. This paper proposes a novel Digital Twin-Based Cyber-Physical Security Framework, incorporating AI-driven predictive maintenance and zero-trust architecture to address the evolving challenges of securing smart grids. By leveraging digital twin technology, this framework creates a real-time virtual representation of physical systems, enabling continuous monitoring and simulation for enhanced security and operational performance. Zero-trust security principles are integrated to ensure that no entity, whether inside or outside the network, is trusted by default, thus significantly reducing the risk of cyber-attacks. Additionally, AI-driven predictive maintenance enhances the framework’s reliability by proactively identifying potential failures before they occur, reducing downtime and improving system resilience. Through the development and simulation of this framework, including attack and failure scenarios, the paper demonstrates that the proposed system outperforms traditional methods in terms of anomaly detection, system downtime, and response times. The integration of predictive maintenance allows for early identification of component failures, thus enhancing the overall resilience of the grid. The zero-trust architecture further strengthens the cybersecurity posture, preventing unauthorized access and attacks. The study also identifies challenges, such as data synchronization and scalability, which must be addressed for broader implementation in large-scale smart grid systems. The findings suggest that the proposed framework could play a critical role in the future evolution of smart grid security, offering valuable insights for researchers and practitioners.  

This research presents the design and testing of an automatic color detection system using TCS3200 color sensor integrated with Arduino Uno microcontroller. The system was developed and tested using Wokwi virtual simulation platform before physical implementation. The TCS3200 sensor converts RGB light intensity reflected from objects into frequency signals, which are processed by Arduino Uno to classify colors into red, green, and blue categories. The system incorporates audio feedback using DFPlayer Mini module to provide sound notifications for detected colors. Testing results show that the system can accurately detect and classify primary colors with frequency-based thresholds: red (R<48 &R>37 & G<95 & G>85), blue (G<75 & G>65 & B<33 & B>23), and green (R<55 & R>40 & B<25 & B>5). The simulation validation demonstrates stable performance with consistent color recognition capabilities, making it suitable for industrial sorting applications and assistive technology for visually impaired individuals.

Digital books are a transformation from printed books into digital media that can be accessed through devices such as computers, tablets, or smartphones. Digital books not only display text but can also contain multimedia elements such as images, audio, video, animations, and interactive quizzes. This makes the learning process more engaging and less monotonous. In the context of learning Hajj and Umrah material, digital books can display simulations of Hajj rituals, videos of worship in the Holy Land, and maps of Hajj and Umrah journeys, all of which can strengthen students' understanding. This study aims to explore the use of digital books as a learning medium for Islamic Religious Education (PAI) on Hajj and Umrah material at the Junior High School (SMP) level. Digital books are considered capable of overcoming the limitations of conventional learning media, which are static and less interactive. By utilizing multimedia elements such as manasik simulations, videos, prayer audio, interactive maps, and educational quizzes and games, digital books provide a more contextual, visual, and enjoyable learning experience. In addition, advantages in terms of accessibility, portability, and the ability to be adapted to students' learning styles make digital books relevant to the demands of 21st-century learning. The implementation of digital textbooks in learning was carried out through online, face-to-face, and blended learning models. Effectiveness evaluations included improvements in students' conceptual understanding, learning motivation, and digital skills. The study results indicate that digital textbooks play a significant role in improving the quality of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning, particularly on the topics of Hajj and Umrah, and supporting digital transformation in education.

Bullying remains a serious problem in primary education because it affects children’s psychosocial development, academic performance, and mental health. This community service program focused on educational efforts to prevent bullying at SDN Pamoyanan, Padamaju Village, Pagelaran Sub-district, Cianjur Regency. The aim of this activity was to increase students’ understanding of the definition, forms, impacts, and prevention strategies of bullying, as well as to foster collective awareness in creating a safe and inclusive learning environment. The method applied was a participatory research approach that involved teachers and students in every stage, from planning, implementation, to evaluation. Activities were carried out through observation, discussion, material presentation, simulation, and reflection. The results showed a significant increase in students’ knowledge, where before the intervention most of them did not understand the concept of bullying, but after the program, the majority were able to identify its forms and prevention steps. In addition, the program successfully built positive interactions and encouraged students to be more courageous in sharing their experiences and perspectives regarding bullying. Overall, the findings indicate that participatory-based education is effective in strengthening students’ understanding while fostering more empathetic and collaborative social attitudes. This activity is expected to continue sustainably by involving teachers, parents, and the wider community to strengthen bullying prevention efforts in primary schools.

