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The research in this journal discusses the Rohingya refugee crisis and its implications for Bangladesh's national security stability using the theory of National Security and Realism. The results using the library research method found that there were several impacts caused by Rohingya refugees, including in the fields of economy and health. The Bangladeshi government responded to the security shock by making several efforts to maintain the stability of its national security.  

This study aims to analyze law enforcement efforts against under-aged marriages in Indonesia, identify factors that cause under-aged marriages in Indonesia, and find out the implications of law enforcement efforts against under-aged marriages on child birth certificate registration. The research method used in this article is normative legal research which is analyzed qualitatively with a statutory approach and a case approach. The results of this study show that marriages that are only carried out based on religious law or beliefs, without being officially registered, are legal in religion, but not in the state. Factors that cause underhanded marriages include economic factors, social factors, psychological factors, and religious factors. The legal consequences caused by underhand marriages are detrimental to women and children resulting from these underhand marriages, one of which is difficulty in managing the registration of children's birth certificates. This study concludes that siri marriage/underhand marriage is recognized as religiously valid in Indonesia, but has no legal force because it is not registered at the KUA/Civil Registry in accordance with Law No. 1 of 1974. As a result, the marriage has no legal consequences for the couple and their children.

Pertanian modern menghadapi tantangan meningkatkan produktivitas tanpa merusak lingkungan. Salah satu solusi yang menarik adalah penggunaan pupuk organik cair dari limbah tahu yang difermentasi dengan bantuan Effective Microorganisme-4 (EM4), air kelapa, dan gula. Limbah tahu, produk sampingan industri tahu, memiliki potensi sebagai bahan baku pupuk organik. Proses fermentasi bertujuan meningkatkan kandungan nutrisi dan mengurangi dampak lingkungan limbah cair tahu. Penelitian ini fokus pada pembuatan pupuk organik cair dari limbah tahu melalui fermentasi dengan EM4, air kelapa, dan gula. Dengan mengkaji pertumbuhan tanaman cabe rawit sebagai contoh, penelitian bertujuan menguji efektivitas pupuk organik cair, mendukung pertanian berkelanjutan, menerapkan pupuk organik cair di pertanian, dan menganalisis kandungan nutrisi. Metode yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), dengan menggunakan eksperimental tambahan air kelapa, gula, dan larutan EM4 dengan bahan utama Limbah Cair Tahu, yang kemudian di fermentasi selama 0-7 hari dan di control setiap hari. Dalam mengkaji uji efektifitas Pupuk Organik Cair ini kemudian di terapkan pada tanaman cabe rawit yaitu dengan label tanaman A(menggunakan POC) dengan perlakuan pemberian POC sebanyak 5x250ml dalam setiap perlakuan, dengan perbandingan tanaman B(tidak menggunakan POC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbandingan antara tanaman A dengan tanaman B pada usia 0 – 60 hari di lihat dari tinggi batang Tanaman A mencapai 58,3 cm, sedangkan Tanaman B mencapai 30,4 cm, terdapat juga perbedaan diameter batang kedua tanaman yaitu selisih kurang lebih 1mm. Hasil penelitiaan ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk organik cair memiliki dampak positif pada pertumbuhan tanaman cabe rawit, seperti tinggi batang, warna daun, dan diameter batang yang lebih besar. Implikasi dari penelitian ini menciptakan peluang untuk praktik pertanian yang ramah lingkungan dan berkontribusi pada pengelolaan limbah secara berkelanjutan.

This study analyzes the characteristics, risk, and return of stocks and bonds in Indonesia. The data used is historical data on stock and bond prices traded on the IDX during a 10-year period, from 2014 to 2024. The analysis methods used are descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression. The results of the study show that stocks offer the potential for higher returns than bonds, but also with higher risk. Bonds offer better income stability and lower risk than stocks. The investment decision between stocks and bonds depends on the individual's risk profile and investment goals. Diversification remains an important investment strategy, regardless of risk profile.

