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The current global environmental crisis is not only caused by technical and economic factors, but also reflects a spiritual and ethical crisis in the modern human view of nature. Seyyed Hossein Nasr, a contemporary Islamic philosopher and thinker, offers an environmental ethics approach based on Islamic spirituality that emphasizes the sanctity of nature and the relationship between humans and God as the center of ecological morality. This study aims to examine in depth the concept of environmental ethics according to Nasr, as well as its relevance in responding to contemporary ecological challenges. Using a qualitative descriptive approach and literature study of Nasr's works, this study found that Nasr's concept of environmental ethics is based on the principles of monotheism, trust, and the ontological relationship between humans and the universe. Nasr criticized the Western secular and anthropocentric paradigm that objectifies nature and called for the restoration of the sacred relationship between humans and the environment as the basis for sustainable ecological ethics. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of holistic and spiritual environmental ethics in global and local contexts.

The understanding of the doctrine of humanity and sin in Christian theology reveals the essence of human nature and the need for divine redemption. This study aims to examine theological perspectives on human nature and sin, focusing on the relationship between the Imago Dei and the fall of humanity. Using a qualitative descriptive approach through literature review, the research analyzes biblical texts and theological interpretations from various Christian scholars. The results show that humans, created in the image and likeness of God, were originally good and endowed with moral and spiritual capacity. However, through sin, humans experienced separation from God and moral corruption. Nevertheless, God’s grace through Jesus Christ enables the restoration of humanity’s divine image and reconciles the broken relationship with the Creator. The study highlights that understanding these doctrines helps believers realize their dependence on God’s grace, leading to repentance, transformation, and ethical living. The implication encourages Christians to maintain a responsible, spiritual, and moral life as a reflection of the renewed image of God within them.

This paper aims to explore the hermeneutics proposed by Fatima Mernissi in reading a hadith, especially those related to the hadith of female leadership. In this case, the hadith narrated by Abu Bakrah's companion stated that "a people who entrust their affairs to women will not be successful." This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive analytical nature, which focuses on analyzing the sanad and matan and revealing how the socio-historical context of a hadith is narrated. The results of this study indicate that the hermeneutic concept proposed by Fatima Mernissi is able to identify bias in the narration of a hadith. In this case, the hadith narrated by Abu Bakra is considered weak for several reasons, such as the incompleteness of Abu Bakra's genealogy, the influence of the social conditions of the hadith, and the lack of credibility of the narrator. Therefore, the hermeneutic approach proposed by Fatima Mernissi provides a reinterpretation of the hadiths so that they are in line with the principle of justice.

The global environmental crisis is increasingly alarming, with deforestation and resource exploitation severely impacting ecosystems and local communities. In Indonesia, Flores Island has become a strategic site for geothermal projects, including the planned drilling in Poco Leok, Manggarai, East Nusa Tenggara. This project has provoked strong resistance from local communities due to ecological threats such as deforestation, biodiversity loss, water pollution, and water scarcity, all of which exacerbate social vulnerability, particularly among women. This study employs a qualitative literature-based analysis using Taoist philosophy as an interpretive framework. The principles of Yin–Yang, Wu Wei, and Ziran are applied as reflective lenses to identify the root of the crisis: the imbalance in human–nature relations caused by exploitative and dominant development models. The findings demonstrate that economy-driven development undermines ecological harmony and local wisdom, thereby deepening social hardship. In contrast, Taoist philosophy offers an alternative paradigm that emphasizes balance, harmony, and respect for the natural order. Addressing the Poco Leok conflict therefore requires not only a reassessment of policy but also a paradigm shift in development toward ecological justice and inclusive, sustainable well-being.

The climate crisis is no longer just a concern for environmental activists, but has evolved into a strategic threat affecting global stability. The climate crisis is now worsening into a serious threat to the sustainability of human life and the existing ecosystems on Earth. In his book, "The Uninhabitable Earth," Arne Naess provides deep insights thru the Deep Ecology approach, which emphasizes the intrinsic value of all forms of life. This study explores the relationship between the environment and cosmology and its impact on human policies and behavior toward nature. By analyzing the interaction between humans and the environment, we show that a paradigm shift toward a holistic understanding can offer sustainable solutions to this climate crisis. The impact of the climate crisis is highly complex and widespread, leading to unstable weather patterns. These unstable weather patterns threaten agriculture, food security, and also result in more frequent and severe natural disasters. We need to explore the root causes of the current climate crisis, the impacts that have already occurred and may come, and the efforts that can be made by individuals, communities, and the international community to address such challenges. This research strongly highlights the importance of collective consciousness and moral responsibility in protecting the planet, while also inviting readers to reflect on their position within the broader web of life. Thru this approach, it is hoped that synergy between human development and environmental sustainability can be achieved.

