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Abstrak. Diabetes adalah penyakit metabolik kronis yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa darah (atau gula darah), yang seiring waktu menyebabkan kerusakan serius pada jantung, pembuluh darah, mata, ginjal, dan saraf. Di RSKD Provinsi Maluku metode pemeriksaan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya protein urine pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe-2 dengan terap metformin adalah menggunakan pemeriksaan protein urine dengan sampel urine pagi. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui penggunaan terapi metformin pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe-2 dan untuk mengetahui protein urine pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe-2 dengan terapi metformin. Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif yang ditunjang dengan pemeriksaan laboratorium menggunakan metode automatic. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan 12 sampel pasien diabetes melitus tipe-2 yang menggunakan terapi metformin dengan menggunakan metode sampling insidental. Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa seluruh sampel urine pasien diabetes melitus tipe-2 yang menggunakan terapi metformin di RSKD Provinsi Maluku hasilnya negatif sebanyak 10 sampel dengan presentase (80%) dan positif (++) sebanyak 2 sampel dengan presentase (20%). Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan sebanyak 12 sampel Urine pasien diabetes melitus tipe-2 yang menggunakan terapi metformin dengan hasil Negatif (80%) dan Positif (20%), menunjukkan bahwa adanya gangguan pada fungsi ginjal.

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is a significant public health issue, particularly in areas with suboptimal environmental conditions. Community Health Centers (Puskesmas), as the primary healthcare providers, play a crucial role in managing ARI cases. This study aims to analyze the prescribing patterns of medications for ARI patients at Pekanbaru Community Health Center to evaluate whether the prescribed treatments adhere to existing guidelines and to provide recommendations. The sample for this study comprises ARI patients who sought treatment at Pekanbaru Community Health Centers in March 2024. Secondary data from the monthly report of Pekanbaru Community Health Centers in March 2024 was used as the research instrument. The collected data was analyzed by calculating the percentage of medication usage. Based on the findings from Pekanbaru Community Health Centers, the following conclusions were drawn: Most patients consuming ARI medications were female, with 80 respondents, compared to 70 males. The age group with the highest number of ARI medication consumers was [missing data]. Paracetamol 500mg was the most commonly prescribed medication at the health center."

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) pada rumah tangga di Desa Kolobolon, Kecamatan Lobalain, Kabupaten Rote Ndao. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei melalui kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada 75 kepala keluarga (KK) yang dipilih secara acak menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif untuk menggambarkan 10 indikator utama PHBS, seperti persalinan yang dibantu tenaga kesehatan, pemberian ASI eksklusif, penimbangan bayi dan balita, penggunaan air bersih, mencuci tangan, dan penggunaan jamban sehat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 100% persalinan dibantu oleh tenaga kesehatan dan pemberian ASI eksklusif juga mencapai 100%. Namun, indikator mencuci tangan dengan air bersih dan sabun masih kurang optimal, dengan hanya 74,6% responden yang sudah melakukannya secara rutin. Selain itu, hanya 76% rumah tangga yang menggunakan jamban sehat, menunjukkan adanya tantangan dalam penerapan PHBS secara menyeluruh. Kesimpulannya, meskipun beberapa indikator PHBS di Desa Kolobolon telah mencapai hasil yang baik, masih terdapat ruang untuk perbaikan terutama dalam hal kebiasaan mencuci tangan dan penggunaan jamban sehat. Edukasi dan intervensi berkelanjutan diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan perilaku hidup sehat masyarakat secara lebih menyeluruh.

Storytelling is one of the habits of ancient people in conveying a message or telling an activity that has happened. A person's storytelling skills are closely related to the speaking skills that the person has. There are two important elements that must be mastered by students in storytelling, namely linguistics and the elements of what is told. Accuracy of speech, grammar, vocabulary, fluency and smoothness, illustrate that students have good speaking skills. Departing from the phenomena in the field, researchers see that students' storytelling skills are still lacking. This study aims to explore the improvement of storytelling skills in students of early childhood education study programs using picture cards. The method used is a quantitative approach with a descriptive type of research. The results show a significant increase in storytelling skills using picture cards.

