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This study aims to analyze the influence of Word of Mouth, price, and product quality on consumer purchasing decisions at Kopi Studio 24 in Malang City, both simultaneously and partially, and to identify the most dominant variables. The approach used in this study is quantitative with the explanatory research method. The population in this study were all customers of Kopi Studio 24, with the sampling technique using purposive sampling. The number of respondents in this study was 100 people. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to customers who had made purchases at Kopi Studio 24. The questionnaire instrument was compiled based on the indicators of each research variable and tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS software version 25. The results of the study showed that the variables Word of Mouth, price, and product quality simultaneously had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. Partially, the three variables also had a positive and significant effect. Among the three, Word of Mouth was the variable that had the most dominant influence on consumer purchasing decisions. This shows that word of mouth, whether through personal experience, friend recommendations, or reviews on social media, plays an important role in encouraging consumers to purchase products at Kopi Studio 24. This finding implies that Kopi Studio 24 managers need to strengthen their Word of Mouth-based marketing strategy and maintain product quality and set competitive prices to increase consumer purchasing decisions.  

This study aims to analyze the influence of the lifestyle of credit relationship managers (RMs) and the potential for fraud on the occurrence of non-performing loans in the banking sector. Relationship managers are the spearheads of credit distribution, interacting directly with customers, so their behavior, lifestyle, and integrity have a significant impact on the quality of a bank's credit portfolio. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a systematic literature review approach, reviewing various recent studies related to bank employee lifestyles, factors driving fraud, and their correlation with non-performing loans. The results indicate that a consumptive lifestyle disproportionate to income can increase the risk of fraudulent behavior, such as manipulation of credit analysis or collusion with customers, which ultimately results in an increase in non-performing loans. Furthermore, weak internal control systems, pressure to achieve credit targets, and moral hazard exacerbate this risk. A lifestyle that prioritizes social symbols and self-image can also encourage employees to engage in deviant behavior to maintain this lifestyle. Several studies have shown that RMs trapped in a hedonistic lifestyle are more vulnerable to conflicts of interest and violations of professional ethics. Meanwhile, the potential for fraud in banking practices is also influenced by employees' weak personal financial literacy, as well as limited training in risk management and ongoing work ethics. In an organizational context, a work culture oriented toward achieving targets without regard for the quality of credit analysis has the potential to create a work climate that is permissive of irregularities. This study recommends strengthening a culture of integrity through the establishment of a firm code of ethics, technology-based supervision (such as an AI-based fraud detection system), and regular training on a healthy financial lifestyle and risk management for RMs.

In promoting a cultural arts performance, the success of an event is determined not only by the quality of the performance itself but also by the effectiveness of the marketing communication strategy implemented. In today’s digital era, organizers of cultural art performances face increasingly complex challenges, including shifts in audience media consumption behavior, rapid developments in communication technology, and the need to build sustained digital engagement between organizers and stakeholders.This study adopts the Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) theory to examine the marketing communication strategies implemented by the Department of Culture and Tourism of Surakarta City in promoting the Solo International Performing Arts (SIPA) event in 2024. The research methodology includes in-depth interviews with organizers and document analysis of promotional materials and publication activities.The findings indicate that the department applied eight elements of integrated marketing communication: advertising, sales promotion, events and experiences, public relations and publicity, direct marketing, interactive marketing, mobile marketing, and personal selling. Each element was carried out synergistically to build awareness, attract public interest, and shape a positive image of the SIPA event in society.The implemented strategy has successfully reached a broader audience through digital channels such as social media and official websites, as well as through direct approaches like local media publications and collaboration with art communities. However, challenges remain in delivering more innovative and creative promotional content to enhance the event’s appeal. These findings offer important implications for cultural event managers, emphasizing the need for structured, consistent, and audience-relevant promotional strategies in the digital era. A well-integrated marketing communication approach not only strengthens public engagement but also reinforces the identity and sustainability of cultural events like SIPA on both local and international levels.