In an effort to understand the nature of existence and the purpose of education, humans continually ponder fundamental questions about reality, knowledge, and life's values. Philosophy appears as a light that illuminates the darkness of these questions, offering a profound and systematic framework for thought. However, from an Islamic perspective, this search for truth does not rely solely on reason but is harmoniously integrated with Divine revelation. Islamic ontology places God as the source of all reality, its epistemology unites reason and revelation in the pursuit of knowledge, while axiology guides all educational actions and goals toward the formation of pious and noble individuals. This symbiotic integration gives rise to a transformative educational paradigm that not only fosters intellectual intelligence but also humanizes and purifies the soul, thus producing a holistic generation that contributes to the well-being of humanity. This paradigm aligns Islamic education with global realities, prioritizing a balance between worldly and otherworldly knowledge, and emphasizing moral and spiritual development as integral parts of a more holistic and sustainable education.

This study examines the understanding of the sacredness of nature in the beliefs of the Detunggali indigenous community as a reflection of the theology of creation. The study is based on the view that long before the emergence of formal religions, indigenous communities had already possessed a profound cosmological awareness regarding the relationship between humans, nature, and the Divine. The purpose of this research is to analyze how the meaning of the sacredness of nature is experienced within Detunggali customs and to interpret its relevance from the perspective of the theology of creation. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a library research approach supported by theological, anthropological, and local cultural sources. The findings reveal that the Detunggali indigenous community does not perceive nature merely as a physical environment or a means of fulfilling human needs, but rather as a sacred reality containing spiritual values and the presence of ancestors. This understanding creates a harmonious relationship between humans and nature, manifested through attitudes of respect, responsibility, and customary practices aimed at preserving environmental balance. The study also demonstrates that indigenous local wisdom contributes significantly to enriching the theology of creation, particularly in responding to ecological crises, environmental degradation, and the increasing exploitation of nature in the modern era.

This research aims to examine the role of music in the construction process of the traditional Karo house, Siwaluh Jabu, in Lingga Cultural Village, Karo Regency, North Sumatra. In Karo culture, music is not merely a source of entertainment but serves as a symbolic and spiritual medium that reflects cultural values, social cohesion, and the community’s belief system. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method with an ethnographic approach through field observation, in-depth interviews with traditional figures, musicians, and local residents, as well as documentation of rituals and architectural elements of the Siwaluh Jabu house. The findings reveal that music plays a significant role in each stage of construction, starting from the selection of suitable wood to the completion ritual known as Mengket. The Gendang Lima Sendalanen ensemble—particularly through the performance of Gendang Limapuluh Kurang Dua—functions as a medium connecting humans with ancestral spirits, legitimizing the spiritual presence within the house, and strengthening communal cooperation. Music serves not only to regulate the rhythm of collective work but also to ensure harmony between humans, nature, and the unseen forces that are believed to inhabit the house. Therefore, music is an essential element that maintains cultural continuity, reinforces identity, and supports the preservation of the Karo intangible heritage amidst ongoing modernization.

Islamic philosophy is one of the most dynamic intellectual traditions in the history of Islamic civilization, but its development is often reduced in modern historiographical narratives that place it as a continuation or derivative of Greek philosophy alone. Through his work History of Islamic Philosophy, Henry Corbin offers a different hermeneutic and phenomenological framework for reading the development of Islamic philosophy, namely by placing it as a continuous tradition, spiritual-metaphysical in nature, and not limited by political boundaries or conventional chronological sequences. This article aims to critically examine Corbin's view of the continuity of Islamic philosophy, assess his intellectual contribution to the study of Islamic philosophy, and examine the methodological limitations of his approach. Through a literature review and content analysis of Corbin's book and relevant academic literature, this article finds that Corbin has succeeded in opening new horizons in understanding the richness of the Islamic intellectual tradition, particularly through his emphasis on the role of creative imagination, inner dimensions, and the continuity of the wisdom tradition in Iran. On the other hand, his tendency to focus on esoteric aspects and spiritual experiences makes his narrative less comprehensive in reaching the rational, political, and social traditions in Islamic philosophy. This article concludes that despite its limitations, Corbin's work still makes a significant contribution to the development of contemporary Islamic philosophy studies, particularly in establishing a more holistic, dialogical, and open approach to the metaphysical dimensions of Islamic tradition.