Along with the development of the times, the use of information technology using computers as its media has increased rapidly. Indonesia is currently starting to adopt the concept of society 5.0 or what is known as Society 5.0, where this kind of activity focuses on community settings that are oriented towards IT-based human activities (Wijayanti et al., 2022). The application of the concept of "society 5.0" has brought many technological advances in various fields of life that are connected to the internet, especially in Indonesia. The base64 technique produces values ​​during text encoding that are difficult for laypeople to understand. This encryption program has the ability to convert plain text to cipher text and reverse cipher text after it is received. Several recommendations for the development of better applications in further research can be made based on the test findings of this study and the conclusions mentioned above. These include the following: The Vigenere Chipper application can only encrypt text messages    

This study focuses on the happiness of the elderly living in Panti Tresna Werdha Sabai Nan Aluih Sicincin, Padang Pariaman. An important part to help the elderly overcome the problems they face. This study aims to describe how happy the elderly are in the shelter, where happy elderly tend to be more open to new activities and have lower mortality and death rates. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with the main informant being the shelter officer and the elderly as supporting informants, and the study was conducted from January to June 2022. The results of the study show that the happiness of the elderly is reflected in their daily activities, such as skills guidance, health, religion, arts, social, to mutual cooperation and gymnastics. The elderly also fill their free time by reading the Qur'an and cleaning the environment. They feel happy because they are treated well, do not feel lonely, and consider the residents and staff of the shelter as family. Most of the elderly are comfortable living in the shelter and do not want to go home, even want to be buried there, showing that their happiness has been fulfilled at Panti Tresna Werdha Sabai Nan Aluih Sicincin.  

The highest level of alcohol consumption in education is among students. One of the factors causing the increase in alcohol consumption behavior and the rise in crime cases due to alcohol consumption is a lack of religiosity. Religiosity as the internalization of religious values related to belief in religious teachings. These beliefs are then actualized in human behavior. This research is included in the type of qualitative research with a case study approach. The conceptual boundaries of this research are religiosity, teenagers aged 18 - 21 years, and subjects who live in Village "X". The subjects in this research were teenagers who were alcoholics, both male and female, totaling 5 subjects. In this research, nonprobability sampling technique was used with purposive sampling. Subjects have a level of belief in God, religion and sin in their religion. Having high intentions can influence the subject's level of commitment to carrying out ritualistic activities. Subject knowledge regarding religious knowledge is fulfilled through developing digital media. Subjects' feelings towards ritual activities and their experiences of consuming alcohol vary. subject, no one mentioned behaving well because they were motivated by the teachings of their religion. All subjects felt comfortable with the circle of friends that the subjects were now living in. Factors that influence individuals to consume alcohol are environmental factors and the individual's own desires.

Burns are the destruction or death of tissue that occurs when tissue comes into contact with heat. Burned skin causes damage to the epidermis, dermis, and tissue lining under the skin on the causative factors and length of contact with heat sources. These burns are caused by human activities every day, whether in family work, companies, traffic accidents, or natural disasters. The purpose of this study is to find out an overview of the level of knowledge of mothers about first aid. This type of research uses a descriptive design, and sampling in this study uses an accidental sample with a total of 58 respondents. It can be concluded that this study obtained results from Definitions in the good category of 52 respondents (89.7%), as well as Etiology in the good category of 29 respondents (50.0%), and Implementation as many as 40 respondents (69.0%). It is hoped that with the increase in maternal knowledge about burns, nurses need to provide education and counseling to the community so that the level of maternal knowledge about burns can increase at the Romana Tanjung Anom Clinic 2024.

