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    This study seeks to provide argumentative information regarding the reality of obstacles, challenges, strategies, and efforts in shaping the character of bureaucrats who have good morals, as well as to rationalize the importance of using technology, information, and communication in public services. This research was carried out through a qualitative approach with literature study methods, data analysis, namely, reduction, display, and verification or conclusion. The results of the research are: 1) dynamic and complex obstacles and challenges, leading to the reality of bureaucratic competence, mental distortion of serving , the Industrial Revolution 4.0, as well as legal certainty, 2) strategies and efforts in shaping the character of moral, capable bureaucrats through education and training, increasing technology literacy, supervision programs, and policies on welfare, 3) in the modern era, the bureaucracy needs to optimize technological progress , information and communication, to be effective and efficient, to be agile and professional. So that the formation of bureaucrats with character is an alternative solution in overcoming the stigma and stereotypes about the world of bureaucracy which is seen as rigid, conventional, procedural and pragmatic, so that it turns into world-class governance and public services.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a lot of anxiety, chaos and mental disorders when the COVID-19 cases in Bali as of 23 November 2020 recorded 13,331 positive cases with details of 762 active cases, 12,155 people recovered and 414 people died.  In Tembuku sub-district was recorded 170 positive cases which resulted in health workers getting more depressed and worried because of the workload, they must remember the complete PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) every time they serve patients.  In addition, the fear of infection and infection triggers a psychological problem that is detrimental and has a detrimental effect. Methods: This study used a descriptive method with a quantitative approach by using a measuring instrument in the form of a DASS 14 questionnaire. The population in this study was 32 respondents .  The sampling technique used was total sampling. Results: The results of this research showed the most respondents were female with a total of 72%, the age category was dominated by the age of 26-35 years, 63% probability, the highest education was DIII with 84%.  The highest count rate was the severe level at 43%. Conclusion: Most respondents experienced anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. The recommendation of this research is Government can provide moral emotional support to nurses so that they can increase self-confidence.

Background: A non-communicable disease that mostly affects the elderly in Indonesia is cardiovascular disease, which is the biggest cause of death for people aged 65 years and over with a higher number of deaths in developing countries. One of the non-communicable diseases commonly experienced by the elderly in society is hypertension or high blood pressure. Hypertension that occurs in society often causes problems, one of which is sleep quality disturbances. Sleep quality is one of the risk factors for hypertension. Inadequate sleep quality results in physiological and psychological balance disorders. Hypertension can be prevented by controlling risk factors, most of which are behavioral factors in the form of life habits, one of which is sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to describe the quality of sleep in the elderly with hypertension Methods: This study used a descriptive method with a quantitative approach using a questionnaire and the sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a total sample of 61 respondents. Results: The most respondents were 60-74 years old with a total of 50.83%, the most sex was women with 57.4%. The most common sleep quality for the elderly was poor sleep quality at 64%. Conclusion: Most of the sleep quality of elderly with hypertension in Marga Village is poor, where hypertension affects the quality of sleep of the elderly so that it is hoped that the elderly will check their blood pressure regularly and carry out therapy to help stabilize blood pressure so that the quality of sleep can be improved.

Background: Arthritis, better known as rheumatism, is a disease that attacks the joints and surrounding structures. Society often perceives rheumatism as a trivial disease because it does not cause death, even though if it is not treated immediately, rheumatism can cause abnormal limb function, ranging from lumps, stiff joints, and walking difficulty, to lifelong disability. Based on data from the Tungoi Health Center in 2022 the number of patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis was 127 people which was among the 10 highest number of diseases in the Tungoi Health Center. The study aimed to analyze the relationship between rheumatoid pain and the level of independence of the elderly in the working area of the Tungoi Health Center. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study approach. The location of the research was the Tungoi Health Center in October 2022. The study population consisted of patients seeking treatment in the working area of Tungoi Health Center with the number of study samples obtained was 92 patients using total sampling. Data analysis was carried out using the chi-square test. Results: the study showed that there was a relationship between rheumatoid pain and the level of independence in the elderly with a value of ? = 0.000. Conclusion: There was a relationship between rheumatoid pain and the level of independence of the elderly in the working area of the Tungoi Health Center. Suggestion: Health workers who are responsible for the Integrated coaching unit (POSBINDU) are to provide support to elderly families so that they participate regularly in the elderly programs provided by the Integrated coaching unit (POSBINDU) and Integrated Healthcare Center (POSYANDU).

Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever is caused by transmission of the dengue virus by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is common in tropical countries such as Indonesia, where new cases are found every year. According to WHO that dengue fever is the leading cause of hospitalization for children. Dengue hemorrhagic disease is more susceptible to infection in children because the child's immune system is still very weak, so the virus is easy to multiply quickly in the body. Knowing the pattern of treatment and analysis of potential drug interactions in pediatric patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever at the East Kalimantan Hospital. Methods: The research is non-experimental observational with a descriptive research design. The approach method used is the cross sectional method. Identification of data collection is carried out retrospectively, by taking sources from medical records for the years 2020-2021. Results: Of  the 47 patient samples, the most cases were male patients as many as 27 patients (57%) with the age of 11 years as many as 11 patients (23%) with a length of stay of less than 7 days as many as 45 patients (96%). Based on the pattern of treatment, the most widely used therapy was the rehydration group (RL) 28 patients (60%). In the case of drug interactions occurred as many as 2 cases (3%). Conclusion: In this study show that there are cases of drug interactions.

Poetry is part of a literary work that has aesthetic value and is visualized in verses with full meaning. The purpose of this study is to analyze poetry with an expressive approach. The method used in this research is descriptive method with content analysis, by analyzing poetry with an expressive approach. Expressive is an approach in a very scientific and well-studied way. Because the expressive approach to poetry is based on our interpretation of a structured poem. So, previously poetry could not be understood by everyone who did not understand the world of literature because the words contained figures of speech (hyperbole in particular) became understandable to everyone who did not know about the world of literature because the words in the poem were interpreted in ordinary words. What used to contain a lot of figurative language became words that are common or easily understood by everyone.

Historically, the outer space structure of the Sentani traditional defense settlement is an ancestral formation aimed at protecting its citizens from outside intervention and defending themselves from tribal wars. The phenomenon of this ancestral formation is maintained until now as a pattern of traditional Sentani defense settlements. From the previous research has been stated, research on traditional settlement patterns on the meaning of defense and the sacredness of outer spatial planning has never been carried out. No research reveals that the sacred outer space in the traditional Sentani settlement is a phenomenon formed by a sacred defense space to protect indigenous peoples from intervention and tribal wars. The research method used is a qualitative approach using the Intrisic Case Study Approach model with the nature of descriptive research. Data analysis in this study used the method of Discovering Cultural Themes. The locus of this research is the oldest village written in historical references and the Sentani traditional village on Lake Sentani today. The data collection method used observation, in-depth participant interviews, measurable pictures, and photographs. The study results found that the structure of the sacred outer space of the traditional settlements formed by the ancestors is still maintained today as a pattern of traditional Sentani defense settlements. The structural pattern of the sacred space forms a defense space in the traditional Sentani settlement forming a sacred outdoor layout for the Sentani indigenous people with one entrance for visitors or guests to the traditional village, namely a wooden pier for the boat landing. The sacred outer spatial arrangement is indicated by the position of the "Obe Imae" traditional house as the center of activity and customary activities are located at the very front, the two customary zones as the seat of tribal chiefs (traditional devices), the third community zone as the residential space of indigenous peoples, the fourth zone ancestors (traditional graves) and the fifth highest worship zone, namely the church as a place of worship to God.

In recent years, the world of cinema cannot be separated from literary works. Many literary works, one of which is a novel, are used as inspiration to produce a film. Novels that have popularity and high sales levels are able to attract producers to adapt novels into film form. The focus of this research is to describe the ecranization of the novel into the EL film, which includes (1) ecranization of the plot, (2) ecranization of the characters, and (3) ecranization of the setting. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The main instrument in this research is the researcher himself. The source of the research data is the novel el by luluk h.f.ke in the film el by director findo purwono. Data collection techniques are reading, watching, and recording data contained in EL novels and films. The results of this study's data analysis indicate that there is a process of ecranizing the novel into EL film which includes adding, shrinking, and varying changes.