The development of digital technology has changed consumer interaction and behavior patterns, including in purchasing decisions. Social media, especially TikTok, has become a strategic platform in marketing due to its interactive and visual content-based nature. Wardah, as a local cosmetics brand, utilizes TikTok through content marketing and Electronic Word of Mouth (E-WOM) strategies to strengthen brand awareness and encourage purchasing interest. This study aims to analyze the influence of content marketing and E-WOM on TikTok social media on the decision to purchase Wardah products. The research method used is quantitative with an associative approach. The research sample consisted of 97 respondents determined through purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using validity and reliability tests, descriptive analysis, classical assumption tests, hypothesis testing, multiple linear regression analysis, and the coefficient of determination R2. The results showed that content marketing had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions (t-count = 2.188; sig. 0.031). E-WOM also has a positive and significant effect (t-count = 15.020; sig. 0.001), with a more dominant effect than content marketing. Simultaneously, both social media have a significant effect on purchasing decisions (F-count = 119.690; sig. 0.001). The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.718 indicates that 71.8% of the variation in purchasing decisions can be explained by both social factors, while 28.2% is influenced by other social factors outside the scope of this study. These findings confirm the importance of digital marketing strategies based on creative content and consumer reviews in increasing purchasing decisions for Wardah products on TikTok.

The phenomenon of introduction through social media has become very common in this digital era. Social media offers ease and efficiency in introducing individuals to others, allowing them to meet, interact, and build relationships in a different way than traditional methods. However, the introduction of a partner through social media also brings its own challenges, emotional manipulation, and limitations in understanding the partner in depth. In the context of Catholic marriage, this phenomenon poses a serious challenge to canonical law. Canon law strictly regulates marriage in order to remain faithful to the Church's teaching of lifelong union and openness to procreation. However, the introduction of a couple through social media can affect the validity of the agreement, psychological readiness, and understanding of the nature of marriage. The Church needs to meet these challenges with a new pastoral approach, including the development of specific guidelines for the companionship of couples who start relationships through social media. This approach includes strengthening more intensive and comprehensive pastoral mentoring, utilizing social media as a tool for education and counseling and reminding couples of the importance of transparency and honesty in relationships. Thus, the Church faces the challenge of ensuring the psychological readiness of both parties and helping couples to understand more deeply about the marital commitments they make and to maintain the values of the sacrament of marriage in an ever-evolving digital world.

This study examines in depth the meaning of gratitude expressed in the traditional Wu’u Nura ceremony in Daniwato Village, West Solor, as well as in the Eucharistic celebration, which stands as the central liturgy of the Catholic Church. The Wu’u Nura ceremony is a communal tradition of thanksgiving for the harvest, expressed through symbolic rituals, offerings of agricultural produce, collective prayers, and ceremonial practices that reflect a harmonious relationship between humans, nature, ancestors, and God. Through these rituals, the community strengthens social cohesion, cultural identity, and religious awareness that have been passed down across generations. In contrast, gratitude within the Eucharistic celebration is understood as an expression of faith and a theological response to God’s salvific grace manifested through Christ’s sacrifice, made present in the consecration of bread and wine. Using a qualitative method and comparative approach, this study reveals that although differing in expression, structure, and theological foundations, both practices uphold gratitude as a universal value that fosters spiritual relationships and social solidarity. The findings affirm that dialogue between local culture and Church liturgy—within the spirit of inculturation—can enrich the understanding of faith, deepen spiritual life, and support the preservation of meaningful local traditions. This study contributes significantly to cultural and theological scholarship, as well as pastoral efforts aimed at fostering harmony between religion and culture in pluralistic societies.

This article discusses the meaning of religious values ​​in the Pati Ka Du'a Bapu Ata Mata tradition of the Ende Lio community and how this tradition is understood from a Catholic perspective. This tradition is a form of respect for ancestors who are believed to continue to play a role in the lives of their descendants. The study aims to explain the religious meaning, ethical values, and the integration of local traditions with the Catholic faith through an inculturation process. Using qualitative methods through interviews, observations, and literature studies, this study found that the Pati Ka Du'a Bapu Ata Mata tradition contains values ​​of gratitude, solidarity, togetherness, and an awareness of human connection with nature, ancestors, and God. From a Catholic perspective, these values ​​align with teachings on respect for others and the communion of saints, although some elements of the tradition require theological refinement to conform to Catholic principles. These findings suggest that local traditions can serve as a means of deepening faith, strengthening cultural identity, and encouraging harmonious religious practices within the Ende Lio community.

