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This study aims to evaluate the financial performance of four cement companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2013 period. To achieve this, a descriptive quantitative approach was employed, utilizing purposive sampling. Data for the study was gathered from annual financial reports, which were publicly accessible through the official websites of the IDX and the individual companies. The analysis was carried out using the Du Pont System, a method that decomposes return on equity (ROE) into its components to assess the financial performance of the companies. The results of the analysis reveal that PT Inisial A exhibited the strongest financial performance among the four companies, demonstrating superior efficiency, profitability, and leverage. Following PT Inisial A, PT Inisial X performed moderately well, showing stable financial health but with some room for improvement in certain areas. On the other hand, PT Inisial Y and PT Inisial Z displayed the weakest performance, with PT Inisial Z facing significant challenges in maintaining profitability and managing its assets efficiently. This study’s findings provide valuable insights for investors, as it highlights the financial strengths and weaknesses of the companies involved, assisting them in making more informed investment decisions. Additionally, the results can serve as a reference for other companies within the cement industry, allowing them to identify areas for improvement and potential strategies for enhancing their financial performance. Furthermore, the research may contribute to future academic studies on corporate financial performance, particularly in the context of the cement industry in Indonesia. Overall, this research is expected to benefit both practitioners and academics by providing a comprehensive analysis of the financial status of the companies in question.

Diabetes is a chronic disease that makes the body lose its ability to produce insulin or begin to use it less efficiently leading to high blood sugar. Without proper treatment, over time, this disease can lead to more serious health problems such as heart disease, vision loss, and kidney disease. Early detection and prevention are crucial in mitigating these risks. This study focuses on conducting an early screening for diabetes among high school students at SMA Negeri 1 Palu. Additionally, this activity aims to educate students at SMA Negeri 1 Palu on the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle by managing their sugar intake according to daily caloric needs. The program utilized an interactive educational approach, incorporating demonstration tools and discussions to enhance engagement and understanding. A total of 68 students participated in this initiative which was evaluated through a final assessment measuring knowledge improvement and awareness of diabetes prevention.

Industrial waste management is a crucial aspect of maintaining environmental sustainability and the health of communities around industrial areas. This study aims to empower the community through education on industrial waste management at Jordan Bakery Factory in Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi. The methods used were participatory observation and interviews with the waste management staff at the factory. The results of the community service show that the factory has implemented a good system for managing liquid and solid waste, including a liquid waste filtration process and economic utilization of solid waste. In addition, the service team also prepared educational materials in the form of pamphlets containing information about types of waste, proper management methods, and the environmental impact of waste. This education is expected to increase awareness and participation among the community and factory workers in responsible waste management. This study contributes positively to environmentally friendly and sustainable industrial waste management in the Kendari area

The digital era has brought significant transformation in the financial sector, including the money market and capital market in Indonesia. Innovation in financial technology (fintech), digitalization of services, and increasing volume of online transactions require adaptive and responsive supervision from the authority institution. This study aims to analyze the role of the Financial Services Authority (OJK) in regulating, supervising, and developing the money market and capital market amidst the development of digital technology. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive-analytical approach through literature studies and secondary data from official OJK reports and related regulations. The results of the study show that OJK plays a central role in maintaining the stability and integrity of the financial market through strengthening digital regulations, technology-based supervision (suptech), and investor protection. In addition, OJK also encourages digital financial inclusion and literacy to create a healthy and sustainable market ecosystem. These findings emphasize the importance of policy adaptation and strengthening OJK's institutional capacity in facing challenges and opportunities in the digital era.

Early childhood health is an important aspect that must be maintained consistently, especially in preventing the spread of infectious diseases. One simple but effective way to maintain health is through the habit of washing hands with soap (CTPS) properly. This Community Service (PKM) activity aims to provide education and familiarize children with the correct CTPS behavior at Darma Wanita Persatuan Sidodadi Kindergarten, Taman District, Sidoarjo Regency. The methods used in this activity include interactive counseling, explanation of how to wash hands properly based on WHO steps, and direct practice involving children and teachers. The results of the activity showed an increase in children's understanding of the importance of washing hands and skills in doing CTPS properly. It is hoped that this habit can be continued by the school and parents as part of preventive efforts in maintaining children's health.

