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Background: Low Birth Weight Infants (LBW), defined as babies born weighing less than 2,500 grams, are one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality in Indonesia. The lack of postpartum mothers’ knowledge about LBW care contributes to the low survival rate of these infants. WHO data (2022) shows that 15% of babies worldwide are born with LBW, while in Indonesia, the figure reaches 7.1% (Ministry of Health RI, 2023). Objective: This activity aims to enhance postpartum mothers' capacity in caring for LBW infants through structured and practice-based health education. Methods: The community service was conducted on May 7, 2025, at RSUD Padjonga Dg Ngalle, Takalar. The method included a pre-test, delivery of educational material, practical sessions, and a post-test. Thirty postpartum mothers participated under the guidance of lecturers and health professionals. Evaluation focused on participants' knowledge, practical skills, and behavioral changes.Results: The results showed a significant increase in participants’ knowledge (from 26.7% to 83.3% answering more than 80% of the post-test questions correctly). Around 90% of participants were able to correctly perform kangaroo mother care techniques. Moreover, 85% of participants reported increased confidence in caring for their LBW babies at home after the session. Conclusion: This health education activity was effective in improving the knowledge, skills, and confidence of postpartum mothers in caring for LBW infants. The program supports efforts to reduce neonatal mortality and empowers mothers as the primary caregivers in home-based neonatal care.

Listening ability is one of the basic language skills that is important in supporting the learning process of students in elementary schools. However, in practice, students still have difficulty in capturing information from listening materials, especially when learning is carried out conventionally without the support of interesting media. This study aims to analyze the ability to listen to information from audio media in grade VI elementary school students with a qualitative approach using the case study method. The steps of the case study method are determining the focus of the study, literature, determining the case, data processing, data analysis, negotiating the results of the study, and conclusions. The subjects of the study consisted of five students who were analyzed based on their answers to five thematic audio media-based listening questions. The results of the study showed that students were able to understand the contents of the story, recognize characters and traits, and capture moral messages from the listening materials. However, there were still shortcomings in the aspect of regularity in reorganizing information and in-depth understanding of the character of the character. The novelty of this study lies in the analytical approach based on mapping student difficulties and the use of audio media that is relevant to everyday life, which has been proven to increase students' imagination and involvement in listening activities. This study recommends the use of audio media in a varied and contextual way in learning Indonesian in elementary schools.    

The ability to understand denotative and connotative meanings is important in supporting the development of students' literacy and critical thinking skills in elementary schools. However, in practice, students still have difficulty in distinguishing the two types of meanings, especially in the context of connotative sentences that are figurative and require contextual interpretation. This study aims to analyze the ability of sixth grade elementary school students to identify and understand denotative and connotative meanings through various forms of questions, namely multiple choice, fill-in-the-blank, and descriptive, with a qualitative approach using the case study method. The steps of the case study include determining the focus of the study, literature review, case selection, data collection, data processing, data analysis, negotiation of results, and conclusions. The subjects of the study consisted of five sixth grade elementary school students who were analyzed based on their answers to the instruments that had been prepared. The results of the study showed that students had a good basic understanding of denotative and connotative meanings in explicit form. However, they still had difficulty in interpreting connotative meanings contextually and figuratively. The novelty of this study lies in the use of a contextual learning approach that is relevant to students' social and cultural lives, which has been proven to improve students' ability to understand meaning reflectively and critically.  

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Drops app in improving Japanese vocabulary acquisition among beginners. Based on the theory of cognitivism, the study used a descriptive qualitative method with a sample of 21 subjects who answered 11 questions through a Google Form survey. Results showed that the use of Drops significantly increased the average vocabulary score by 43 % (from 28.5 to 40.7), which was influenced by the integration of gamification features and spaced repetition mechanism in the application. The majority of respondents (76 %) reported high satisfaction with ease of use, learning motivation, and effectiveness of visual illustrations, consistent with previous research on audiovisual and gamification-based mobile apps. However, about 24 % of respondents recorded medium to low scores on motivational aspects and interface appearance, indicating the need for UX/UI enhancements to expand adoption. Demographic statistics revealed the average age of respondents to be 18.38 years (Q1=17; median=18; Q3=20), confirming that teenagers and pre-adults are the main group of Drops users. The findings provide recommendations for both language education practitioners and app developers to optimize design and features to maximize vocabulary learning effectiveness.