The knowledge and attitudes of food handlers are pivotal in fostering proper hygiene practices; however, not all individuals grasp and implement the requisite standards. The aim of this study is to examine the correlation between knowledge and attitudes regarding the behavior of food handlers in the context of hygiene and sanitation practices at Muhadi Setiabudi University. The study uses an observational methods. The research design used was cross-sectional in nature. A total of 59 food handlers were selected for the study, all of whom fulfilled the established criteria. The sampling method employed was purposive sampling. The findings indicate that 26 individuals, representing 44.1%, demonstrated a commendable level of knowledge, while 33 individuals, or 55.9%, exhibited a lack of knowledge. Furthermore, 54 individuals, accounting for 91.5%, displayed a positive attitude, in contrast to 5 individuals, or 8.5%, who showed a negative attitude. Additionally, 26 individuals, corresponding to 44.1%, engaged in commendable behavior, whereas 33 individuals, or 55.9%, were characterized by poor behavior. The Chi-square test revealed a relationship between knowledge and behavior, indicated by p > 0.05 (p = 0.809), and between attitude and behavior, evidenced by p < 0.05 (p = 0.848). No correlation exists between knowledge and attitudes regarding food handler behavior.

This community service activity aims to foster the religious character of the community in Timbang Langkat Village through an Islamic literacy program. This program is implemented as a form of contribution from the Real Work Lecture (KKN) students in strengthening religious values in the community by increasing interest in reading, understanding, and practicing Islamic teachings contextually. The activity method is carried out with an approach implemented through counseling, religious studies, group discussions, and relevant, good and correct worship guidance according to the sunnah. The results of the implementation of the activity show a sense of enthusiasm from the community in participating in the literacy activities carried out, as well as the emergence of positive changes in the religious nature and behavior of children and the surrounding community, such as increased awareness of worship, social concern, and enthusiasm for learning worship such as prayer and tilawah. In addition, this activity also fosters a sense of togetherness between students and the community in building an environment with an Islamic character. The continued impact of this activity is seen from the formation of small study groups that independently continue Islamic literacy activities after the program ends. Thus, this Islamic literacy-based community service has proven effective as a means of developing sustainable religious character in the community, while strengthening the synergy between the Muhammadiyah University of North Sumatra and the Timbang Langkat Village community in developing local potential based on Islamic values.

The absolute nature of moral rights creates practical legal issues. Under the concept of a sales agreement, the ownership of the sold object is transferred from the seller to the buyer. Conversely, the concept of moral rights, as stipulated in Law Number 28 of 2014, dictates that moral rights cannot be transferred for any reason whatsoever as long as the creator is alive. The conceptual and juridical ambiguity arises from the contradictory nature of a copyright and/or copyrighted work sales agreement versus the absolute status of moral rights. The research methodology employed in this study is the normative juridical method. This method focuses on analyzing legal norms related to moral rights and sales agreements, specifically referencing Law Number 28 of 2014 (Copyright Law) and the Civil Code (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata). Normatively, the creator's moral rights are perpetual and non-transferable to other parties, in accordance with the mandate of Law Number 28 of 2014, Articles 5 and 57. Nevertheless, within the context of private law, Article 5 of Law Number 28 of 2014 grants the creator the freedom to either maintain or waive these rights. If the agreement is reached consensually, the principle of pacta sunt servanda is applicable between the contracting parties. A clause involving the assignment of moral rights can render the agreement voidable (vernietigbaar) if it involves a violation of the subjective requirements (consent and legal capacity). This is particularly true if the consent was obtained through an abuse of circumstances (penyalahgunaan keadaan). A violation of this requirement indicates that the consent provided by the creator was not free and consensual.