The high risk of zoonotic disease transmission in cattle farming environments necessitates effective education to enhance workers' understanding and hygienic behaviors. This study aims to improve workers' awareness and hygienic practices in preventing zoonotic diseases through an outreach program at Manonjaya Farm. The method used is a case study with a qualitative approach, involving semi-structured interviews and direct observation. The educational activities were conducted interactively using posters, lectures, and demonstrations of the six-step Handwashing with Soap (CTPS) technique. The results indicate an increase in workers' understanding of zoonotic risks, particularly bovine tuberculosis, as well as the importance of maintaining barn cleanliness, regular vaccinations, and the use of personal protective equipment. Furthermore, the CTPS practice successfully enhanced workers’ skills and consistency in implementing hygienic behaviors. Supporting strategies such as the installation of educational posters, distribution of vaccination logbooks, and provision of handwashing soap contributed to the sustainability of behavioral changes. These findings affirm the effectiveness of interactive lectures and demonstrations in improving knowledge and preventive measures against zoonotic diseases within farming communities, aligning with the One Health approach.

This meta-analysis evaluates the cost-effectiveness of mental health interventions implemented in conflict-affected regions of the Middle East between 2010 and 2023, compiling data from 47 programs across eight countries. Statistical analysis reveals substantial variation in program effectiveness levels (Cohen's d = 0.78, 95% CI [0.65, 0.91], p < 0.001), with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) demonstrating the highest cost-effectiveness ratio, registering an ICER of $2,340 per QALY gained. Multilevel regression findings indicate that community-based intervention approaches consistently prove more cost-efficient than those conducted in clinical settings (β = 0.67, p < 0.001), yielding an average savings of 43% per participant. Remote teletherapy programs exhibit significant potential, particularly in regions with limited access to services, with an ROI reaching 1.89 (95% CI [1.65, 2.13]). The economic burden analysis estimates that untreated mental health conditions incur an average annual cost of $4,623 per individual, whereas intervention expenses amount to approximately $1,876 per patient per year, resulting in a benefit-cost ratio of 2.47. This study expands upon prior research by Tol et al. (2011) and McBain et al. (2016), which were limited to clinical outcomes without addressing the economic dimension. In contrast to the study by Reed et al. (1994), which explored general health economics within conflict zones, this research specifically quantifies the cost-effectiveness of mental health interventions in Middle Eastern conflict areas. It reveals that cultural adaptation within intervention programs can enhance return on investment by up to 31%. Finally, this review uniquely demonstrates that community-based mental health programs integrated within conflict zones can meet the cost-effectiveness thresholds recommended by WHO-CHOICE while maintaining a high level of clinical efficacy.

This study uses a qualitative method to analyze the dynamics of the business environment within the context of the digital economy, specifically focusing on the impact of platformization on industry competition. Rapid digital technological developments have given rise to various digital platforms that disrupt conventional business models and reshape market structures across multiple sectors. Platforms such as marketplaces, ride-sharing services, and fintech companies have become dominant actors influencing competitive patterns, value distribution, and relationships between large and small enterprises. This research aims to understand how digital platforms affect industry competition through vertical integration, network effects, and data control. The findings reveal that platformization enhances transaction efficiency and market access but also creates imbalances in market power, digital monopolies, and dependency on algorithms. In this context, government regulation and business adaptation strategies are essential to maintaining competitive balance and ensuring the sustainability of the digital ecosystem. The study recommends the adoption of adaptive regulatory approaches and multi-sector collaboration to foster healthy competition in the digital era.    

Personal hygiene during menstruation is important to determine the health of reproductive organs in adolescent girls to avoid infection. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics, 2023, the number of adolescent girls in Indonesia in the early adolescent stage is more than 21 million. Errors in maintaining personal hygiene during menstruation can increase the risk of reproductive health disorders in adolescent girls. The purpose of this service is to increase the knowledge and awareness of adolescent girls about the importance of maintaining personal hygiene behavior during menstruation. The method used was an interactive lecture using an educational and participatory approach. The evaluation results showed a significant increase in knowledge scores from an average of 2.65 in the pre-test to 9.30 in the post-test (p<0.001). These results reflect that the lecture method with an educational and participatory approach used, as well as the leaflet media, is effective in increasing the understanding of adolescent female students about the importance of maintaining personal hygiene during menstruation., without any reference or formula.

Elderly individuals often experience physiological and health-related changes, including reduced muscle quality and decreased levels of physical activity. This decline negatively impacts overall health, increases the risk of chronic diseases, and diminishes the ability to perform daily activities. This study aimed to examine the relationship between vitamin D levels and physical activity in older adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Bina Bhakti Nursing Home involving 93 participants aged 60 years and above. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), while vitamin D levels were measured through venous blood sampling. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation. The average age of the participants was 74.34 years, with a mean vitamin D level of 23.73 ng/mL. Based on IPAQ results, 26.9% of participants had low physical activity, 44.1% moderate, and 29% high. Spearman correlation revealed a weak but statistically significant positive correlation between vitamin D levels and physical activity (r = 0.240, p = 0.021). These findings suggest that higher physical activity levels are associated with higher vitamin D concentrations. Engaging in outdoor activities that promote sun exposure and an active lifestyle contributes to maintaining adequate vitamin D levels, which are essential for muscle function, balance, and bone health. Therefore, ensuring sufficient vitamin D status is crucial for supporting optimal physical activity and enhancing the overall health and quality of life among the elderly.