Islamic Religious Education and Character Education learning has an important role in shaping students' character and morals. However, the low level of student learning activity is still a challenge in the learning process. This is caused by the use of conventional learning methods that are less interesting and interactive, so that students tend to be passive. As an alternative, digital media such as Quizizz media offers a more innovative and enjoyable learning approach to increase student active participation. This study aims to describe how the use of Quizizz media can (1) increase student learning activity in group discussions, (2) increase learning activity in daring to ask questions, and (3) increase student participation in answering questions in Islamic religious education learning in class VIII of SMP Negeri 1 Jenangan Ponorogo. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with interview, observation, and documentation techniques. Data were analyzed using the Milles and Huberman techniques, namely data collection, reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the use of Quizizz media (1) increases student activity in group discussions with an interactive and fun atmosphere, (2) encourages students to be more confident in asking questions with direct feedback that helps them understand the material, (3) can increase students' responses in answering questions, train focus, speed of thinking and understanding through a scoring system and time limits.

Christian Religious Education (PAK) plays an important role in the formation of character and spirituality of students. This study aims to analyze human resource management (HR) in improving the effectiveness of the role of teachers and education personnel in the PAK environment. The approach used is a literature study, by analyzing literature, journals, and related references. The findings show that teachers are not only teachers, but also role models of Christian values. Continuous training, collaboration between teachers, cooperation with parents, and the availability of quality educational facilities are important factors in strengthening student character. A holistic management approach has been proven to be able to integrate cognitive, affective, and spiritual aspects. The implication is that adaptive and contextual HR management is needed so that PAK is able to answer the challenges of the times and form a generation with integrity.

Cosmetic use is increasing among residents of Bingkat Village, but many still lack awareness of safe usage practices. This issue is worsened by the circulation of illegal cosmetics and limited knowledge about harmful ingredients. The aim of this activity was to educate the community on proper ways to obtain, use, store, and dispose of cosmetics. The method involved direct counseling and training at the village hall by lecturers and students of STIKes Indah Medan using a participatory approach. The program began with a presentation, followed by a question-and-answer session and practical training to recognize safe products. The results showed improved community understanding, as reflected in participants’ enthusiasm during discussions and their ability to distinguish between safe and risky cosmetic products. The program also provided students with valuable field experience in health education. In conclusion, educating the public about safe cosmetics contributes to increased awareness and encourages responsible cosmetic use to support skin health.

The First 1000 Days of Life (HPK) period is a crucial time that greatly influences a child's physical and cognitive development. During this period, fulfilling nutritional needs, especially through exclusive breastfeeding and appropriate complementary feeding, is very important. This community service activity aims to improve mothers' understanding of the importance of exclusive breastfeeding for mothers and babies. This community service activity was carried out by providing education to 12 breastfeeding mothers at the Sinar Kasih Integrated Health Post, Allang Asaude Village, Waesala Health Center area, Huamual District, West Seram Regency, through the distribution of leaflets and interactive question and answer sessions. The results showed that this activity succeeded in improving the understanding of the counseling participants about the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding for babies and mothers. This education is expected to encourage better exclusive breastfeeding practices, which will have a positive impact on children's health in the future.

This paper aims to overcome the problem of manual financial recording that is still commonly used by MSMEs, which often causes data loss and inefficiency in financial management. To answer this challenge, researchers developed a mobile-based financial recording application using Flutter and a number of available supporting packages. This application is designed to be able to record and store income and expenditure data directly on the user's mobile device, making it easier for MSMEs to monitor their financial condition in real time. The development was carried out using a waterfall model approach, which includes the stages of analysis, design, implementation, and testing. To test the functional performance of the application, the Black Box testing method is used to assess the accuracy and reliability of the features without looking at the internal code structure. The test results show that all features can function as they should and the application is considered effective in supporting digital MSME financial recording.

This community service program aimed to enhance the theological competence of novice catechists and community guides at Santo Krisologus BSB Parish Semarang, focusing on understanding and articulating Catholic Fundamental Beliefs, particularly the Credo. Based on observations from January-August 2024, a gap was identified between high enthusiasm for service and the competency readiness of novice faith proclaimers. The program employed an integrative methodological approach combining interactive lectures, question-and-answer sessions, and participatory observation, accompanied by multi-stage evaluation. Results showed significant improvements in participants' doctrinal understanding and pedagogical abilities, reflected in the quality of theological discussions and the formation of sustainable learning communities. The main challenge identified was the complexity of articulating Trinitarian dogma in contemporary pastoral contexts. This program produced a replicable catechist formation model while affirming the importance of an integrative approach in faith proclaimer development.

