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This study aims to analyze the influence of the work environment and job satisfaction on employee performance at PT Tirtakencana Tatawarna in Karawang. The study employed a qualitative approach with descriptive methods to gain an in-depth understanding of employee perceptions and experiences regarding their working conditions. Informants were selected using purposive sampling, with the criteria being employees who had worked for at least one year and were directly involved in the company's operational activities. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews supported by documentation studies. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, with data validity tested using source triangulation. The results indicate that a conducive work environment, both physical and non-physical, and a good level of job satisfaction have a positive effect on employee performance. A comfortable work environment and harmonious working relationships can increase employee motivation and effectiveness, while job satisfaction fosters a positive attitude and responsibility in completing tasks. Thus, the work environment and job satisfaction play a significant role in improving employee performance at PT Tirtakencana Tatawarna in Karawang.

This study aims to test employee performance evaluation at PT. Nikomas Gemilang, Nike Division, using the Critical Incident Technique (CIT) method. This method was chosen to explore critical incidents that affect employee performance, both positively and negatively, within the context of their work. This study used a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews with employees from various departments, such as Chemical Quality Control, Outsole Operators, Line Supervisors, the Chemical QC Department, and Admin. The results showed that positive incidents involving promotions and training contributed to improved performance, while negative incidents were more related to operational challenges that required improvement through training. This study provides insight into the importance of critical incident management in employee performance evaluation and provides recommendations for improving the training and promotion system at PT. Nikomas Gemilang.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of physical work environment and job statisfaction on employee performance at Dinas Sosial Kota Depok, both partially and simultaneously. The research method used is quantitative. The data analysis methods applied include validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, regression analysis, correlation coefficient, determination coefficient, and hypothesis testing. The sampling technique used is saturated sampling, with a total sample of 67 respondents. he results of the study show that the physical work environment (X1) and job satisfaction (X2) have a significant effect on employee performance at Dinas Sosial Kota Depok. This is proven by the regression equation Y = 26.728 + 0.647X₁ + 0.378X₂. The correlation coefficient value of 0.757 indicates a strong relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The value of the determination coefficient or contribution of its influence simultaneously is 57.3%, while the remaining 42.7% is influenced by other factors outside this study. The hypothesis test results show that Fcount > Ftable (42.874 > 3.14), thus H₀ is rejected and H₃ is accepted. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence both partially and simultaneously between the physical work environment and job satisfaction on employee performance at Dinas Sosial Kota Depok.

Teamwork is a fundamental factor in social, organizational, and educational life, because in essence humans are social creatures that require the interaction and involvement of other individuals to meet their needs and achieve life goals. In the context of work, teamwork can be defined as the result of coordinated individual efforts that are able to produce higher performance than if work is done individually, or as a group of individuals working collectively to achieve common goals that are easier to achieve through collaboration. The implementation of teamwork plays an important role in accelerating job completion, improving individual and organizational performance, and being able to prevent overlapping tasks through good synchronization. Through intensive interaction, teamwork can have a positive impact on the overall performance of the group and also improve individual abilities through the process of knowledge and experience transfer between employees. The dimension of teamwork includes active member contributions, interaction and communication, consistency in maintaining focus on goals, quality of work results, and relevance of team members' knowledge and skills. Therefore, the effectiveness of teamwork is seen as the most important competitive advantage in an organization, making it a major factor that influences the increase in work productivity.

This study aims to conduct a pilot evaluation of employee performance in the Raw Material Warehouse Section at PT. IKPP Serang Mill using a checklist-based performance appraisal model. Performance evaluation is a crucial aspect in ensuring the smooth operation of raw material warehouses, which involve a high level of occupational risk and have a direct impact on the continuity of the production process. The checklist method is applied because it integrates quantitative assessment through scoring results with qualitative evaluation in the form of behavioral feedback. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach supported by quantitative data obtained from performance assessments of ten employees holding various positions, including forklift operators, checkers, shift administrators, and shift supervisors. The results indicate that employee performance falls within a diverse spectrum, categorized as “performance” and “need to improve,” influenced by compliance with standard operating procedures (SOPs), work discipline, communication, and awareness of occupational health and safety (OHS). The findings also demonstrate that the checklist-based model is effective in identifying performance gaps and serves as a basis for formulating improvement actions such as coaching, OHS training, promotions, and administrative sanctions. This study concludes that the checklist model functions not only as an administrative evaluation tool but also as a strategic instrument for human resource development and sustainable organizational performance improvement.