Digital transformation in education has become a significant phenomenon in the era of disruption. This research discusses the challenges and opportunities that digital transformation in the disruption era provides for education. The results show that digital transformation can help improve the quality of education by utilizing digital technology in the learning process. In addition, digital transformation also helps improve the accessibility of education, facilitate the teaching and learning process, and improve the overall quality of education. In the future, digital transformation is expected to continue to increase the role of technology in education. Teachers and students must continue to adapt to technological developments and utilize technology to improve the quality of education. In synthesis, digital transformation in education has great potential in improving the quality of education and preparing students for a better future.  

Pakistan and China have established cooperative relations in various fields for centuries. In the field of security, the two countries have formed military cooperation that has significantly impacted regional security stability and has been quite effective in addressing evolving security challenges and geopolitical tensions in South Asia. Using descriptive methods, researchers can describe the factors influencing military cooperation between Pakistan and China and examine its implications for regional stability in South Asia. The research findings indicate that Pakistan-China military cooperation is influenced by economic, political, and other military aspects, which subsequently provide a strong position for both countries to face various potential threats affecting the balance of power and stability in South Asia. This cooperation can create a balance of power that stabilizes the region and brings strategic benefits to both countries, though the risks of escalation and increased tensions are also consequences that must be managed carefully.

Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja (UU Ciptaker) telah menjadi fokus perhatian dalam upaya pemerintah Indonesia untuk mereformasi struktur ekonomi guna meningkatkan daya saing. Dalam konteks pasar investasi, implementasi UU Ciptaker menjadi kunci dalam memahami perubahan dalam kinerja dan keseimbangan pasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh UU Ciptaker terhadap pasar investasi di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data statistik untuk mengukur dampak UU Ciptaker terhadap kinerja dan keseimbangan pasar investasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi UU Ciptaker memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap pasar investasi, terutama dalam perubahan tren pertumbuhan, distribusi aset, dan struktur pasar. Terlihat adanya perubahan yang cukup besar dalam berbagai aspek pasar investasi setelah UU Ciptaker diberlakukan. Dengan demikian, kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa UU Ciptaker memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk kinerja dan keseimbangan pasar investasi di Indonesia. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar untuk merumuskan kebijakan ekonomi yang lebih efektif dalam mendukung pertumbuhan pasar investasi di Indonesia. Saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya adalah untuk memperluas cakupan analisis dan mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor lain yang dapat memengaruhi pasar investasi di Indonesia secara lebih komprehensif.

Language serves as a medium of human communication as well as a unifying tool for the nation. Language is needed by everyone to express themselves, interact with others, and adapt to the environment. The existence of Indonesian language is negatively affected by the rise of slang. The purpose of this research is to 1) find out the types of slang use, 2) find out the implications of slang on student character values. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that students use slang, abbreviations in their daily communication which is a form of error in the use of Indonesian language properly and correctly. This can hinder the growth and development of Indonesian language which will have an impact on the loss of Indonesian language which is displaced due to slang in the future.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in driving Indonesia's economic progress, as they contribute significantly to job creation and increasing Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, MSMEs are facing various challenges that hinder their ability to contribute optimally. This article aims to analyze the impact of MSMEs on Indonesia's economic growth, with an emphasis on policy perspectives and implications. The research uses a descriptive qualitative and quantitative approach, with secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs, and relevant academic literature. The results show that MSMEs contribute more than 60% to Indonesia's GDP and create more than 97% of the workforce. However, challenges such as access to capital and technology hinder the growth of MSMEs. Policy recommendations include improving access to capital, technology support, and entrepreneurship training. Further research is needed to better understand the impact of MSMEs and to develop effective innovation and technology strategies.  

This article discusses political leadership with a focus on the meaning of political leadership, legitimacy, structure and function of political leadership and also political leadership succession in democratic countries. The research method uses literature study or literature review. And also in collecting data, we used the Library Research method in the form of (books) and Internet Searching in the form of articles relevant to the theme created as reference material for writers. Furthermore, the aim of writing is to explain the concept of political leadership comprehensively. By referring to political leadership theories, and also providing a better understanding of the phenomenon of political leadership. Even though there are limitations in references and knowledge, the author hopes for constructive feedback and suggestions from readers to improve quality. So the author hopes to provide benefits for readers in understanding more about political leadership and also our reflections if we want to become leaders in the future.

