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This research examines how conceptual comprehension, mathematical reasoning, and problem solving affect computational thinking. 122 students from class XI SMA Negeri 1 Pematang Siantar were given essay assessments on conceptual comprehension, mathematical reasoning, problem solving, and computational thinking. AMOS version 21 was used to analyze the test using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). This study found that conceptual understanding, mathematical reasoning, and problem solving have a positive and significant effect on computational thinking ability with a contribution of 0.528. This means that 52.8% and 47.2% of computational thinking abilities are built by these three abilities, depending on other variables.

The problem of accessibility and efficiency of book search is still a major challenge in school libraries, especially those that still rely on manual systems. This study aims to implement and test the effectiveness of an information retrieval system (IRS) based on the Dice Similarity method in the SMA Negeri 1 Siantan Library, West Kalimantan. The research method used is experimental descriptive quantitative, with data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation, as well as system testing on collection data and library user activities. The system was developed using the Laravel framework and MySQL database, and evaluated using precision and recall metrics. The results showed that the system has a Precision value of 100% and a variable Recall value, with the highest value of 66.66% and the lowest of 14.28%. The implementation of this system significantly speeds up the search process, minimizes recording errors, and increases user satisfaction. The findings recommend the adoption of Dice Similarity-based IRS as an applicable solution for school libraries in supporting literacy and easy access to information. The findings are expected to be a reference for the development of library information systems in educational environments with limited resources.

The role of Cargo Handling on the Loading and Unloading Process at PT Terminal Teluk Lamong is very important for the loading and unloading process at the port. This research aims to identify various technical and non technical obstacles in the operation of cargo handling equipment such as ASC, forklift, and reach stacker. The interview results showed that there are four main factors that become obstacles in the loading and unloading process, namely machines, methods, facilities, and manpower. Further analysis using fishbone diagrams reinforced these findings by outlining the causes of each factor, ranging from machine interference, wrong container placement methods, limited technological facilities such as Container Scanner Reader (CSR), to the driver’s lack of understanding of the automation system. Quantitatively, the efficiency of cargo handling was evaluated through the 2023 container throughput, which showed a positive trend with a significant increase in load activity, especially in October which recorded the highest number of 39.106 Boxes. The analysis concluded that although there are various obstacles in cargo handling practices, the system implemented by PT Terminal Teluk Lamong has generally been able to improve the efficiency of the loading and unloading process, as evidenced by the volume of container handling.

This study aims to examine the effect of idle time on the productivity of dry bulk loading and unloading activities at the Java Integrated Industrial and Port Estate (JIIPE). The research employed a quantitative correlational approach, with data collection techniques including observation, documentation, and company records. The research sample consisted of 12 vessels engaged in loading and unloading at Java Integrated Industrial and Port Estate (JIIPE) port during the period from January to July 2024. The analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of -0.16, indicating a very weak negative relationship between idle time and productivity. The coefficient of determination, at 2.56%, suggests that idle time contributes only marginally to productivity, while the remainder is influenced by other factors. The factors affecting idle time include weather conditions, equipment failures, and truck delays. The conclusion indicates that while idle time does impact productivity, the effect is not statistically significant..    

Leadership in ministry is very important, especially in today's digital era with various target congregations in a church. Gen Z, which is the generation that dominates the population in Indonesia, is certainly of interest for the author to be able to know more about the various transformations that have occurred. The author is aware that the study of this transformation is very broad so that the challenge of pastoral leadership in the ministry of gen z in this digital era is the focus of this study. With this study, it is hoped that the author can participate in providing comprehensive information about the challenges of pastoral leadership in the ministry of gen z in the digital era, the factors that influence and how solutions can be done to face these challenges.