The quality of educational human resources (HR) is a key factor in determining the quality and success of educational implementation in schools. However, many schools still face problems of low performance, motivation, and professionalism among teachers and educational staff due to leadership that is not responsive to the diversity of conditions and human resource needs. This study aims to examine situational leadership as a strategy employed by school principals to improve the quality of educational human resources. The study adopts a literature review approach with qualitative content analysis of books, scholarly journal articles, and relevant previous research. The findings indicate that situational leadership enables school principals to adjust leadership styles directing, coaching, supporting, and delegating according to the levels of readiness, competence, and motivation of teachers and educational staff. Adaptive and participative leadership contributes positively to improved performance, work commitment, professionalism, and the creation of a conducive organizational climate and school culture. Therefore, situational leadership can be used as a strategic approach in planning, implementing, and evaluating sustainable educational quality improvement programs.

This study aims to determine the influence of work discipline (variable X1) and work culture (variable X2) on employee performance (variable Y). The research method used is a descriptive and verifiable method with a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, documentation, and literature studies to obtain comprehensive and relevant data for the purpose of the research. Data analysis techniques are carried out systematically, starting from the data compilation process, data tabulation, to the hypothesis testing stage. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression to determine the influence of each independent variable on the dependent variable. The results showed that the determination coefficient (R²) value was 69.8%, which means that work discipline and work culture simultaneously have a significant effect on employee performance. Meanwhile, 30.2% of employee performance was influenced by other factors outside of the study, such as motivation, work ability, leadership, personality, job satisfaction, work environment, and employee loyalty. Thus, it can be concluded that improving work discipline and a positive work culture plays an important role in improving.

This study aims to analyze human resource management (HRM) based on Islamic boarding school values ​​in strengthening educator professionalism and sustaining academic performance at MA Al-Amiriyyah Blokagung. The study focuses on the process of internalizing Islamic boarding school values ​​in HRM policies and practices and their implications for educator professionalism and the sustainability of the institution's academic quality. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with madrasah leaders and educators, observations of institutional practices, and documentation studies of policies and human resource development programs. Data analysis was conducted thematically through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that Islamic boarding school values ​​such as sincerity, service, discipline, exemplary behavior, and moral responsibility have been internalized normatively and practically in HRM policies, particularly in aspects of human resource planning, recruitment, coaching, and evaluation of educator performance. These values ​​shape educator professionalism that is not only based on pedagogical competence, but also an ethos of devotion and moral integrity. The human resource development and coaching system contributes to maintaining work motivation and consistent academic performance among educators. However, the internalization of Islamic boarding school values ​​still tends to be cultural and person-centered, and has not been fully institutionalized in written policies, standard procedures, and long-term strategic planning. Therefore, its sustainability remains dependent on leadership figures. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of strengthening the institutionalization of Islamic boarding school value-based human resource management (HRM) through formal policies, a sustainable human resource development system, and systematic managerial governance to ensure the sustainable maintenance of educator professionalism and the institution's academic performance.