Profitability is one of the key indicators in assessing a company's ability to generate profits and plays a crucial role in financial decision-making. According to the pecking order theory, companies with high profitability tend to prefer using internal funds and reduce reliance on debt. This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability on debt policy, as well as to examine the role of dividend policy as a moderating variable in this relationship. The study employed Slovin’s formula for sample selection and analyzed 263 non-financial publicly listed companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2023. The data used in this research were secondary data obtained from annual financial reports published on the official website of the IDX or the respective company websites. Profitability was measured using return on assets (ROA), debt policy was measured by the debt-to-equity ratio (DER), and dividend policy was measured by the dividend payout ratio (DPR). The analytical method used in this study was multiple linear regression analysis with the help of the SPSS software. The results indicate that profitability has a negative effect on debt policy, meaning that the more profitable a company is, the less likely it is to depend on debt financing. Additionally, the findings suggest that dividend policy does not significantly moderate the relationship between profitability and debt policy. This implies that whether a company distributes dividends or not does not meaningfully influence how profitability affects its debt decisions. These results are in line with the pecking order theory and provide insight for corporate financial managers in planning funding structures. It also emphasizes the importance of internally generated funds for companies with strong earnings performance.

This study aims to analyze the influence of intrinsic motivation and transformational leadership on organizational commitment. In addition, this study also aims to analyze the influence of the mediating variable of organizational commitment on the relationship between intrinsic motivation and transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior. The population used was all Assistant Managers of Goods at the Education and Culture Office of Demak Regency, Jl. Sultan Trenggono No. 89, Demak, totaling 478 employees. The sample taken was 118 employees. The types of data used were primary and secondary data. The data collection method used was a questionnaire. The analysis technique used was Path Analysis. The results of the study showed that: 1). Intrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment. 2). Transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment. 3). Organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. 4). Intrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. 5). Transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. 6). Intrinsic motivation has an effect on organizational citizenship behavior with organizational commitment as an intervening variable. 7). Transformational leadership influences organizational citizenship behavior with organizational commitment as an intervening variable.

Earnings management is a form of deviation in the process of preparing financial statements, namely affecting the level of profit displayed in the financial statements. This study aims to identify and analyze the factors that influence earnings management, namely Solvency, Corporate Social Responsibility , Profitability, and Company Size based on the findings of previous studies . The method used is the Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Data collection related to similar research was obtained from 50 journals from the Google Scholar database with a publication year range of 2023-2025. The results of this study indicate that the factors that have a significant effect on earnings management, namely Solvency, have an effect on earnings management. The greater the level of this solvency ratio , the greater the opportunity for managers to carry out earnings management so that the company can more easily obtain funds from creditors. Corporate Social Responsibility influence on earnings management. Improving sustainability performance through CSR by companies can encourage management to take higher earnings manipulation actions. Profitability influences earnings management. When the higher the profits earned by the company, the higher the Earnings Management practices carried out by the managers. Company ​size influences earnings management. The larger the size of a company, the smaller the opportunity to carry out earnings management.

The effectiveness of accounting information systems (AIS) plays a crucial role in sup-porting the smooth recording, processing, and reporting of reliable and timely finan-cial information. AIS effectiveness is a key concern for cooperative managers in en-hancing operational efficiency and decision-making quality. This study aims to empiri-cally examine how work experience, educational background, and managerial support influence the effectiveness of AIS implementation. The research was conducted at savings and loan cooperatives operating in the South Kuta District. The sampling method used was non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling technique, and data were collected from 54 cooperative employees. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to process the data. The results indicate that work experience, education level, and managerial support have a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of AIS implementation. These findings suggest that the higher the em-ployees’ work experience and education, and the stronger the support from manage-ment, the more effective the AIS implementation within the cooperative environ-ment.