Alba, A. and Kurniawan, R. (2019) ‘Kebijakan Pemberian Bantuan Sosial Bagi Keluarga Miksin “Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Muara Batu Kabupaten Aceh Utara”’, UNIMAL Press, 1, pp. 1–128. Alviyah, E.N. et al. (2023) ‘Beasiswa KIP-K: Apakah Beasiswa Dapat Menjadi Motivasi Belajar Mahasiswa?’, Journal of Creative Student Research, 1(2), Asyahbuddin, A. (2022) ‘Welfare Society Dalam Sistem Kesejahteraan Sosial Di Indonesia’, ICODEV: Indonesian Community Development Journal, 3(1), Elia, A. and Dkk (2023) Metode Penelitian Kualitatif dan Kuantitaif. Ilhami, M.W. et al. (2024) ‘Penerapan Metode Studi Kasus Dalam Penelitian Kualitatif’, Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 10(9), pp. 462–469. Available at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11180129. Khaliq, M.N. (2024) ‘E-ISSN : 2792-0876 Demokrasi dan Kebijakan Publik dalam PP Nomor 21 Tahun 2024 Tentang Tabungan Penyelenggaraan Perumahan Rakyat’,          5(1),    pp 113–128.            Available        at: https://doi.org/10.37274/mauriduna.v5i1.1307. Kurniati, I.D. et al. (2015) ‘Buku Ajar’. Lamangida,  T.  (2015)  ‘Pengaruh  Program  Bantuan  Langsung  Sementara Masyarakat Terhadap Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Dasar Masyarakat Miskin Di Desa Omayuwa Kecamatan Randangan Kabupaten Pohuwato Trisusanti Lamangida Program Studi Administrasi Publik , Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo’, Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan dan Pelayanan Publik, 1(2), pp. 193–202. Martins, E.K. and Toletina, N.T. (2024) ‘Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Program KIP-K Di Indonesia’, Professional: Jurnal Komunikasi dan Administrasi Publik,        11(1),  Pra-sejahtera, K. et al. (2025) ‘Pemanfaatan Dana KIPK untuk Mendukung Pendidikan Mahasiswa dari’. Rivai, A.B. (2017) ‘Kebijakan Afirmasi Pendidikan Tinggi Untuk Papua’, CosmoGo 1(2) p.266. Available        at: https://doi.org/10.24198/cosmogov.v1i2.11838. Suryani, A.S. (2018) ‘Pengaruh Kualitas Lingkungan Terhadap Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Dasar di Provinsi Banten’, Jurnal Aspirasi, 9(1), pp. 35–63. Available at: https://doi.org/10.22212/aspirasi.v9i1.99

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are an essential component of Indonesia's economic framework. MSMEs need to improve their business performance stability to maintain economic stability. This research aims to determine the influence of accounting information systems, financial literacy, and management accounting practices on MSME business performance in the city of Semarang. The population of this research is 187 MSMEs, with a sample of 100 MSMEs that have more than 5 employees (purposive sampling method). The findings show that the variables SIA (Accounting Information System) and PAM (Management Accounting Practices) have a significant positive impact on KB (Business Performance), indicating that any increase in these variables will enhance MSME business performance. Conversely, the LK (Financial Literacy) variable has a negative and insignificant impact on KB, indicating that many MSMEs do not fully understand financial literacy in terms of knowledge and benefits. However, LK and SIA have a significant positive impact on PAM, demonstrating that optimal PAM implementation supports MSME business performance. There is a significant positive indirect effect of LK and SIA on PAM and KB, highlighting the importance of financial literacy and accounting information systems in improving MSME business performance.  

In this study, the population growth rate of Pematang Siantar City during the period 2022–2025 is discussed through an improper integral approach. Population growth patterns must be analyzed and predicted in the long term. Linear, geometric, and exponential growth models are used to analyze data taken from the Statistics Center. The calculation results show that the population growth rate changes every year, with an average change of 0.10% per year. The prediction for 2025–2026 shows a growth of 0.59%, indicating an increase in population. However, through an improper integral approach, it is found that a population that experiences a decrease in growth rate over time will reach a limited cumulative total population value, even if the population continues to increase. These results indicate that a long-term downward trend can lead to population shrinkage, uncontrolled growth can lead to population density. As a result, this study is expected to provide a scientific basis for population policies and sustainable development planning in Pematang Siantar City.