The purpose of this study was to develop and produce effective image media on the material of loving others like loving oneself in Christian Religious Education and Character Education learning for grade IV elementary school Merdeka Curriculum. This study uses a development method with the ADDIE approach model. The research location in North Tapanuli Regency consists of Elementary School 173290 Butar, Pagaran District, Elementary School 173291 Butar, Pagaran District, Elementary School 173292 Butar, Pagaran District, Elementary School 178492 Pagarbatu, Elementary School 174573 Hutaraja. The study was conducted in May - August 2024. Data collection used a validation questionnaire and a response questionnaire. The validation questionnaire was used for language expert lecturers, media experts, and material experts. The response questionnaire was used for PAK teachers for grade IV elementary school and grade IV elementary school students totaling 11 elementary school students for small groups and 76 students for large groups. The data analysis used in this study is qualitative descriptive analysis and quantitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study are in the form of image media products of loving others like loving oneself in the subject of Christian Religious Education and Character Education for grade IV of elementary school, Merdeka curriculum. The results of the study indicate that the products made are valid and suitable to be used as learning media. The assessment is based on validation experts, teachers, and students, namely language experts obtained an assessment percentage of 100% (very valid), material experts 100% (very valid), media experts 100% (very valid), religious teachers 96% (very valid) and finally students in small groups obtained results of 96.9% (very good) and large groups 96.36% (very good).

Typhoid fever is an infection of Salmonella enterica bacteria, especially Salmonella typhi which causes typhoid fever that occurs suddenly. Typhoid fever, also known as typhoid fever, is a disease with a high case rate. Parents' lack of attention to children's tendency to buy unhealthy foods will affect children's behavior in buying food and family history of having experienced typhoid fever and personal hygiene is a significant factor in increasing the risk of typhoid fever. The purpose of this study is to find out the Overview of Knowledge in Mothers About Pediatric Typhoid Fever. This type of research is descriptive design. Sampling is carried out by Accidential Sampling with a total of 30 respondents and data collection using questionnaires. The study shows that 18 respondents (60.0%) are knowledgeable about the causes of the sufficient category, 23 respondents (76.7%) are knowledgeable about the signs and symptoms of the sufficient category, 17 respondents (56.7%) are knowledgeable about prevention of the sufficient category, 23 respondents (76.7%) are knowledgeable about the treatment of the sufficient category and 21 respondents (70.0%) are knowledgeable about typhoid fever. Based on the results of the study, it is found that most of the mothers at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan have enough knowledge about typhoid fever. Researchers urge to pay more attention to children's hygiene, to maintain children's health and avoid diseases such as typhoid.

Nutritional status influences various factors related to health, knowledge, economy, environment and culture. Nutritional problems arise because of an imbalance between physical activity and adolescent nutritional intake. Nutritional problems in adolescents can affect psychological performance, productivity and achievement. The impact is in accordance with nutritional status, namely poor nutritional status raises the risk of infectious diseases, whereas overnutrition and obesity raise the risk of various degenerative diseases. Food intake is the variety of food and drink the body needs at any time.  Physical activity is any activity carried out because of business needs. Nutritional status is the final balance of nutritional intake in physical condition and food intake. Objective: Research to determine food intake and physical activity with nutritional status. Method: This research is a descriptive design using a simple random sampling method with a population of 258 respondents and a sample of 72 respondents. This research instrument uses a food recall questionnaire, activity recall and BMI measurement. Results: research shows that 53 respondents (73.6%) lack energy. 60 respondents (83.3%) lack carbohydrates. Protein is more 44 respondents (61.1%). 40 respondents (55.6%) lack fat. Vitamins are more than 46 respondents (63.9%). 59 respondents (81.9%) lack minerals. Lack of water for 72 respondents (100%). Light physical activity 70 respondents (97.2%). Underweight nutritional status of 52 respondents (72.2%). Conclusion: Based on the research results, it is found that the majority of students have poor food intake and physical activity with the nutritional status of teenagers. Researchers urge people to pay more attention to healthy food intake, sufficient activity and good nutritional status.