Marriage that precedes a sibling is a social phenomenon that often triggers differing views between customary law and Islamic law in Indonesian society. This study aims to examine the perspectives of customary law and Islamic law on this phenomenon and understand the dynamics of the interaction between these two legal systems. The research adopts a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical design, combining primary data from in-depth interviews with customary leaders, religious scholars, and marriage participants, along with secondary data from relevant literature. The results show that customary law tends to regulate the order of marriage within the family, with social sanctions for violations, while Islamic law does not have such prohibitions and emphasizes individual freedom as long as the marriage requirements are fulfilled. Despite the potential for conflict, integration between customary law and Islamic law is possible through a dialogical approach involving all relevant parties. This study recommends strengthening dialogue between customary leaders and religious scholars to create harmony in marriage practices within the community and encourages further research to gain a broader understanding of public perceptions on this issue.

public health is an important issue that requires serious attention from business people, especially in the food sector. This study aims to explore healthy product development strategies in the context of food entrepreneur business as an innovative approach to improve people's nutritional status. Through a qualitative approach with case studies of several successful food entrepreneurs, this study analyzes the strategies used in the development of healthy products and their implications for improving the nutritional status of the community. The results showed that the selection of high-quality raw materials, the use of modern production technology, creative promotion, and cooperation with related parties are some of the effective strategies in the development of healthy products in the food entrepreneurial business.

The WISN (Workload Indicator Staffing Needs) method, functions as a calculation in the needs of human resources (HR) by using the workload by health human resources in all work units in service facilities. The registration officer is in charge of serving patients, besides that the cashier also helps to serve the registration. The activities carried out not only serve registration, but also concurrently filing and cashier. The purpose of this study is to analyze the needs of medical record personnel in the URJ registration section at Siti Miriam Lawang Hospital with 5,863 patients in 2021. A descriptive type of research with a quantitative approach, a sample and population of URJ registration officers, using a cross sectional approach. using data collection and counting staff needs. Based on the results observation and calculation of WISN, the results were obtained that there should be additional officers so that the service was maximized and in accordance with the tupoksi.

The problem of drug misuse among teenagers considered a national issue and becomes the concern quite hard to deal with. Teenagers are at risk for drug usage as this period is a phase of transition between childhood and adulthood known as a searching or self-identity period. This study aims to know the underlying factors to prevent drug use among teenagers at MAN 6 Kuta Baro, Aceh Besar. This research method used analytical design with a cross sectional approach with population of 118 adolescents and total sample of 54 teenagers. The proportional random sampling was used for data collection technique. This research was conducted on March 10, 2023 with univariate and bivariate analysis using the chi square test. The findings indicated that out of 54 respondents, 29 people (53.7%) made fewer attempts to prevent drug use, 32 people (59.3%) had less awareness of the dangers of using drugs, 35 people (64.8%) had negative atititude towards drugs, and less involvement from peers as many as 34 people (63%). These findings indicates that there is a relation between knowledge (p=0.003), attitudes (p=0.007), and the role of peers (p=0.017) with drug prevention attempts. In conclusion, the prevention of drug use is affected by knowledge, attitude, information, and the involvement of peers. It expects the research area to provide health counseling regarding drugs and collaborate with cross-sectoral organizations - The Health Offices and Public Health Centers.

This article is entitled Planting a Learning Culture for Santri for Nurul Muhajirin Sukatani-Banyuasin Islamic Boarding School, with the aim of how the process of cultivating a student learning culture at Nurul Muhajirin Sukatani Islamic Boarding School. The type of research used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques used through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques start from collecting data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. While the technique of checking the validity of data is by data triangulation techniques. The results obtained that the cultivation of a learning culture for Santri for Nurul Muhajirin Islamic Boarding School has been carried out well, including making a schedule of activities, time and place of study, which is in accordance with the needs of education at Ponpes Nurul Muhajirin, Ponpes has also provided education to get used to reading and taking notes for Ponpes students, Ponpes also makes schedules and rules for students to repeat learning materials when returning home from formal learning classes, then concentration in learning is also a serious concern for Ponpes in order to get maximum results, and has also instilled the value that the importance of carrying out or doing the tasks given by the ustad / ustazah.  

This study aims to determine the development of the Mangupa oral tradition among the people of North Sumatra. The method used in this research is descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data was collected through interviews, observation, and documentation studies. The results of the study show that the Mangupa oral tradition is still being preserved by the people of North Sumatra even though it has undergone several changes. Several factors that influence the development of this tradition include social, economic, and cultural factors. In addition, the support from the government and educational institutions also plays a very important role in maintaining the continuity of the Mangupa oral tradition.