This research is the result of quantitative research which aims to answer questions about the influence of Viral Marketing and online Customer Reviews on the buying interest of Shopee marketing consumers. The research method used is quantitative research and the sampling technique uses a purposive sampling method with a sample size of 98 respondents. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire with the help of a Google form which is processed using SPSS version 27 and the data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression. This research focuses on undergraduate students from the Faculty of Economics and Business, Jambi University as young, dynamic and technology-savvy consumers, who very often use the Shopee e-commerce application to purchase various products. So Shopee has become one of the largest e-commerce which is very popular in Indonesia. The results of this research show that Shopee Viral Marketing has a positive effect on buying interest. Then online Shopee Customer Reviews have a positive effect on buying interest. Furthermore, based on the results of simultaneous test statistical calculations, it shows that Shopee's Viral Marketing and Online Customer Reviews have a simultaneous influence on Shopee marketplace consumer buying interest among undergraduate students at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Jambi University. For the Shopee marketplace, it is recommended to increase Viral Marketing promotions and maintain online Customer Reviews on the Shopee marketplace which is already popular among the public. Apart from that, Shopee also needs to create the latest innovations in order to accommodate customer desires and expectations, in order to maintain competitiveness and product relevance in the market.

The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of the Odd Semester Final Summative Questions for the Automotive Basic Engineering Subject for Class X SMK TKM Pertambangan Kebumen using the Anates V4 Application. The exam question data, answer keys, and all students' answers were collected through data collection documentation techniques. Furthermore, using the Anates version 4.02 program, item analysis will be carried out to assess the validity, reliability, level of difficulty, discriminatory power, and effectiveness of distractors. This research method is quantitative descriptive research, the data analyzed is not used to accept or reject the hypothesis; instead, the results of the analysis show a description of the observed symptoms, which are represented by numbers or coefficients between variables. The results showed that 95% of the odd semester final summative questions for the Automotive Basic Engineering subject for Class X SMK TKM Pertambangan Kebumen using the Anates V4 Application had validity, with 5% being invalid. For reliability, the questions had a reliability coefficient of 0.78, which indicated that it had a high coefficient. Furthermore, based on the level of difficulty, 2% were included in the easy category; 40% were included in the moderate category; 55% are in the difficult category; and 3% are in the very difficult category. In terms of discrimination power, 25% are in the good category; 57% are in the sufficient category; and 18% are in the poor category. All distractors function well on 90% of the questions.

This article discusses the learning strategies applied in developing the moral character of students through the Equivalency Education Programme as a solution to the limitations of formal education. Using a qualitative approach based on field research, this article examines the role of tutors in conveying moral values through lectures, discussions, question and answer sessions, and recitations. Psychological and socio-cultural approaches are employed to enhance the effectiveness of these strategies, supplemented by the application of habit formation, modelling, advice, and disciplinary measures. Findings indicate that the success of moral education in non-formal education pathways is influenced by the alignment of strategies with students' conditions, teachers' readiness, and curriculum flexibility. This article emphasises that character education can still be optimised outside the formal education system through structured and contextual strategies.

The existence of various views on the Incarnation of Christ often causes confusion. Each view provides different arguments. Therefore, a biblical study is needed to provide answers based on biblical principles. The methodology applied is exegesis. Exegesis is a way to interpret the Bible by emphasizing different approaches in the analysis of the original languages of the Bible as the main foundation. In this way, a biblical truth is obtained that can answer the various views that exist. The term incarnation comes from the Latin incarnatio which is composed of in and carnis (in the flesh). This term comes from the Greek translation “σὰρξ sarx sarcosis. Literally, σὰρξ sarcosis means to become flesh. Flesh is literally the muscular part that covers the bones of the human body. Synecdically (a figure of speech that uses a part of something to represent the whole or vice versa, to create a rhetorical or creative effect), it means the physical body as a whole flesh, which is related to the scope of the human worldly situation or mortal nature, earthly descent, blood ties, ethnic groups, and races. In general, this term gives the impression of weakness, fragility, mortality, and participation in human nature. The term σὰρξ – sarx sarcosis is closely related to the opening of the Gospel of John which reveals the word that became flesh (John 1:14). The term flesh (Greek: σὰρξ sarx) in biblical terminology refers to humans with all their anthropological dimensions. In theological terminology, The incarnation is a historical fact that explains that the invisible God, who spoke His word to humans, now clearly appeared as a human being. Jesus Christ is the Word of God who became flesh (John 1:14)

Strengthening student literacy is one of the important aspects in improving the quality of education in Indonesia. Literacy is not only the ability to read and write, but also the ability to understand, analyze, and apply information. In this case, the role of teachers is also very much needed. The ability of teachers to manage and implement the learning process or the process of strengthening literacy is also very much needed. Therefore, it is necessary to have an understanding and mastery of various innovative approaches to improve students' literacy skills. This article aims to describe how teachers can apply various innovative approaches in order to improve student literacy at SMA N 6 Purworejo. The method of community service activities is carried out in the form of socialization, discussion and question and answer. The results of community service activities, various innovative approaches that can be applied by teachers, including, namely, innovating teacher involvement in reading activities before learning, involving technology in literacy learning, implementing project-based learning, and implementing collaborative approaches and thematic learning in the learning process.