Hospital Information Sistems (HIS) integrating Decision Support Sistem (DSS) modules have been proposed to enhance operational efficiency and clinical decision-making in hospital settings. This study conducted a systematic literature review of 80 empirical articles published between January 2020 and May 2025, following PRISMA guidelines, to examine how DSS integration within HIS supports managerial and clinical decisions. Findings indicate that DSS integration improves patient registration speed by an average of 25, reduces medication errors by up to 15, and facilitates resource allocation and performance monitoring via analytic dashboards. Organizational resistance and inadequate IT infrastructure remain significant barriers. These results underscore the importance of designing user-friendly dashboards, implementing transparent inference engines, and adopting comprehensive change management strategies. The study extends the Technology Acceptance Model with a perceived risk construct and offers practical recommendations for developers and hospital managers aiming to optimize HIS–DSS implementation.

This study aims to analyze the influence of work discipline, incentives, and work motivation on employee performance at PT Citra Mandiri Distribusindo. The background of this research is based on issues such as low employee discipline, unequal incentive distribution, and lack of motivation, which lead to fluctuating employee performance. The research used a descriptive quantitative method with a survey approach, employing questionnaires distributed to all employees except Directors, General Managers, and HRD, with a total of 109 respondents. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression to examine the influence of each variable. The results showed that partially and simultaneously, work discipline, incentives, and work motivation significantly influence employee performance. The implication of this research is that the company must enhance employee discipline, clarify the incentive system, and foster motivation through effective communication and recognition to achieve optimal employee performance.

This study aims to analyze the influence of environmental quality and sustainability on visit intention at the Mangrove Wonorejo tourism site in Surabaya, with tourist recommendation as a mediating variable. The background of this research is based on the high tourism potential of mangrove areas in coastal Surabaya, which still faces challenges in maintaining environmental quality and consistently applying sustainability principles. This research employs a quantitative approach using a survey method. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents who had visited Mangrove Wonorejo, and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that both environmental quality and sustainability have a significant influence on visit intention. Additionally, these two variables also significantly affect tourist recommendations. Tourist recommendation is proven to significantly mediate the relationship between environmental quality and sustainability toward visit intention. These findings indicate that positive visitor experiences encourage tourists to recommend the destination to others, which in turn strengthens the intention to revisit. This research offers theoretical contributions to sustainable tourism marketing and practical recommendations for ecotourism managers to integrate conservation strategies with experience-based promotion.

The Enterprise University Website is an academic platform for internship students and employees at PT Petrokimia Gresik. This study aims to measure user satisfaction with the Enterprise University website and identify priority improvements using the e-Servqual and IPA methods. The e-Servqual method is applied through seven dimensions: Efficiency, System Availability, Fulfillment, Privacy, Responsiveness, Compensation, and Contact. Based on these, service indicators that should be the main focus for improvement are determined using the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) method. This research is a quantitative study. The sample consists of 49 Merdeka internship students at PT Petrokimia Gresik who are also users of the Enterprise University website. The results show that based on e-Servqual calculations, the overall average gap between user perceptions and expectations is (-0.61). This indicates that the service quality of the Enterprise University website is still lacking and does not provide user satisfaction. Furthermore, data analysis using the IPA method, as shown in the Cartesian diagram, reveals that the top improvement priorities lie in three indicators located in Quadrant I. The findings of this study can serve as a basis for strategic decision-making by platform managers to optimize services and enhance user satisfaction in the academic processes at PT Petrokimia Gresik.

Community service activities to enhance the organizational capacity of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in supporting local economic development through business management and digital marketing training in Serang Village, Cikarang Selatan Subdistrict. The method used was a participatory approach with a descriptive qualitative approach, aimed at encouraging active involvement of BUMDes managers and village communities in every stage of the activity. Data collection techniques included field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation, with a focus on changes in BUMDes organizational capacity before and after the intervention. The results showed that BUMDes faced structural, technical, and institutional weaknesses, such as an unsystematic organizational structure, weak leadership, lack of business plans, and low adoption of digital technology. After the training, there was a significant improvement in organizational structure, strategic planning, financial accountability, and the use of digital platforms for marketing. The activity also succeeded in fostering a more participatory and innovative organizational culture and expanding strategic partnership networks. This transformation had a direct impact on improving the economic performance of BUMDes and community participation, making BUMDes a facilitator of inclusive local economic collaboration. These findings indicate that an integrated training approach is an effective strategic model for strengthening village economic institutions sustainably.