English Correspondence is an important course for university students from non-English departments as it equips them with professional writing skills needed in the workplace, including job application letter writing. This study aims to describe students’ writing outcomes in writing job application letters after receiving instruction in an English Correspondence course. The study employed a descriptive qualitative research design. The participants consisted of 22 students from a non-English department enrolled in the English Correspondence course at Stekom university. The data were obtained from students’ final job application letters and analyzed using an analytic writing assessment rubric focusing on content relevance, completeness of letter structure, organization, and use of formal English. The findings reveal that students generally achieved good writing outcomes in writing job application letters. The strongest aspect was the completeness of letter structure, indicating that most students were able to apply the standard format and components of a job application letter appropriately. Students also demonstrated relatively good performance in content relevance and use of formal English. However, weaknesses were identified in organization and language accuracy, particularly in developing coherent ideas and using grammatically accurate formal expressions. The analysis of representative excerpts from students’ letters further illustrates variations in writing quality across aspects. Overall, the findings suggest that instruction in the English Correspondence course contributed positively to students’ ability to write job application letters. This study highlights the importance of examining students’ writing outcomes holistically to provide insights for improving instructional practices in teaching professional writing.

The increasingly rapid digital transformation demands that MSMEs optimize technology not only in business processes but also in human resource management. Although HR digitalization is believed to improve organizational effectiveness, research on the psychological mechanisms and role of leadership in the context of e-commerce MSMEs is still limited. This study used a quantitative approach with an explanatory survey method and involved 366 respondents from e-commerce MSMEs in various regions of Indonesia. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques to test direct relationships, mediation, and moderation. The results showed that digital HR practices have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The digitalization of HR functions, such as e-recruitment, e-learning, HRIS, and digital performance management, can improve work effectiveness and the quality of work output. Furthermore, work engagement was shown to mediate this relationship, meaning that employees perform better when they feel more passionate, dedicated, and involved in their work. This mediating role emphasizes the importance of psychological aspects in the successful implementation of digital HR. Leaders who possess a digital vision, provide technological support, and encourage innovation have been shown to increase employee motivation and comfort in working using digital systems. Overall, this study confirms that the success of digital transformation in e-commerce MSMEs is determined not only by the technology used, but also by leadership support and employee engagement. These findings provide important contributions to the digital HR management literature and offer practical implications for MSME owners in increasing competitiveness in the digital era.

This study examines the role of the General Affairs (GA) Division in ensuring the effectiveness of administrative processes and facility management at PT. Panorama Indah Permai (Saloka Theme Park). The research was conducted during an internship program from September to December 2025, during which the researcher was directly involved in daily operational activities. Using a descriptive qualitative method, data were obtained through direct observation, administrative document analysis, and informal interviews with GA personnel. The results show that the GA Division functions as a critical support unit responsible for logistics management, documentation control, meeting room preparation, and operational vehicle administration. Several challenges were identified, including inconsistencies in documentation, high workload during peak operations, and limited digital integration. Despite these challenges, the GA Division plays a central role in coordinating with other departments to maintain workflow continuity. This study reinforces the relevance of operations management, office administration, facility management, and organizational communication theories in practical workplace settings. The findings imply that improving digital administrative systems, enhancing coordination mechanisms, and standardizing procedures could significantly strengthen GA performance and overall organizational efficiency.

This study aims to analyze the differences in motorcycle traffic flow (Q) during the morning and afternoon peak hours as an indicator of roadway operational performance, referring to the Indonesian Road Capacity Guidelines (PKJI) 2014, with a case study on Mawar Street–Wijaya Kusuma Street, Jember Regency. The research data were obtained from 12 observation points through traffic surveys that recorded motorcycle traffic flow in vehicles per hour (veh/h). The analytical methods used include descriptive statistical analysis, normality testing, and paired sample t-test. The results show that the average motorcycle traffic flow during the morning peak hour is 115.58 veh/h with a standard deviation of 62.97, while during the afternoon peak hour it is 63.25 veh/h with a standard deviation of 28.57. The paired sample t-test yields a significance value of 0.015 (p < 0.05), indicating a statistically significant difference between morning and afternoon traffic flows. These findings suggest that the level of roadway capacity utilization is higher during the morning peak hour, which is closely associated with dominant routine travel activities such as commuting to work and school. The results of this study are expected to serve as a basis for evaluating roadway operational performance and to support traffic management and traffic engineering planning aimed at improving road network performance and reducing congestion.