The development of the industrial sector has experienced significant acceleration due to the support of advancing technology and creative innovations from various companies. These innovations result from the collective contributions of all levels within a company's structure. This situation has intensified industrial competition, encouraging companies to continuously innovate in producing products that meet societal needs. Companies capable of creating high-quality products relevant to market demands have a greater chance of surviving and excelling in competition. For instance, between December 2023 and January 2024, a telecommunications company successfully produced 150,077,945 physical vouchers, with an average daily production of 2,543,694 units. During the production process, physical vouchers must meet specific criteria to ensure their quality. Quality control focuses not only on reducing product defect rates but also prioritizes customer satisfaction and loyalty. Six Sigma is one of the methodologies used to increase production process quality by reducing process variance and minimizing the number of defects in products or services. To facilitate the implementation of Six Sigma, the 5W+1H method can serve as a supplementary approach for problem identification and resolution. This technique involves systematically collecting information by answering the questions: What, Where, Who, When, Why, and How.

Education is one of the basic needs in human life which can be said to be good if it is integrated with the needs and developments of the times. Information and communication technology has an important role in the world of education, especially in the learning process. One part of the learning process is evaluation activities. So far, conventional evaluation activities tend to be boring and not innovative. One of the things that can be done to overcome this problem is the development of innovative questions by utilizing information and communication technology (ICT). Therefore, the aim of this community service activity is to improve the ability of teachers in utilizing ICT at Madrasah AIiyah Negeri (MAN) Fakfak in making innovative question instruments using the Hot Potatoes application. This training activity uses lecture, discussion, question and answer and practice methods. Through this training, it is hoped that teachers will have the skills to create innovative question instruments using the Hot Potatoes application. This activity is also expected to improve teachers' abilities in the field of ICT in teaching. Apart from that, this activity is also expected to increase students' motivation in participating in learning evaluations due to innovation in the use of ICT in the learning evaluation process. The results of the questionnaire showed that the teachers were very enthusiastic about the activities carried out and helped them in developing a variety of innovative questions using the hot potatoes application with an average score of 89.78.

The aim of this study is to understand and explain the implementation process of ensemble learning of the same type in class VII.1 of SMP Negeri 43 Padang. This research falls into the category of qualitative research using descriptive methods. The researcher themselves serve as the main instrument in this study, supported by writing tools and a camera. Data is obtained through literature review, observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis process includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions from the data. At the planning stage, the teacher prepares learning tools according to the independent curriculum included in the teaching module. At the implementation stage of the same ensemble, the teacher uses lecture, question and answer, practice, and demonstration methods. The learning media used by the teacher includes the melodica and the score for the song "Kambanglah Bungo". At the assessment stage, the teacher conducts diagnostic and formative assessments. In the practical assessment of the melodica ensemble, many students experience difficulties, especially in reading the score, fingering techniques, and maintaining the tempo. Furthermore, the lack of enrichment and remedial measures during the assessment process impacts students' development, both for those who have not achieved competencies and those who have already understood them.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem resulting from a lack of nutritional intake over a long period, resulting in impaired growth in children. The cause of stunting is not only due to nutritional factors, namely not just a lack of food and health problems, but also due to parenting patterns. Good maternal knowledge of nutrition can prevent stunting in children. Community service activities were carried out in Bidok village, Ulim District, there were around 25 participants. This counseling lasted approximately 40 minutes, namely a presentation of the material and continued with a question and answer session with the counseling participants regarding Stunting. It is recommended to the public, especially mothers, to maintain nutritional intake during pregnancy, at birth and when children are before 2 years old to prevent stunting.

This research aims to see how Excellent service-based public services are implemented at UTD PMI Surabaya City as mandated by law No. 25 of 2009 concerning Public Services as well as the mandate and Regulation of the Minister of Health (PMK) of the Republic of Indonesia Number 83 of 2014 concerning Blood Transfusion Units, Banks Blood. and Blood Transfusion Services Network. The research design used qualitative methods and a descriptive approach was used (Sugiyono, 2017), to answer the research problem, a theoretical approach to the characteristics of excellent service was used (Wijaya, 2022). The research results showed that the theoretical dimensions existed, namely: appearance, politeness and friendliness, willingness to serve, knowledge and expertise, punctuality and promise, honesty and trust, efficiency, legal certainty, openness are all in accordance with existing theoretical indicators. Recommendations for UTD PMI Surabaya City must be additional human resources so that public services can be more optimal, especially for managing patient and non-patient visitor traffic, in the future.