One of PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal Sanggaran's CSR initiatives is the community-based turtle conservation program, or Turtle Conservation and Education Center Serangan (TCEC), which focuses on biodiversity and community empowerment. With the help of this program, turtles in Serangan Village that are in danger of going extinct will continue to exist. Serangan Village is a top priority when conducting CSR initiatives in the areas of biodiversity and social empowerment because it is part of the company's operational region. The program's main objective is to raise and care for turtles at TCEC, including feeding hatchlings and turtles, examining turtles' health, monitoring, turtle socialization and education, turtle inhealth training, saving turtles from South Bali's beaches and many more. The Poins of SDGs Goal 4 Quality Education, Goal 8 Decent work and Growth Economic, and Goal 15 Life on Land are achieved in part because to this program. 19 local workers were employed by this program, which earns $200 million annually. In order to carry out its duties and responsibilities, the Conservation Office and Turtle Education has an organizational structure filled by managers from traditional villages. The Turtle Conservation and Education Center was initially founded as a result of a village community movement that has a focus on turtle conservation in collaboration with WWF, BKSDA (Nature Conservation Agency; Indonesia), Udayana University Bali and is under the auspices of the traditional village of Serangan. The TCEC released almost 20,000 baby turtles as part of conservation efforts to ensure their survival. A number of G20 Summit attendees paid TCEC Serangan a visit, which demonstrated how the world acknowledged its struggle with turtle conservation. TCEC Serangan is the recipient of numerous national and international honors, including the Kalpataru (the award given to individuals or groups for their services in preserving the environment in Indonesia).

Human Rights (HAM) are fundamental rights that must be protected by both the state and society. In Islam, human rights are divine in nature, emphasizing justice and equality. Ma’had Al-Zaytun plays a vital role in instilling these values through an educational system aligned with Law No. 39 of 1999 on Human Rights. This study is important to explore the synergy between religion and law in fulfilling human rights. The purpose of this research is to identify the role of Ma’had Al-Zaytun in promoting human rights based on Law No. 39 of 1999 and the principles of Maqasid Shariah. The study uses a descriptive approach with a literature study method. Primary data are obtained from Law No. 39 of 1999 and Jasser Auda’s book Maqasid al-Shariah as Philosophy of Islamic Law: A Systems Approach, while secondary data are collected from journals, theses, dissertations, documents, regulations, and previous research related to the topic. The findings show that Ma’had Al-Zaytun plays a significant role in fulfilling human rights from both the perspective of Law No. 39 of 1999 and Maqasid Shariah. According to the law, Ma’had Al-Zaytun integrates Islamic values and human rights principles into its educational system and daily activities. The rights to life, welfare, religious freedom, education, and respect for others are implemented in daily practice. Meanwhile, from the perspective of Maqasid Shariah, Ma’had Al-Zaytun successfully harmonizes Islamic objectives with human rights principles by ensuring religious freedom, protecting human dignity, and encouraging freedom of thought.

Wildfires in Los Angeles are a phenomenon that can be analyzed from two main perspectives: science and religion. From a scientific standpoint, these fires are triggered by a combination of natural factors, such as the Santa Ana winds that bring hot and dry air, and climate change, which extends drought periods and increases temperatures. However, human activities, including environmental exploitation, deforestation, and inadequate fire mitigation efforts, have exacerbated the situation. From an Islamic perspective, natural disasters can be seen as tests, warnings, or consequences of human negligence in maintaining environmental balance, as mentioned in the Qur'an (Surah Ar-Rum: 41). This study highlights that wildfires are not merely natural occurrences but also have spiritual dimensions. Islam emphasizes that humans are entrusted as stewards of the earth, responsible for preserving nature rather than passively accepting disasters. Therefore, the best approach to addressing wildfires is to integrate scientific understanding with religious values. Proposed solutions include science-based prevention efforts, such as sustainable forest management and fire mitigation policies, as well as spiritual awareness to appreciate and safeguard nature as a divine trust. By understanding the relationship between science and religion, humanity can take greater responsibility in disaster response and establish a more balanced and sustainable way of life.

This study examines character and competency development through a philosophical approach. This philosophical approach plays a crucial role in developing students' character and competency, ensuring that education is not solely oriented toward knowledge but also toward the formation of morals and a holistic personality. This study employed a descriptive qualitative method, examining the ontological, epistemological, and axiological dimensions within the context of character education. The results indicate that a philosophical approach provides a profound understanding of the nature of humans as moral and rational beings capable of internalizing good values ​​through reflection. This approach also encourages students to think critically, be responsible, and demonstrate integrity in all their actions. Furthermore, spiritual and social aspects are strengthened through the development of empathy, wisdom, and ethical awareness in interactions with the environment. The application of a philosophical approach makes the educational process more meaningful because it touches on the realms of knowledge, morals, and spirituality in a balanced manner. Thus, philosophy-based education can create individuals who are not only intellectually intelligent but also possess strong character, a reflective spirit, and are able to make a positive contribution to society.