Muscle strength is the ability of muscles to produce power for physical activity, important for mobility, balance and body function. Decreased muscle strength, especially due to aging, negatively impacts quality of life and increases the risk of diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Handgrip is a simple method for measuring muscle strength, especially hand grip strength. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between hand grip strength and blood insulin levels in the elderly. This study used a cross-sectional design at the Bina Bhakti Nursing Home with 93 participants aged 60 years and over. Hand grip strength was measured using a dynamometer, and blood insulin levels were measured from venous blood samples. Data were analyzed using Spearman correlation. The results showed an average right hand grip strength of 10.23 kg and left hand 9.33 kg, with an average blood insulin level of 4.83 µU/mL. A significant positive correlation was found between right and left hand grip strength (rho = 0.884, p < 0.001), as well as between right (rho = 0.218, p = 0.036) and left hand grip strength (rho = 0.290, p = 0.005) and insulin levels. blood. These results indicate that hand grip strength can be an indicator of metabolic health in the elderly. Interventions such as strength training and proper nutrition are important for maintaining muscle strength and metabolic health in the elderly.

Purpose: This Community Service is to Increase Public Knowledge and Provide an understanding to the public about the importance of body balance as one of the pillars of optimal physical health. As well as Encouraging Healthy Living Behavior and Educating the public about ways to maintain and train body balance through appropriate and safe physical activities. And Prevention of Injury Risk Reducing the risk of falls and injuries, especially in vulnerable groups such as the elderly, by increasing awareness and ability to maintain posture and body stability. As well as Improving the Quality of Life of the community Helping to achieve a better quality of life through effective and independent management of body functions. The sample consisted of 30 people and was selected based on a random sampling technique using the available questionnaire. The sample was measured using the Sitting Balance measurement to assess its Balance Level. Method: This Community Service is a pre-post test design. Of the 30 Respondents who obtained an N-Gain Score of 72.5, it showed that the method applied by the researcher in this activity was effective. In addition, the distribution of the N-Gain Score with a value of 0.9 indicates that this strength or category is at a high level

The Elderly Posyandu plays a very important role in maintaining the health and quality of life of the elderly in the community. Family support plays a crucial role in encouraging the activity of the elderly to visit the elderly posyandu. The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between family support and elderly visits to the elderly posyandu in Environment 2, Pandu Village, Bunaken District, Manado City. The research uses a descriptive-analytical design with a cross-sectional method. The sample in this study consisted of 44 respondents using purposive sampling technique. Data collection on family support and posyandu visits was conducted using a questionnaire, and analyzed using the chi-square statistical test. The results of the study on family support showed that the most common type of family support was in the good category, with 26 respondents (59.1%), while the most frequent type of posyandu visits was in the active category, with 23 respondents (52.3%). The chi-square test result showed a p-value of 0.000, where < α 0.05. Conclusion there is The relationship between family support and elderly visits at the elderly posyandu in Environment 2, Pandu Village, Bunaken District, Manado City.

Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common reproductive health problems experienced by adolescent girls, significantly affecting daily activities and academic performance. Non-pharmacological approaches such as abdominal stretching offer a safe, simple, and cost-effective alternative for reducing menstrual pain. This community service activity was conducted at SMPN 8 Lubuklinggau from April 11 to 17, 2022, aiming to enhance students’ knowledge and skills in managing dysmenorrhea through abdominal stretching exercises. The program included education, demonstration, independent practice, and pre- and post-test evaluations. The results showed that most participants experienced a reduction in menstrual pain intensity and improved understanding of dysmenorrhea management. The intervention proved to be effective and feasible to be integrated into regular school health programs. Additionally, the activity empowered adolescents to take a more active role in maintaining their reproductive health. Further research is recommended to evaluate the effectiveness of abdominal stretching on a broader scale.

Using smartphones in interpersonal communication among adolescents is now commonplace. Many teenagers who follow the flow of communication media in technology choose smartphones as a more effective interpersonal communication medium. Compared to other forms of communication, interpersonal communication occurs personally, in face-to-face situations, and through media. Interpersonal communication is fundamental since it permits it to require place dialogic communication. Exchange may be a shape of interpersonal communication that appears in the event of interaction. Those included in this communication frame are double-functioning, each being the speaker and the audience, on the other hand. This report analyzes adolescents’ interpersonal communication culture in the smartphone-use era based on this statement. The method used is the phenomenological method. The conclusion of this study indicates that the current adolescent interpersonal communication culture is more influenced by digital technology than direct interaction. Therefore, efforts are needed to foster awareness of the importance of maintaining a healthy quality of interpersonal communication amid technological advances.