The aim of this research is to produce image media which is motivated by the hopes of PAK teachers regarding the importance of image media in the material Every Human Being is Valuable in the Eyes of God in the learning of Christian Religious Education and Character in class IV Elementary School. The research uses a development approach (research and development) which aims to produce image media products that are effective for use in teaching Christian Religious Education and Character with the material that Every Human Being is Valuable in the Eyes of God for grade IV Elementary School.The research location is the State Elementary School in Sipoholon District, North Tapanuli Regency, consisting of Hutaraja Elementary School 174573, Pagar Batu Elementary School 178492 and Pagar Batu 177921. The research was carried out in May - August 2024. Development steps using the ADDIE model. From the research results it is known: 1) Analysis, results from interviews and questionnaires distributed to five teachers of Christian Religious Education and Character Education that 96.4% require the development of image media that makes it easier for teachers to teach, increases students' understanding, and can attract students' attention. on learning Every Human Being is Valuable in the Eyes of God. 2.) Design, A.) Making images of Every Human Being's Material is Valuable in the eyes of Allah. B.) Determination of Learning Materials: Every Human Being is Valuable in the Eyes of God from Genesis 1: 26a&31a, Psalm 139:13-16; Jeremiah 29:11; and John 3 : 16; Luke 3 : 11; Proverbs 17:17; Galatians 6 : 2; 1 Peter 2: 23). 3) Development, Validation results by linguists on the development of material image media. Every human being is valuable in the eyes of Allah, getting a score of 100% which is within the very valid criteria, or can be used without revision. The material expert's validation results achieved a score of 98% which is within the very valid criteria, or can be used without revision. The results of media validation reached a score of 74% after revisions/improvements reached a score of 100%, which is within the very valid criteria, or can be used without revision. Therefore, the images developed are valid for use in research trials. 4) Implementation, from the results of teacher responses in Sipoholon sub-district, the results were 91.3%, which was included in the very valid criteria or could be used without revision, according to responses from Christian Religious Education and Character Education teachers that the pictures were good. The response results for the small group trial obtained a result of 89%, and the large group trial obtained a result of 91.6%, which is within the very good criteria. It was concluded that the picture of Material Every Human Being is Valuable in the Eyes of Allah is Effective for use in learning. 5) Evaluation, seeing responses from experts, responses from PAK teachers, and students, image media is valid and suitable for use in the learning process because it can help teachers in learning and increase students' understanding and attract students' attention in learning.

Diabetes Mellitus is a serious disease that lasts a long time and causes disturbances in the body's metabolism, characterized by high blood sugar levels that exceed normal limits. The general aim of this research is to determine the characteristics of diabetes mellitus patients. This type of research uses total sampling, with a total of 121 respondents. The results of the research show that the characteristics of the Diabetes Mellitus patient age group are 19-39 young adults 4 respondents (3.3%), 40-59 adults 48 (39.7%), <60 elderly 69 respondents (57%). Characteristics based on gender are 75 respondents (62.0%) female, 46 respondents (38%) male. Categories based on occupation were housewives with 43 respondents (35.5%), entrepreneurs 30 respondents (24.8%), retired 20 respondents (16.5%), private sector 14 people (11.6%), farmers 8 people (6.6%), civil servants 5 people (4.1%), k. pln 1 person (8%). Characteristics based on high school education 72 respondents (59.9%), S1 37 respondents (30.6%), SMP 8 respondents (6.6%), DIII 4 people (3.3%). Based on education, namely Protestant 77 respondents (63.6%), Catholic 28 respondents (23.1%), Muslim 13 respondents (10.7%), Buddhist 3 respondents (2.5%). Based on education, Batak Toba 60 respondents (49.6%), B. Karo 36 respondents, B. Mandailing 5 respondents (5.4%), B. Simalungun 4 respondents (3.3%) Chinese 5 respondents (4.1%) , India 1 respondent (1%), Java 6 respondents (5.0%) Nias, 4 respondents (3.3%). It is hoped that it can increase knowledge and motivation about the importance of the role of nurses in managing diabetes mellitus both from the aspect of understanding the concept of self-care behavior and quality of life in diabetes mellitus sufferers.