This study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of Kevlar as a structural material in Medium Altitude Long Endurance (MALE) Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), particularly those designed with winglet innovations. In UAV development, material selection plays a crucial role since it directly affects flight performance, fuel efficiency, and the overall durability of the aircraft structure. Kevlar is widely recognized as a lightweight yet highly durable material, making it an interesting candidate to replace more conventional options such as aluminum and carbon fiber composites. Two approaches were applied in this research: numerical simulations using aerodynamic software and experimental testing on a prototype wing and winglet reinforced with Kevlar. The analysis focused on comparing lift, drag, total aircraft weight, and fuel consumption between Kevlar-based structures and conventional materials. The results demonstrate that Kevlar significantly improves aerodynamic efficiency and extends flight endurance due to its lower weight. Moreover, Kevlar exhibits superior resistance to dynamic loads and impacts, which are critical during certain flight conditions. However, challenges remain in terms of higher production costs and more complex manufacturing processes compared to traditional materials. Despite these limitations, the findings provide valuable insights for developing more efficient and durable MALE UAVs, while also encouraging innovation in aerodynamic design through the application of winglet technology.

 National insight is an important foundation in the character development of Indonesia's young generation, especially in facing the challenges of globalization, digitalization, and changing values ​​among adolescents. This Community Service (PKM) activity aims to strengthen national insight for new students of SMAN 46 Jakarta through a contextual approach relevant to the conditions of today's youth. The contextual approach was chosen because it can help students understand the material by connecting the knowledge learned with their daily experiences, so that the learning process becomes more meaningful, easier to understand, and less abstract (Aminah et al., 2022; Parhan & Sukaenah, 2020). The methods used in this program include interactive counseling, group discussions, and reflections supported by audiovisual media close to students' daily lives, such as short videos, digital illustrations, and case simulations. This activity was held on July 14–16, 2025, as part of the School Environment Introduction Period (MPLS) and was attended by 450 new students in grade X. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in students' understanding of the concept of national insight from a practical and contextual perspective, with a focus on the values ​​of empathy, solidarity, mutual cooperation, anti-bullying, and positive creativity. Furthermore, this program succeeded in changing the paradigm of students from an understanding of national insight that initially tended to be normative and abstract to being more applicable in everyday life. This proves that strengthening national insight through a contextual approach can be an effective strategy in forming a young generation that is characterful, adaptive, and has social awareness.

Transmission line reconductoring is one of the strategic solutions to increase the capacity and efficiency of the power system without the need to build new infrastructure. This study aims to analyze and compare the performance of two types of conductors, namely ACSR Hawk and ACCC Amsterdam, used in the Suralaya-Cilegon 500 kV SUTET transmission line. The comparison is carried out by considering technical aspects including power losses, ampacity, horizontal and vertical sag values, and overall energy efficiency. The research methodology involved a literature study, collection of conductor technical data, calculation of resistance, current, and power losses, and simulation of sag values against temperature variations. In addition, economic analysis and field implementation aspects were also considered to assess the feasibility of using each conductor. The results show that Amsterdam's ACCC conductor has superior technical performance compared to Hawk's ACSR. ACCC is capable of delivering currents up to ±1300 A, compared to ACSR Hawk which is only ±800 A. The power loss value using ACCC is recorded at ±1.34 MW, lower than ACSR Hawk at ±1.79 MW. In addition, ACCC exhibits smaller sag values due to its lighter weight and higher tensile stress, making it more stable against temperature fluctuations. In terms of energy efficiency, the use of ACCC can save energy up to ±3942 MWh per year. By considering the technical advantages and long-term energy efficiency, this study recommends the use of Amsterdam ACCC as a reconductoring solution for high-voltage transmission lines, especially in systems that have high loads and require maximum reliability and efficiency.

Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) is a markup language used to structure and format text documents through the use of tags that control the appearance of content on web pages. HTML defines various document elements such as headings, paragraphs, images, and lists, which form the basic structure of a webpage. JavaScript, on the other hand, serves as a programming language that adds interactivity and dynamics to web pages. While HTML provides the basic framework for website layout, JavaScript enhances functionality with features that cannot be achieved through HTML alone, such as dynamically manipulating elements and responding to user interactions. Together, these two languages form the core foundation for web development. This program aims to equip students of SMAN 58 with the skills to practice using HTML tags, understand the basics of JavaScript programming, and develop interactive web pages through online simulations. The training will be conducted in stages, beginning with the submission of a proposal to the school and followed by the scheduled training in June 2024. Students will use the One Compiler platform for real-time practice, allowing them to write and execute HTML and JavaScript code directly in the browser. The training will be conducted interactively, introducing the fundamental concepts of HTML and JavaScript, along with demonstrations showing how to create dynamic websites. In the final phase, students will take a quiz designed to assess their understanding of the material and their ability to apply the knowledge gained. Through this program, it is expected that students will master the basic skills of website creation and have the ability to independently develop their own interactive web projects. Additionally, this program aims to enhance students' digital awareness and technical skills in the era of information technology.