This study examines the influence of work ethic, human resource competence, and performance on productivity at the Maju Jaya Farmer Group in Bintan Buyu Village. The research employed a quantitative approach with a saturated sampling technique involving 39 respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires using a Likert scale and analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS 24. The results indicate that work ethic significantly and positively affects productivity (t=3.638, sig=0.001), human resource competence significantly and positively affects productivity (t=2.181, sig=0.036), and performance significantly and positively affects productivity (t=2.737, sig=0.010). Simultaneously, the three variables have a significant positive effect on productivity (F=163.762, sig=0.000) with a contribution of 93.3% (Adjusted R²=0.928). This study confirms that internal factors of farmer group members play a crucial role in improving agricultural productivity in island regions with limited land resources

This study aims to analyze the influence of motivation, organizational commitment, and pedagogical competence on the performance of elementary school teachers who are members of the Teacher Working Group (KKG) in Teluk Sebong District. The research employed a quantitative approach with a saturated sampling technique, involving all 112 teachers as respondents. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression through SPSS software. The partial test results show that motivation has a positive and significant effect on teachers' performance (t = 3.768; sig = 0.000), organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on teachers' performance (t = 2.093; sig = 0.039), and pedagogical competence has a positive and significant effect on teachers' performance (t = 3.059; sig = 0.003). Simultaneously, the three variables significantly affect teachers' performance (F = 9.153; sig = 0.000). The determination coefficient indicates an R Square value of 0.203, meaning that 20.3% of the variation in teachers' performance can be explained by motivation, organizational commitment, and pedagogical competence, while the remaining 79.7% is influenced by other factors outside this model.

The success of a company is not only determined by the quality of the products and services offered, but also by the company's ability to manage employee relations, which is part of the internal public relations function. Without a targeted strategy, companies risk facing low motivation and declining performance. This study aims to understand the employee relations strategy of PT. Resultan Karya Indonesia (Rekanesia) in motivating employee work. The theory used refers to Albrecht (2020) which includes internal communication, rewards, career development programs, work flexibility, and conflict resolution mechanisms. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with interview, observation, documentation, and source triangulation techniques. The results show that the employee relations strategy at Rekanesia is implemented through weekly communication forums, one-on-one meetings, providing material and non-material appreciation, flexible working hour policies, and informal activities such as team building. This strategy has been proven to increase employee motivation, satisfaction, and loyalty, thereby creating a productive and conducive work environment. Practically, this research can provide input for PT. Resultan Karya Indonesia to continue strengthening a more effective, participatory, and sustainable internal communication strategy, so that the company is able to face competitive challenges while maintaining its existence in the modern era.  

This study aims to review the perspectives of MSME owners in the Gonilan area, particularly regarding part-time workers and their use in improving operational cost efficiency. The Gonilan area is known to have many MSMEs operating in various sectors, making this study relevant for understanding the challenges they face. A qualitative method was chosen so that the researcher could conduct in-depth interviews with three MSME owners. The informants were selected because they employed both full-time and part-time workers. The interview results showed that part-time workers were effective in reducing operational costs, such as more flexible hourly wages, although there were some disadvantages. The main disadvantages of part-time workers included lack of experience and limited working hours, which could be overcome through extra training and clear task distribution so that they could focus and increase productivity. The study concluded that the use of part-time workers has a significant impact on the operational cost efficiency of MSMEs, helping owners navigate the market without excessive financial burdens and encouraging long-term business growth.