Diet is a description or daily eating habits that characterize a person and are important behaviors that can influence a person's nutrition. This is because the food and drinks consumed will affect a person's nutrition. Knowledge also provides understanding to families, especially in caring for family members with hypertension in terms of serving foods that are recommended, those that are avoided and those that are not recommended. As well as daily habits that can trigger increased blood pressure. Aim: To find out the picture of family knowledge about eating patterns, risk of hypertension in Dusun III, Tanjung Muda Village, Air Putih Subdistrict, Batubara Regency, Year. Research Method uses a quantitative design with approaches to empirical studies to collect, analyze and display data in numerical form (numbers), rather than narrative. The sample in the study was 66 families. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling, which is a sample determination technique by selecting samples from the population according to what the researcher desires. Instrument: The instrument used is a questionnaire. The results of the study found that the frequency distribution of family knowledge about the frequency of food for hypertension was that of the 66 respondents, the majority were in the good category, 58 respondents (87.9%) and the minority in the fair category, 8 respondents (12.1%), the distribution of the frequency of eating patterns in the disease. hypertension, that of the 66 respondents, the majority were in the poor category, 35 respondents (53.0%) and the minority in the sufficient category, 8 respondents (12%). Suggestions: The results of this research can be used as a basis for developing further research in expanding the assessments that have been carried out, especially regarding family knowledge about eating patterns.  

Gout arthritis is a disease in which there is excessive accumulation of uric acid in the body. Based on WHO, the prevalence of gouty arthritis in the world is 34.2%. The impact of gouty arthritis pain can be caused in the form of decreased quality of life of sufferers due to pain that greatly interferes with daily activities: Research objectives the description of the pain level of gouty arthritis in UPTD Puskesmas 1 Baturetno Wonogiri. Methods: Descriptive with a quantitative approach. The research subjects were 196 patients with purposive sampling technique totaling 66 patients. Research instrument (NRS) nurmetic rating scale. Results: Characteristics The majority of gouty arthritis pain levels were elderly at 35 respondents (53%), female gender at 37 (56.1%), the majority of the length of suffering ≥ 5 years at 44 (67.7%), the majority of moderate pain levels with a scale of 4-6 at 31 (47%). Conclusion: the description of the pain level of gouty arthritis at UPTD Puskesmas 1 Baturetno is mostly elderly, female gender, long suffering ≥ 5 years, moderate pain level.

Background: Mothers' lack of understanding and knowledge about breastfeeding and the benefits of breastfeeding are the biggest factors that make parents easily influenced and switch to formula milk. Non-exclusive breastfeeding carries a risk of death due to diarrhea. There are several factors that can influence the success of exclusive breastfeeding, namely age, education, and parents' knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding. Objective: To determine the level of knowledge of parents in providing exclusive breastfeeding to babies at the Banyudono I Community Health Center. Method: Descriptive. The sampling technique was 41 pairs of parents who had babies in the working area of ​​the Banyudono I Community Health Center. Results: Univariate test results show the characteristics of respondents: fathers aged >35 years (53.7%) mothers aged 20-35 years (73.2%), Most of the fathers had a high school education, 30 respondents (73.2), mothers with a high school education, 26 respondents (60.7%), Fathers work as private employees, 33 respondents (80.5%), mothers as housewives, 22 (53.7%), and fathers' knowledge levels are in the good category, 34 respondents (82.9%), mothers' knowledge levels are good, 34 respondents (82.9%). Conclusion: The majority of parents' knowledge level in providing exclusive breastfeeding to babies aged 0-6 months is good, 82.9%.