This community service program was designed to empower residents of RW 06 Kalibaru, North Jakarta, by transforming local organic waste—such as sawdust and seashells—into a high-value commodity: oyster mushrooms. The training began with a needs assessment to ensure the relevance of the materials, followed by the application of the Adult Education (POD) approach, integrating theoretical and practical learning. The theoretical sessions provided participants with insights into economic prospects, nutritional benefits, and business opportunities, while the practical sessions developed technical skills in substrate preparation, sterilization, inoculation, and mushroom maintenance. The program was reinforced through participatory discussions, demonstrations, and simulations to ensure effective skill transfer. Monitoring and evaluation were conducted via Focus Group Discussions, and continuous mentoring was carried out through field visits, online communication, and the formation of farmer groups as collaborative platforms. As a result, participants demonstrated a significant improvement in knowledge and technical skills, accompanied by greater awareness of the economic potential of previously discarded waste. This initiative not only serves as an innovative solution to environmental problems but also acts as a catalyst for the application of the circular economy, creating micro-enterprise opportunities and strengthening community economic independence. The synergy between universities, the local community, and industry partners is a key factor in sustaining the program, with recommendations for expanding training on product diversification, marketing strategies, and policy support to accelerate business development. Additionally, the success of the program has opened new avenues for sustainable entrepreneurship, particularly in communities with limited resources. The involvement of local stakeholders—such as community leaders and small businesses—has been instrumental in fostering a sense of ownership and shared responsibility for the program's success. The use of organic waste as a resource for mushroom cultivation also aligns with broader environmental goals, such as reducing waste and promoting sustainable practices.

Cahaya Amal Soleh Foundation is a social institution that focuses on community service through various institutional programs engaged in social, education, and community empowerment. However, a number of operational staff who do not have a financial background have difficulty in understanding and managing financial reports effectively. This study aims to assist staff through the On-the-Job Learning and Development Program (OLDP) themed Finance for Non-Finance with the SIAPIK (Islamic Boarding School and Social Charity Accounting Information System) application approach. The method used is a qualitative approach with a participatory model, involving direct training, transaction recording simulations, and evaluation of participant understanding. The results of the assistance showed a significant increase in staff understanding of basic accounting principles, transaction recording, and SIAPIK-based financial reporting. These findings indicate that a practical approach through an application based on the foundation's needs can improve the financial capacity of non-accounting staff. The implications of this activity reinforce the importance of digitizing the financial system of social organizations and the need for ongoing training for human resources so that accountable and transparent financial governance can be realized sustainably. In addition, the results of this program highlight that the integration of technology and participatory training can overcome barriers in financial literacy among non-finance staff. The SIAPIK application provides an accessible interface and structured modules that are easy to understand, thereby reducing the complexity usually associated with financial management. Staff who previously felt unconfident in processing financial transactions gradually gained competence and independence in applying accounting procedures. The training also fostered collaborative learning, where participants supported each other in solving case simulations, enhancing not only technical knowledge but also teamwork and problem-solving skills. Furthermore, the foundation’s management expressed that the program positively contributed to institutional performance by ensuring more reliable and transparent financial reporting.

The rapid development of digital technology has brought significant benefits to the field of education, particularly through the use of academic email as an official medium of communication. However, this also creates potential security risks, especially phishing attacks based on social engineering. The low level of digital security literacy among students makes academic email accounts vulnerable to cybercrime. This study aims to implement an awareness program on academic email security, focusing on improving students’ understanding of phishing threats at SMA Islam Terpadu Rantau Prapat. The method used was an interactive workshop approach, which included theoretical sessions, demonstrations of phishing cases, simulations on identifying fake emails, and group discussions. Evaluation was carried out through pre-tests and post-tests to measure the participants’ ability to detect phishing. The results showed a significant improvement in students’ knowledge and skills, with the percentage of participants able to identify phishing increasing from 20% before the program to 82% after the program. These findings demonstrate that practice-based education is effective in building students’ digital literacy. The limitation of this study lies in the relatively small sample size and short-term evaluation. Future research is expected to expand the number of participants and integrate interactive technologies to ensure more sustainable impacts.