This research explores the conceptual implications of the Second Principle of Pancasila for social harmony in Indonesia. Pancasila, as the state's philosophical and ideological foundation, emphasizes the importance of "just and civilized humanity". However, the implementation of these values ​​often faces obstacles such as differences of opinion and personal interests, as well as the inability to resolve conflicts peacefully. Through a qualitative approach with literature studies and conceptual analysis, this research highlights the complexity of implementing the Second Principle and efforts to strengthen social harmony. The results show that education about Pancasila values, strengthening law enforcement institutions, and building a culture of inclusion and dialogue are important to improve the implementation of the Second Principle and create a more just and civilized society.

The management of state property in the current era is no longer just administrative, but more advanced thinking in handling state assets and being able to formulate the needs of state property broadly comprehensive accurately and definitely and think how to increase efficiency, effectiveness and create added value in managing assets in order to create orderly management of BMN administrative, physical orderly and legal order. One of them is by regulating BMN carried out at the XYZ ministry, namely through free BMN. This research aims to reorganize state assets that have not been handled properly so that the administration of state assets becomes better and is able to provide the maximum benefit to the state. Based on the review of the free application of BMN to the BMN Administration Regulation, it has a positive impact, one of which is by increasing the percentage of inventory of goods found by 85.4%.

Identifying the influence of work life balance and burnout on employee job satisfaction at You n Me Store in Cirebon City. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a relationship between work life balance, burnout, and employee job satisfaction at the store. Thus, this study aims to provide a better understanding of the factors that affect employee job satisfaction and how management can improve better working conditions for their employees. The type of research used in this study is an association study. Population and Sample. Data Collection Techniques, Literature review Work life balance and burnout have a significant positive influence on employee job satisfaction at You n Me Store Cirebon City. Work life balance partially has a positive and significant influence of 53.6% on employee job satisfaction. Burnout partially has a positive and significant influence of 39% on employee job satisfaction. The results of hypothesis testing show that the burnout variable partially has a significant effect on employee job satisfaction Work life balance and burnout have a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction at You n Me Store Cirebon City. Work life balance partially has a positive and significant effect of 53.6% on employee job satisfaction. Burnout partially has a positive and significant effect of 39% on employee job satisfaction.      

The low interest in reading among elementary school (SD) students poses a significant challenge in the context of primary education. This article identifies various factors that contribute to the low interest in reading among students, including lack of access to engaging reading materials, insufficient support from parents, lack of motivation or intrapersonal interest, uninteresting curriculum and teaching methods, influence of electronic media, socio-economic conditions, lack of reading role models, and difficulties in reading. The analysis yields recommendations that encompass improving access to engaging reading materials, encouraging parental support, fostering student motivation and intrapersonal interest, and developing engaging curriculum and teaching methods. Through a holistic and sustainable approach, it is hoped that these recommendations can help address the challenges of low reading interest among elementary school students and enhance the quality of literacy learning at the primary level.

Pancasila sebagai dasar negara Indonesia memiliki lima dasar yang mencakup ketuhanan yang masa esa, kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab, persatuan indonesia, kerakyatan yang dipimpin oleh hikmat kebijaksanaan dalam permusyawaratan/ perwakilan, dan keadilan sosaial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia. Namun, seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi dan penetrasi media sosial, seperti Telegram, peran dan pengaruhnya terhadap nilai-nilai Pancasila menjadi subjek analisis yang penting. Salah satu fenomena yang perlu dipertimbangkan adalah dampak negatif dari praktik role play di platform tersebut terhadap nilai-nilai Pancasila oleh penggunanya. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis akan menjelajahi bagaimana praktik role play di Telegram dapat memengaruhi pemahaman dan penerapan nilai-nilai Pancasila serta implikasinya terhadap identitas dan keberagaman budaya Indonesia.