The People’s Palm Oil Replanting Program (PSR) is a national policy aimed at improving the productivity of smallholder plantations through the replanting of aging and unproductive oil palm trees. This study reviews the implementation of PSR in Indonesia by analyzing ten scholarly articles through a literature study approach. The findings indicate that program effectiveness is significantly influenced by technical support such as training, mentoring, the application of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP), and strategic partnerships for harvest absorption. However, implementation faces several challenges, including limited human resources, damaged equipment, inadequate funding, prolonged replanting periods, weak coordination among stakeholders, and lack of policy dissemination. Local institutions such as cooperatives (KUD) and farmer groups (Gapoktan) play crucial roles in ensuring program sustainability and inclusiveness by acting as managers and conflict mediators. Although farmers are generally ready and actively participate, regulatory constraints—particularly the requirement of financial guarantors—remain a barrier. The study recommends strengthening local institutional capacity, enhancing stakeholder synergy, and simplifying financial schemes as strategic steps to improve the long-term effectiveness of the PSR program.

This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach through field studies to explore in depth the implementation of product innovation in Qardh Hasan contracts in the form of business capital loans at Islamic financial institutions. The aim of this study is to understand how Qardh Hasan products function not only as interest-free financing solutions but also as tools for empowering micro and small enterprises. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with institution managers, field officers, and beneficiary customers, as well as through documentation and direct observation of the loan distribution process. The findings reveal that innovations in managing Qardh Hasan products—such as community-based approaches, business mentoring, and entrepreneurship training—can enhance the effectiveness of fund utilization and strengthen the sustainability of micro-businesses. The use of data triangulation confirms that the success of this product largely depends on transparency, social proximity, and the institution’s commitment to upholding Sharia values. This study provides a valuable contribution to the development of socially based Sharia financing models for fostering economic self-reliance within communities.

Organizations have faced numerous challenges in their pursuit of expanding creativity due to the current market realities, necessitating the adoption of new mechanisms to address competition in contemporary markets. Knowledge is considered a key element in enhancing an organization's ability to succeed and excel, particularly through differentiation and sustaining competitive advantages. This research focuses on examining the role of knowledge in service differentiation strategies in service organizations in Baghdad. The study identifies the knowledge requirements and their impact on building these strategies. The research employed a descriptive-analytical approach, distributing a questionnaire to 115 managers in various service organizations in Baghdad, with 104 valid responses being retrieved for analysis using the SPSS software. The results revealed a significant correlation and impact between marketing knowledge and its various dimensions (such as employees, environment, suppliers, and processes) and the service differentiation strategy. The results revealed a significant impact of knowledge on the service differentiation strategy in the studied institutions. It was found that knowledge explains 42.1% of the variation in the differentiation strategy, with each increase in knowledge leading to an increase in differentiation. Additionally, the results highlighted a significant impact of knowledge in various areas, such as employee knowledge (which explains 26% of the variation), environmental knowledge (which explains 23.3%), provider knowledge (which explains 16%), and process knowledge (which explains 31.3%). These factors collectively demonstrated that increasing knowledge in each area contributes to the enhancement of the service differentiation strategy, thus confirming the hypothesis of the study that a significant relationship exists between knowledge and differentiation strategy.

The phenomenon of the shifting role of wives in meeting family needs shows a change from the past, where in the past the wife was only tasked with taking care of housework and children, but along with the times, wives also take on the main role as breadwinners. This study uses a qualitative approach method to explore the role of wives as the main breadwinners in the family. The results of the study reveal that wives have an important role not only as economic supporters, but also as household managers. There are two main factors that encourage wives to take on this role, namely the husband's inability to meet family needs and the influence of an increasingly open social environment providing many employment opportunities for women. This study also emphasizes the importance of support from husbands and families so that wives can carry out dual roles well. The success of wives in carrying out both roles is highly dependent on the support available, including cooperation in the division of household tasks.