Shadow puppet craft training is a strategic intervention in preserving cultural heritage and strengthening the creative economy sector in Indonesia. To ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of training, a planning approach is needed that is not only conventional, but also based on quantitative analysis and intelligent systems. This community service proposes a training planning strategy using an interdisciplinary approach involving Operation Research, Design of Experiment (DoE), Simulation, Metaheuristic Algorithms, and Data Mining. This study begins with the identification of key training variables, such as duration, number of participants, initial competency level, teaching materials, and instructor resources. Through the DoE approach, various combinations of variables are systematically tested to identify the optimal training design. Next, Simulation is used to model the dynamics of training implementation and evaluate implementation scenarios. To predict training needs and participant behavior, Data Mining techniques are applied to historical data of arts community training. In the final stage, Metaheuristic algorithms such as Genetic Algorithm and Simulated Annealing are used to solve complex and large-scale scheduling and resource allocation problems. The results of the integration of these approaches show an increase in training efficiency of up to 27% as well as increased participant satisfaction and the quality of work results. This activity demonstrates that applying a quantitative, data-driven approach to traditional crafts training planning can provide significant added value. This model can be replicated in other training programs based on local wisdom and other creative industry sectors.

In today’s digital era, the internet and social media have become an essential part of teenagers’ daily lives. Almost every day, they communicate, search for information, and share stories through various digital platforms. However, many are still unaware of how important it is to protect personal data and understand ethics when using social media. This lack of awareness often leads to problems, ranging from account misuse, the spread of hoaxes, to cases of online bullying that can harm many people.To address this issue, a training program was specifically designed for junior high school students to equip them with safe and responsible digital skills. The training not only provided theoretical explanations but also included real case simulations and hands-on practice so students could easily understand and apply the lessons. The materials covered simple ways to protect accounts, recognize signs of hoax news, and build healthy and positive interactions in the digital space.The results of the training showed that students became more aware of the importance of protecting privacy, more cautious before sharing information, and more respectful of ethics in every digital interaction. With a fun and practical approach, this program has proven effective in improving students’ digital literacy and fostering wise attitudes in using social media. In the future, such training is expected to be continuously implemented in schools as an effort to build a safer, healthier, and more cultured digital ecosystem

This study aims to analyze the operational condition of the distribution transformer at substation PY094, PLN ULP Pringgabaya, with a primary focus on identifying and calculating the level of load imbalance on the consumer side. Data were collected through direct measurements of electrical parameters, including voltage and current in each phase, followed by a detailed analysis of energy losses. The measurement results indicated a significant load imbalance. In Feeder B, the average phase currents were recorded at 103.8 A for phase R, 130.2 A for phase S, and 90.4 A for phase T. Meanwhile, in Feeder D, the average phase currents were 47.4 A for phase R, 18 A for phase S, and 20.4 A for phase T. This imbalance caused notable power losses in the distribution system, with an estimated daily energy loss of 28.94 kWh, assuming the system operates 12 hours per day. To address this issue, load balancing simulations were carried out using ETAP software. The simulation involved redistributing load values across each phase in the two main feeders. Feeder B was simulated at 46.82% of the transformer’s full capacity, while Feeder D was simulated at 12.38% of the total 160 kVA capacity. The simulation results demonstrated that redistributing the load significantly reduced the current imbalance, thereby minimizing power losses and improving the operational efficiency of the distribution substation. Therefore, load balancing strategies are essential for enhancing energy efficiency and ensuring the reliability of electricity supply in distribution networks.

This qualitative descriptive study examines how Project‑Based Learning (PjBL) was planned and enacted in Grade 3 mathematics at SD 1 Pokoh Kidul within the Kurikulum Merdeka framework and explores its effects on student learning as well as implementation challenges. Data came from semi‑structured interviews, non‑participant classroom observations, and document analysis of lesson plans, worksheets, and assessment rubrics. A thematic analysis was conducted, with triangulation across data sources and member checking to support trustworthiness. Findings indicate that PjBL embedded mathematics in authentic, real‑world contexts and enhanced problem‑solving, critical thinking, and conceptual understanding. Non‑cognitive gains included stronger collaboration, communication, self‑regulation, and confidence. Topic‑specific projects such as designing simple structures for geometry and operating a “classroom restaurant” for fractions helped make abstract ideas tangible and engaging. Integration of educational technology (e.g., augmented‑reality applications and interactive simulations) further supported visualization and participation. Differentiated instruction and scaffolding enabled students with diverse learning needs to contribute meaningfully. Key challenges concerned time management, equitable participation, resource constraints, and designing assessments that capture both process and product. The study recommends targeted professional development, interdisciplinary project design, and alignment with sustainability education principles to strengthen PjBL integration. Overall, the findings suggest that PjBL is a feasible and promising approach for primary mathematics in Indonesia, advancing academic outcomes alongside essential twenty‑first‑century competencies