This study aims to determine the ecology of literary works in the short story Mematungku di Kaki Bukit Ini by Fina Aryadila. This research was conducted with an ecological literary approach. The method used is descriptive by describing the results obtained in the form of words. The results of the study show that this short story contains natural ecology. Natural ecology deals with human interaction with nature, the attitude of human care for nature and how humans act towards nature. In this short story, there are various human traits towards natural conditions, namely sadness, disappointment, indifference and greed. Fina is the main character who feels disappointed, sad and concerned about the condition of the hill which has begun to be damaged by irresponsible, indifferent, and greedy people. This story tells of a hill that was once beautiful, now damaged and converted into a building that will become a long-term asset for humans who are greedy and do not care about the balance of the ecosystem. This short story also tells how the point of view of the character "Aku", namely Fina Aryadila, witnessed the damage to the hill that occurred, such as burning forests, cutting down trees and the hustle and bustle of animals in the forest in saving themselves and moving places.

The struggle of women in maintaining their existence is increasingly being voiced. One of the media that is often used is literari works. Given this, the aim of this research is to describe the existence of women amid male domination in Leila S. Chudori’s novel Laut Bercerita. This study uses a qualitative approach to examine the forms of existentialist feminism contained in the novel Laut Bercerita. This study took data in the form of text and utterances conveyed by each character. Data was collected using the 4M technique, namely reading, understanding, taking notes, and concluding. The result of this study is the discovery of Simone de Beauvoir,s feminist existence through the three female characters in the novel, namely Kasih Kinanti, Ratih Anjani, and Asmara Jati. Related to this, the results of the analysis of the existence of feminism based on Simone de Beaviour’s theory are relevant to be submitted as material in teaching Indonesian in class 11 high school, especially in material analysis of literary works.                                                                   

This article aims to explain how sociology plays a role in building the character of students. Sociology is a social science that studies facts, norms, and social deviations, which are the main factors in the process of shaping the character of students. This research utilizes a qualitative approach with the research method of literature review, and the data for the study are sourced from literature, journals, and books. In this method, all the obtained data will be analyzed to draw conclusions. The results of this research will indicate that Educational Sociology, as a branch of sociology, plays a significant role in shaping the character of students in schools.    

Educational organization strategy is the most important element in facing global challenges at the secondary school level. In an increasingly complex era of globalization, secondary schools are expected to be able to produce graduates who are competent and ready to face the demands of the rapidly changing world of work. This article was created to find out and analyze how the strategy of educational organizations at the secondary school level in facing global challenges. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method research type sourced from literature studies. Literature study is one of the research methods that uses the results of reviews from other journals as a source of reference. From the results it is known that: (1) Educational organization must be well implemented in secondary schools in line with the times. (2) It is important for education to be integrated with strategic management that ensures that educational goals and long-term vision are achieved. (3) Education as an organization also needs compact cooperation between the community and the government to build synergy between educational institutions.    

Anxiety is the most common feeling experienced by pediatric patients who experience hospitalization, anxiety that is often felt by children such as crying, fear of the environment and new people. The number of stressors experienced by children when undergoing hospitalization can have a negative impact on the child's development. This aim is to determine the effect of coloring play therapy on the anxiety level of preschool-aged children who experience hospitalization at the Banda Aceh Mother and Child Hospital. This study used a quantitative research design with a sample size approach of 5 respondents. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Data collection instruments were carried out before and after carrying out coloring play therapy using observation sheets with a percentage calculation assessment scale. The results showed that before being given coloring play therapy, there were 2 respondents who experienced moderate anxiety (40%) and 3 child respondents who experienced severe anxiety (60%). And after being given coloring play therapy there were 4 child respondents who experienced mild anxiety (80%) and 1 person who was in the moderate category (20%). It is suggested that the results of this study can be used as a reference for coloring play therapy in preschool-age child patients who experience hospitalization anxiety in the children's room at the Banda Aceh mother and child hospital in 2021.

The first stage process is accompanied by pain which is a physiological process, a subjective experience of physical sensations associated with uterine contractions, dilatation and effacement of the cervix. Primiparous mothers often worry because they don't understand how to deal with childbirth. Primiparas tend to experience more anxiety, causing tension and fear so that they cannot endure the pain. The aim of this study was to find out the effect of the upright position on pain during the first stage of the active phase of labor for primiparous mothers at the Jumpandang Baru Health Center, Makassar. This type of research is quantitative experimental with a Post Test Only One Group Design approach. The population in this study were all mothers giving birth at the Jumpandang Baru Makassar Community Health Center from April to June 2023. The sample in this study was part of the population of mothers giving birth at the Jumpandang Baru Makassar Community Health Center from April to June 2023, totaling 15 people. with Purposive Sampling sampling technique.