Background: Emergencies can occur anywhere and anytime, including when natural disasters occur, this first aid is very important to save victims. Based on the vision and mission of Bachelor of Nursing Study Program which excels in disaster, BHD skills must be possessed in dealing with emergency events as prospective medical personnel. Research objective: To determine the knowledge and skills of 8th semester nursing students regarding basic life support at 'Aisyiyah University, Surakarta. Aim: To describe the knowledge and skills of 8th-semester nursing students regarding Basic Life Support at 'Aisyiyah University Surakarta. Methods: This study design is descriptive research using a cross-sectional technique, sample of 62 respondents from the 8th semester students of 'Aisyiyah University Surakarta. Results: Of the 62 respondents, the knowledge level about BHD was predominantly adequate in 45 respondents (72.4%) and good in 17 respondents (27.4%). The skill level in performing BHD was predominantly not passing in 38 respondents (61.3%), with passing skills in 24 respondents (38.7%). Conclusion: From 62 students, the results showed that the average student had a sufficient level of knowledge and skills that had not yet passed.

Minat baca merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam perkembangan literasi siswa yang dapat mempengaruhi pencapaian akademis serta kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreatif dikemudian harinya atau sebagai landasan untuk tingkat pendidikan lebih lanjut. Akan tetapi, fenomena di Indonesia tingkat minat baca siswa sekolah dasar tergolong rendah, yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya akses terhadap bahan bacaan yang menarik serta terbatasnya kegiatan literasi yang inovatif dan menyenangkan. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan minat baca siswa SD Al-Hikmah melalui Program Literasi Kreatif, yang dirancang untuk mengintegrasikan kegiatan literasi dengan kreativitas. Program ini melibatkan berbagai kegiatan seperti pembuatan cerita bergambar, permainan peran berdasarkan buku cerita yang dilakukan di perpustakaan sekolah atau pun di dalam kelas. Kegiatan-kegiatan itu mendorong siswa untuk mengekspresikan ide-ide mereka melalui tulisan dan gambar. Melalui pendekatan yang interaktif dan menyenangkan, diharapkan siswa dapat melihat membaca sebagai aktivitas yang menarik dan bermanfaat, sehingga minat baca mereka akan meningkat. Hasil dari pengabdian ini diharapkan dapat menunjukkan peningkatan minat baca siswa, yang diukur melalui partisipasi aktif dalam kegiatan, peningkatan frekuensi membaca, serta perubahan sikap positif terhadap kegiatan membaca. Program ini juga bertujuan untuk memberikan model pembelajaran literasi yang dapat diadopsi oleh sekolah-sekolah lain guna membudayakan literasi di kalangan siswa sejak dini

Children with special needs with tunagrahita are children who have physical, mental and behavioural limitations, this causes difficulties in performing personal hygiene in everyday life. In Surakarta City, the prevalence of tunagrahita in 2023 shows that there are 1,118 children with special needs.  Objective: To determine the description of personal hygiene in children with special needs with tunagrahita. Methods: This type of research uses descriptive quantitative. The sampling technique used total sampling with a sample size of 153 respondents. Results: This study shows that based on personal hygiene the majority of respondents have less ability as many as (42.5%) 65 respondents. Conclusion: The description of personal hygiene skills in children with special needs with tunagrahita in the category of less.

High risk pregnancy is a condition that can affect the condition of the mother and fetus in the pregnancy she is facing (Manuaba, 2012). Pregnant women who experience medical disorders or health problems will be included in the high risk category, so that the need for implementing care during pregnancy becomes greater (Robson and Waugh, 2012). others include miscarriage, obstructed labor, antepartum bleeding, fetal death in the womb (Intra Uterine Fetal Death), poisoning in pregnancy, babies born under term, and low birth weight babies. The impact of high-risk pregnancies can be prevented through regular prenatal care (antenatal care) which aims to keep the mother healthy during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum as well as ensuring that the baby is born healthy, containing possible pregnancy risks, and optimal management planning. against high-risk pregnancies and reducing maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Antenatal services can detect and handle high risk cases adequately, provide clean and safe delivery assistance, affordable obstetric/perinatal services and referrals