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the serious public health problems in Indonesia, including in Rada Mata Village. DHF prevention is highly dependent on community behavior, especially housewives, who play an important role in maintaining environmental cleanliness. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and attitude with maternal actions regarding DHF prevention in Rada Mata Village. Method: This study used an analytical study design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 100 mothers selected through purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that measured the level of knowledge, attitude, and DHF prevention actions. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and DHF prevention actions (p = 0.002), as well as between attitude and DHF prevention actions (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The level of knowledge and attitude of mothers is closely related to DHF prevention actions. Efforts are needed to improve education and health promotion for housewives to reduce the incidence of DHF in Rada Mata Village.    

Liver disease is an increasingly prevalent health problem among the productive-age population, primarily driven by unhealthy lifestyles, alcohol consumption, obesity, and the risk of hepatitis infection. Liver dysfunction often presents no specific symptoms in its early stages, making early detection challenging. The Community Service Program (PKM) conducted in Grogol Village aimed to raise public awareness about the importance of early liver function screening through SGOT and SGPT enzyme assessments. This activity included education on risk factors as well as on-site liver enzyme testing for participants. Among the 71 participants, 18 individuals (25.35%) had elevated SGOT levels, and 17 individuals (23.94%) showed SGPT levels exceeding normal limits. These findings highlight the importance of early liver function screening in preventing the progression to chronic liver diseases such as NAFLD or hepatitis, and in serving as an indicator of cardiometabolic risk. Therefore, routine liver enzyme testing can serve as a foundation for increasing public awareness about the importance of maintaining liver and metabolic health in a sustainable manner.

In the current digital era, technological advances have brought considerable changes, which can be seen in the way individuals gather information, interact, and play an active role in social life. The concept of citizenship is no longer limited to the physical world, but has expanded to the digital. In the digital sphere, everyone has rights and obligations, including maintaining communication ethics, protecting personal privacy and others, and taking part in more positive activities. As in the Islamic view, in the digital world, people must always participate and be based on sharia principles, such as honesty, responsibility, and respect for the rights of others. This study aims to examine the role of digital citizenship in the perspective of Islamic law, which uses a qualitative approach and normative analysis. The results of this study also show that there are several aspects that are influential in the digital era such as the importance of protecting personal data as part of the main objective of sharia, maintaining communication ethics by prioritizing the principles of politeness and honesty, and preventing the spread of hoax information. Islam also strongly emphasizes the importance of hate speech and bullying among virtual communities. In addition, freedom of expression in the digital sphere must be accompanied by moral responsibility to anticipate conflicts.With this understanding, Muslims are expected to contribute to creating a digital space that is safer, healthier, harmonious, and in accordance with sharia teachings

Things that is done by the company can be in the form of occupational safety and health training aimed at improving knowledge , skills , attitudes that are physically designed according to the work needs of each employees . In addition , protective equipment is also called Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) which is equipment used by all employees without exception to protect themselves from potential workplace accidents . There are several elements that can support occupational safety , namely elements of occupational safety and security such as awareness in maintaining occupational safety and health , being thorough , implementing work procedures by pay attention to occupational safety and health . Good occupational safety is an important dimensions of employee protection . This protection aiming for employees to safely carry out their daily work so that they can improve industrial productivity performance . PT. PLN (Persero) Unit PDKB KSKT is a State- Owned Enterprise (BUMN) whose purpose is in the field of distributing electrical energy PT. PLN (Persero) serves the electricity needs of the community such as submitting applications for electricity installations , submission applications for increasing voltage or adding power , checking PLN electricity bills , paying electricity to complan

College students are in early adulthood, a critical developmental stage marked by physical, psychosocial, and cognitive changes that can significantly impact dietary behaviors, including fruit and vegetable consumption. Adequate intake of fruits and vegetables is essential for maintaining overall health and reducing the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, evidence indicates that fruit and vegetable intake among college students often falls below the levels recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). This study aimed to validate a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) for assessing total fruit and vegetable intake among college students in Surabaya City, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 30 active university students. The SQ-FFQ method produced higher intake estimates compared to the Estimated Food Record. A statistically significant and strong correlation was found between the two methods (p < 0.001, r > 0.7), indicating strong agreement. These findings support the SQ-FFQ as a valid tool for measuring total fruit and vegetable intake in this population.