This study aims to determine the influence of leadership style and communication on employee performance at PT. Baby Bar Indonesia. The background of the research is based on the crucial role of leadership and communication in improving work effectiveness and organizational competitiveness amid globalization and technological advancement. This research employs a quantitative approach with an associative method. The population consists of all employees of PT. Baby Bar Indonesia, totaling 50 individuals, with a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews, and analyzed using validity tests, reliability tests, simple and multiple linear regression, as well as t-tests and F-tests. The results indicate that both leadership style and communication significantly influence employee performance, both partially and simultaneously. A participative leadership style and effective communication were found to enhance employee motivation and work productivity. The study recommends improving two-way communication patterns and implementing a more open and supportive leadership approach to optimize employee performance.

Using a descriptive method with a triangulation approach including observation, document analysis, and interviews this study ensures data reliability. Daily monitoring is conducted on wastewater flow and pH levels, while monthly laboratory analysis covers eight key parameters: Total Suspended Solids (TSS), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), total chromium (Cr), phosphate (PO³), oil and grease, and pH to evaluate the perfomance of the treatment system. The treatment process begins with the inflow of 960 m³ of wastewater per day into the storage pond, where aeration is applied to ensure homogenization before being transferred to the neutralization unit. pH adjustment is carried out by adding NaOH or HCl before the wastewater undergoes coagulation and flocculation stages. The study’s findings indicate that the WWTP meets the environmental quality standards established in accordance with the Decree of the Head of the Investment Coordinating Board of the Republic of Indonesia (2020), Number SK.214/1/KLHK/2020 concerning the Permit for Wastewater Disposal into the Sea on Behalf of PT Pembangkit Jawa Bali Unit Pembangkitan Gresik. This study emphasizes the importance of systematic monitoring and treatment in wastewater management.

This study aims to analyze the representation of Pancasila values ​​in the painting Laskar Rakyat setting Siasat by Affandi. This painting is considered to have a strong philosophical meaning related to the struggle of the Indonesian people in maintaining independence. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach (library research), where data is obtained from various written sources such as books, scientific journals, articles, and related documents. The data collection technique is carried out through the documentation method, while the data obtained is analyzed using content analysis techniques to identify symbols, colors, and visual elements that reflect the values ​​of Pancasila. The results of the study show that the painting Laskar Rakyat setting Siasat represents the five values ​​of Pancasila. The value of Belief in the One Almighty God is seen in the slogan "Once Independent, Always Independent" which reflects the belief that independence is a gift from God. The value of Just and Civilized Humanity is seen in the solidarity of the fighters without distinguishing backgrounds. The value of Indonesian Unity is realized through the togetherness of the fighters who develop a joint strategy. The value of Democracy Led by the Wisdom of Deliberation and Representation is depicted in the discussion scene among the fighters. Finally, the value of Social Justice for All Indonesian People is reflected through the painting of simple war equipment that shows the struggle of the common people in maintaining independence. This study confirms that works of art, especially Affandi's paintings, are able to be an effective medium in conveying moral messages, values ​​of friendship, and the spirit of struggle.

This research discusses the impact of modernization on the dynamics of community culture in Indonesia and efforts to preserve cultural values ​​amidst the flow of change. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of modernization on social and cultural changes in society and to identify strategies that can be carried out to maintain the existence of local culture. The method used is a literature study with a qualitative approach, based on various scientific literature and secondary data. The results of the study indicate that modernization has positive impacts such as the development of science, changes in values ​​and attitudes that are more rational, and improvements in communication technology. However, modernization also contributes to the erosion of local cultural identity, especially among the younger generation who are more influenced by global culture. This study emphasizes the importance of cultural experience and cultural knowledge as preservation strategies, as well as the active role of families, schools, and communities in instilling cultural values ​​from an early age.

In Indonesia, government attention to the use of post-saline contraceptives is increasing. According to the recommendations of The National Meeting on Family Planning Programs in 2012, the postpartum and post-miscarriage Family Planning (KB PP & PK) program is designated as a priority program that should be available in every province. This program aims not only to increase the number of contraceptive use, but also to improve maternal and child health (JNPK, 2012). Post-copy family planning is one of the government programs with a target of 80%, although the acceptor of post-copy family planning only reaches 30%, the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia considers this achievement as a significant progress in increasing community participation in family planning programs. Meanwhile, the number of family planning acceptors in North Sumatra in 2012 reached 4,041 acceptors. This study aims to analyze the relationship between maternal knowledge about post-copy family planning and participation in becoming a family planning acceptor at Balimbingan Hospital, Tanah Jawa District, Simalungun Regency, Pematang Siantar City in 2024. This study applies an analytical survey method with a cross-sectional approach with sampling carried out using the Incidental Sampling technique of 44 people. The data analysis technique applied was Spearman's Rho Correlation with a significance level of 5% or a confidence level of 95%. The results of the study based on the output test statistics obtained the result of p=0.007 (<0.05). The conclusion of the study is that Ha is accepted, which means that maternal knowledge has a significant relationship with participation in becoming a post-copy family planning acceptor. It is hoped that the Family Planning program management officer at Balimbingan Hospital will continue to provide accurate information, education and counseling.