Indonesia requires Islamic Religious Education (PAI) as an important part in making students competent in cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects (IQ and EQ). PAI functions to shape students' personalities so that they become virtuous and noble human beings (SQ). To increase competence in Islamic religious education, it is necessary to develop varied learning strategies. Varied learning strategies function to design learning methods and models, so that they are able to design teaching and learning environment systems and implement effectively and efficiently what has been planned in the learning objectives. Learning strategies are classified into 5 types: (1) direct learning strategies, (2) indirect learning strategies, (3) interactive learning strategies, (4) empirical learning strategies, (5) independent learning strategies.

Export activities in the long term can provide foreign exchange income for the country concerned, which will later be used to increase the growth of the country's economy, finance import needs and domestic development. A study by Kusuma and Twin (2012) concluded that exports had a positive and significant effect on national foreign exchange reserves. Exports are therefore one of the important benchmarks to know how much economic growth is in a country. The fluctuating state of exports in Indonesia is a very important thing to pay attention to. Especially in the face of the era of free trade in the Southeast Asia region or the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), Indonesia is expected to improve its export performance, so that it can compete with other countries. Then it is necessary to know what factors affect the increase and decrease in the value of Indonesia's exports. From the data processing it is known that interest rates and exchange rates together have a significant effect on total exports with α = 0.00390 < from α = 0.05. Parasially, the Bungan tribe had a negative and significant effect on total exports with a significance value of α = 0.0003 < of α = 0.05, and the exchange rate against the US dollar had a positive and significant effect on total exports with a significance value α = 0.0130 < of α = 0.05.

Penelitian ini mengkaji implementasi sistem informasi dalam konteks pendidikan di sekolah dasar (SD) dan sekolah menengah pertama (SMP) di Penajam Paser Utara. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas dan kepatuhan sistem informasi yang ada dalam meningkatkan proses administratif dan pendidikan. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan analisis dokumen. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa meskipun ada kemajuan signifikan dalam adopsi sistem informasi, tantangan seperti integrasi sistem, pelatihan pengguna, dan dukungan teknis masih ada. Tantangan ini mempengaruhi efisiensi dan efektivitas keseluruhan sistem. Implikasi dari temuan ini menunjukkan perlunya perbaikan terarah dalam pelatihan sistem, dukungan, dan strategi integrasi untuk meningkatkan efektivitas sistem informasi di institusi pendidikan.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengaudit sistem informasi pada UMKM di Penajam Paser Utara dengan fokus mengidentifikasi kelemahan dan meningkatkan kepatuhan terhadap standar yang berlaku. Dalam era digitalisasi, UMKM menghadapi tantangan besar dalam mengadopsi teknologi informasi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan daya saing. Namun, banyak UMKM yang masih kurang memahami pentingnya kepatuhan terhadap standar sistem informasi, yang berpotensi menimbulkan risiko keamanan data dan menghambat kelangsungan bisnis. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi langsung. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan beberapa kelemahan dalam kepatuhan sistem informasi, termasuk kurangnya pelatihan dan kesadaran. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah memberikan rekomendasi strategis bagi UMKM untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan dan keamanan sistem informasi mereka, yang pada akhirnya dapat meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan daya saing UMKM di Penajam Paser Utara.

This research aims to analyze the increase in HIV/AIDS cases in Medan City with a focus on influencing factors and implications for prevention and education. The research method used is library study, by collecting and analyzing data from literature, documents and related reports from various sources, including scientific journals, books and official reports from health and government organizations. The results of the analysis show that factors such as risky behavior, low levels of public awareness, lack of access to health services, and social stigma have a significant role in increasing HIV/AIDS cases. The implication of these findings is the need to increase efforts in prevention and education, with a focus on increasing awareness, reducing stigma, increasing accessibility of health services, and strengthening collaboration between various stakeholders in addressing this problem. This research makes an important contribution to understanding the dynamics of HIV/AIDS epidemiology in Medan City and provides a basis for developing more effective intervention strategies.