The study aimed to find out the nature of the budget, know the modern techniques of preparing and implementing the budget, and the consequences of preparing budget based on the modern techniques on performance of government. The descriptive-analytical approach was used to meet the objectives and hypotheses of the research. The data was gathered through a questionnaire whereby 60 questionnaires where distributed to a sample population of accountants working in the Financial Affairs Department at the General Directorate of Education in Wasit Governorate (Iraq), and 57 questionnaires were collected to establish the views of the accountants regarding the effect of preparing and implementing budgets under the modern techniques on the government performance. This paper came up with a number of conclusions. Preparation of the general budget of the state is a technical and political process that involves and is involving different actors in the state. The budget preparation process is a technical process since it involves numerous key calculations that can be used to quantify the anticipated revenues, the cost of activities likely to be obtained in the year and estimation of the planned expenditures. The process of preparing the budget through the traditional ways (line-item budgeting) does not contribute to the optimal planning and budget allocation of the state and, therefore, the fulfillment of the goals laid out by the countries. This paper advises on the need to focus on the current approaches in the budget preparation because they enhance governmental performance, enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of state expenditures, strive to diversify the income, and convert the policies and goals of the state into a definite and actualized reality on the ground, with the help of standards and indicators that modern means of preparing the budget have offered. And to act to modernize the budget system in Iraq, profiteering with the experience of other countries in this domain, and that modernization be a progress, commencing with the budgeting of some ministries or departments within ministries and bodies gradually with the aim of acquiring more experience and expertise, and then meet the impediments which will emerge to proceed to a complete transition.

This study explores the impact of work–life balance on job performance among Generation Z employees in Jakarta, with job satisfaction as a mediating variable and family-supportive supervisor behavior as a moderating variable. Generation Z, the largest segment of Indonesia's workforce, values flexibility and supportive leadership, but their job performance often shows inconsistency. Previous studies have yielded mixed results on the relationships between work–life balance, job satisfaction, and job performance, with limited empirical evidence on the role of family-supportive supervisor behavior, particularly in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 385 Generation Z employees in Jakarta through purposive sampling. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0 was used for data analysis. Results indicate that work–life balance positively influences both job satisfaction and job performance. Additionally, job satisfaction partially mediates the relationship between work–life balance and job performance, suggesting that a better work–life balance enhances job satisfaction, which in turn improves performance. The study also shows that family-supportive supervisor behavior significantly strengthens the positive effect of work–life balance on job performance. These findings contribute to the literature by clarifying how work–life balance affects job performance among Generation Z employees and highlighting the importance of supportive leadership.

The development of social media has shifted the way humans interpret spirituality and construct self-identity, giving rise to the phenomenon of digital religiosity that is all-visual, instant, and performative. This study aims to analyze how representations of spirituality in social media culture contribute to the crisis of self in modern humans, by interpreting this phenomenon through the metaphysical perspective of Seyyed Hossein Nasr. Using a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical design that enriches digital ethnography, this study collects data through documentation of spirituality-themed content on TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube, as well as a literature review of Nasr's works and literature related to digital spirituality. Thematic analysis shows that spirituality in social media is formed through symbolic aestheticization, the commodification of religious values, and identity performances oriented towards algorithms and public validation. These findings demonstrate the symptoms of the desacralization of modernity as criticized by Nasr, namely the erosion of spiritual depth due to the dominance of images and the narrowing of transcendent meaning. This study emphasizes that social media is not just a medium, but a space for the formation of consciousness that can facilitate and endeavor the spiritual search of modern humans. Theoretically, this research contributes to the study of digital spirituality and the critique of modernity; In practice, he encourages more critical digital literacy so that people can manage spiritual experiences more authentically.

This study aims to examine the effect of job rotation, physical work environment, and spiritual motivation on the performance of amil employees at BAZNAS Tanjungpinang City. This research adopts a quantitative approach using a survey method. The population consists of all amil employees at BAZNAS Tanjungpinang City totaling 35 respondents, and a census sampling technique is applied. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS version 27. The partial test results indicate that job rotation and the physical work environment do not have a significant effect on amil employees’ performance. In contrast, spiritual motivation has a positive and significant effect on performance. Simultaneously, job rotation, physical work environment, and spiritual motivation collectively have a significant effect on the performance of amil employees at BAZNAS Tanjungpinang City. These findings highlight the important role of spiritual motivation in improving employee performance, particularly within zakat institutions that are strongly grounded in Islamic values.