This study aims to analyze and visualize the distribution of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia throughout 2020 with a spatial-based quantitative approach. The data used was obtained from the official report of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia as of December 30, 2020, including the number of confirmed cases, recovered, and died. The analysis was carried out by integrating clustering methods and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) using Quantum GIS (QGIS) software. The visualization results show significant spatial variations between provinces, where provinces with high population density such as DKI Jakarta, West Java, East Java, and Central Java are recorded as areas with the highest caseload. In addition, areas with limited health facilities also show a high potential risk of transmission and death. Cluster patterns of positive and cured cases generally show similarities, while mortality rates show spatial inequalities that are important to look at. These findings emphasize the importance of spatial data integration in area-based policy planning for pandemic control. Spatial visualization not only facilitates understanding of distribution patterns, but also supports more effective and targeted decision-making.

The use of criminal law in crime prevention efforts tends to only function as a treatment step for symptoms that appear, not as a tool that is able to eliminate the root causes of crime itself. Criminal law focuses on imposing sanctions on perpetrators as a form of retribution and special prevention, but often does not touch on the underlying factors that drive a person to commit a crime, such as economic conditions, social environment, and education. One of the most frequent forms of crime in society is theft, which reflects the existence of structural problems that have not been fully resolved This research uses a descriptive method of analysis. Where the analysis is carried out in accordance with the provisions of the rule of law with a conceptual approach, which refers to the provisions of the law and other legal disciplines. The type of approach in this research is carried out through normative juridical means. By doing legal interpretation associated with legislation, it also examines and tests secondary data, namely primary legal material in the form of the Criminal Code Article 362 concerning Theft, secondary legal material in the form of doctrine or expert opinion, and tertiary legal material in the form of papers, articles and others, The conclusion of this research is that theft is a criminal offense in the Criminal Code which is classified based on the method, place and conditions of its implementation. Article 362 of the Criminal Code defines theft as the act of taking property belonging to another person unlawfully for possession. In addition, there are other types of theft, such as theft with aggravation (Article 363), theft with violence (Article 365), petty theft (Article 364), and theft in the family (Article 367), each with different sanctions. Keywords : Responsibility, theft, Criminal Code.

Land cover change has a significant impact on the hydrology of watershed areas, including increasing flood risk. This study aims to analyze land cover changes in the Siborgonyi and Acai sub-watersheds between 2013 and 2022 and their impact on flood potential. The methods used include spatial analysis with GIS, flood modeling using HEC-RAS, and Curve Number (CN) calculations to identify changes in soil infiltration capacity. The results show that land cover changes have a substantial effect on the increase in flood risk. The reduction of forest areas and the expansion of built-up land indicate a large-scale conversion of natural vegetation into residential and infrastructure areas. CN values in 2022 increased across most areas, indicating reduced soil infiltration capacity and increased surface runoff. Flood modeling shows that both the extent and depth of inundation significantly increased in 2022, particularly in downstream areas with basin-like topography.

Global climate change has caused changes in rainfall patterns in various regions, including North Jayapura District, Papua Province. This study aims to analyze changes in rainfall characteristics in the region over the past two decades (2004–2023) using GSMaP satellite data. The analysis was carried out on the average monthly rainfall, annual rainfall, decadal trends, hourly rainfall intensity frequency, and daily rainfall duration. The results showed a decrease in annual rainfall accumulation in the 2014–2023 decades compared to the previous decade (2004–2013), with a difference of around 5,000 mm. The seasonal rainfall pattern still shows concentration in January to March, but with a significant decrease in these wet months. In addition, there was an increase in the frequency of short-duration rain (<1 hour) and moderate to very heavy rain, although the frequency was still relatively small. The high variability of annual rainfall also indicates an increasingly large climate. These findings indicate that North Jayapura District faces the risk of increasing extreme rainfall events and decreasing water availability in the long term. Therefore, adaptation efforts are needed through improving early warning systems, conservation of air catchment areas, and integration of satellite data and field observations in air resource management planning.