The purpose of the study was to determine the Deming quality assurance system model and its application in education. This study uses a library research type. Literature research as a research conducted by reviewing various journals and related reference books. The results of the study indicate that the quality assurance system model according to Deming emphasizes the importance of customer satisfaction and continuous improvement through 14 famous points. Deming also stated that the majority of production failures are caused by managers, so improving the quality of managers is the key to improving overall quality. The PDCA ( Plan, Do, Check, Action ) management function developed by Deming is the basis for managing continuous quality improvement and is the basis for the development of Total Quality Management (TQM).

Inclusive village development is a strategic priority in realizing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with Village-Owned Enterprises ( BUMDes ) as the driving force of the local economy. However, the participation of vulnerable groups—such as people with disabilities , the elderly, women, and the poor—is still limited in BUMDes services . This study aims to evaluate the quality of BUMDes services in Daha Utara District through the SERVQUAL (Service Quality) approach which includes five dimensions: tangibles , reliability , responsiveness , assurance , and empathy . The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach . Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with three categories of participants: BUMDes managers , vulnerable groups, and community leaders. The results of the study indicate that physical facilities ( tangibles ) are not inclusive, service reliability is disrupted by limited human resources, and the assurance dimension has not been supported by ongoing training. Meanwhile, the responsiveness and empathy dimensions are relatively good interpersonally , but are not yet structured institutionally. The main obstacles identified are the lack of budget, lack of training, and the absence of a formal complaint mechanism. On the other hand, moral support from village managers and figures is a supporting factor for service transformation. This study concludes that improving the quality of inclusive services requires a transformative and participatory approach , including adaptive digitalization and active involvement of vulnerable groups in planning. These findings are expected to be the basis for making fairer and more responsive village development policies.

Inclusive empowerment is a village development approach that emphasizes the active involvement of vulnerable groups—such as women, the elderly, people with disabilities , and the poor—in all stages of planning through to evaluation. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Village-Owned Enterprises ( BUMDes ) program in Daha Utara District, South Kalimantan, in ensuring participation and accessibility for these groups. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through interviews with BUMDes managers and representatives of vulnerable groups. The evaluation was conducted based on William N. Dunn's six policy indicators: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, fairness, responsiveness , and accuracy. The results show that the BUMDes program has had a limited positive impact on increasing the income of vulnerable groups, but their involvement is still limited, both in terms of participation and physical access. The main challenges include the lack of disability- friendly infrastructure , minimal capacity training, and community resistance due to low program transparency. On the other hand, local cultural support such as mutual cooperation, involvement of traditional leaders, and partnerships with the village government are important supporting factors. This study recommends increasing human resource capacity, strengthening inclusive infrastructure, socialization based on local wisdom, and adaptive digitalization to expand access. With strategic intervention, BUMDes is expected to be able to transform into a driving force for fair, participatory and sustainable village development.

This study aims to examine the management of traditional fruit plantations, particularly sapodilla (sawo), as a primary source of income for the local community in Nagari Sumpur Village, Batipuh Selatan District, Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra. Nagari Sumpur is known as one of the largest sapodilla production centers in the province, contributing approximately 30% to the total sapodilla output of West Sumatra. Plantation management is carried out traditionally yet effectively, through a fair profit-sharing system and a quality-based marketing strategy that reflects local wisdom. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques including documentation studies, literature reviews, and in-depth interviews with residents and plantation managers. The findings reveal that the sapodilla plantation management model in Nagari Sumpur plays a vital role in local economic resilience and serves as a potential example of empowerment practices based on local resources. Based on observations and analysis, it can be concluded that sapodilla plantation management in Nagari Sumpur is conducted traditionally yet effectively, with an equitable profit-sharing system, structured market segmentation based on product quality, and optimal use of the village’s geographical potential. These plantations not only serve as the main source of livelihood but also contribute significantly to both local and regional economies.