This study aims to analyze the relationship between the ethics of the accounting profession and corruption cases, as well as how regulation and supervision can help reduce corrupt practices in the business and government sectors. This study uses a literature review method to analyze internal and external environmental factors that cause corruption in accounting, business ethics principles violated in corruption cases, and prevention efforts and the role of supervisory institutions in suppressing corrupt practices. The results show that corruption in accounting can be caused by internal and external environmental factors, such as a lack of internal supervision, a company culture that does not support ethics, and weak regulations. The principles of business ethics that are violated in corruption cases include the principles of integrity, objectivity, and transparency. Prevention efforts and the role of supervisory agencies can help reduce corrupt practices in accounting. This research is expected to contribute to the development of more ethical and transparent accounting theories and practices.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) in underdeveloped regions, with a case study conducted in Merauke Regency, South Papua Province. The main focus is to examine to what extent the policy reflects the principles of social justice, particularly for vulnerable groups such as students from low-income families, indigenous communities, and those living in remote areas. This research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach using in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The findings reveal that the MBG program has positively contributed to student attendance, improved nutritional intake, and alleviated household economic burdens. However, disparities in access, logistical challenges, and resource limitations remain significant obstacles. From  social justice, the program has yet to fully meet the difference principle, as students in the most disadvantaged areas face the greatest barriers to access. Likewise, through the lens of capability approach, institutional limitations and a lack of community engagement hinder the program’s effective utilization. The study concludes that while MBG is a progressive public policy initiative, improvements are needed in implementation design, inter-agency coordination, and local-based approaches. Recommendations include strengthening logistics, promoting local food diversification, and establishing participatory evaluation mechanisms to ensure the program’s sustainability and equity.

Teknologi jaman sekarang mengalami perkembangan sangat pesat, berkembang dari masa ke masa seiring dengan meningkatnya kemampuan dan kebutuhan hidup manusia. Teknologi yang mempunyai peran penting dalam kehidupan manusia adalah komputer. Peran komputer terbukti banyak dibutuhkan dan digunakan sebagai alat bantu dalam mengolah data informasi dan mengendalikan berbagai peralatan yang digunakan untuk membantu manusia dalam menjalankan tugasnya sehari - hari. Komputer juga telah banyak sekali membantu menyelesaikan dan mengatasi masalah dari yang paling mudah hingga yang paling rumit. Hingga komputer tidak bisa dipisahkan dari aktivitas manusia dari setiap pekerjaannya. Semakin meningkatnya penggunaan teknologi informasi diberbagai bidang sehingga menjadi acuan penulis untuk mengatasi permasalahan tentang antrian yang ada pada tiap - tiap instansi atau lembaga pemerintah dan pusat - pusat layanan pelanggan maupun masyarakat. Perlu diketahui bahwa untuk antri pada loket layanan dan juga transaksi lewat kasir atau petugas loket, harus siap antri berdiri secara berurut selama bermenit - menit lamanya, bahkan jika banyak pelanggan yang datang menyebabkan antrian yang terlalu banyak menyebabkan pelanggan menjadi merasa tidak nyaman dalam melakukan antrian. Tentu saja hal ini kurang menyenangkan dan cenderung memboroskan waktu. Di sebagian pusat layanan masyarakat seperti Bank, Koperasi, Jasa Pelayanan yang lain sudah menerapkan teknologi antrian dengan memberikan nomor urut antrian dan tampilan display text nomor urut, sehingga antrian secara berdiri berurut yang dulunya berbasis antrian satu persatu untuk menunggu antrian mulai dihilangkan sehingga pelanggan dapat menunggu antrian secara nyaman dan tidak perlu melakukan antrian salin menyerobot ingin cepat dilayani.